Blood Pressure In Study Group Research Articles

Evaluation the role of supplementation of oral zinc on systolic and diastolic blood pressure in type 2 diabetic patients

Background: Zinc is an important trace element and a potent antioxidant. Its deficiency causes a common comorbidity with numerous chronic diseases including hypertension and diabetes mellitus, associated with development and progression of various complications. Objective: The present study has been undertaken to evaluate the effects of zinc supplementation on blood pressure in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: This prospective interventional study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka between January 2016 to December 2016. In this study, a total number of 46 diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients of both sexes were selected with age ranging from 40 to 55 years. Among them, 26 type 2 diabetic patients with supplementation of oral zinc (40mg/day) for 12 weeks were considered as study group (Group B). Another 25 age matched type 2 diabetic patients without supplementation of oral zinc were considered as control group (Group A) for comparison. All subjects were selected from Outpatient Department of Endocrinology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Their blood pressure (BP) was measured and serum zinc level was estimated by Spectrophotometric method accordingly. These parameters were studied 2 times in all subjects of control and study groups i.e. at the beginning of study (base line) and after 12 weeks of study period. Data were collected in pre-designed structured questionnaire form by the researcher herself. For statistical analysis, paired Student’s ‘t’ test and unpaired Student’s ‘t’ test were performed as applicable using SPSS for windows version 22.0. Results: In this study, after zinc supplementation resulted in a significant (p<0.001) decrease in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in study group but there was no significant change observed in control group. Conclusions: After analyzing the results of the study, it can be concluded that oral zinc supplementation can be useful for improving blood pressure in type 2 diabetic patients. Central Medical College Journal Vol 7 No 1 January 2023 Page: 41-46

Effects of Listening to Music During Blood Pressure Check in Primary Care Clinic Settings

Background: Nearly half of adults in the United States (47% or 116 million) have hypertension and only 1 in 4 adults (24%) have their blood pressure under control. In 2020, more than 670, 000 death had hypertension as contributing cause. Listening to sounds of music can lead to reduction in blood pressure which was demonstrated in previous studies. To our knowledge it is the first study done in busy clinical practice with control group evaluating effects of 30 to 50 seconds of listening to music while blood pressure measurement was repeated. Methods:102 consecutive patients seen in primary care clinic from October 4, 2022, through December 14, 2022, were verbally consented to listening to the solo saxophone music while blood pressure measurement was repeated after initial blood pressure measurement revealed systolic blood above 139 millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure above 89 mmHg. They were compared to 100 consecutive control patients, who were presented to clinic at the same time with the same blood pressure elevation parameters for medical assistant blood pressure check and no music intervention was done when blood pressure was repeated. Results:Systolic blood pressure drop in the study group with music intervention was 29.26 mmHg compared to 11.17 mmHg in control subjects ( P value .006) and diastolic blood pressure drop was from 5.99 mmHg to 3.98 mmHg ( P value .03). When separated by gender large systolic blood pressure drop was seen in control group in female patients 30.52 mmHg compared to controls 11.4 ( P value .002) but diastolic blood pressure did not drop significantly 5.43 mmHg to 4.41 mmHg decrease ( P value .184). Male subjects had significant drop in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in study group compared to control: 24.68 mmHg to 10.71 mmHg ( P value .001) and 8 mmHg to 3.71 mmHg ( P value .02), respectively. Conclusion: No significant extra time was required to implement recorded on smart phone music during repeat blood pressure check, which lead to significant improvement in blood pressure levels which could be lifesaving, taking into consideration harmful effects of the elevated blood pressure. This practice could be implemented in many busy primary care clinics and could lead to more relaxing patients’ experience and better blood pressure control. Patients may be advised to consider listening to music as a stress reduction in post pandemic time.

Impact of Peroperative Intravenous Lidocaine on Postoperative Analgesia in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the outcome of peroperative intravenous lidocaine in reducing the intensity of postoperative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.This prospective randomized clinical trial study was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesiology, Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford Hospital (SSMC MH), Dhaka between April 2014 to September 2014. A total of 80 patients of chronic cholecystitis or cholelithiasis undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy in SSMC MH, Dhaka were consecutively included in the study and were randomly assigned to two study groups. Patients in the study group received I/V lidocaine administration @ 3 mg/kg/h and those in the control group received normal saline (0.9% saline) in the same volume by a different observer. When compared the changes in haemodynamic variables from baseline to endpoint of the study shows that there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of heart rate, systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures except a sudden rise of the parameters at 5 minutes after induction. However, the systolic blood pressure of study group experienced a slight reduction from 30 minutes onwards to the end of the observation and differed significantly from the corresponding SBPs of the control group. The mean BP of both the groups also showed similar trend like systolic BPs.The SpO2 in both study and control groups was maintained at 99 to 100% throughout the study. The study concluded that peroperative infusion of nontoxic dose of lidocaine decreases the intensity of postoperative pain and reduces the postoperative analgesics(inj. Pethidine) requirement without causing any significant adverse effects. Sir Salimullah Med Coll J 2022; 30: 148-154

Comparison of Blood Pressure in Beta Thalassemia Major Patients with that of Control

Introduction and Objectives : β-thalassemia major patients need to have repeated blood transfusions throughout their life for survival, which leads to so many complications. Heart disease is the most important complication and the main determinant of survival in these patients. Our study shows comparison of blood pressure between these patients and that of normal subjects.
 Material and Methods : Present study was a cross sectional type of study and consisted of 100 normal subjects (control group) and 100 patients of beta thalassemia major (study group). Blood pressure was recorded in both the groups using mercury sphygmomanometer and statistical analysis of the observations was done using Z test.
 Results : There was no statistically significant difference in the Systolic blood pressure (SBP) of study group as compared to control group whereas there was a difference in the Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of study group and control group which was statistically significant (p value <0.0001).
 Conclusion : There was an overall reduction in the blood pressure of study group as compared to control group but the difference in SBP was statistically not significant whereas that of DBP was statistically significant.
 Key Words: Beta thalassemia major, Diastolic blood pressure, Systolic blood pressure

Family History, BMI and Sympathetic Hyperactivity in Healthy Offsprings of Hypertensive Parents

Objective
 Hypertension is associated with large and growing health and economic burden of Cardiovascular and renal diseases. Hypertension doubles the risk of cardiovascular disease, including coronary heart disease(CHD), congestive heart failure, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, renal failure and peripheral arterial disease.
 Recent study suggests prevalence of Hypertension is increasing as a consequence of increasing obesity. Both environmental and Genetic factors contribute to the increased prevalence of Hypertension. Obesity and weight gain are strong, independent risk factors for hypertension. Aim of this study was to assess relation between Family history, BMI and autonomic function tests in healthy offsprings of hypertensive parents.
 Method
 The present study was conducted in 35 normotensive healthy offsprings of Hypertensive parents (Study Group) and 35 normotensive healthy offsprings of Nonhypertensive parents (Control Group), in the age groupof 18–21 years, randomnly selected from 1st and 2nd MBBS Students of Shri. BM patil Medical College. Bijapur.
 Results
 There is also significant increase in sympathetic function tests and insignificant increase in the readings of parasympathetic function tests and significant increase in resting Respiratory rate and Resting Systolic Blood Pressure in study group compared to control group.
 Conclusion
 This cross sectional study showed increase in prevalence of cardiac autonomic dysfunction more of sympathetic overactivity in normotensive healthy offsprings of Hypertensive parents, compared to normotensive healthy offsprings of Nonhypertensive parents.

The potential role of short-term heart rate variability tests in identifying risk of hypertension in normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents

Background: Hypertension is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular death and is primarily silent as there is hardly any symptom before target organ damage. Heredity and autonomic nervous system play pivotal roles in pathogenesis of essential hypertension. Aims: To detect early cardiovascular autonomic changes by heart rate variability (HRV) before overt hypertension, among the offspring having family history of essential hypertension. Materials and Methods: 34 normotensive offspring aged 19-24 years with parental history of essential hypertension were included as study group and the control group included 32 age, sex, and body mass index (BMI) matched normotensive offspring having normotensive parents. Resting pulse, blood pressure, and short-term supine HRV was recorded initially followed by standing HRV. Results: A statistically significant increase in resting diastolic blood pressure in study group indicated increased sympathetic tone. Postural stress in the study group revealed a greater increase (P