Blood Volume In Group Research Articles

Influence of tobacco smoking on the functional state of the male cardiovascular system

The paper presents the data on functional state of the male cardiovascular system, depending on the period of tobacco smoking. The analysis of the research results shows that tobacco smoking leads to a significant increase in heart rate, blood pressure, pulsatility, average dynamic arterial pressure, minute blood volume, and circulatory efficiency ratio. Gradually increasing, the heart rate reached a maximum value of 86.6 (P <0.001) beats per minute in the group with over 20 years of smoking, while in the control group it was 73.2.The highest level of systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 138.7 (P<0.001) and 88.8 (P<0.001) mm Hg. in the group of smokers with the smoking experience of more than 20 years, while in non-smokers the indicators were 114.1 and 73.9, respectively. The maximum level of pulsatility was 49.9 (P<0.001) and that of average dynamic arterial pressure — 109.8 (P<0.001) mm Hg., identified in the group of smokers with over 20 years of smoking, while the initial levels were 40.2 and 90.8, respectively. The range of systolic blood volume between the groups was 4.3 ml. Minute blood volume in groups of men under 20 years and over increased to 4.11 (P <0.01) and 4.06 (P <0.02) l/min, while in the group of non-smokers it accounted for 3.69. The increase in the duration of tobacco smoking led to a slight increase in peripheral resistance. As the smoking period lengthens, the circulatory efficiency value undergoes a gradual increase, reaching a maximum value of 4,323 (P <0.001) in the group with over 20 years of smoking, while in the control group it was 1,898. The difference between the maximum and minimum circulatory efficiency values between the experimental male groups was 1.3.

Optimal release timing of temporary drain clamping after total knee arthroplasty

BackgroundBleeding control is critical after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the optimal time to release the clamped drain after TKA.MethodsWe performed unilateral TKA in 120 patients using three methods of drainage. Group A (N = 40) had a 3-hour clamp applied, and group B (N = 40) had a 4-hour clamp applied. Group C (N = 40) underwent conventional negative drainage. We evaluated the drainage volume, as well as the hemodynamic markers, transfusion volume, visual analog scale (VAS) scores, and range of motion (ROM).ResultsThe drained blood volume in groups A and B was significantly less than that in group C. No significant difference was found between groups A and B. The level of hemoglobin in group A was significantly higher than that in group C at 2 days after surgery. The ROM of groups A and C was larger than that of group B at 5 days after surgery. Furthermore, the VAS scores of groups A and C were significantly lower than those of group B at both 2 and 5 days after surgery.ConclusionsThe temporary drain clamping method after TKA significantly reduced the volume of bleeding and blood transfusion. The 3-h clamping method reduced the drained volume as effectively as the 4-hour clamping method and resulted in less acute phase pain and more rapid recovery of ROM than the 4-hour clamping method. In conclusion, we recommend 3-h clamping after TKA as the optimal release time to reduce blood loss and acute phase pain.

Comparative analysis on different surgeries in the treatment of elderly patients with femoral neck fracture

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of hemiarthroplasty （HA）, total hip arthroplasty （THA） and open reduction and internal fixation in the treatment of elderly patients with femoral neck fracture.Methods A total of 149 cases of elderly patients with femoral neck fracture were collected, 53 cases underwent HA （group A）, 41 cases underwent THA （group B） and 55 cases underwent open reduction and internal fixation （group C）. Operating time, volume of blood loss in the surgery, time of staying in bed and 1-3 years of follow-up clinical efficacy of the three groups were observed and analyzed with Harris hip scores. Results The time of staying in bed of A and B was shorter than that of C group with significant difference （P〈0.05）; the operation time and the blood volume of group A and B were more than those of group C with significant difference （P〈0.05）; Harris score of group A, B and C were （893±6.5）、（86.2±5.8）、（84.4±4.4）; respectively, the good rate of group A, B and C were 94.34 %, 85.4 % and 64.8 % respectively, Harris score andgood rate of group A and B compared with group C with significant difference （P〈0.05）. Conclusions HA and THA were better than internal fixation operation in surgical injury and Harris score, we recommended HA and THA with fracture type, patients state and economic conditions allowed. Key words: Hemiarthroplasty; Total hip arthroplasty; Internal fixation; Femoral neck fracture