Anthropometric Parameters Body Research Articles

Men who practice risky hobbies are more physically masculine

The aim of the study was to investigate specific morphological and psychological characteristics of representatives of leisure communities focused on taking high risks, compared to the control group of men. We studied facial and body anthropometric parameters - presumable markers of prenatal androgenization and masculinization - as well as the tendency to search for sensations and aggression in race car drivers (n=36), alpinists (n=52) and students (n=56). We were also interested in possible associations between the studied morphological and psychological parameters. It was revealed that the faces of the representatives of all three groups differed significantly in the facial shape. All three groups differed from each other in the fWHR index (the bizygomatic width/the height of the middle part of the face), with the race drivers having the lowest values and the highest for the controls. Race drivers differed significantly from controls in the relative lower jaw height. The maximum average values for the handgrip strength on both hands were noted in the race drivers, and the minimum in the control. We did not find significant differences in the digit ratio on the right and left hands between the groups. The result of the analysis of psychological profiles showed that alpinists are more prone to risk and sensation seeking, as well as more sensitive to the monotonous daily activities compared to race drivers and the control group, while the maximum level of hostility was found for the control group.

Identification of sarcopenic obesity in adults undergoing orthopaedic surgery: Relationship between "a body shape index" (ABSI) and fat-free mass. A cross -sectional study.

BackgroundSarcopenic obesity is a condition characterised by the coexistence of low muscle mass and function (sarcopenia) and excessive fat mass (obesity). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of this condition in patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery by gender and type of orthopaedic surgery. In addition, this study investigated the suitability of a waist circumference-based anthropometric measure, body shape index (ABSI), for predicting sarcopenic obesity and the predictive power of ABSI for fat-free mass index (FFMI), a surrogate marker of lean body mass.Methods and findingsA cross-sectional study of overweight and obese orthopaedic patients undergoing knee or hip and spine surgery was conducted between October 2019 and March 2020 in Orthopaedic Hospital Valdoltra, Slovenia. General anthropometric parameters body mass index (BMI) and ABSI = (WC/(BMI2/3x height½) as well as body composition data (fat mass FM, fat-free mass FFM, FFMI, and the ratio FM/FFM as an index of sarcopenic obesity) were determined in 120 women (aged 66.5 ± 9.6 years) and 89 men (aged 65.5 ± 7.8 years) with overweight (25 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Sarcopenic obesity phenotypes based on FM/FFM ratio > 0.80 was present in 15.3% of patients, mainly in female patients undergoing knee surgery. ABSI was significantly associated with age in all women and obese men and with waist circumference (WC) in all patients. ABSI did not correlate with BMI in women and men; however, multiple linear regression analysis showed that BMI independently predicted FFMI (R = 0.83 and 0.70, respectively, p < 0.001) in women and men (β-coefficients: 0.801 and 0.686, respectively) and ABSI in women only (β-coefficient: -0.104). Women with a lower ABSI had a significantly higher FFMI than the group with a higher ABSI.ConclusionsSarcopenic obesity was most prevalent in obese women scheduled for knee surgery. In addition, ABSI, independently predicted FFMI in women and represents a significant predictor of sarcopenic obesity.

The Anthropometric and Biochemical Parameters in Normal Weight-Central Obesity Females

Central obesity is abdominal fat that accumulates and affects the health status. The present study aimsto estimate some blood biomarkers among normal-weight females with central obesity and determinethe prevalence of central obesity. The method: healthy females with normal body weight and age groupof (33-44 y) have participated and their body anthropometric parameters were determined. The Navyformula detected the body composition. Serum glucose, lipid profile, insulin, and cortisol hormonewere tested. The results: a high prevalence has been found of the central obesity among females withnormal weight (71.098%). Central obesity is characterized by increasing WC, WHR, and WHtR withhigh-fat percentage and fat mass (40.55%, 25.6 kg) than females without central obesity (31.5%, 19.4kg, respectively). The central obesity females showed significant elevation in serum glucose 8.937mmol/L, insulin 177.884 pmol/L, and HOMI 10.216 with dyslipidemia than the ones with the noncentralobesity. A high significant cortisol level (29.126 μg/dl) was observed in the normal weightcentral obesity group. Conclusions: the incidence of central obesity among normal-weight females hasbeen associated with changes in some blood profiles, which may contribute to increasing adiposityrelatedrisk factors and health outcomes and the effect on body shape.

Biological and Psychological Stress Correlates Are Linked to Glucose Metabolism, Obesity, and Gender Roles in Women

Objectives: Psychological stress affects central as well as peripheral metabolism and hormone trafficking via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Stress thereby plays a decisive role in the etiology and progression of overweight and obesity, leading to several chronic diseases, such as diabetes, and mental health disorders. The interplay of biological and psychometric correlates of stress, anthropometric, immunological, and metabolic parameters and psychosocial factors such as gender roles, however, remains poorly understood. Methods: In this exploratory study, 43 healthy women were assessed for glucose metabolism by an oral glucose tolerance test and computation of functional parameters for insulin secretion, sensitivity, and resistance. Further, the fatty liver index (FLI) and anthropometric parameters body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, body fat, and lean mass were assessed. Psychological stress assessment included the “Brief Symptom Inventory” (BSI), the “Burnout Dimensions Inventory” (BODI), and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Biological stress response was evaluated with heart rate variability and cortisol levels. Finally, gender role self-identification was assessed with the “Bem Sex-Role Inventory” (BSRI). Generalized linear models were computed for exploratory association with psychometric outcome. Uncorrected p values are reported. Results: Burnout and PSS scores were associated with insulin secretion, sputum cortisol, thyroid-stimulating hormone, anthropometric measures, and gender role. BSI ratings for psychiatric symptom dimensions were associated with insulin resistance, sex hormones, anthropometric measures, and gender role. Female self-identification was associated with higher BMI as well as body fat and a higher FLI. Conclusions: Considering the increased risk of unfavorable metabolic, cardiovascular, and also mental health outcome in obese women, a higher BMI in women with predominant female gender self-identification may be relevant for clinical risk assessment. The broad range of interacting biological, psychological, and gender-related parameters calls for an integrative management of both mental and endocrinological health. However, the exploratory nature of the study requires replication in larger samples before definite conclusion can be drawn.

The ability of waist-to-height ratio to identify health risk.

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE To evaluate the performance of the ratio between the waist circumference and the height in the identification of health risk compared with the correlation matrix between the anthropometric parameters body mass index and waist circumference.METHODS A population-based study presenting a transversal cut in a representative sample of the Brazilian adult and older population. The combination of the body mass index with the waist circumference resulted in health risk categories, and the cutoff points of the ratio between the waist circumference and the height as anthropometric indicator were used for classification of low and increased risk. Poisson regression was used to verify the association of systemic arterial hypertension with the health risk categories.RESULTS The results showed 26% of adult men, 10.4% of adult women and more than 30% of the older adults of both genders classified as without risk by the combination matrix between body mass index and waist circumference presented a ratio between the waist circumference and height that showed increased risk. All risk categories continued to be associated with hypertension after control for confounding factors, being almost two times higher for adults with moderate and high risk according to both methods. When the waist-to-height ratio was used as a risk indicator, the prevalence of hypertension ratios for the older adults was 1.37 (95%CI 1.16–1.63) and 1.35 (95%CI 1.12–1.62) for men and women, respectively, being these values close to the combination matrix body mass index and waist circumference.CONCLUSIONS The waist-to-height ratio identified more individuals at early health risk than the combination matrix between the body mass index and the waist circumference and showed comparable ability to identify health risk, regardless of gender and age, regarding the prevalence ratios for systemic arterial hypertension.

Nutrition Assessment in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Pre and Post Chemoradiotherapy

Introduction: Head and neck cancer patients are frequently malnourished at the time of diagnosis and prior to the beginning of treatment. Deterioration of the nutritional status results in an increase in chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) related toxicity, and this may increase the prolonged treatment time, which has been associated with poor clinical outcome. The present study aims to do a nutritional assessment before and after CRT in head and neck cancer patients. Material and Methods: The present study was undertaken at the Department of Radiation Oncology, Shri Ram Murti Smarak Institute of Medical Sciences, Bareilly. In this study, 50 patients of head and neck tumors were enrolled, and their nutrition was assessed before and after CRT. Nutrition assessment was done using different laboratory parameters like hemoglobin, total leukocyte count, blood urea, serum creatinine, and serum bilirubin. Anthropometric parameters used are body mass index, skinfold thickness, and mid-arm circumference. Nutritional risk indicator and patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) score are measured before and after CRT. All the parameters were assessed and analyzed using different statistical tests – Chi-square test, Fisher exact test, and paired t-test. Results: Hemoglobin decrease was statistically significant during treatment (p less than 0.001), and the decrease in total leukocyte count during treatment was showing a trend towards significance (p-value -0.056). There was deterioration in other parameters like blood urea, serum creatinine, and serum bilirubin but was not statistically significant. Anthropometric parameters–body mass index (BMI), mid-arm circumference (MAC), skinfold thickness, and percent body fat showed a significant change (p less than 0.00001). Nutritional risk indicator and PG-SGA class have decreased for the majority of patients during treatment, and the change is statistically significant (p less than 0.00001 and p = 0.0251), respectively. Conclusion: Nutrition has an important role to play in the management of head and neck cancers by CRT. It helps to reduce the complications and improve the tolerance of CRT, thus avoiding treatment breaks, which may lead to failure of treatment.

Serum Thyroid Function Is Correlated with Body Anthropometric Parameters of Obesity

Clinical ThyroidologyVol. 28, No. 9 SummariesSerum Thyroid Function Is Correlated with Body Anthropometric Parameters of ObesityAngela M. LeungAngela M. LeungSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:1 Sep 2016https://doi.org/10.1089/ct.2016;28.273-274AboutSectionsView articleView Full TextPDF/EPUB Permissions & CitationsPermissionsDownload CitationsTrack CitationsAdd to favorites Back To Publication ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmail View article"Serum Thyroid Function Is Correlated with Body Anthropometric Parameters of Obesity." Clinical Thyroidology, 28(9), pp. 273–274FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 28Issue 9Sep 2016 InformationCopyright 2016 American Thyroid Association, Inc.To cite this article:Angela M. Leung.Serum Thyroid Function Is Correlated with Body Anthropometric Parameters of Obesity.Clinical Thyroidology.Sep 2016.273-274.http://doi.org/10.1089/ct.2016;28.273-274Published in Volume: 28 Issue 9: September 1, 2016PDF download

Thyroid dysfunction and hepatic steatosis in overweight children and adolescents.

SummaryBackgroundOvert or subclinical hypothyroidism is a common finding in adult populations affected by non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Currently, there are only sparse data available on the association of thyroid dysfunction and NAFLD in obese children and adolescents.ObjectiveThe study aims to investigate the association of thyroid function test values with NAFLD and metabolic risk factors in a population of obese children and adolescents.MethodsA total of 332 overweight and obese children and adolescents (170 girls) aged between 10 and 19 years were analysed. Subjects underwent ultrasound examination of the liver. Thyroid function was evaluated by laboratory determination of thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH), total triiodothyronine (T3) and total thyroxine levels. All included subjects were either euthyroid or had subclinical hypothyroidism (TSH > 4 μU mL−1, normal thyroxine). Further metabolic profiling included the determination of lipid status, insulin and liver function tests. Anthropometric parameters body mass index, waist and hip circumference were documented.ResultsThe prevalence of hepatic steatosis was 29.8%. Subjects with NAFLD had significantly higher TSH levels than those without (p = 0.0007). After dividing TSH values into quartiles, both univariate and multivariate analyses (adjusted for age, body mass index–standard deviation scores and stage of puberty) showed a significant association with hepatic steatosis (p < 0.05).ConclusionTaking possible variables into consideration, our results show that there is a significant association between hepatic steatosis and the TSH levels in obese children and adolescents. Mild thyroid dysfunction may therefore have a role in determining an unfavourable metabolic profile in obese children and adolescents.

Association between body anthropometric parameters and indices of cardiac autonomic function among apparently healthy young adults

Background: Anthropometric parameters are useful for indexing cardiovascular variables. Objectives: This study aimed at determining the association between anthropometric parameters and autonomic cardiovascular indices (ACIs) among young adults. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional descriptive study involving 204 healthy young adults who were residents of Ile-Ife. The weight (kg) and height (m) were measured with health scale while body mass index and body surface area were calculated using Quetelet index and Mosteller formula, respectively. Each participant was evaluated through a battery of procedures; systolic blood pressure (SBP) response to standing, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) response to sustained handgrip (SH), resting heart rate (RHR), heart rate (HR) variability during Valsalva maneuver, deep breathing, and change of posture while the ACIs were derived as outcome of the procedures. The relationship between the anthropometry and ACI was determined by correlation. Results: Height positively correlated with SBP response to posture (r = 0.107, P = 0.128), DBP response to SH (r = 0.143, P = 0.041), and heart rate response to deep breathing (HDB) (r = 0.043, P = 0.540). Height negatively correlated with Valsalva ratio (r = −0.022, P = 0.759), 30:15 ratio (r = −0.009, P = 0.902), and RHR (−0.152, P = 0.030). Weight correlated positively with postural change in SBP (r = 0.096, P = 0.172), DBP response to SH (r = 0.091, P = 0.197), and 30:15 ratio (r = 0.005, P = 0.948). Weight negatively correlated with HR response to deep breathing (r = −0.114, P = 0.105) and RHR (r = −0.153, P = 0.029). Conclusion: Anthropometric parameters correlated weakly with most indices of cardiac autonomic function except RHR.

Challenges of body mass index classification: New criteria for young adult Nigerians

Background: There are evidences to suggest that the World Health Organization (WHO) general cutoff points for body mass index (BMI) may not be the most appropriate for young adults globally irrespective of racial and ethnic considerations. Objective: This study assessed body anthropometric parameters in healthy population of young adult Nigerians with a view to determining race and gender-specific criteria (Ife criteria) for BMI classification. Methods: Four hundred and eighty-four (242 males and 242 females) healthy subjects aged between 18 and 41 years (inclusive) were recruited for the study. The participants were age- and sex-matched (mean age: 22.81 ± 3.83 years). The weight and height of the subjects were obtained using standard techniques while BMI was calculated as derivatives of height and weight. The BMI was classified using 5 th , 85 th , and 95 th percentiles and delineated into underweight ( 95 th percentile). Results: The result showed that the general BMI cutoff values for underweight, normal, overweight, and obesity were Conclusions: The cutoff values for the new criteria for BMI classification were lower than the WHO defined values and sex differences were demonstrated in BMI. Therefore, WHO criteria may not be universally applicable.

Poor prediction of resting energy expenditure in obese women by established equations

The objective of the study was to evaluate the accuracy of established prediction equations that calculate resting energy expenditure (REE) in obese women. This was a cross-sectional study. In 273 mildly to severely obese women (age, 41.7 ± 13.2 years; body mass index, 42.8 ± 7.0 kg/m 2), REE was measured by indirect calorimetry (mREE), along with fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Eleven established equations were used to predict REE (pREE), with 9 equations basing on the anthropometric parameters body weight and height and 2 equations including body composition parameters (FM, FFM). All equations provided pREE values that significantly correlated with mREE ( r > 0.66, P < .001), although 8 equations systematically underestimated mREE ( P < .05). Of note, even the best equation was not able to accurately predict mREE with a deviation of less than ±10% in more than 70% of the tested women. Furthermore, equations using body composition data were not superior in predicting REE as compared with equations exclusively including anthropometric variables. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed 2 new equations—one including body weight and age and another including FM, FFM, and age—that explained 56.9% and 57.2%, respectively, of variance in mREE. However, when these 2 new equations were applied to an independent sample of 33 obese women, they also provided an accurate prediction (±10%) of mREE in only 56.7% and 60.6%, respectively, of the women. Data show that an accurate prediction of REE is not feasible using established equations in obese women. Equations that include body composition parameters as assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis do not increase the accuracy of prediction. Based on our results, we conclude that calculating REE by standard prediction equations does not represent a reliable alternative to indirect calorimetry for the assessment of REE in obese women.

No correlation of anthropometry and race performance in ultra-endurance swimmers at a 12-hours-swim

In swimmers, the effects of the anthropometric factors, upper extremity length, hand length and body height, on performance over 100 m have been shown, but no data exist about the influence of anthropometric factors on performance in ultra-endurance swimmers. Twelve male Caucasian ultra-swimmers participated in our study at the 9th edition in 2007 of the 12-hours-swim in Zurich, Switzerland. We determined body mass, length of arms and legs, body height, circumferences of extremities, skeletal muscle mass and fat mass in order to correlate with the covered distance and to find an effect on race performance. The 12 swimmers achieved an average distance of 29.4 +/- 5.1 km, varying from 22.8 km to 39.1 km during these 12 hours. There was no correlation between body mass, length of arms and legs, body height, circumferences of extremities, skeletal muscle mass and fat mass to race performance. In these 12 male ultra-endurance swimmers no effect of the anthropometric parameters body mass, body height, BMI, circumferences of extremities, length of arms and legs, skeletal muscle mass and fat mass, on performance in a 12-hours-swim has been found.