Blood Glucose In Type Research Articles

Impact of allulose on blood glucose in type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of clinical trials

ObjectiveThis meta-analysis aims to evaluate the impact of allulose on blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Primary outcomes include postprandial blood glucose, while secondary outcomes are time in range (TIR), time above range (TAR), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and insulin area under the curve (AUC). MethodsA systematic search was conducted across PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Library until May 20, 2024. Randomized controlled trials assessing the effect of allulose on glycemic parameters in T2DM patients were included. Data were synthesized using a random-effects meta-analysis model, and the quality of studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. ResultsSix studies involving 126 participants were included. Allulose significantly reduced glucose AUC (SMD: −0.6662, 95 % CI [-1.1360, −0.1964], p = 0.0054) with moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 58.3 %). Insulin AUC showed a non-significant reduction (SMD: −0.3648, 95 % CI [-0.7783, 0.0488], p = 0.0839). FPG demonstrated a non-significant reduction (MD: −5.8925, 95 % CI [-20.4892, 8.7043], p = 0.4288), while TAR significantly decreased (MD: −8.8204, 95 % CI [-14.4101, −3.2307], p = 0.0020). No significant changes were observed in TIR (MD: 7.1211, 95 % CI [-1.6028, 15.8450], p = 0.1096). ConclusionAllulose demonstrated a significant reduction in postprandial glucose levels and TAR, supporting its role as a dietary intervention for glycemic control in T2DM patients. The findings are robust, though further research is needed to confirm its long-term effects on insulin sensitivity and metabolic health.

The Effect of Aerobic Combined Elastic Band Training on Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

The Effect of Aerobic Combined Elastic Band Training on Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Long-term high-intensity interval training reduces blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

This study aimed to demonstrate the long-term effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on reducing blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The research employs a preexperimental design with a one-group pretest‒posttest design. A total of 20 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged 40–60 years, participated in the study and received the HIIT intervention three times per week for eight weeks. Data collection involved measuring fasting blood glucose levels before and after the HIIT intervention via the ONE TOUCH™ BASIC™ Plus Meter. Data analysis was conducted via paired sample t tests with a significance level of 5%, and the effect size was evaluated via Cohen's d. Paired sample t test analysis between pre-HIIT and post-HIIT blood glucose levels (181.50±17.85 mg/dL to 99.50±8.26 mg/dL, p ≤ 0.001) revealed a significant reduction, with a large effect size (Cohen's d = 5.896). This study confirms that long-term high-intensity interval training is effective in lowering fasting blood glucose levels to normal ranges in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Keywords: Blood glucose, HIIT, insulin sensitivity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes patients

The Effect of Aerobic Exercise Frequency on Reducing Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Sufferers in the Lingsar Health Center Working Area in 2024

One of the keys to a person suffering from diabetes mellitus being able to live a healthy life like other people without diabetes is to maintain balanced blood glucose levels within normal limits. One important way to reduce blood glucose levels, especially in type 2 DM sufferers, is exercise. This study aims to identify the effect of aerobic exercise, on changes in blood glucose levels. This research is a pre-experimental research with a one group pre-posttest approach. The research sample was 33 people suffering from type 2 DM at the Lingsar Community Health Center, selected using a simple random sampling technique. Each respondent was given aerobic exercise 3 times a week with a minimum duration of 20 minutes. Data on blood glucose levels before and after the intervention were collected using an observation sheet. The results of the study showed that the average blood glucose before the intervention was 162.2 mg/dL and after the intervention it fell to 156.14 mg/dL. The t-test with a=0.05 showed r=0.000. It can be concluded that there is an effect of aerobic exercise on the respondents' blood glucose levels. Aerobic exercise has been proven to reduce the average blood glucose level after this is done regularly. This study results can be an evidenced base for community nursing to promote regular aerobic exercise among people with DM, to help reduce or control their blood glucose.

The Effect of Acupressure on Fasting Blood Glucose Levels in Clients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a? disease that has a characteristic signs? in the from of an increase in glucose levels exceeding normal range . The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing significantly. Currently, the management? of diet, exercise and use therapy pharmacological therapy are option in the management of diabetes mellitus. In addition to these therapies, there are complementary therapies such as acupressure. The purpose of this study was to prove the acupressure intervention in influencing fasting blood glucose levels. This research was a quasi- experimental study with a nonequivalent control group design with pre – test post – test. This study had 38 respondents? whi were devided into 2 groups and were taken using a consecutive sampling techniques. This study was conducted from April 7th 2021 – May 9th 2021. The pre – test and post -test difference test used the wilcoxone test. The diferent test between groups used Man – Whitney test and Independent – t test. Study This showed that there were significant differences? before and after treatment in all groups p = < 0.05. The results of the post-test differences between groups also showed p = 0.012 which shows that there are meaningful differences? between post-tests in groups intervention and control groups. Complementary therapy in the form of proven acupressure can decrease fasting blood glucose in type II diabetes mellitus patients, and complementary therapy in the form of acupressure can used for decrease fasting blood glucose levels in type II diabetes mellitus patients.

Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training on Blood Glucose Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Literature Review

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic and progressive disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. This study aims to investigate the effect of High-Intensity Interval Training on blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus through a literature review. The comprehensive search in the database resulted in 7,737 articles: Pubmed (2,610), Science Direct (4,724), Scopus (282), and Springer (121), and only 11 articles met the criteria for further review. A comprehensive analysis of the included studies reveals the effect of HIIT on blood glucose levels in type 2 DM patients, which can be observed through changes in blood glucose levels and HbA1c following exercise. In conclusion, our findings suggest that HIIT could be an essential intervention for managing blood glucose in Type 2 DM patients.

Effect of Black Tea Polysaccharides on Alleviating Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Regulating PI3K/Akt/GLUT2 Pathway.

The bioactivity of tea polysaccharides (TPs) has been widely reported, but studies to date have focused on green tea. Some human health investigations have implied that black tea may possess potential antidiabetic effects, but less is known about their potential role and related antidiabetic mechanism. The present study was, therefore, conducted to investigate the chemical properties and antidiabetic activity of TPs from black tea. Monosaccharide composition revealed that Alduronic acid (77.8 mol%) considerably predominated in the fraction. TP conformation analysis indicated that three components in TPs were all typical of high-branching structures. Oral administration of TPs could effectively alleviate fasting blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) mice, with the values 23.6 ± 1.42, 19.6 ± 2.25, and 16.4 ± 2.07 mmol/L in the 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg·BW groups, respectively. Among these TPs groups, the 800 mg/kg·BW groups significantly decreased by 37.88% when compared with the T2D+water group (p < 0.05). Further studies demonstrated that TP treatment upregulated the expression of p-Akt/p-PI3K (p < 0.001). Additionally, TP treatment significantly promoted glucose transporter protein 2 (GLUT2) translocation in the liver (p < 0.001). These findings suggest that TPs from black tea protect against T2D by activating PI3K/Akt/GLUT2 signaling and might serve as a novel therapeutic candidate for T2D.

Event Triggered Constrained Regulatory Control of Blood Glucose in Type I Diabetes Mellitus Condition

Event Triggered Constrained Regulatory Control of Blood Glucose in Type I Diabetes Mellitus Condition

PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN, PENGETAHUAN DAN PENYULUHAN KESEHATAN TERHADAP PENURUNAN GLUKOSA DARAH PADA PASIEN DM TIPE 2 DIPUSKESMAS PAKUHAJI KABUPATEN TANGERANG

ABSRACT Background: According to WHO, diabetes mellitus is a degenerative disease that is experienced by many Indonesians, and its prevalence continues to increase from year to year along with its complications. Good knowledge of disease is a provision as the basis for the application of health behavior of DM patients in managing themselves to achieve a better quality of life. Health education has a goal to change behavior starting from changes in education and knowledge. Purpose: To determine the effect of education, knowledge and health education on reducing blood glucose in type 2 DM patients at the Pakuhaji Public Health Center, Tangerang Regency. Research method: : this research used quantitative causal with a cross sectional approach, the technique used is sampling jenuh as many as 65 respondents. Result of the research: Based on the results of the T test, the effect of education has no effect on the decrease in blood glucose, knowledge has an effect on the decrease in blood glucose, and counseling has an effect on the decrease in blood glucose. Based on the results of the F test, the effect of education, knowledge and health education on the decrease in blood glucose results in F table 2.36 with a sig value of 0.000. Conclusion: The results showed that there was an effect of education, knowledge and health education on reducing blood glucose.

Intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring provides no benefit over structured self-monitoring of blood glucose in type 2 diabetes not on prandial insulin, in the context of diabetes self-management education: GLucose monitoring programme SingaporE (GLiMPSE)

ObjectiveWe evaluated the impact of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring(is-CGM)over self-monitoring of blood glucose(SMBG) in the context of diabetes self-management education (DSME) in sub-optimally controlled type 2 diabetes(T2D) in a multi-ethnicsetting. Research Design and MethodRandomized-controlled, open-label trial (NCT04564911), of T2D with HbA1c ≥ 7.5-≤10 %, on oral agents with/without basal insulin was carried out. Intervention arm received 6 weeks(w) continuous is-CGM, followed by one is-CGM/month till 24w. Control arm was advised to perform 4 SMBG/day. Educationwas delivered at weeks 0, 2, 8, 16. Primary outcome: Change in HbA1c from baseline at 24w. Modified intention-to-treat (mITT) analysis with linear mixed-effect model for repeated measurementswas performed. Results176 subjects, age 55 ± 10.7 years(y), DM duration 11 ± 7.3y, BMI 27.8 ± 5.9 kg/m2, 58 % Male, 29.5 % basal insulin users were analysed. Within each arm,from baseline to 24w, mean HbA1c decreasedby −0.6 % (−6.6.mmol/mol, p-value < 0.01)and weight decreased(isCGM: −1.44 kg; SMBG: −1.25 kg, both p < 0.01). These changes were sustained to one year. However, there wasno significant difference in these parameters between arms (p-value > 0.05). ConclusionIn the context of DSME, use of either SMBG or is-CGM led to improved glycaemia and reduced weight over a period of 24 weeks, sustained to one year.

Glycemic Control and Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetic Patients on Insulin and Prevalence of Candidiasis in these Patients at Dschang District Hospital, Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: The number of deaths attributed to diabetes was estimated at nearly 1.5 million worldwide in 2012, making this disease one of the 15 most deadly pathologies in the world. Self-monitoring of blood glucose is not widely used in type 2 diabetics on insulin. Objective: To evaluate the level of glycemic control and identified some factors that may influence it as well as determining the prevalence of candidiasis in these patients. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on a population of type 2 diabetic patients on insulin followed at Dschang District Hospital with an average age of 58 years treated with insulin for at least 2 months and the predictors of poor glycemic control were measured (HbA1c higher than 7%) and the search for three species of Candida carried out in 3 different types of samples (urine, blood and oral cavity). Furthermore, a questionnaire was used to collect information on self-monitoring of blood glucose. Results: This study included 66 diabetic patients with a mean age of 58 years and a male predominance (51.5%). The majority of patients had been diabetic for at least 6 years with a mean duration of insulin therapy of 6 months. 90.1% of the participants reported having a glucometer and 54.5% reported performing self-monitoring of blood glucose twice a day as recommended by the physician. This study found that 78.8% of these patients had inadequate glycemic control. Factors such as Body mass index, duration of diabetes and coexistence with hypertension influenced this glycemic control. Similarly, a prevalence of 15.2%, 12.1% and 00% were recorded for urinary, oral and systemic candidiasis respectively with Candida albicans being the species most involved in these infections. Conclusion: Poor glycemic control is common among type 2 diabetic patients on insulin at Dschang District Hospital and is due to poor use and lack of training of patients on the practice of self-monitoring of blood glucose. This poor glycemic control favours the development of candida infections, especially urinary and oral.

The effect of mindful eating on dietary behaviour and fasting blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients

Diet plays a pivotal role in the comprehensive therapy for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, contributing significantly to maintaining stable glycemic control. Mindful Eating, as an intervention, focuses on enhancing dietary behavior by directing attention, thoughts, and feelings towards eating activities. This study aimed to investigate the impact of mindful eating on dietary behavior and fasting blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Employing a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design, the study included a sample of 63 participants (selected through convenience sampling). Data collection utilized the Personal Diabetes Questionnaire (PDQ) and a glucometer. Statistical analysis involved Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney, and Independent T-tests. The findings revealed that mindful eating exercises had a significant influence on dietary behavior (p = 0.025) and fasting blood glucose levels (p = 0.033). The practice of mindful eating led to notable improvements in dietary behavior and ensured controlled fasting blood glucose levels by the study's conclusion. Incorporating mindful eating exercises into eating patterns is recommended as a crucial aspect of diabetes management, aiming to enhance dietary behavior and sustain stable glycemic control.

Hypnotherapy Reduces Anxiety and Blood Glucose in Diabetic

Hypnotherapy is a natural condition for the brain to change habits and lifestyle to be healthy to reduce stress levels and non-fasting blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of hypnotherapy on stress (anxiety) levels and non-fasting blood glucose levels and to assess the reduction in stress (anxiety) levels and non-fasting blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The type of research used was true experimental research with a randomized pre-test-post-test control group design. Twenty subjects were taken randomly with the experimental group given action and the control group not given action, measurements were carried out using pre and post-tests. The research results can be concluded that there is the effectiveness of hypnotherapy in reducing non-fasting blood glucose levels with a p= 0.018 (p&lt;0.05).

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor, Empagliflozin, Suppresses the Inflammatory Immune Response to Influenza Infection.

Influenza is a highly contagious, acute respiratory disease that causes significant public health and economic threats. Influenza infection induces various inflammatory mediators, IFNs, and recruitment of inflammatory cells in the host. This inflammatory "cytokine storm" is thought to play a role in influenza-induced lung pathogenesis. Empagliflozin is a drug primarily used to lower blood glucose in type II diabetes patients by inhibiting the sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) found in the proximal tubules in the kidneys. In this study, we have investigated the effects of empagliflozin on the pulmonary immune response to influenza infection. C57BL/6 mice (wild type) were infected with influenza A/PR/8/34 and treated with empagliflozin, and the disease outcomes were analyzed. Empagliflozin treatment decreased the expression of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and CCL2; the percentage of inflammatory monocytes and inducible NO synthase-positive macrophages; and IFN response genes Stat1 and CXCL9 during influenza infection. Further, empagliflozin treatment decreases the expression of IL-6, CCL2, and CCL5 in RAW264.7 macrophages and bone marrow-derived macrophages. However, empagliflozin treatment increased influenza viral titer during infection. Despite fostering an increased viral burden, treatment with empagliflozin decreases the mortality in wild type and high fat diet-induced atherosclerotic LDLR-/- mice. Based on our findings, empagliflozin may have therapeutic implications for use in patients to prevent lung damage and acute respiratory illness.

The Effect of Curcumin on Blood Glucose Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is characterized by elevated blood glucose. Curcumin has glucose-lowering properties. This review intended to determine if Curcumin can lower blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetic patients. This review intended to determine if Curcumin can decrease blood glucose in type 2 DM patients. Curcumin has a mechanism of stimulating incretin and inhibiting digestive enzymes from reducing blood glucose levels in type 2 DM patients. We systematically searched PubMed for peer-reviewed studies examining the mechanism of Curcumin in decreasing blood glucose in type 2 DM patients. The journal criteria included in this review were a study from 2000 to 2022, randomized control trial using intervention Curcumin, an outcome variable using blood glucose, the full text of the article can be obtained, and the DM patient's age is over 18 years. Two independent reviewers retrieved data o clinical outcomes, studies, and patient characteristics using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Instrument. Quality is evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system. There are 19 studies included in this research, and Three journals meet the requirements. The conclusion is that curcumin can decrease blood glucose in Type 2 DM patients.

UJI EFEKTIVITAS DAN KEAMANAN KOMBINASI METFORMIN-VILDAGLIPTIN PADA DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI RSPAL Dr. RAMELAN SURABAYA

Metformin is the first-line therapy for Diabetes Mellitus (DM), which has not been able to control blood glucose in type 2 DM. One of the Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitor (DPP4-I) groups, namely vildagliptin, has been included in the National Formulary which is used as a combination for the therapy of DM patients Type 2. Research objectives to know the effectiveness and safety of the combination of metformin-vildagliptin in type 2 DM at RSPAL Dr. Ramelan Surabaya. This research method uses a quantitative method with an observational study design, with retrospective data collection based on the Medical Records of Type 2 DM patients who first received metformin-vildagliptin combination therapy (n = 30) carried out observations, and recorded the results of Fasting Blood Glucose (GDP) examinations, Postprandial 2-hour blood glucose (GD2JPP), and HbA1C at baseline and after 3 months of therapy, and observed the safety of the combination. Results The metformin-vildagliptin combination reduced GDP 33.13 ± 40.73 mg/dL, GD2JPP 34.30 ± 48.81 mg/dL, and HbA1C 0.89 ± 0.86%. Did not show any side effects of hypoglycemia, but 3.33% experienced nausea/vomiting and dyspepsia. It was concluded that the combination of metformin-vildagliptin was able to reduce GDP, GD2JPP, and HbA1C.

Wild Rosa roxburghii Tratt Juices Grown at Different Altitudes Regulate Blood Glucose in Type 1 Diabetic Mice via the PI3K/Akt Pathway.

To explore hypoglycemic effect of wild Rosa roxburghii tratt (RRT) juice at different altitudes on type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The T1DM mouse model was induced by streptozotocin (STZ), and the experiment included a normal group (NC), model group (MC), wild RRT juice groups high (HF), medium (MF), low altitude (DF) and cultivated control group (PC). During experiment, food intake, water intake, body weight, and fasting blood glucose were measured. After 28 days of administration, glucose tolerance, glycogen level, lipid profiles, and antioxidation levels in serum and liver were measured, and histomorphological changes of liver and kidney were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The results showed that wild RRT juice reduced blood glucose level, alleviated liver and kidney tissue damage, improved glucose and lipid metabolism disorders and attenuated oxidative damage in T1DM mice. Western blot showed that wild RRT juice at grown at different altitudes significantly increased protein abundance of PI3K, Akt, and GLUT2 in liver of T1DM mice. In conclusion, wild RRT juice from different altitudes improved glucose and lipid metabolism disorders and oxidative damage in T1DM mice, which may be attributed to activation of PI3K/Akt pathway. Overall effect: MF > PC > HF > DF.

Double layer spherical nanoparticles with hyaluronic acid coating to enhance oral delivery of exenatide in T2DM rats

Soybean phospholipid was used as an amphiphilic material to form reverse micelles (RMs) in medium glycerol monolinoleate (Maisine) with Exenatide (EXT.) encapsulated in the polar core formed by the hydrophilic part of phospholipid. Cremopher RH40 and caprylocaproyl macrogol-8 glycerides EP/caprylocaproyl polyoxyl-8 glycerides NF (Labrasol) were added as surfactants to prepare reverse micelles-self emulsifying drug delivery system (RMs-SEDDS). On this basis, oil in water (O/W) emulsion was further prepared. By adding DOTAP, the surface of the emulsion was positively charged. Finally, hyaluronic acid wrapping in the outermost layer by electrostatic adsorption and reverse micelles-O/W-sodium hyaluronate (RMs-O/W-HA) nanoparticles containing Exenatide were prepared. RMs-SEDDS was spherical with an average particle size of 213.6 nm and RMs-O/W-HA was double-layered spherical nanoparticle with an average particle size of 309.2 nm. HA coating enhanced the adhesion of nanoparticles (NPs), and RMs-O/W-HA increased cellular uptake through CD44-mediated endocytosis. Pharmacodynamics results showed that RMs-SEDDS and RMs-O/W-HA could reduce blood glucose in type 2 diabetic rats, protect pancreatic β cells to a certain extent, and relieve insulin resistance and hyperlipemia complications with good safety.

Vitamin D as add on Therapy to Metformin and Teneligliptin in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

A low level of vitamin D is being attributed to the development of diabetes, which can cause insulin resistance, beta-cell death, and inflammation. Vitamin D supplementation can reduce inflammation and insulin resistance. we conducted this study for our population to evaluate the effect of vitamin D on blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus. A prospective interventional, parallel, randomized study, was conducted on 112 type two diabetes and 25(OH) D deficient patients. The control group received Metformin (500mg BD) and Teneligliptin (20mg OD) only, while the intervention group was given Metformin plus Teneligliptin along with vitamin D (Cholecalciferol) (60,000 IU). At the end of 3rd of month follow-up, there was a significant difference in mean FPG and PPG (129.86±7.36mg/dl) vs. (136.12±11.31mg/dl) (p=0.002), (220.81±13.04mg/dl) vs. (228.06±19.40 mg/dl) (p=0.037). in the interventional and control group respectively. And subsequently, mean HbA1c improved significantly in the interventional group as compared to the control group 7.21±0.40% vs. 7.48.0.62% respectively (p = 0.015). also, the measures of glycemic control (FPG, PPG, HbA1c) showed a significant improvement at the end of the 6 months. Our study suggested, that add-on therapy of Vitamin D improved the glycemic parameters of type two diabetes mellitus with concurrent vitamin D deficiency over the course of the study.

Exploring the relationship between self-management and blood glucose level in patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a condition characterized by high blood sugar levels resulting from unstable blood sugar levels in diabetics. DM can not only be treated with pharmacological therapy but also requires non-pharmacological therapy, one of which is self-management. Objective: to determine the relationship between the level of self-management and blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: This research employed a cross-sectional design with 35 respondents selected through an accidental sampling technique. Data collection involved using the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) questionnaire and a Glucometer. The data were then analyzed using the Spearman Rank Test. Results: The data analysis revealed that 62.9% of patients with Type 2 DM experienced self-management in the medium category, and 88.6% had blood sugar levels in the high category. Based on the analysis results, a p-value of 0.180 was obtained, indicating that there is no relationship between self-management and blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The correlation coefficient of -0.232 indicated a low correlation strength, and as the correlation coefficient is negative, the relationship between the two variables is not in the same direction. Conclusions: It is evident that need more investigation of self-management practices to achieve stable or normal blood sugar levels. Improving self-management is crucial as it can help prevent complications associated with diabetes mellitus.