Blood Pressure In Elderly Women Research Articles

Counseling Hypertension and Giving “Seru Gasipala Juice” In Elderly Women on Gandul Neighborhood 02 Cinere Village, Depok

Background: In the target area in Gandul Village, there were 59 elderly women for the January–March 2023 period; 81.4% of hypertensive elderly women, and 66% did not routine check their health conditions at the nearest health service.
 Objective: Diagram the formulation of problems or needs based on the priority of problems related to non-communicable diseases and women's health throughout their life cycle together with the community.
 Methodology: The data taken was secondary data that we got from Cinere Health Centre. The method for prioritizing problems used the ultrasound method. So we determined problem of hypertension in elderly women was the main problem that occurs in Gandul Village area at this community station.
 Results: It was found that 81.4% of elderly women suffered from hypertension between January and March 2023. Therefore, the group intervened in the form of counseling on hypertension and providing nutrition for Seru Gasipala Juice (celery, orange, and papaya juice), which can help reduce high blood pressure in elderly women.
 Conclusion: Counseling on "Increasing the Knowledge of Elderly Women about Hypertension by Giving Celery, Orange, and Papaya Juice in Gandul Village" can help reduce and prevent high blood pressure. Increased knowledge and skills for health counseling participants about juicing with the lecture method. The empowerment of midwives and cadres in blood pressure monitoring expected to be well realized by giving several examples of how to give celery, orange, and papaya juice.

12주간 저항성운동과 신경 근육 조절운동이 여성노인의 신체조성, 혈압 및 간편 신체기능 검사에 미치는 효과

In the study, 9 neuromuscular control exercise and 10 resistance exercise group among elderly women aged 65 or older were regularly applied with Pedalo for 12weeks and resistance exercise using elastic bands to find out body composition(weight, muscle mass, body fat percentage, BMI) and blood pressure, short physical performance battery(balance, walking speed, lower limb muscle strength). It was intended to provide basic data on the exercise methods and effects of the elderly women, and the following conclusions were obtained through the results of this study. First, there was no significant difference in body composition between neuromuscular control exercise and resistance exercise programs for 12 weeks. Second, there was no significant difference in the changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, but there was a tendency to decrease. Third, among the SPPB items, the exercise group was significantly higher in the change in balance and walking speed. In summary, the 12weeks of neuromuscular control exercise and resistance exercise in this study are thought to be able to maintain positive body composition and manage blood pressure in elderly women, and in particular, neuromuscular control exercise was more effective in improving lower limb functions such as balance and walking speed.

Saturated Fat Intake with Blood Pressure in Elderly Women

The population of the elderly people is increasing from time to time and there is a change in the diseases pattern from infectious diseases to degenerative diseases. One of degenerative diseases that frequently occur in the elderly people is an increased blood pressure or hypertension. This study aims to determine the relationship between saturated fat intake and blood pressure in elderly women. This type of research was quantitative using a cross sectional approach. Samples were taken with a total sampling technique of 40 subjects. Processing data was using The Pearson correlation test. Based on the results of the analysis test, there was no relations between saturated fat intake with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (p-value=0,183 and 0,333). This was because many factors affect blood pressure. The conclusion of this study was that there was no relationship between saturated fat intake with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure.

The effect of oral glucose tolerance testing on changes in arterial stiffness and blood pressure in elderly women with hypertension and relationships between the stage of diabetes and physical fitness levels.

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to assess changes in blood glucose level, blood pressure, and arterial stiffness after a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in elderly women aged over 65 years with hypertension and either normal glycemic control, impaired fasting glucose tolerance, or diabetes mellitus. We also wished to investigate the relationship between stages of diabetes and physical fitness.[Methods] A total of 24 elderly women with hypertension were assigned to a control group (CON; n=7), impaired fasting glucose group (IFG; n=9), and diabetes mellitus group (DM; n=8). In each group, blood glucose level, brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (PWV), and blood pressure were measured at baseline as well as 60 and 120 minutes after a 75 g OGTT. Physical fitness factors such as hand grip strength, balance test, 4 m gait speed test, chair stand test, short physical performance battery, and 6-minute walking test were subsequently assessed.[Results] In all three groups, blood glucose levels were significantly increased at 60 and 120 minutes after a 75 g OGTT. In the DM group, blood glucose levels were significantly higher before and after a 75 g OGTT than in the CON group. In the CON group, PWV was significantly increased at 60 minutes after a 75 g OGTT; however, there were no changes in other groups after glucose ingestion. In the CON group, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly decreased at 60 and 120 minutes after a 75 g OGTT compared to baseline. However, there was no change in blood pressure after ingestion in the DM group. The IFG group had greater grip strength than the CON group; however, there were no differences in other variables between the groups.[Conclusion] After a 75 g OGTT, elderly women with hypertension and diabetes maintain higher blood glucose levels compared to those with hypertension alone. Unlike elderly women with hypertension alone, those with hypertension and diabetes did not show changes in arterial stiffness and blood pressure after a 75 g OGTT. Therefore, elderly women with hypertension and diabetes may not be able to control their blood vessels following a 75 g OGTT due to impaired vascular endothelial function. Moreover, there was no association between diabetes stage and physical fitness in elderly women with hypertension.

Pemberian Aromaterapi Bunga Mawar terhadap Penurunan Tekanan Darah pada Wanita Lanjut Usia di UPTD Panti Sosial Lanjut Usia Tresna Werdha Natar Lampung Selatan

Hypertension is one of the world's number one cause of death. Cases of hypertension were increased approximately 80%, especially in developing countries. The incidence of hypertension in Lampung has 77.521 people in 2014. Then, hypertension was the most prevalent diseases in Social Institutions Elderly, Tresna Werdha, Natar, South Lampung, as many as 32 people (60.37%). Treatment of hypertension could be done with aroma therapy. One of the plants that have function as aroma therapy were roses. The purpose of this study was known the effect of roses aroma therapy to reduction of blood pressure in elderly women in Social Institutions Elderly, Tresna Werdha, Natar, South Lampung, in 2016. This study was a quantitative research, with quasi experimental design, one group pretest-posttest design. Population in this study were all elderly women in Social Institutions Elderly, Tresna Werdha, Natar, South Lampung. Sample total were 32 people. Hypothesis was tested with paired samples t-test. Results of univariate analysis showed that average blood pressure, before and after giving treatment with roses aroma therapy were 121.04 and 113.02, respectively. Results of bivariate analysis showed that roses aroma therapy affected to reduction of blood pressure in elderly women in Social Institutions Elderly, Tresna Werdha, Natar, South Lampung, in 2016 (p-value=0.000).

Observational and mechanistic links between C-reactive protein and blood pressure in elderly women

It is hypothesized that chronic systemic inflammation contributes to the age-related decline in cardiovascular function. The aim of the present study was to combine an assessment of the relationship between the serum level of C-reactive protein (CRP) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure in 108 elderly women (65 and 70 years) with an in-vitro exploration of the effects of CRP on the proliferative and angiogenic potential of endothelial cells exposed to serum in elderly women. Based on the median CRP level in our population, LowCRP (CRP<1.3mg/L) and HighCRP (>1.3mg/L) groups were identified. Body mass index, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were significantly higher in the HighCRP group than in the LowCRP group (p<0.05). The influence of CRP on SBP and DBP remained significant after adjustments for BMI and use of antihypertensive medication (p<0.05). When adjusting for waist circumference the observed influence of CRP on SPB was attenuated (p=0.062). We next evaluated the ability to form capillary tubes (angiogenesis assay) and the proliferation rate of endothelial cells exposed to the sera of elderly women. Increased serum CRP levels were associated with an increased doubling time of endothelial cells (R2=0.39; p<0.05) and decreased capillary tube length (R2=0.30; p<0.05), indicating a reduction in the proliferation rate of endothelial cells and angiogenic potential. In conclusion, chronic inflammation influences blood pressure in elderly women and compromises endothelial cell function, thus contributing to the age-related decline in vascular health.

The Effect of Tai Chi Chuan Training on the Automatic Cardiac Nerve Activity and Blood Pressure in Elderly Women with Hypertension

The Effect of Tai Chi Chuan Training on the Automatic Cardiac Nerve Activity and Blood Pressure in Elderly Women with Hypertension

Acute and chronic effects of resistance exercise on blood pressure in elderly women and the possible influence of ACE I/D polymorphism

This study investigated the chronic effect of blood pressure (BP) and post-exercise hypotension (PEH) during resistance training (RT) and its relation with the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in hypertensive elderly women. Participants were divided into two groups: an experimental group (EG) with exercise and a control group (CG) without exercise. The EG performed one adaptation month and one repetition maximum load (1RM) test at the end of this period. After the first month, the EG conducted a three-month program of RT at 60%, 70%, and 80% of 1RM, respectively, for each month. The CG was evaluated at the end of each month. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure (Microlife BP 3AC1-1) were measured, with the subject in a seated position, during an acute session for both GE and CG as follows: every 5 minutes for 20 minutes at pre-exercise rest, immediately after the resistance exercise and control, and every 15 minutes during 1 hour of recovery after exercise and CG. Analysis of covariance showed reduction in SBP and DBP (P ≤ 0.05) rest values after the RT program. PEH was observed only for the EG in acute sessions, for SBP after the second and third months (P ≤ 0.05), and for DBP after the second and fourth months (P ≤ 0.05). No significant differences in main effects and interaction effects between blood pressure and ACE I/D were observed. The occurrence of chronic reduction of blood pressure and PEH through EG may have a protective effect on the cardiovascular system with no ACE I/D polymorphism influence for this population.

Effects of soy on metabolic biomarkers of cardiovascular disease in elderly women with metabolic syndrome.

This study ascertained the effects of soy, in the forms of textured soy protein (TSP) and soy nuts, on lipid profiles, apolipoproteins, inflammatory and prothrombotic markers, and blood pressure in elderly women diagnosed with metabolic syndrome (MetS). This was a 12-week parallel, randomized, controlled trial conducted in rural health centers of Babol, Iran. Participants were 75 women, ages 60-70 years, who were diagnosed with MetS. Subjects were randomized to one of the following 3 groups: i) soy nut (35 g/d), ii) TSP (35 g/d), and iii) control. Blood biochemical markers measured at baseline and at the end of the study included: triglycerides (TG), cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, VLDL-C, ApoB100, ApoAI, C-reactive protein (CRP), and fibrinogen. Soy nuts significantly improved LDL-C, VLDL-C, and ApoB100levels (P < 0.05), while fewer, significant improvements were observed in these variables in the TSP group compared to mean changes from baseline (P < 0.001). Similar results were found for ApoAI in the treatment groups (P < 0.01). Serum total cholesterol (TC) decreased significantly in the treatment groups compared with the control group (P < 0.005). Differences from the control group in terms of TG, HDL-C, fibrinogen, CRP, and blood pressure were not significant. Both forms of soy improved lipid profiles. The group that consumed soy nuts had greater improvement than the TSP group. Therefore, moderate daily intake of soy may be a safe, inexpensive, and practical method to improve the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and reduce the need for medical treatment. IRCT ID: IRCT 138804212130N1.

Effect of a Public Health Center Exercise Program on Physical Fitness Factors, Body Weight, Body Mass Index and Blood Pressure in Elderly Women

Purpose: The study examined the effect of exercise public health center exercise program on strength, balance, body composition and blood pressure in healthy elderly women. Method: Thirty healthy elderly women were divided into three 12-week exercise groups: Tai-Chi (n=10), silver dance (n=10), and band exercise (n=10). The results were analyzed by two-way repeated ANOVA and paired t-test using SPSS 12.0 program. Results: Body weight and body mass index were significantly decreased in the Tai-Chi and silver dance groups. In addition, there was a significant increase in balance time and reduced diastolic blood pressure in Tai-Chi participant. Grip strength was significantly increased in Tai-Chi and silver dance participants, but there was no effect in the band exercise group. Agility was significantly increased in the band exercise group. Conclusion: Tai-Chi and silver dance may be beneficial to improve fitness of elderly people, although the details remain to be elucidated.

Relationship between the abdominal wall fat index and blood pressure in elderly women: a comparison with the body mass index

Several studies have examined the associations between measurements used to assess obesity, such as the body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and intra-abdominal fat area, and cardiometabolic abnormalities. However, the application of these measures in clinical practice requires more detailed examination in older individuals. The abdominal wall fat index (AFI) is ultrasonographically determined via a vertical scan along the upper abdominal median, to measure the maximum thickness of pre-peritoneal fat at the liver surface and the minimum thickness of subcutaneous fat. Few studies, however, have compared the AFI with the BMI as a measure of obesity. Older women were examined to determine the associations among BMI, AFI and cardiometabolic variables. In 86 asymptomatic women with BMIs of 18.5-29 kg/m2 (mean age+/-SD 77+/-6 years; mean BMI+/-SD 22.7+/-2.5 kg/m2), we measured the following cardiometabolic variables: systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse pressure (PP), plasma glucose, serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In a multiple regression analysis adjusted for all the above cardiometabolic variables, BMI showed a significant negative correlation with age alone, whereas AFI showed a significant positive correlation with DBP and PP. Our results suggest that, compared with BMI, AFI may be useful in identifying blood pressure-related abnormalities, which represent an atherosclerotic risk in older Japanese women.

Protective effects of amlodipine and lacidipine on ovariectomy-induced bone loss in rats

Bone is a dynamic organ system that is directly related to calcium and phosphor metabolism. Imbalance in these two parameters upon aging or menopause leads to osteoporosis. Recently, it was also shown by researchers that high blood pressure in elderly women is statistically associated with decreased bone mineral content at the femoral neck, which may increase the susceptibility to fractures. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of different doses of amlodipine and lacidipine on ovariectomized rat femurs' calcium and phosphor content. Bone calcium and phosphor concentration was measured by a Wavelength Dispersive Spectrometer. Calcium contents of the rat femurs were significantly lower in the ovariectomized group than in the sham group eight weeks after the operation. Amlodipine treatment at doses of 1 and 3 mg/kg significantly increased the calcium ( P < 0.01) and phosphor concentrations ( P < 0.01) in the femurs of ovariectomized rats, compared to those of control (ovariectomized) group. Both doses of lacidipine (1 and 3 mg/kg) also effectively increased calcium concentrations ( P < 0.01) significantly in ovariectomized rats. On the other hand amlodipine treatment at doses of 1 and 3 mg/kg significantly increased the calcium ( P < 0.01) and phosphor concentrations ( P < 0.01) in the femurs of ovariectomized rats compared with those of the sham group. In conclusion, amlodipine and lacidipine improved the bone loss in an ovariectomy induced osteopenic rat model. Our findings suggest that potent calcium channel blockers such as amlodipine and lacidipine have a beneficial effect on bone metabolism, and an antihypertensive effect.

Effect of Age at Menopause on Blood Pressure in Postmenopausal Women

A major mechanism of hypertension in many postmenopausal women is deficiency of female gonadal steroids. A long postmenopausal period may thus represent one factor that influences the prevalence of hypertension because of long periods of estrogen loss. When we conducted a medical survey in northwestern China, we also asked 150 postmenopausal female subjects to provide age at menopause in a questionnaire. Age at menopause ranged from 37 to 57 years for all subjects. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in all subjects were obtained from 24-h ambulatory blood-pressure monitoring. An inverse correlation was identified between age at menopause and SBP and DBP, and a positive correlation was found between postmenopausal period and either SBP or DBP. Blood pressure, age at menopause, and postmenopausal period were not significantly related to body mass index, plasma renin activity, glomerular filtration rate, or urinary excretion values of sodium and potassium. Our results clearly demonstrated that higher blood-pressure levels in postmenopausal women depend on age at menopause and postmenopausal period, but not subjects' age, suggesting that a longer absence of female gonadal steroids represents a major factor contributing to increased blood pressure in elderly women.

Vitamin D and the elderly

This review summarizes current knowledge on vitamin D status in the elderly with special attention to definition and prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency, relationships between vitamin D status and various diseases common in the elderly, and the effects of intervention with vitamin D or vitamin D and calcium. Individual vitamin D status is usually estimated by measuring plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels. However, reference values from normal populations are not applicable for the definition of vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency. Instead vitamin D insufficiency is defined as the lowest threshold value for plasma 25OHD (around 50 nmol/l) that prevents secondary hyperparathyroidism, increased bone turnover, bone mineral loss, or seasonal variations in plasma PTH. Vitamin D deficiency is defined as values below 25 nmol/l. Using these definitions vitamin D deficiency is common among community-dwelling elderly in the developed countries at higher latitudes and very common among institutionalized elderly, geriatric patients and patients with hip fractures. Vitamin D deficiency is an established risk factor for osteoporosis, falls and fractures. Clinical trials have demonstrated that 800 IU (20 microg) per day of vitamin D in combination with 1200 mg calcium effectively reduces the risk of falls and fractures in institutionalized patients. Furthermore, 400 IU (10 microg) per day in combination with 1000 mg calcium or 100 000 IU orally every fourth month without calcium reduces fracture risk in individuals over 65 years of age living at home. Yearly injections of vitamin D seem to have no effect on fracture risk probably because of reduced bioavailability. Simulation studies suggest that fortification of food cannot provide sufficient vitamin D to the elderly without exceeding present conventional safety levels for children. A combination of fortification and individual supplementation is proposed. It is argued that all official programmes should be evaluated scientifically. Epidemiological studies suggest that vitamin D insufficiency is related to a number of other disorders frequently observed among the elderly, such as breast, prostate and colon cancers, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disorders including hypertension. However, apart from hypertension, causality has not been established through randomized intervention studies. It seems that 800 IU (20 microg) vitamin D per day in combination with calcium reduces systolic blood pressure in elderly women.

Nocturnal blood pressure and silent cerebrovascular lesions in elderly Japanese.

We conducted a cross-sectional epidemiological survey using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and brain MRI in a cohort from northern Japan to determine whether an inappropriately low nocturnal blood pressure, or an excess fall in nocturnal blood pressure, might be responsible for silent cerebrovascular lesions in the elderly. Untreated subjects over 55 years and under 64 years of age (late middle age; 24 men and 46 women, 60% of eligible people) and over 65 years and under 75 years of age (elderly; 29 men and 52 women, 91% of eligible people) participated in the study. We evaluated the relationship between the amplitude (Daytime Average-Nighttime Average) or the rate ([Daytime Average-Nighttime Average]/Daytime Average) of the fall in nocturnal blood pressure and the incidence of silent cerebrovascular lesions on MRI (number of lacunar infarctions or extent of periventricular hyperintensity). The amplitude or the rate of the fall in nocturnal blood pressure in elderly women with one or two lacunar infarctions was significantly higher than that in those without such infarctions. There was a significant positive correlation between the amplitude or the rate of the fall in nocturnal blood pressure and the extent of periventricular hyperintensity in the elderly women. This relationship was observed in women, but not in men, of late middle age; this was not seen in elderly men. Results indicate that an inappropriately low nocturnal blood pressure, or an excessive fall in nocturnal blood pressure, is associated with ischemic silent cerebrovascular lesions, at least in elderly women. Treatment of hypertension in such women should be administered with care and with regard to nocturnal blood pressure.

Inverse relation of physical activity and apolipoprotein AI to blood pressure in elderly women

To study the relation of habitual physical activity, diet, and serum lipoproteins to blood pressure, a cross-sectional study was carried out in a cohort of 202 women, age 60-69 yr. Sitting, supine, and standing blood pressure was measured with a standard sphygmomanometer. Physical activity was assessed by questionnaire, diet by food records, serum lipoprotein cholesterol enzymatically, and apolipoprotein AI turbidimetrically. Among the women not taking antihypertensive medication (N = 127), the physically most active (physical activity 5 times per week or more) had sitting diastolic blood pressure of 86 mm Hg (adjusted for high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, body mass index, and cardiovascular health status), which was 8 mm Hg lower (P = 0.007) than in the least active (physical activity twice per week or less) women. Subjects in the highest tertile of apolipoprotein AI (> 1.46 g.l-1) had a mean sitting systolic blood pressure of 147 mm Hg (adjusted for age, body mass index, and cardiovascular health status), which was 16 and 13 mm Hg lower (P = 0.001) than in women in the middle and lowest tertiles (< 1.32 g.l-1), respectively. The present data suggest that, in elderly women, regular physical activity is associated with a clinically significant lowering of diastolic blood pressure. Moreover, a higher level of serum apolipoprotein AI, the major protein component of high-density lipoprotein particles, is inversely associated with systolic blood pressure.

Calcium intake and blood pressure in elderly women.

The authors studied the relative importance of calcium intake as a correlate of blood pressure in a cross-sectional analysis of 6,517 nonblack women aged > or = 65 years from Portland, Oregon; Minneapolis, Minnesota; Baltimore, Maryland; and the Monongahela Valley near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, who enrolled in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures in 1986. Dietary calcium intake was measured by using a modified food frequency questionnaire. There were weak associations between total calcium intake and blood pressure, such that each 1,000 mg/day increase in calcium intake was associated with a 1.5 mmHg decrease in systolic blood pressure (95% confidence interval -2.2 to -0.8, p < 0.0001) and a 0.5 mmHg decrease in diastolic pressure (95% confidence interval -0.8 to -0.20, p < 0.004). After adjustment for confounding variables, total calcium intake continued to have a weak inverse association only with diastolic blood pressure. The multivariate models revealed several stronger independent risk factors for blood pressure, including age, body mass index, alcohol consumption, and level of education (all p < 0.01). The small size of the inverse association between calcium intake and blood pressure limits its biological importance in this population of elderly women.