Blood Management System Research Articles

Blood Management System Using Java with GUI and Array List-based Database

This research paper presents the development of a Blood Management System (BMS) using Java with a graphical user interface (GUI), ArrayList as a data structure for managing records, and file handling for persistence. The system provides an efficient and user-friendly platform for blood donation management, focusing on functionalities accessible to an administrative user (admin) only. Key features include donor data management (adding, updating, searching, deleting), stock management of blood groups, and essential application controls like login/logout and exit functionalities. This system aims to streamline the management of blood banks by providing quick access to critical information such as donor location, blood group, and stock availability. The source code for the Blood Management System is accessible at https://github.com/BloodBankManagment.

Has the frequency of ABO RhD blood groups in Australian blood donors changed as a result of the removal of the variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease-based deferral?

Until 25 July 2022, Australians who had spent more than 6 months in the United Kingdom or territories between 1980 and 1996 were deferred from blood donation due to the risk of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Removal of this geography-based donor deferral on RhD-negative blood availability has not been reported. All donors who donated at least once from 25 July 2022 to 25 July 2023 were included. UK donor status, first-time donor and ABO RhD data were extracted from the National Blood Management System. Data from 566,447 blood donors with a valid ABO RhD result were analysed. Of these, 34,560 were new or returning lapsed donors following removal of the UK donor deferral. The median age [range] in years for all donors was 43 [75] with UK donors being older 53 [70]. There was a higher prevalence of RhD-negative status in UK donors (20.2%) compared with first-time blood donors (15.7%). UK donors were generally older, female and more likely to be RhD-negative. Although UK donors provided a boost to RhD-negative blood collections, the overall prevalence of ABO RhD blood groups in the total Australian blood donor panel remained similar to previous estimates.

Optimizing the Hospital Blood Bank Stock in Korea: A Comparative Analysis of the Uniform 5-Day Stock Index and a Novel Blood Stock Index.

Maintaining optimal blood inventory levels in hospitals is important to prevent blood shortage and wastage. We aimed to provide an efficient blood inventory management strategy for hospital blood banks nation-wide by comparing the current use of 5-day issuable stock (IS) with Lim's IS as a novel target IS. The average and CV of daily usage (DU) were calculated from information entered into Korea's Blood Management System by 194 participating hospitals in 2019 and 2020. Using these data, Lim's IS was calculated by determining the simulated annual average blood shortage day nearest to 1 for each blood group in each hospital. The 5-day IS (5IS) was estimated by multiplying the average DU in 2018 by five to count the shortage days in 2019. The average DU (0.3-231.3 units) and corresponding CV (0.33-7.14) in the participating hospitals were inversely proportional (r=-0.699 to -0.695). The hypothetical averages of 5IS and Lim's IS were 27.0±41.2 and 24.7±20.8, respectively (P=0.006). The shortage days for 5IS and Lim's IS were 8.9±22.7 and 1.0±1.9, respectively (P<0.001). While 5IS was unacceptable for universal application, Lim's IS remained near one shortage day and is considered more efficient than 5IS. Hospitals should implement indicators that consider DU and its variations. This is the first study to introduce Lim's IS as an indicator of optimal blood inventory, and the data are expected to provide guidance for effective blood inventory management nationwide, particularly during blood shortages.

Blood Bank Management System with Emergency Blood Locator

Abstract: The intention of this study is to create a blood management system for Both Android and iOS to help with the administration of blood records, and ease or control the distribution of blood in different parts of the nation based on the hospitals or recipient’s demands. Without quick and timely access to donors, this can lead to the death of the patient. If someone needs the blood, then either the person has to go to the blood bank nearby or else he has to buy the blood from the hospital, but if both places don’t have the blood of the required group, then finding the required blood group might be a tough task in those critical times. This application will help users find and select nearby source online instantly by tracing their location using GPS, and it will also reduce the time spent to a greater extent searching for blood remotely. A digital donor card will be provided to donors, as well as insurance services. Ambulance services will be arranged in case of an emergency

A Successful Patient Blood Management System Implemented during the COVID Pandemic Based on Daily Blood Inventory Levels in a Single Large Oncology Institution

Introduction: The recent pandemic brought to light the fragility of the US Blood Collection system and supply chain disruption. As blood donations declined, blood donor centers (BDC) and blood banks (BB) worldwide reported a significant blood shortage. Our blood donor center had challenges from imposed COVID precautions (social distancing, contact restrictions, donations by appointments only, wearing of PPEs, etc.) to increase blood collections to replace the units transfused daily. The study was to review our Institutional process for development of Covid-19 risk levels-based dashboards which tracked the pandemic and provided risk levels in real time to faulty/staff employees. Methods: As the Blood Inventory decreased daily during the start of the pandemic and ultimately became critical, the Transfusion Service/Blood Bank (TS/BB) would reset and lower the triage Hgb level from 7.0 gm/dl to 8.0 gm/dL based on O pRBC units in inventory. The challenge was to disseminate the blood inventory to all stakeholders, decrease the number of calls/pages to TS/BB/Transfusion Medicine Physician (TMP) on call and be consistent in setting Hgb triage levels. Surgery/Anesthesia required daily inventory to predict cases that would have to be cancelled and rescheduled for possible increased estimated blood loss. As the national/local blood supply shortage became critical especially for O RBC Units, a Blood Shortage Decision Matrix was created in collaboration with our Chief Patient Safety Officer, Chief Administrative Quality Officer and Chief Information Technology Officer teams with a color-coded legend (RED - Hgb <=7.0 gm/dL [Emergencies only], ORANGE- Hgb <=7.0 gm/dL, YELLOW -Hgb <=7.5 gm/dL and GREEN <=Hgb 8.0 gm/dL) illustrating how blood would be triaged based on the O red cells units available in Inventory for transfusion each day (See Table ). Minimal/critical numbers for each blood product/blood group were derived based on logistic regression/machine learning/manual counts from historic usage within the past 2 years. A similar color-coded diagram was used for Platelet Inventory. The blood inventory continues to be reported at the daily morning Department/Divisional (Operations) Tier Readiness Briefings (Institution's Pathway leading to a High reliability Organization) for institution wide dissemination. The TS/BB Information System is linked to real time blood inventory of all blood products entered into the system and provided us with real time inventory except for units that required a second ABO Rh and irradiation. Computer queries were performed for the latest inventory by blood product available and received, total number of Inpatient and Emergency Medicine patients by blood types and their latest hemoglobin values with transfusion orders and transfused currently, patients who were not transfused currently with no active orders and patients who were transfused since last day of transfusion by blood types. Supply Estimates were made for blood products from donors collected at our BDC and blood products that would have to be purchased from outside suppliers. This was to guide decision making for both the BDC to provide blood products to the TS/BB and for the TS/BB to assess how many products needed to be ordered from outside suppliers. Demand estimates were made from historical data, current inpatient census from the EMR inpatient dashboard, number of current inpatients (ICU, Hematologic Oncology, Acute Cancer Care Center etc.) who were O pos (Per Webi query with a real time report run each morning), by location, blood type, hemoglobin level and days since latest hemoglobin level. Data was used to assess how many of the patient groups already met hemoglobin levels designed by the color code chart described above between 7.0 and 8.0 gm/dL which assisted the TS/BB to triage pRBC orders based on Hgb levels set for the colors. Results: The Blood Shortage Decision Matrix since its implementation in October 2021 has allowed clear organizational-wide ownership across all levels of the organization, use of a standardized Blood Inventory management by the TS/BB, improved communications with primary care teams, better understanding of the challenges maintaining an adequate blood supply by the Executive/Administrative Leadership leading to allocation of additional needed resources to the Blood Donor Center/TS/BB and also helps the Institution on its path toward a High reliability Organization. Figure 1View largeDownload PPTFigure 1View largeDownload PPT Close modal

Ehfadhaya (Savelife)/Aatehayah (Givelife): A Blood Donor Website

This research shows the process of creating a blood donation website for Oman.Blood donation is a widespread, crucial, ongoing process, so it is important that this website iseasy to use. Several automated blood management systems are available, but none provides aneffective algorithm that takes into account variables such as frequency of donation, donation date,and gender. In Oman, the Ministry of Health maintains a blood bank and keeps donors informedabout the need for blood through a website. They also inform donors and the wider public whereand when is their next blood donation event. The website's main goals are to educate thecommunity about the benefits of blood donation. It also manages donor and receiverdocumentation and encourages voluntary blood donation by providing easy access to informationabout blood types and blood distribution in various hospitals in Oman, based on hospital needs.

Effect of a Patient Blood Management system on perioperative transfusion practice and short-term outcomes of colorectal cancer surgery.

Patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery may require a blood transfusion. However, blood transfusions are associated with postoperative complications and long-term oncologic outcomes. Patient blood management (PBM) is an evidence-based multimodal approach for blood transfusion optimisation. We sought to investigate the effects of PBM implementation in blood transfusion practice and on short-term postoperative outcomes. This study retrospectively reviewed data from 2,080 patients who had undergone colorectal cancer surgery at a single centre from 2015 to 2020. PBM was implemented in 2018, and outcomes were compared between the pre-PBM (2015-2017) and the post-PBM (2018-2020) periods. A total of 951 patients in the pre-PBM group and 1,129 in the post-PBM group were included. The transfusion rate of the total number of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) used decreased after PBM implementation (16.3 vs 8.3%; p<0.001). The rate of appropriately transfused PRBCs increased from the pre-PBM period to the post-PBM period (42 vs 67%; p<0.001). There was no significant difference in rates of complications between the two groups (23.0 vs 21.5%; p=0.412); however, a reduction in both anastomosis leakage (5.8 vs 3.7%; p=0.026) and the length of stay after surgery (LOS) (10.3±11.2 vs 8.2±5.7 days; p<0.001) was reported after PBM implementation. The PBM programme optimised the transfusion rate in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery. Implementation of the PBM programme had a positive effect on postoperative length of stay and anastomosis leakage while no increase in the risk of other complications was reported.

Ehfadhaya (Savelife)/Aatehayah (Givelife): A Blood Donor Website

This research shows the process of creating a blood donation website for Oman. Blood donation is a widespread, crucial, ongoing process, so it is important that this website is easy to use. Several automated blood management systems are available, but none provides an effective algorithm that takes into account variables such as frequency of donation, donation date, and gender. In Oman, the Ministry of Health maintains a blood bank and keeps donors informed about the need for blood through a website. They also inform donors and the wider public where and when is their next blood donation event. The website's main goals are to educate the community about the benefits of blood donation. It also manages donor and receiver documentation and encourages voluntary blood donation by providing easy access to information about blood types and blood distribution in various hospitals in Oman, based on hospital needs.

A Novel Blockchain-Based Model for Blood Donation System

In Pakistan, existing blood control systems or blood information management systems are limited in terms of efficient data retrieval of donor to consumer. There is no communication network in place for extra blood in one location to be demanded from a region if blood is limited, resulting in blood wastage. Due to a lack of accessibility and sufficient blood quality testing, blood contaminated with illnesses such as HIV has been used for transfusion in some cases. This study proposes a ledger blood management system to address these challenges. The trail has been represented as a supply-chain management problem following the blood. By trailing the blood stream and donation a single platform for transferring blood and the problem results among blood groups, the proposed system, built on the hyperledger fabric model, adds more traceability toward the blood transfusion process. It also helps to reduce unjustified blood wastage by providing an integrated system for transferring lifeblood and the thing extracts among lifeblood banks. A web app is also designed for accessing the network for simplicity of usage and security is enhanced by implementing block chain hyperfebric ledger system through Key Value System (KVS) system.

Factor Responsible for Poor Blood Management System

Blood donation and transfusion has been an ever-serious issue and the shortage of blood throughout the world has caused many people to lose their life. An automated system is required to manage the centers and to showcase the information to the interested parties. We have developed a website that singlehandedly solves all these issues related to blood donation and reception.

Current State of Blood Management Services in Korea.

Blood is lifesaving; however, it can neither be limitlessly acquired nor artificially produced. The supply and use of blood, as an invaluable biological commodity, necessitate systematic and rational management under governmental guidance to ensure safe and reliable transfusions. Despite Korea’s blood donation rate of 5.04%, which is higher than the 3.15% in high-income countries as reported by the WHO, the demand for blood exceeds the availability. This is due to the birthrate decline, dearth of young donors, and growing and aging recipient population. This review outlines the Korean blood management system, with a focus on blood service data from 2020, with the aim to delineate the current state of Korea’s blood management system and the policies established to address the imminent blood shortage. Each policy is described in detail to provide helpful information for blood management services in other countries.

The distribution of ABO RhD blood groups in Australia, based on blood donor and blood sample pathology data

To determine the distribution of ABO RhD blood groups in Australia in 2019. Retrospective analysis of blood group data for blood donors (Australian Red Cross Lifeblood National Blood Management System) and for people whose blood type was determined in samples submitted for analysis by hospital-based or private pathology agencies. All Australian states and territories, 1 January - 31 December 2019. Proportions of donors and patients, by ABO blood group and RhD status. These proportions were compared with published data for 1993-94 first-time blood donors. A total of 1318751 valid ABO RhD blood group results were provided by 28 of 41 invited pathology agencies (including 245 of 324 approved health providers, 76%). Valid ABO RhD data were available for 490491 blood donors, including 103798 first-time donors (21.2%). Blood group prevalence based on samples typed by pathology services was O RhD+, 38.4%; O RhD-, 6.5%; A RhD+, 32.0%; A RhD-, 5.6%; B RhD+, 11.8%; B RhD-, 1.5%; AB RhD+, 3.7%; and AB RhD-, 0.5% (totals: RhD+, 85.9%; RhD-, 14.1%). The distribution based on typing of first-time blood donors was similar. The overall proportion of RhD+ first-time donors rose from 81% in 1993-94 to 83.8% in 2019; the proportion of groups B and AB RhD+ RBC units issued declined from 9.8% in 2010-11 to 6.9% of all RBC units in 2019-20, while that of O RhD- RBC units increased from 11.7% to 17.4%. Our national assessment of ABO RhD prevalence in Australia provides updated information for re-evaluating blood and blood product collection and holdings in light of changes in population demographic characteristics.

Blood Donation in Lebanon: A Six-Year Retrospective Study of a Decentralized Fragmented Blood Management System.

IntroductionIn developing countries, the lack of a sufficient and safe blood supply is a significant impediment to providing health care. Lebanon is notable for its absence of a Donor Management System to ensure continuous donor recruitment and scheduling. Herein, we report the findings of Lebanon's first large retrospective population-based study to investigate blood types and donation that is critical for managing community blood supply.MethodsThe non-remunerated voluntary blood donors were recruited by the non-profit organization “Donner Sang Compter”. The study spanned six years, from August 2015 to May 2021, and included 36,002 people from 18 districts throughout Lebanon's nine governorates.ResultsThe most prevalent blood type was A (42%), followed by O (37.48%), B (13.86%), and the AB group (6.84%). RhD+ groups were predominant (88.45%), with A+ being the most (37.84%) and AB- being the least prevalent (1.05%). Furthermore, blood type and donation profiling revealed a substantial geographical variation in the frequency of blood groups, despite the relatively small country’s area. As for blood donation, when gender and age were considered, young male donors dominated the pool across the country.ConclusionThis study on blood type prevalence and blood donor demographics may pave the way for the development of a more coherent and integrated blood management system in Lebanon, as opposed to the fragmented and decentralized system now in existence. These findings also provide crucial clinical information for the country's future transfusion medicine policies and practices, which is vital in such a precarious part of the world.

Blood Management System based on Blockchain Approach: A Research Solution in Vietnam

More and more new health care solutions are born based on the development of science and technology. The subjects who benefit the most, in this case, are not only patients (i.e., shorter healing time, faster recovery) but also medical staff, e.g., doctors/nurses (i.e., easy monitoring of the patient’s recovery process, proposing new treatment). However, there are still products that have not found an alternative: blood and blood products. Regardless of how science and technology can affect all aspects of patient treatment as well as medical care, blood still plays an important role in the treatment method. In addition to the above, blood and blood products may only be obtained from volunteers (i.e., blood donors). The preservation process is also very difficult, and no medical facility has enough facilities to preserve them. Therefore, the current process of blood preservation and transportation is done manually and contains many potential risks (e.g., data loss, personal information collection). In addition to the above barriers, developing countries (including Vietnam) also face many difficulties due to limited facilities. It is for this reason that this paper aims at a Blockchain-based technology solution for efficient management and distribution of blood from blood products. On the one hand, the paper contributes to the limitations in the information management process of storing and transporting blood and its products in the traditional database being applied in medical facilities in the cities and provinces in the Mekong Delta (the West-South of Vietnam). On the other hand, the article offers technology-based solutions to increase transparency and reduce the fear of centralized data storage (i.e., security and privacy issues). We also implement a proof-of-concept to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed approach.

Blood product utilisation for coronary artery bypass graft surgery at a public and a private hospital in Western Cape Province, South Africa

Numerous studies have documented variation in transfusion practice for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, despite the widespread availability of clinical guidelines. Blood management systems seek to streamline utilisation, with key indicators being patient care and outcome as well as reduction of waste and cost.To facilitate this view, this study sought to audit blood product utilisation for CABG surgery at a private and a public sector hospital in Western Cape Province, South Africa.A retrospective audit of 100 consecutive patients undergoing CABG surgery at a private and a public hospital during 2017 was performed. Blood product use was compared between the two hospitals, and the influence of confounding factors such as gender, weight, age, pre- and intraoperative medications, type and complexity of the procedure, and patient comorbidities was analysed.The proportion of patients receiving red cell concentrates (RCCs) at the public hospital was significantly higher than at the private hospital (92% v. 56%; p&lt;0.001), which resulted in significantly higher postoperative haemoglobin concentrations (p&lt;0.001). Although the increased proportion of RCC transfusion observed at the public hospital may have been influenced by decreased body mass (p&lt;0.001), the patient population at the private hospital was older (p&lt;0.05) and had higher rates of ischaemia (p&lt;0.001), increased numbers of grafts (p&lt;0.001) and higher preoperative use of aspirin (p&lt;0.05).This study demonstrated increased use of blood products at the public hospital, despite performing fewer grafts. Although this study had limitations, which included low patient numbers and the inclusion of only two hospitals, we concluded that there is a significant variation in the use of blood products despite the risks associated with blood transfusion. These findings could be used to employ systems that will lead to improved blood usage practices.

Optimal blood management as priority route in cardiac surgery

Introduction. Generating manifold publications over decades, research continues assessing the burden of perioperative bleeding, preoperative anaemia and red blood component (RBC) transfusion in cardiac surgical patients. The past decade is witnessing a trend towards limited RBC transfusion. Nevertheless, the risk and justifi cation of a restrictive or liberal transfusion strategy in cardiac surgery remain a matter of debate.Aim — a description of evidence estimating the impact of bleeding, preoperative anaemia, red-cell transfusion and restrictive vs. liberal strategies on the risk of mortality and other adverse events in adults with cardiac surgery.Methods. Relevant evidence was mined in PubMed for the period 2012–2019. The query phrases were: cardiac surgery [кардиохирургия], bleeding [кровотечение], preoperative anaemia [предоперационная анемия], red-cell transfusion [переливание эритроцитов], restrictive and liberal transfusion strategy [рестриктивная и либеральная трансфузионная стратегия]. The review includes 18 studies describing outcomes related to bleeding, preoperative anaemia of varying severity and variant-volume RBC transfusion in patients with cardiac surgery. Nine studies comparatively assessed the cardiac surgical clinical outcomes under restrictive and liberal transfusion strategies. A total of 24 full texts have been analysed, one randomised clinical trial (RCT) summary, one retrospective trial summary and one meta-analysis review. Additional studies of concern to discussion have also been considered.Results. One prospective and four retrospective studies evaluated the effect of perioperative bleeding on the risk of subsequent adverse events in patients with cardiac surgery. Three prospective, fi ve retrospective studies and one RCT revealed the association of red-cell transfusion with adverse outcomes. Five retrospective studies exposed a link between preoperative anaemia and reason for RBC transfusions. Six retrospective studies found an independent association between the risk of postoperative complications and mortality in patients having cardiac surgery and preoperative anaemia. Eight RCTs and one meta-analysis of seven RCTs presented comparative data on clinical outcomes of restrictive and liberal transfusion strategies in patients after heart surgery.Conclusion. Preoperative anaemia, haemorrhage and donated component transfusion independently contribute to the risk of serious postoperative complications and death unifying in the “deadly triad” of cardiac surgery. RBC transfusions are integrally indicative of the aid quality in cardiac surgery reflecting the success of blood management system in the hospital. Leveraging a good patient blood management practice at all treatment steps to involve a multispecialty blood-team approach can significantly improve patient outcomes at a higher cost efficiency.

Therapeutic granulocyte infusion for patients with severe neutropaenia and neutrophilic dysfunction: New Zealand experience.

Studies have shown granulocyte transfusions (GTXs) may be beneficial in neutropaenic patients with severe systemic infections. New Zealand Blood Service has a policy for provision of granulocytes to New Zealand's District Health Boards. We set out to explore utilization of therapeutic granulocyte infusions in New Zealand. Patients who received GTXs in the 16-year period between 2000 and 2016 were identified by the New Zealand electronic blood management system, eProgesa. Information pertaining to recipient demographics, disease-related factors, methods of granulocyte collection and clinical outcomes was obtained by the review of electronic transfusion and clinical records. Forty-five septic patients received granulocyte support for a total of 263 days. The median age of the recipients was 16 (range 0-74) years. Seventy-nine percent of the recipients had an underlying haematological malignancy with 50% having acute leukaemia. The median neutrophil count on the last day of GTX was 0.02 × 109 /L (range 0-16.32). Sixty-three percent (27/43 patients with available data) had persisting severe neutropaenia when the GTXs were stopped. The median duration of support was 3 (range 1-32) days. Forty-six percent of granulocyte collections were performed via apheresis. Of the 44 patients, for whom survival outcome was available, 18 (41%) survived the acute illness. GTXs were infrequently used, most commonly in the setting of an underlying haematological malignancy. This may be explained by the current weak evidence base supporting this therapeutic modality. Procuring a sufficiently large dose of granulocytes for infusion remains an issue for adult recipients.

Retrospective evaluation of preoperative anaemia management at a Melbourne metropolitan hospital: a framework for quality improvement

AbstractBackgroundThere is a strong evidence base supporting the implementation of patient blood management systems to treat preoperative anaemia and reduce perioperative transfusions, yet implementation of these systems remains limited. The patient blood management practices at Northern Health are currently under review. This study evaluates the prevalence of anaemia in the Northern Health surgical cohort and determines the current blood management practices of each surgical unit to create recommendations for a hospital‐wide implementation strategy that can be used as a framework for quality improvement in similar metropolitan hospitals.MethodsPreadmission and perioperative data were collected for adults undergoing elective major surgery from orthopaedics, gynaecology, urology, colorectal and hepatobiliary units between April 2018 and March 2019. Data were analysed using the Shapiro–Wilk, the Kruskal–Wallis and Fisher’s exact tests.ResultsA total of 697 patient files were analysed. 14·2% of patients were anaemic at preadmission clinic with 37% of these attributable to iron deficiency. Anaemic patients had a higher rate of transfusion (P &lt; 0·05), length of stay (P &lt; 0·05) and complications (P &lt; 0·05) when compared to non‐anaemic patients. The orthopaedic unit was the best performing in key areas of patient blood management. The orthopaedic unit successfully treated 44% of patients with anaemia, which was more than urology (33%; P &lt; 0·05), colorectal (25%; P &lt; 0·05) and hepatobiliary (0%; P &lt; 0·05).ConclusionThe orthopaedic unit has the most effective method for treating preoperative anaemia. We recommend that a hospital‐wide patient blood management system be modelled from the current orthopaedic system and address specific barriers identified within each unit.

Practical blood transfusion and adverse transfusion reactions

Blood transfusion, which has been conducted as a basic medical procedure since 17th century, is a supportive therapy to compensate loss of each blood component. All blood materials are donated, and alive and subject to decay, type-dependent for transfusion, vary in quality, may induce severe adverse reactions, such as anaphylaxis, and may transmit infectious agents. Therefore, not only the scientific and clinical decisions but also ethical considerations should be focused on for their use. All blood products are determined as "Products Derived from Specific Organism" by the Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices Law in Japan. Of note, blood management systems are different among countries; the Japanese Red Cross Society is a unique organization that collects and manufactures blood products under supervision of the Japanese Government. It establishes a hemovigilant system by which it collects all the information concerning transfusion-related adverse events and provides them to the responsible transfusion service staff of each hospital. Physicians should check all the information from the Japanese Red Cross and refer both the "Guidelines for Blood Transfusion" and "Guidelines for the Usage of Blood Products" by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare for transfusion practice.

Blockchain in Blood Bank Supply Management

Blood Donation is an act of donating healthy blood to needy people. Due to excessive loss of blood, a person may die. Nobody should die from absence of blood. To date there is no pseudo substitution for blood. In this way, blood donation is essential. Blood donation, handling, testing, appropriation and transfusion is a complex, profoundly controlled cycle. Also the supply of blood to the patient isn't secure. The blood doesn't reach to the patient in time. We need to secure amount of blood units, time and supply. To solve these problem, this paper presents a proposed system to secure information visibility and reducing blood supply time by tracking the whole blood donation process using blockchain and improving healthcare transparency and outcomes, driving efficiencies to better match donors with recipients and improve patient outcomes. In this paper, the blockchain technologies offer the possibility to maintain a transparent blood management system, especially since data cannot be counterfeited and tampered with.