Districts Bordering Research Articles

Legal Review of Procedures for Granting Rock Mining Business Permits

This research is motivated by the granting of mining permits originally granted by the Central Government, with the issuance of Presidential Decree Number 55 of 2022 concerning the Delegation of Granting of Business Licensing in the Mineral and Coal Mining Sector, some mining permits are granted by the Central Government to the Provincial Government, but only limited to the granting of Mining Business Permits (IUP) for non-metallic mineral groups, certain types of non-metallic minerals, and rocks. The legal research method used in this research is normative juridical research which is research that is carried out or aimed only at written regulations with a descriptive analytical research nature which is a method that functions to describe or provide an overview of the object being studied. The data source used is secondary data with quantitative data analysis. The results of this study are: The Procedure for Rock Mining Business Permits is carried out by means of an application to the regent or mayor if the mining area is in a district or city, to the governor if the mining area is across district or city borders, to the minister if the mining area is in a cross-provincial border area. The procedures carried out in the procedures for rock mining permits are the determination of the mining area carried out by authorized officials, determination of mining business areas, mining business permits, regulation of mining permits if there is a violation of mining permits. Supervision of Rock Mining Activities After Obtaining a Business Permit in the Mining Sector, it is carried out by the ESDM Service where the mining permit is located. Settlement of Rock Mining Permit Disputes can be carried out through a non-adjudication process.

Unveiling Success: Exploring the Impact of Training and Commitment on Madrasah Tsanawiyah Principal Performance

This article delves deep into the complex web of relationships between training, commitment, and performance among heads of private Tsanawiyah Madrasahs in the beautiful West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara Province. Using a quantitative approach reinforced by path analysis, the researchers uncovered the causal relationships that shape the madrasah leadership landscape. The study underwent rigorous validation by drawing insights from a carefully curated data set covering over 170 madrassa heads, meticulously collected through customized questionnaires. It emerged as a beacon of reliability and validity. Through the lens of descriptive and inferential statistics, the findings of this study not only highlight the transformative potential of training and commitment but also offer a roadmap for education policymakers and school principals across the country, thereby sparking a collective effort to achieve excellence in madrasa education. Although rooted in the local context of West Lombok Regency, the implications of this research have an impact far beyond the district's borders, marking a new era of educational innovation and progress. In essence, this study underscores the importance of disentangling the complex factors that shape the principal performance landscape to realize a brighter future for madrasa education nationally.

Assessment of the assimilation potential (by carbon) of urban green areas (on the example of the city of Penza)

The dependence of carbon assimilation in mixed plantings of the Penza city on the influence factors used in the ROBUL algorithm was studied. Specific carbon assimilation in the city by 99 % depends on the forest cover of the residential area, assimilation age rank and average conversion coefficient. The first factor has the greatest influence, while the conversion coefficient has the least one. The average carbon assimilation by the tree stand of the residential zone was 0.199 t/year/ha (43.6 kg/year/person). The highest indicators were in districts with forest park zones, the lowest ones were in districts with development not earlier than 2000. A positive carbon balance is observed relative to respiration of the population, but this balance is negative within the administrative borders of districts. A comparison of specific carbon assimilation at the Penza agglomeration sites calculated using the ROBUL algorithm and the obtained general regression assimilation model (RMA) showed no significant differences between them with a significant difference in the labor intensity of obtaining results in favor of the RMA model. The PMA model can be used to determine the temporal dynamics of carbon assimilation based on the planned area and composition of plantations. For the maximum possible share (42.6 %) of the green residential area of the Penza city, the potential carbon assimilation according to the RMA model for mixed species is 0.44 t/year/ha and is achieved in 40 years from tree planting, after which there is a decrease due to self-cutting.

Performance of Stunting Reduction Acceleration Team: An Explorative-Qualitative Study in Indonesia-Timor Leste Border Area

Stunting is a complex issue influenced by multiple factors, including specific factors within and outside the health sector. Achieving a significant reduction in stunting needs the involvement of relevant local government offices in the Stunting Reduction Acceleration Team (SRAT). This study aimed to investigate SRAT performance in a specific context of accelerating stunting reduction in Malaka District. This qualitative study, with a phenomenological approach, was conducted in Malaka District, Indonesia, and Timor Leste Border Area from July to September 2023. This study revealed four major themes of SRAT performance to accelerate stunting reduction in Malaka District: activities to accelerate stunting reduction, challenges faced in implementing the programs, supporting factors for program implementation, and alternative activities initiated by the local government. This study showed that the many local government agencies responsible for specific and sensitive interventions have effectively fulfilled their mandatories and roles in accelerating the elimination of stunting in Malaka District. However, inadequate internal coordination within SRAT has led to a dearth of harmonization in its execution

Assessing the knowledge, training and capacity of health workers in the diagnosis and management of soil-transmitted helminths and schistosomiasis in eastern Uganda.

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) affect millions of people in Africa, with Uganda bearing a significant burden. The World Health Organization (WHO) set a goal to reduce NTDs and improve access to diagnosis and management by 2030. However, NTDs have not been well integrated into primary healthcare in many countries, including Uganda, due to limited knowledge and resources among health workers. The study aimed to assess the readiness and capacity of primary healthcare centres to diagnose and manage soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) and schistosomiasis. A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted among 204 health workers in 20 health facilities in four districts bordering Lake Kyoga. In this study we evaluated health workers' knowledge of symptoms, diagnosis and management of STHs and schistosomiasis as well as the availability of resources and training. Our findings indicate that health workers have strong knowledge about STHs (86.76%), with lower knowledge levels regarding Schistosoma haematobium (59.72%) and Schistosoma mansoni (71.43%). Regarding resources and training, 95% of health facilities had laboratory services, but the majority lacked diagnostic equipment. Furthermore, only 17% of health workers reported prior training on schistosomiasis and related topics and only 25% had training on surveillance and reporting. While health workers in eastern Uganda demonstrated a good knowledge base for some NTDs, there were knowledge gaps and challenges in training on surveillance and reporting mechanisms. Continuously building the capacity of health workers along with investing in diagnostic infrastructure is essential for improved NTD control and ultimately reducing associated morbidity and mortality in the region.

Genetic markers associated with the widespread insecticide resistance in malaria vector Anopheles funestus populations across Tanzania

BackgroundAnopheles funestus is a leading vector of malaria in most parts of East and Southern Africa, yet its ecology and responses to vector control remain poorly understood compared with other vectors such as Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles arabiensis. This study presents the first large-scale survey of the genetic and phenotypic expression of insecticide resistance in An. funestus populations in Tanzania.MethodsWe performed insecticide susceptibility bioassays on An. funestus mosquitoes in nine regions with moderate-to-high malaria prevalence in Tanzania, followed by genotyping for resistance-associated mutations (CYP6P9a, CYP6P9b, L119F-GSTe2) and structural variants (SV4.3 kb, SV6.5 kb). Generalized linear models were used to assess relationships between genetic markers and phenotypic resistance. An interactive R Shiny tool was created to visualize the data and support evidence-based interventions.ResultsPyrethroid resistance was universal but reversible by piperonyl-butoxide (PBO). However, carbamate resistance was observed in only five of the nine districts, and dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT) resistance was found only in the Kilombero valley, south-eastern Tanzania. Conversely, there was universal susceptibility to the organophosphate pirimiphos-methyl in all sites. Genetic markers of resistance had distinct geographical patterns, with CYP6P9a-R and CYP6P9b-R alleles, and the SV6.5 kb structural variant absent or undetectable in the north-west but prevalent in all other sites, while SV4.3 kb was prevalent in the north-western and western regions but absent elsewhere. Emergent L119F-GSTe2, associated with deltamethrin resistance, was detected in heterozygous form in districts bordering Mozambique, Malawi and the Democratic Republic of Congo. The resistance landscape was most complex in western Tanzania, in Tanganyika district, where all five genetic markers were detected. There was a notable south-to-north spread of resistance genes, especially CYP6P9a-R, though this appears to be interrupted, possibly by the Rift Valley.ConclusionsThis study underscores the need to expand resistance monitoring to include An. funestus alongside other vector species, and to screen for both the genetic and phenotypic signatures of resistance. The findings can be visualized online via an interactive user interface and could inform data-driven decision-making for resistance management and vector control. Since this was the first large-scale survey of resistance in Tanzania’s An. funestus, we recommend regular updates with greater geographical and temporal coverage.Graphical

Mixed-methods community assessment of drowning and water safety knowledge and behaviours on Lake Victoria

BackgroundDrowning is a major cause of death in Uganda, especially among young adults with water-based occupations and livelihoods. Information about drowning and other water-related deaths and injuries is limited. To...

The Intended and Unintended Effects of Promoting Labor Market Mobility

Abstract We investigate the causal effects of financial incentives supporting geographical mobility among unemployed workers on their job search behavior and labor market outcomes. Exploiting regional variation in the promotion of mobility programs along administrative borders of German employment agency districts, we show that promoting mobility – as intended – causes job seekers to increase their search radius, apply for, and accept distant jobs. At the same time, local job search is reduced with adverse consequences for reemployment and earnings. A detailed analysis of the underlying mechanisms suggests spatial search frictions as the driver of the unintended adverse labor market effects.

The determinants of voting for Republican congressional candidates in the Texas borderlands

AbstractObjectiveA shift of Latino voters to Republican Party candidates has been observed in recent years. Past research on presidential elections supports the idea that borderlands counties vote differently than other counties in borderlands states and tend to favor Democratic Party candidates. This study explores congressional voting patterns in the Texas borderlands.MethodsUsing county‐level data for Texas counties in 2010 and 2022, this study examines Republican congressional voting as a function of (1) borderlands cultural and economic context, (2) economic conditions, (3) social contact, and (4) religious adherence. We contribute to existing scholarship by proposing that there are three district border subregions.ResultsOverall, this study finds increased levels of support for Republican congressional candidates in the borderlands region. However, when subregions are compared, those counties with economic linkages to Mexico and rural Tejano counties are more likely to vote for Democratic Party candidates in 2010 and 2022. The West Texas borderlands region, however, is no longer distinctive from other Texas counties in terms of voting patterns in 2022.ConclusionVoters in the predominantly Latino Texas borderlands are increasingly voting for Republican congressional candidates suggesting a change in partisan attachment. The effects of foreign‐born arrivals and rising economic optimism in the borderlands may lead to more voting for Republican candidates. However, current economic realities and linkages as well as past social and political marginalization may continue to make borderlands voters distinct.

COVID-19 Vaccination Services in the Region Kubu Raya District Border

The high spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia has impacted various aspects of life, both social, cultural, and economic. To tackle the spread of COVID-19, the government has created a vaccination program to increase immunity against diseases due to COVID-19. The survey results by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia show that even though it is free, people who volunteer to be vaccinated against COVID-19 still need to meet expectations. Nationally, it is only 65%, while West Kalimantan is only 63%. In Kubu Raya Regency, up to August 2021, positive cases of COVID-19 reached 3,336 points; 71.82% of people who had received vaccine I got 71.82% and vaccine II only 47.67%. Service quality is one of the factors that can determine the success of the vaccination program. This research aims to define community expectations regarding the quality of COVID-19 vaccination services by Community Health Centers in the border areas of Kubu Raya Regency. The research method is quantitative, and data analysis uses the average method and Cartesian diagrams. The research results show that the COVID-19 vaccination service in Kubu Raya Regency uses a pick-up and drop-off model, meaning that the service needs to be carried out at the Community Health Center. Still, officers go to the community with elementary requirements. The COVID-19 vaccination service is carried out at the Village Hall. Officer services still need to be entirely in line with community expectations. The public expects excellent service quality; the quality of COVID-19 vaccination services is still in the good category.

PERAN DAMKAR SEBAGAI UPAYA PELAYANAN PEMADAM KEBAKARAN DAN PENYELAMATAN DINAS PEMADAM KEBAKARAN DI KECAMATAN LONGKALI KABUPATEN PASER

This research was conducted to determine the role of the Longkali District Fire Unit in supporting the Paser Regency Fire Service and identifying inhibiting factors and supporting factors for fire services in the Longkali District. This research uses qualitative research methods using primary data and secondary data with data collection techniques through interviews, document studies, and direct observation so that the role of the Longkali District Fire Department is described. The District Fire Department (Damkar) was greatly helped by the existence of a Fire Task Force in the District, especially in Longkali District. With the condition of a large area and the position of Longkali District, it is the outermost district bordering PPU Regency so coordination is always carried out whether it is when a fire occurs or fire anticipation and prevention activities. However, with the limited personnel and facilities, and infrastructure, the role of the Longkali District Fire Task Force is seen as very helpful to the duties and functions of the District Damkar. There are several inhibiting factors and there are also supporting factors for the Longkali District Fire Task Force in carrying out its role so that researchers provide some suggestions or inputs to overcome these inhibiting factors including by forming volunteers in each village. Coordinating with the nearest Fire Task Force and improving skills for personnel by including education and training to add insight and ability. Optimizing existing budgets and trying to get additional budgets both sourced from government and private budgets.

War-related sexual and gender-based violence in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia: a community-based study

IntroductionSexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) during armed conflicts has serious ramifications with women and girls disproportionally affected. The impact of the conflict that erupted in November 2020 in Tigray on...

Risk perception of Ebola virus disease and COVID-19 among transport drivers living in Ugandan border districts.

Cross-border movements between districts bordering Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) are common due to the interdependence between populations on either side, though this increases the risk of the international spread of infectious diseases. Due to the nature of their work, boda boda drivers (motorcycle taxis), taxis and truck drivers continue to cross the border during epidemics. However, perceived risk of contracting and spreading communicable diseases may be influenced by several factors such as the level of education, packaging and perception of health care messages, limited interaction with local socio-cultural dynamics or personal experiences. This study aims to explore differences in movement patterns and risk perceptions as factors for transmission among transport drivers in Ugandan border districts during the 2018-2020 Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) epidemic and the current COVID-19 pandemic. Between May and June 2021, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with transport drivers in three Ugandan districts bordering DRC (Kasese, Kisoro and Hoima). Participants were asked about their knowledge and beliefs about EVD and COVID-19, perceived risk during epidemics, reasons for, and travel patterns during the EVD epidemic and COVID- 19 pandemic. A thematic content analysis was applied. Participants' awareness of EVD was higher than that of COVID-19 however, the risk of transmission of Ebola virus was perceived as a remote threat. Measures restricting mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic had a greater impact on transport drivers compared to those implemented during the EVD epidemic, and were perceived as prohibitive rather than protective, largely due to fear of reprisals by security officers. Despite this, drivers were unlikely to be able to comply with the restrictions as they relied on their work as a source of income. The vulnerabilities of transport drivers should be considered in the context of epidemics such EVD and COVID-19 in Uganda. Policy makers should address these particularities and assess the impact of public health measures on transport drivers' mobility and involve them in designing of mobility-relatedpolicies.

Determination of Urban Areas Using Google Earth Engine and Spectral Indices; Esenyurt Case Study

Identifying impervious surfaces for monitoring urban expansion is important for the sustainable management of land resources and the protection of the environment. Remote sensing provides an important data source for urban land use/land cover mapping, and these data can be analyzed with various techniques for different purposes. If the aim is to extract information easily and rapidly, using spectral indices is the most appropriate solution, and there are many indices created for this purpose. The study carried out on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, Esenyurt, the most populous district of Istanbul, was investigated using Sentinel 2 MSI image, with eight urban spectral indices and three vegetation indices. In addition, classification was made, and the results were evaluated. As a result of the urban index applications, it has been seen that the roofs are more or less mixed with the bare soil areas, and Normalized Difference Tillage Index (NDTI)gives the best results. Accuracy assessment is performed for index results and classification using the same points, and due to the urban area density in the application area, it is determined as 0.95% and 0.95% for NDTI and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and 97% for classification, respectively. In GEE, a high (-0.79) negative correlation is observed between May mean values and 2007-2022 population data when the NDVI time series was applied to the entire area within the district borders using Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 images between 1990-2022. The rapidly increasing population in the district leads to rapid urbanization, and green areas are disappearing at the same rate.

Нормативно-правовое и картографо-геодезическое обеспечение изменения границ субъектов Российской Федерации

The paper analyzes international and national legal and technical acts regulating the establishment, modification and coding of territories and borders of various levels, regulating the issues of spatial reference of thematic information. UN documents, standards of the International Organization for Standardization ISO and the European Union NUTS are analyzed. The Russian legislation and by-laws on the state border, on the administrative borders of the 1st level (subjects of the Russian Federation) and the 2nd level within the subjects of the Russian Federation are considered. It is proposed to single out as a separate level 1+ territories and borders of federal districts that are not a new administrative-territorial division of the country, but participate in federal statistical observation. It is shown that the borders of the subjects of the Russian Federation are subject to changes, but the existing legislative regulation of the establishment, control and modification of the borders of the subjects of the Federation is clearly insufficient. The complexity of solving the problem of establishing, controlling and changing the borders of the subjects of the Russian Federation is illustrated by the history of the development, consideration and rejection of the draft federal law “On changing the administrative borders of the Subjects of the Russian Federation”. The procedure for establishing and changing borders, as well as issues of accuracy of geodetic and cartographic work in establishing, changing and displaying borders are considered. The shortcomings of the recommendations on geodetic support of the process of establishing the borders of the subjects of the Russian Federation in the letters of the Rosreestr are analyzed.

SAMBIR VOLOST AND SAMBIR DISTRICT: RECONSTRUCTION OF BORDERS (END OF 14TH – 16TH CENTURIES)

The article is devoted to the history of one of the districts of the Przemyśl land of the Ruthenian voivodeship, with its center in Sambir (now Staryi Sambir), formed based on the Sambir volost as part of the Galicia-Volyn state. The reconstruction of the borders of this administrative unit was carried out by several Ukrainian and Polish historians, who used various sources. However, they did not adequately consider those individual settlements were subordinated to different district centers at different times, due to which selective sections of the district border were fluid. Guided by acts (royal grants, foundation privileges) and descriptive-statistical documents (tax registers, lustrations), as well as previous border reconstructions, we made our attempt to reproduce the boundaries of the Sambir volost (1375 – 1434) and the district (until the end of the 16th century), taking into account the variability of these borders. For the years 1375 – 1434, 21 documents were selected, in which 27 settlements of the Sambir volost are mentioned. Their subordination remained unchanged in the following centuries. However, we cannot say that the Sambir district and the eponymous volost were identical, not only because of border fluctuations but also because of the loss of some territories (the Ternowo Pole). As a result of the rapid colonization of the mountainous part of the district in the 16th century, the number of settlements in it more than doubled (from 88 to 210). The mountainous areas of the neighboring Sanok land and Stryi district were also actively settled. Mutual border colonization made it possible to fix the western and southeastern borders of the Sambir district by the end of the century. Its eastern border (with the Drohobych district) has remained unchanged since the existence of volosts. On the other hand, in the north (with the Przemyśl land), the boundaries were fluid due to the frequent change of jurisdiction of the local nobility between the Przemyśl and Sambir courts.

PELATIHAN PENGEMBANGAN DIGITALISASI LOCAL WISDOM BERBASIS MOBILE APPS SEBAGAI RINTISAN DESA PANCASILA

Kraton Village, Krian District, Sidoarjo Regency is one of the pioneering Pancasila villages. Krian District borders Balongbendo District which was once the center of the spread of radicalism, precisely in the Islamic Center. This area is one of the places of study that is often filled by Abu Bakar Ba'asyir. The Kraton Village area has also indicated that there are educational institutions that have begun to invite studies whose directions are indicated to influence the community on invitations that lead to a reduction in the sense of nationalism towards the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. The partner's condition is currently in a state of crisis of Pancasila values ​​due to the radicalism that is developing around the partner area. Therefore, it is important for partners to provide more knowledge regarding the importance of Pancasila values ​​in everyday life, but partners also experience obstacles in disseminating information more quickly and effectively to the public due to lack of knowledge about digital technologyThis study aims to provide training on the development of digitalization of local wisdom based on mobile apps which can later be used by the people of Kraton Village to disseminate information related to Pancasila values ​​more effectively and efficiently. The results of the study indicate that training activities are effective in increasing public knowledge about digitalization, and with the development of Mobile Apps, it is effective in increasing the level of public awareness regarding the values of Pancasila.

4.C. Workshop: Promoting health without borders: cross-border public health policy in the Euregio Meuse-Rhine

Abstract For more than 20 years, different public health institutions in the German-Belgian-Dutch border triangle have been involved in cross-border public health activities. The partners in the Euregio Meuse-Rhine (EMR), as this area is called, have jointly implemented studies on COVID-19 and on adolescent risk behaviour. They have established joint health reporting for various purposes and implemented prevention measures together. The special problems in the border regions during the Corona pandemic have once again impressively shown how important cross-border cooperation is - also for cross-border public health policy. In the health sector, orientation towards municipal, state and federal borders does not lead to the desired results. The results of the Euregional COVID 19 study of 2021 show that in this way a ‘borderless’ life - and partly also cross-border health care - cannot be adequately served. In fact, in the everyday life of a border community, there is hardly any difference between a district border and a national border. In the EMR, this is exemplary for the entire European Union, with its many national or local responsibilities. For infectious diseases, lifestyle risks, environmental toxins or climate risks, borders have no meaning. For health, however, they do. Cross-border policy and politics is the appropriate response to real European conditions. The workshop will show the possibilities and results of cross-border policy on the basis of 3 examples from the long-standing cooperation of public health actors from the Euregio Meuse-Rhine. Finally, we will present these factors and put them up for discussion. From these and other activities, the factors that enable or hinder policy along borders can be deduced. We will present these factors, classify their significance and present the possibility of generalisation for cross-border work for discussion. Key messages • Cross-border policy and coordination are the appropriate responses to the current realities in the European Union. • National differences in culture, administration and policy can be obstacles to cooperation; but are usually inspiration for new approaches and input for best practice.

Delineating borders of urban activity zones with free-floating bike sharing spatial interaction network

Free-floating bike sharing (FFBS) programs have been put into use in many cities around the world in an effort to provide travel convenience for local inhabitants. However, it is unclear whether the existing administrative subdivisions reflect the most plausible spatial structure for the daily movements of FFBS users. In this study, we first build a spatial interaction network based on FFBS journey data from Nanjing, China. On this basis, urban activity zones are delineated leveraging the Leiden community detection algorithm, and a set of network measures are then utilized to examine the properties of these activity zones. The community detection results show that the identified activity zone borders rarely overlap with existing administrative district borders. Activity zone borders could separate FFBS travel flows more rationally than administrative district borders. In order to quantitatively explore the attenuation effect of activity zone borders on FFBS travel flows, we further subdivide the borders into various types (i.e., administrative, natural, and infrastructural borders) and construct border effect models. The regression results show that, in addition to demographic size, built environment, and distance factors, the activity zone border parameters are also revealed as important predictors of bilateral travel flows. Among the different types of activity zone borders, natural borders consisting of water bodies and mountains have the most significant attenuation effect on FFBS travel flows. The delineation of activity zones could better portray short-distance mobility patterns and urban structures, thereby providing nuanced and appropriate guidance for deliberating related policies.

Border effects within a city and regional coordinated development in emerging economies

This paper investigates the influence and mechanism of border effects within a city on the coordinated development of the regional economy by combining a quasi-natural experiment in China's municipal districts border reorganization and satellite night-time light data. We find that border effects of municipal districts within a city matter significantly in the coordinated development of the regional economy. Further, restructuring district borders promotes the coordinated development of districts by improving the average level of public services. This study implies that borders within a city matter, and the border effect can be an effective tool to promote regional coordinated development in emerging economies.