Concentration Of Testosterone In Blood Serum Research Articles

Influence of Different Feeding Ratio of Pomegranate Peels Powder on Testicular Dimensions, Body Weight and Testosterone Concentration in Karadi Male Lambs

The current study was presented to conclude the influence of different ratio of pomegranate peel powder (PP) in feed of Karadi male lambs, they divided to 4 groups (0% as a control, 1% treatment 1, 2% treatment 2 and 4% as treatment 3), on scrotal circumference (SC), scrotum height (SH), body weight (BW) and blood serum testosterone concentration (T). In this study, sixteen (16) of Karadi male lambs used with 24.30 ± 0.40 kg weight and with 4-5 months old, all lambs have been randomly divided equally into four (4) groups and individually penned in a box for during 63 days. Results in our study showed that SC was significantly different and recorded higher 17.875±0.54 cm in group that fed on 1% PP, also SH recorded higher and significant different in group fed on 1% PP compared with other groups 10.000±0.32 cm. Average blood serum testosterone reduces in all groups compared to control group that fed on 0% of PP (11.418±0.15 n.mol/L). Final body weight in our study had significantly different (P < 0.05) between groups, 1% PP recorded higher weight (34.9 ± 0.58) kg. Each average daily gain, total body gain and initial body weight had not significant different in all groups. Correlation coefficient between SC, SH, blood serum testosterone concentration and final BW computed and ranged between (-0.397 to + 0.914).

Репродуктивні якості свинок різних порід

Intensive managing of the pig industry requires the use of specialized high productive breeds of pigs, at the same time demanding the creation of optimal conditions for feeding and retention to show their reproductive capacity, especially at the beginning of their sexual cycle. The purpose of the study was to investigate the correlation between the reproductive qualities of gilts of different breeds with their hormonal background during the sexual cycle. The experiment was performed on clinically healthy pigs, selected on the principle of analogues in two experimental groups of 5 heads in each: the Pietrain breed and Large White breed. The evaluation of the hormonal status of pigs was carried out based on the results of the determination of the concentration of testosterone and estradiol in blood serum during diestrus and 24 hours after the establishment of standing reflex (estrus). Artificial insemination (intracervical) of the pigs was carried out after 24 and 36 hours after the establishment of a standing reflex, depending on the manifestation of the signs of the oestrus. The evaluation of reproductive qualities of the pigs was carried out according to their fertility, multiplicity and mass of piglets at weaning at two months of age. The experimental data obtained during our study testifies that the breed factor significantly influenced the time of the onset of the first oestrus - in the Large White breed on the 145th, and the Pietrain breed - on the 166th day of development of the pigs. With an increasing in the number of sexual cycles, in general, there was a normalization during the second sexual cycle in the direction of reduction - in the Large White breed - to 24 days, and the Pietrain breed – to 27 days. It was established that the pigs of Large White breed are fertilized by 15% better than pigs of Pietrain breed. The revealed differences are due to the peculiarities of their hormonal background. Thus, the factor of the genotype had a significant effect on the reduction of the testosterone content in the period of the oestrus by 16.6% in the Large White breed, while in the Pietrain breed - increasing of level of this hormone by 37.5%. The concentration of estradiol in the excitation phase increases almost equally in animals of both breeds, against a background of a sharp decrease (in comparison with diestrus) of the level of progesterone in the pigs of a Large White breed in 4 times (p <0.01), Pietrain breed in 3.2 times (p <0.05). A more pronounced relationship between the level of hormones with individual reproductive qualities in the piglets of the Pietrain breed, relatively to the Large White, was noted. The existence of a significant correlations between the level of progesterone in the piglets of the first genotype with the number of piglets at birth (r = 0.79), weaning (r = 0.68) and weight of the nest at 60 days of age (r = 0.70) were established. In sows of Large White breed, a significant effect of blood serum testosterone concentration on live weight of piglets at birth (r = 0.79) was founded.

Serum testosterone concentration in surgically castrated Black Bengal goats

The experiment was carried out to detect the blood serum testosterone concentration after orchiectomy in Black Bengal bucks (Capra hircus). Twelve apparently healthy bucks of 8 - 10 months old were randomly divided into two groups. Group A were castrated surgically through open uncover method and group B remained intact. Local analgesia (2% lidocaine hydrochloride) @ 0.5 mL per spermatic cord and 0.5 mL at the tip of each scrotum were applied initially in all bucks. After aseptic preparation, incision was given at the tip of the scrotum and tunica vaginalis was incised to exteriorize the testis. Anchoring was done at the spermatic cord followed by orchiectomy. The scrotal raphe was incised to reach the other testis and the same procedure was followed. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein before orchiectomy and on day 30. In the castrated bucks, serum testosterone concentration was significantly (P&lt;0.01) decreased from day 0 (6.1 ± 0.2 ng/mL) to day 30 (0.6 ± 0.0 ng/mL), which confirmed the efficacy of castration.Bangl. vet. 2016. Vol. 33, No. 2, 71-77

Detecting reproductive system abnormalities of broiler breeder roosters at different ages.

The objective of this study was to detect the reasons of rooster's fertility decrease at 50weeks of age. Therefore, the reproductive system of broiler breeder roosters was laparoscopic, macroscopic and histopathology evaluated, and a comparison of the anatomical aspect with the sperm analysis and birds' age was realized. Cobb roosters (n=59) were distributed into two groups (30 and 50weeks). Evaluations were performed with laparoscopy, macroscopy and histopathology, and seminal quality, blood serum testosterone concentration and weight were also determined. The old roosters presented smaller testicle size, higher intensity epididymal lithiasis and lower testicle sperm production, compared to the young roosters. The use of the endoscope could easily distinguish a normal-sized testicle than an atrophic one. Four old roosters with severe testicular atrophy did not show spermatogenesis, although three still had sperm in the ejaculate. This would falsely indicate a wrong diagnosis of normal fertility before the testicular atrophy took place. In conclusion, in addition to the weight increase with age, the testicular atrophy and impairment of sperm production seemed to be the main reason to the decrease in the rooster's fertility at 50weeks of age. Therefore, the use of the laparoscopy as a way to detect the roosters with testicular atrophy before 50weeks of age and their removal from them flock could be useful as a diagnostic tool to prevent the birds' fertility loss.

89 MALE-TO-FEMALE SEX REVERSAL IN WOLF DERIVED FROM SOMATIC CELL NUCLEAR TRANSFER WITH 78,XY KARYOTYPE

Normal sexual differentiation relies on a complex cascade of numerous genes, many of which have yet to be identified. Gene defects can cause disorders of sexual development with varying severity. Among them, SRY (sex-determining region on Y chromosome) genes are involved in the early steps of maleness determination. In human, mutations of the SRY gene have been diagnosed in up to 20% cases of females with XY karyotype. There have been a few instances of intersexuality such as true hermaphrodites or pseudo hermaphrodites, but no reports yet in canid of XY male-to-female sex reversal. Recently, we reported the cloning of endangered male gray wolves (Canis lupus) from somatic cells collected postmortem (Oh HJ et al. 2008 Theriogenology). In this study, the 3 wolves were delivered with normal karyotype (78,XY), but 1 wolf had female external genitalia such as a vulva and clitoris. For further diagnosis, we conducted macroscopic, radiologic, surgical, histological, and cytogenetic study. On gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulation test, the blood serum testosterone concentration was low (&lt;1 ng mL–1). Imaging diagnosis by radiography in the form of uterogram and by ultrasonography revealed a normal uterus and bilateral ovary-like structures located caudal to the kidney. During exploratory laparotomy, we found a normal uterus and bilateral ovary-like mass. Histopathological analysis showed the uterus and ovary to be normal, but no evidence of the presence of testicular tissue. The molecular analysis of the SRY genes with a direct DNA sequencing technique detected nucleotide changes more than one position in this affected animal compared with that of the control groups (cell donor and other female litter mates) although at a low rate. However, we did not yet analyze the nature of this mutation such as amino acid change, location within gene, protein function, and so on, so it will be needed further studies. These results indicate that this abnormal sex development of the studied wolf was probably caused by SRY gene mutations. Herein, we reported the case of a cloned wolf with normal ovaries and uterus having a 78,XY karyotype. Further studies are required to elucidate whether this mutation in the SRY gene could impair the normal function of the SRY protein. This study was financially supported by the Korean MEST, through KOSEF (grant # M10625030005-08N250300510) and the BK21 program for Veterinary Science, and SNU foundation(Benefactor; RNL BIO)/Hanwha L&amp;C.

Testosterone secretion in young and adult buffalo bulls

Studies were conducted to determine the 24-hour fluctuations in blood serum testosterone concentration in adult buffalo bulls, and to measure testosterone secretion before and after GnRH administration in male buffaloes of different age groups. Testosterone levels in three sexually mature bulls ranged from 0.2 to 2.7 ng/ml with a mean of 0.6 ± 0.2 ng/ml. Samples collected in November had significantly higher (P<0.05) testosterone than those drawn in February (dry season) as did samples collected during the day as opposed to the night. Sera testosterone concentrations were lower in younger bulls with a range of 0.2 to 0.6 ng/ml. GnRH induced an increase in testosterone in 6, 12, 24 and 36-month old bulls with the greatest response being observed at 36 months. GnRH did not elicit a response in one-month old bulls. It may be concluded that baseline sera testosterone concentrations in buffalo bulls, as well as responsiveness to GnRH injection, increase with sexual maturity and are subject toseasonal and diurnal variations.