Blue Goose Research Articles

Benchmarking Cellulose Nanocrystals Part II: New Industrially Produced Materials.

The demand for industrially produced cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) has been growing since 2012, when CelluForce Inc. opened its inaugural demonstration plant with a production capacity of 1 tonne per day. Currently, there are 10 industrial CNC producers worldwide, each producing a unique material. Thus, academic researchers and commercial users alike must consider the properties of all available CNCs and carefully select the material which will optimize the performance of their desired application. To support these efforts, this article presents a thorough characterization of four new industrially produced CNCs including sulfated CNCs from NORAM Engineering and Constructors Ltd. (in cooperation with InnoTech Alberta and Alberta-Pacific Forest Industries Inc.) and Melodea Ltd., as well as carboxylated CNCs from Anomera Inc. and Blue Goose Biorefineries Inc. These materials were benchmarked against typical lab-made, sulfated CNCs. While all CNCs were similar in size, shape, crystallinity, and suspension quality, the sulfated CNCs had a higher surface charge density than their carboxylated counterparts, leading to higher colloidal stability. Additionally, significant differences in the rheological profiles of aqueous CNC suspensions, as well as CNC thermal stability and self-assembly behavior, were observed. As such, this article highlights both the subtle and significant differences between five CNC types and acts as a guide for end-users looking to optimize the performance of CNC-based materials.

Dosima fascicularis (Cirripedia: Lepadidae) in Uruguayan waters: the southernmost western Atlantic presence of the ‘blue goose barnacle’

Dosima fascicularis (Cirripedia: Lepadidae) in Uruguayan waters: the southernmost western Atlantic presence of the ‘blue goose barnacle’

At Night We Play Hearts

I had a good buzz going by the time I was dropped off in Gardiner, Montana by Wayne, a ranch hand who'd fished cans of Pearl from a Coleman cooler strapped into the bed of his pickup as he drove the twenty miles from Miner at breakneck speed. Before that I'd smoked a bowl with two French-Canadian seminarians who'd played Dinah-Moe-Humm over and over on a boombox inside their VW van, such that when they dropped me off at the turnoff for Pray and the head of a trail they were going to hike into the Absaroka Range, Frank Zappa's funk-inspired classic satire about a sexual dare gone wrong (or right, depending on how you looked at it) was grinding in my head and would be for days. Inside Red's Blue Goose Saloon I ordered another Pearl. It was too early to hitchhike to the Boiling River Hot Spring, and I didn't relish the prospect of baking on Yellowstone's North Entrance Road. From where I sat, Roosevelt Arch, two stone pillars supporting voussoir and spandrel, wavered in the dis tance like a mirage into which a person might vanish. Better to arrive at the hot spring at twilight, I told myself, as I had the previous summer when I'd stumbled onto an orgy and found myself naked in a natural bath with more than a dozen naked strangers, three-quarters of them female and all of them drunk or stoned or tripping. That summer I'd worked for the Hamilton Stores Corporation selling fishing tackle, light groceries, and camping supplies to tourists staying at the Lake Campground and wouldn't have known about the spring at all?it wasn't officially designated on any map?if a hippie couple a few years older than me hadn't come into the store needing duct tape to mend a rip in the floor of their tent. The woman was slender and gorgeous with straight dark hair that fell to breasts covered by blue threadbare crepe and pupils con tracted to the size of periods. The man looked both young and wizened, his eyes sparkling as if through his sun-bleached curls they saw what ordinary mortals could not. As I waited on them, he told me they had wintered in Big Bend National Park, where at night they'd waded across the Rio Grande to the Mexican village of Boquias, purchased peyote buttons for six pesos a piece, and brought them back to the campground where they sold them at a 131

Oregon Voices: Talegate: A Trombone Tableau

_OREGON VOICES Talegate A TromboneTableau byJohn Wendeborn TAILGATE:Back endof wagon in New Orleanswith bandplayingand trombonist pointing horn over tailgate; New Orleans style of jazz trombone TALEGATE: Trombonist who becomes writer IT'S FALL 1944. I'm fourteen years old and looking for themusic room at Washington High School, carrying the tarnished trumpet I'd been trying to play for a year while taking about a dozen lessons.Within a week, the trumpet's gone and I'm sitting at the back of the room with a tuba on my lap. Band director Arlon O. Bogard didn't need a dysfunctional trumpet player but figured with some work his open tuba chair would be the right thing forme. Itdidn't take long to figure out the tuba was not right, either. The next fall,with the arrival of a sophomore who could play tuba and sousaphone coupled with a need fora trombone player putMr. Bogard on my case again. He wasn't willing to dismiss me completely; my freshman year had been okay, and he needed to fill out theband. iN"W5t V.1.^J including several musicians, and we would march and play ? even getting the police to block a lane of trafficas we marched to Twenty-eighth and then on to the Blue Goose Tavern on Ankeny. A couple of years later, the march began atClaudia son Southeast Thirtieth and Hawthorne. By then, the growing platoon approached fortyguys,most of them veterans and many wearing ill-fitting uniforms. The music was handled by nearly a dozen players aswe marched up Hawthorne toThirty-seventh Avenue, again with police support, toNick's Coney Island. That lasted two years and was defi nitely a fun-loving experience. Wendeborn, A Trombone Tableau 115 ALREADY IMMERSED inthejazz community, I leftcab driving in 1956. I had not played anywhere near full time for the prior two years, but I soon found Portland's jazz clubs and was a frequent visitor toplaces such as the Chicken Coop and the Shadows. Both were restaurants, and theCoop, off Northeast Sandy Boulevard at Twenty-fourth, was where Portland's popular pianist Sid Porter played. The Shadows, at Northeast Twenty-first, off Sandy, was prettymuch a burger and-fries outlet with a trio playing weekends. Idid have a quartet fora few weekends at theHollywood area club Carmen s but lost that gig when the well-known Hamiltones took over. Jam sessions put me in contact with other jazz musicians, including Lynn Teadtke, who would soon be the leading Dixieland/traditional jazz trumpet in town. Lynn and I found ways to occasionally play in the after noon, which gained me some status. He joined Monty Ballou s traditional jazz band and became a star.Ballou ran thepopular Diamond Horseshoe Club on the second floor of a building at Southwest Broadway andWashington, adjacent towhat was then the Liberty Theater. Through Lynn, I got to sit in a couple of times. Itwas about 1955when I began stagingwhat we called Young JazzAu diences, a take-offon the symphonic type events called Young Audiences, which catered tohigh school audiences and musicians. With Wes Spellman, pianist Al Hood, and others,we staged several concerts, including shows at Grant, Madison, and Franklin high schools. The assemblies we played always ended with a fewhigh school ers joining us toplay; years later many of them had become established jazz players in town. In the late 1950s, a popular two trombone sound by recording artists Kai Winding and J.J.Johnson led to the S&W Quintet (Spellman & Wendeborn). Trumpeter Wes Spell man doubled on the used Reynolds valve trombone Ihad bought to enable us to get the J.J. and Kai sound. I had also discovered a wizard of the valve trombone, Bob Brookmeyer, andwhen Wes said he could play the valve, too, the S&W sound was born. Tenor sax man Carl Smith and his soon-to-be-wife Patti Hart, a jazz singer whose popularity was rising rapidly, regularly gathered with us at a small house on Southeast Stark across from the Lone Fir Cemetery. Those afternoons were more jam sessions than rehearsal, but we had tohave a set listof songs to play. Carl later formed his Natural Gas Company...

Surface Subsidence Prediction by Nonlinear Finite‐Element Analysis

An improved two‐dimensional plane‐strain numerical procedure based on the incremental‐iterative nonlinear finite‐element method is developed to predict ground subsidence caused by underground mining. The procedure emphasizes the use of the following features: (1) An appropriate constitutive model that can accurately describe the nonlinear behavior of geological strata; and (2) an accurate algorithm for simulation of excavation sequences consistent with the actual underground mining process. The computer code is used to analyze a collapse that occurred in the Blue Goose Lease #1 Mine in northeastern Oklahoma. A parametric study is conducted to investigate the effects of some selected factors on the shape and extent of subsidence profiles. Analyses of the numerical results indicate that the nonlinear finite‐element technique can be employed to meaningfully predict and characterize the potential for ground subsidence due to underground mining.

PERFORMANCE OF SELECTED PEACH ROOTSTOCKS ON A SEVERE PEACH TREE SHORT LIFE SITE

Two peach cultivars were budded in 1988 to seedlings from 10 open-pollinated peach and plum lines selected from a 7-year-old peach tree short life (PTSL) field test. Lovell and Nemaguard seedling rootstocks were also budded as controls. The trees were planted in 1989 on a non-fumigated PTSL site near Columbia. South Carolina. Highly significant differences in bloom date, trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA), suckering, bacterial canker infection, and PTSL death were found among the rootstock/scion combinations after four years. Bloom dates when compared to trees on Lovell were advanced by 1-6 days with trees on Blue Goose and BY7446 plums blooming the earliest. Scion TCSA on BY520-8 and BY520-9 peach rootstocks was significantly greater than on Lovell. The plum rootstocks BY7446, Blue Goose, and Edible Sloe had the smallest TCSA. Nemaguard, BY7446, and Edible Sloe had significantly more suckers per tree than Lovell. BY520-9 and Edible Sloe trees had significantly less bacterial canker infection than Lovell. BY520-9, BY7446, and Edible Sloe had the lowest PTSL mortality, and thus hold the most promise as potential rootstocks to replace Lovell on PTSL sites.

Physiological responses of cold-stressed blue and snow phase Lesser Snow Goose goslings

A comparison of cold-stressed Lesser Snow Goose (Chen caerulescens caerulescens) goslings revealed that the metabolic rates of light-colored (snow) and dark-colored (blue) goslings did not differ when they were measured in the dark. Small differences in plumage insulation (higher in snow goslings) and core body temperature (lower in blue goslings) seemed to balance each other so that there was no difference in rates of thermogenesis between morphs. We conclude that physiological thermoregulation does not compensate for potential differential radiative heat loads between the morphs.

Scanning Behavior of Finches in Mixed-Species Groups

Journal Article Scanning Behavior of Finches in Mixed-Species Groups Get access James W. Popp James W. Popp University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Field Station, 3095 Blue Goose Road, Saukville. WI 53080 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Condor, Volume 90, Issue 2, 1 May 1988, Pages 510–512, https://doi.org/10.2307/1368587 Published: 01 May 1988 Article history Accepted: 04 January 1987 Received: 09 October 1987 Published: 01 May 1988

Votes on the birds and large mammals of the upper Blue Goose River Basin, southwestern Baffin Island, Northwest Territories

Votes on the birds and large mammals of the upper Blue Goose River Basin, southwestern Baffin Island, Northwest Territories

Joseph Dewey Soper, 1893-1982

... Dewey Soper is a man of action and acuity, in a particular sense l'homme engage, second to none as a pioneer of the North whose courage, industry and initiative inspire us to find our country and extend all its benefits into our lives. Those well-chosen words stand today as an epitaphic tribute to a man who spent the early years of his career in arctic exploration and a lifetime in the study of natural history and in pursuit of scientific knowledge. ... - he was an outdoorsman first and his vocations and avocations stemmed from this prerequisite. ... In the context of his lifespan, arctic explorations occupied a small segment of his 89 years, yet they left an indelible imprint on his life and in his own mind forever stood as the pinnacle of his achievements. His three expeditions were conducted in 1923, 1924-26 and 1928-31. The latter two took him to southern Baffin Island and comprised eleven separate journeys of exploration. ... Viewed in perspective - considering the lack of modern equipment and the unsophisticated means of communication and travel - those ventures into the interior and across Baffin Island were remarkable conquests. ... Soper's successful crossing and return in January-February, 1926, covered 1050 kilometres. His courage and determination are reflected in two sentences from his own writings: I still feel extraordinary admiration for the splendid efforts of Akatuga and Newkequak who endured so much fatigue and suffering without a murmur, and what seemed the incredible hardship for the dogs. It is impossible to forget the frightful cold of 70° below zero as we forged our way over the frozen Lake Nettilling and across the Great Plain of the Koukdjuak to Foxe Basin and back to the east In 1929, newspapers published accounts of J.D. Soper and his successful six-year, 30 000-mile search for the nesting grounds of the blue goose. ... The location of the nesting grounds of the blue goose had been a mystery to naturalists.... In 1926 he met an Inuk hunter on the Tikkuut Islands ...who claimed that he knew the exact area where kungovik nested. Later another Inuk at Cape Dorset corroborated the story: the location was Bowman Bay on the west coast. ... Assignments that followed his return to the south included a two-year wildlife survey of Wood Buffalo Park ..., [and] Chief Federal Wildlife Officer for Alberta, Yukon and Northwest Territories. ... Soper was a prolific writer. ... - over 130 research papers, monographs and general-interest articles appeared in a variety of publications. ... In the years that followed his official retirement he continued to do field work, usually alone and in remote wilderness camps. ... He enjoyed sketching and watercolour painting, and much of his art was used to illustrate his writing. ... One quality that set him apart from so many of his peers was that he retained his boyish enthusiasm for the natural world to the end of his life. He only hung up his boots and binoculars for good when failing health forced him into hospital. ...

The Biogeochemistry of Blue, Snow, and Ross' Geese, by Harold C. Hanson and Robert L. Jones

The Biogeochemistry of Blue, Snow, and Ross' Geese, by Harold C. Hanson and Robert L. Jones

The Biogeochemistry of Blue, Snow, and Ross' Geese

The Biogeochemistry of Blue, Snow, and Ross' Geese

DISTRIBUTION OF THE ANSERINE BIRDS FOUND IN THE JAPANESE ISLANDS

Addition No. IV of the present article contains some newly recorded localities of the Japanese Anserine Birds, mostly known from the years between 1975 and 1976. It includes 4 interesting species such as the Blue Goose (Anser c. caerulesence), the Javan Tree Duck (Dendrocygna javanica), Canvasback (Aythya valisineria) and the Surf Scoter (Melanitta perspicillata).

Observations of Wild Hybrids between Canada and Blue Geese

Observations of Wild Hybrids between Canada and Blue Geese

Recent Sightings of Blue Geese in Washington

Recent Sightings of Blue Geese in Washington

A HEMATOLOGICAL STUDY OF SNOW, BLUE, AND CANADA GEESE

Hematological values, including erythrocyte counts, hematocrit and hemoglobin values, and total and differential leucocyte counts, were measured at approximately 30-day intervals during a calendar year in adult snow (Chen caerulescens), blue (Chen caerulescens) and Canada geese (Branta canadesis interior). Blood samples from approximately 10 birds (range 3–14) of each type of goose were examined at each bleeding period. Erythrocyte counts for snow and blue geese were very similar and slightly higher than those recorded for Canada geese. Seasonal trends were evident for erythrocyte, hematocrit, and hemoglobin measurements. The highest erythrocyte counts occurred during the winter and spring; the lowest during the summer. Hematocrit and hemoglobin values were highest in the winter and early spring and at their lowest level in the fall. Total and differential leucocyte counts revealed no obvious species or seasonal variations. There were no hematological differences detected between males and females. This i...

White Geese Intermediate between Ross' Geese and Lesser Snow Geese

THIS paper describes white geese with morphological characteristics between the Ross' Goose (Chen rossii) and the Lesser Snow Goose (Chen hyperborea hyperborea). Although the parentage of these white geese is unknown, they apparently represent the hybridization of Ross' Geese and Lesser Snow Geese in the wild. Johnsgard (1960) analyzed the occurrence of intratribal hybridization among Anserini based primarily on hybrids reported by Gray (1958). Ross' Goose is known to hybridize in captivity with both the Blue Goose (Chen caerulescens) and Lesser Snow Goose (Sibley, 1938; Gray, 1958: 53). Intergeneric hybrids have been reported from avicultural collections between the Ross' Goose and the domesticated Greylag Goose (Anser anser), Emperor Goose (Philacte canagicus), and Cackling Goose (Branta canadensis minima) by Sibley (1938), and the Red-breasted Goose (Branta rujicollis) by Scott (1951: 38). Sibley (1938) also documents the intertribal hybridization of a captive Ross' Goose and Blue-winged Goose (Cyanochen cyanopterus). Wild hybrids of Ross' Geese and these species have not been reported. Scientific nomenclature follows the A.O.U. Check-list (A.O.U., 1957), although taxonomic revisions of the Anatidae suggested by Delacour and Mayr (1945), Delacour (1954), and Johnsgard (1968) have been accepted by an increasing number of waterfowl biologists. Terminology and concepts of hybridization conform with the definitions and descriptions of Mayr (1963) and Short (1969). The term intermediate is used to denote the apparent hybrids of Ross' Geese and Lesser Snow Geese.

Factors affecting blue goose nesting success

Blue geese at McConnell River, N.W.T., lost 20% of eggs, mostly late in incubation. Parasitic jaegers and herring gulls were attracted to the colony and were efficient at finding eggs although geese defended their nests strongly. Since egg loss could only occur in the absence of both geese, jaegers, and gulls acted as scavengers rather than predators. Factors causing desertion were the true causes of egg loss. These may have been inexperience of younger geese, or starvation during incubation.During nesting, geese had very little to eat and lost about 25% of spring weight. While the birds were fasting, weight loss is a function of heat loss, in turn controlled by weather conditions. The relationship between heat loss and several weather parameters was determined by means of a water-heated model goose in a simulated environment. This relationship allowed prediction of heat loss, and hence weight loss, from air temperature, wind speed, incident radiation, and goose surface temperature.Severe weather could result in considerable weight loss and it is suggested that this impaired the goose's ability to incubate steadily. Extreme weight loss could result in death, and many nesting geese were found apparently starved during the hatch.

Food Selection Experiments with Young Geese

Young Canada geese (Branta canadensis) and blue geese (Chen caerulescens) were tested experimentally for food preferences among six speces of grasses and sedges. Fifty-cm2 sods of two plant species were presented to two goslings in a test enclosure. The time intervals that individual birds spent feeding on each sod during a 90-minute test were recorded. Two pairs of goslings of each species were tested against all pair combination of the six plants. Each species show significant preference for some plants over others, and the preferences of the two species were demonstrably different. Faults in experimental design are discussed, and it is shown that results cannot be extended directly to free-ranging wild geese. Five species of geese nest on the coastal plains and larger islands of western and northern Hudson Bay. During the brood rearing period, two or more species may frequently be observed grazing together, apparently from a common food supply. This experiment, part of a broad study of food resources and their use by nesting geese, was designed to discover if young Canada and blue geese developed preferences for a restricted range of the available plant species, and, if so, whether the preferences differed between species. In food preference studies involving seeds, it is standard procedure to present test animals weighed amounts of seeds and either to record the order of disappearance (Michael and Beckwith 1955), or the weight differences after a given period of time (McFarland and George 1966). Because both species of geese were eating aerial parts of green vegetation, neither of these approaches was deemed suitable for the present test. In order to maintain the most natural conditions, geese were presented with fresh intact plants still rooted in sod. Although the six plant species tested were all identified in the feces of free-ranging geese, the principal criterion for choosing these species was their availability in sufficient pure stands to provide sods for the experiment. Description of the test plants appears in Table 1. This study was supported by contracts from the Canadian Wildlife Service, and by grants from the National Research Council of Canada, The Wildlife Management Institute, and the Arctic Institute of North America. The generous support of all these agencies is gratefully acknowledged. We wish also to thank R. Jones, T. T. McNulty, M. Harvey, P. Prevett, and W. Baumann or their assistance during the experiments. Special thanks are due to H. Boyd who reviewed manuscript.

Fowl Cholera in Waterfowl at Squaw Creek National Wildlife Refuge, Missouri

An epizootic of fowl cholera (Pasteurella multocida), in lesser snow geese (Chen h. hyperborea), blue geese (Chen caerulescens), mallards (Anas platyrhynchos), and other waterfowl occurred on Squaw Creek National Wildlife Refuge, Holt County, Missouri, during early January, 1964. More than 1,000 geese died in one night. Symptoms and previous case histories of fowl cholera, an infrequently reported disease among wild waterfowl, are reviewed. Pertinent field observations and methods of diagnosis are described. Observations indicated that mallard ducks were the probable early carriers of the disease. Snow, blue, and small Canada geese (Branta c. hutchinsii) were quite susceptible while large Canada geese (Branta c. interior and maxima) were not involved. Stresses caused by limited open water, overcrowding of birds, and inclement weather may have been conducive to the epizootic. Direct mortality from fowl cholera on wintering areas is not indicative of total mortality. Losses may continue along the migration routes. Secondary effects may result in loss of productivity. This paper describes an epizootic of fowl cholera (Pasteurella multocida) in lesser snow and blue geese and other waterfowl on Squaw Creek National Wildlife Refuge, Holt County, Missouri, during late 1963 and early 1964. Fowl cholera is a serious disease of domestic fowl, but it is infrequently reported as an epizootic disease of wild waterfowl. The earliest documented record of fowl cholera in wild ducks was reported by Quortrup et al. (1946) in Texas. Petrides and Bryant (1951) reported that periodic outbreaks of fowl cholera among ducks have occurred there since. The largest reported losses occurred in California where Sperry (1949 unpublished report filed at Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, Maryland) estimated a die-off of 36,000 ducks. Rosen and Bischoff (1950) reported losses of coots, ducks, and gulls to Pasteurella multocida over a broad coastal area near San Francisco Bay. More recently, in Maine, a fowl cholera outbreak in eider ducks (Somateria mollissima) was reported by Gershman et al. (1964). The absence of signs of disease before death from fowl cholera has been recorded in numerous cases. Curtice (1902) reported a case in domestic geese where some specimens in prime condition were found dead with scarcely any appearance of previous sickness. Quortrup et al. (1946:99) observed that 10 minutes before death, ducks were apparently in good health except that normal reflexes were not as sensitive as in healthy birds, and they did not become frightened so easily. They also noted, Many birds died with their heads up in a natural sitting position and rigor mortis was immediate. Rosen and Bischoff (1949: 186) observed ducks in normal flight or in loafing attitudes, or else the carcasses were seen floating on the ponds or lying along the shoreline. Barger et al. (1958) reported that, when the disease was very acute, the first indication of infection was the finding of dead chickens that had not shown any signs before death. They also found that ex1 This project was supported by Federal Aid to Wildlife Restoration, Surveys and Investigation Projects, Missouri 13-R; by funds from the Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Missouri; and by funds from the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, Squaw Creek National Wildlife Refuge.