Blade Inclination Angle Research Articles

Analysis and Experimental Study on the Influence of Louver Separation Device on the Sand Collection Efficiency of Wind Erosion Instrument

A wind erosion instrument is a core instrument for collecting sand particles in wind and sand flows and studying the laws of wind and sand movement. To study the influence of the internal structure of the wind erosion instrument on its sand collection efficiency, a built-in louver separation device was designed. Based on CFD and Fluent 2022 software, numerical analysis was conducted using an RNG k-ε model, and the discrete phase model (DPM) method was used to calculate the sand collection efficiency. The flow field analysis of the new wind–sand separator was carried out. The influence of blade inclination angle, blade thickness, and blade number on sand collection efficiency was studied using single-factor and response surface analysis methods. The optimal parameter combination was obtained as blade inclination angle of 30°, blade thickness of 1.25 mm, and blade number of 10. A simulation model was established based on the optimal combination parameters, and the performance of the wind erosion instrument before and after the addition of the louver separation device was compared. The simulation results show that adding a louver separation device can increase static pressure, alleviate short-circuit flow and back-mixing phenomena, and stabilize the flow field; increasing tangential velocity leads to an increase in particle centrifugal force; reduce axial velocity, prolong particle stagnation time, and minimize particle escape. The particle trajectory pattern is mostly a continuous spiral path, which is conducive to capturing particles and improving sand collection efficiency. Compared with the original structure, for particles with diameters ranging from 0.001–0.05 mm, 0.005–0.01 mm, 0.01–0.05 mm, 0.05–0.1 mm, and 0.1–0.5 mm, the addition of a louver separation device increased the sand collection efficiency by 32.74%, 22.55%, 33.17%, 11.45%, and 0.13%, respectively. When the wind speed is 13.8 m/s and the diameter range is 0.001–0.5 mm, the average sand collection efficiency obtained from simulation tests and wind tunnel tests is 86.18% and 84.32%, respectively, with an error of 2.2%. The simulation results are reliable. The research results show that adding a louver separation device can improve the sand collection efficiency of the wind erosion instrument, and has better overall performance compared to the original wind–sand separator. This study provides a basis for further research on the structure of wind erosion gauges and the environmental protection of farmland. Strengthening land management can effectively protect soil resources, reduce wind erosion, ensure the stability of the ecosystem, and lay the foundation for promoting the sustainable use of land.

基于弓背蚁上颚切-锯运动机理的农业仿生刀开发研究

Aiming at issues such as low instantaneous grasping ability, unsatisfactory cutting quality, and proneness to damage of the blades for existing harvesters, by observing the physiological structure and movement characteristics of the ant's mandible and by bionic design theory, a bionic blade was designed to optimize its performance. In this paper, Camponotus was selected as the research object to observe the movement of the right mandibular teeth. It was concluded that the movement of the ant's mandibular teeth was a cutting-sawing motion. A comparative analysis was carried out using the flat blade and the mandibular teeth blade, uncovering that the mandibular teeth movement formed a sliding cut with a variable sliding cutting angle. The mandibular teeth were beneficial for clamping the target and boosting the instantaneous grasping force. The fourth tooth of the mandible was selected as the bionic prototype. from which the contour curve was extracted and analyzed, followed by the design of the bionic blade. Through the finite element method, the influence laws of parameters such as the tooth pitch, structural angle, and blade inclination angle on the stress field and deformation of the bionic blade were analyzed under two force application circumstances: along the inclination direction of the tooth edge and the blade face direction. The results showed that when the applied force was along the tooth edge inclination, the total deformation of the bionic blade initially decreased and then increased with the tooth pitch increase. The maximum equivalent stress of the bionic blade rose gradually with the tooth pitch increase, and the total deformation decreased with the increase of the inclination angle of the tooth. The equivalent stress diminished with the rise in the inclination angle. With the increase of the structural edge angle, the total deformation of the bionic blade rose gradually. When the force was applied along the blade face direction, the deformation and stress values of the blade were significantly lower than those when the force was along the tooth edge inclination. The research findings can offer theoretical references for the design of bionic blades for harvesters.

Study on silage mixing device of King Grass stalk particles based on DEM simulation and bench test

This study designed a silage mixing device for King Grass stalk particles and optimized the core component, the blender, based on the discrete element method (DEM). Through simulation tests, the effect of different blender forms, blade lengths and blade orientations on the Lacey mixing index (LMI) was studied, and the structural form of the blender was selected as the inclined blade-same-up impeller blender. Based on simulation tests, to verify the reliability of the simulation test and further determine the optimal blade inclination angle and mixing speed of the blender, a mixing experimental bench was built for bench tests. The LMI was compared between simulation and bench tests. At three speeds of 60, 80 and 100 r min- −1, the average relative errors are 2.3%, 2.1% and 1.5%, indicating that the simulation test can simulate actual tests well. The central composite design (CCD) was used to establish a binary quadratic regression model of the effects of blade inclination angle and mixing speed on LMI and mixing energy consumption. Using the NSGA-II algorithm, it was determined that the best inclination angle of the mixing blade is 42° and the best mixing speed is 78 r min−1.

Verification of the self-starting problem of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine with Inclined Blades

In this paper, a theoretical investigation of the impact of varying the blade inclination angle b on the power coefficient of vertical-axis wind turbines equipped with straight blades has been demonstration, where the inclination angle was modified from twenty-five degrees to eighty-five degrees. Within the framework of this study, the term SS-VAWT was assigned to refer to the rotor which is the subject of the research. The "Multi Stream Tube-MST" mathematical model was used after some of its equations were modified to be consistent with the geometrical shape of the SS-VAWT rotor. A computer program was designed using the "Microsoft Visual Basic" programming language as an application of the mathematical model used, which led to the effectiveness of this program and compared its final results with previous experimental results from other studies, this work was carried out on twelve obligatory SS-VAWT, which are classified into four namely H group which is characterized by rotor high change effect, R group which is characterized by diameter effect, N group which is characterized by number of blades effect and C group influenced by the length of blade chord line. The results are represented by power curves as a function of tip speed ratio. The behavior of the curves for each case was verified and compared to determine the optimum case. All results were taken in the small range of tip speed ratio λ0 extending from 0 to 2.8. Since the Cp coefficient and the λ0 coefficient are dimensionless values, the results can be applied to large-sized air rotors, provided that there is geometric similarity. Because they found that the feather's 45-degree tilt and location reduce the problem of starting self-motion.

Determining the effect of the direction of installing the cutting edges of shredder roller blades on process parameters

This paper reports a study aimed at increasing the intensity of grinding of the stems of coarse-stemmed crops by establishing the influence of the orientation of the cutting edge of the cutter-shredder knives on the quality of the technological grinding operations. Analytical dependences of the planar movement of the roller-shredder were established and it was determined that for rollers with knives, the cutting edge of which is directed in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation: – exceeding the value of the vertical components of the total forces of resistance of the knives, which made it possible to increase the values of forces, and, as a result, more intensive destruction of the layer of plant remains; – exceeding the values of the driving force of the knives based on the dependence of the driving force on structural and kinematic parameters (roller weight, drum radius, blade height, blade inclination angle, acceleration). Experimental studies have established an excess of up to 20 % of the quality indicators of milling sunflower and corn stems with roller knives, the cutting edge of which is directed in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation. The average number of crushed pieces of corn stalks in the range of less than 50 mm is 13.6 % higher in the combined unit, the cutter blades of which are directed with the cutting edge in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation. It was established that with zero and 3.92 kN (400 kg) additional loading, an increase in speed from 7.45 km/h to 13.6 km/h leads to a decrease in the values of the average traction resistance. The highest value of traction resistance was set at a speed of 13.6 km/h and an additional load of 7.84 kN (800 kg). The lowest value of traction resistance was established at zero additional load and a speed of 22.0 km/h, which is 21.5 % less than at a speed of 7.45 km/h and 14.1 % less than at a speed of 13.6 km/h.

Numerical investigation on hydrodynamic performance of shaftless rim-driven thruster

As a new type of propulsion method, the shaftless rim-driven thruster (RDT) has become a research hotspot for ship propulsion due to the absence of the propeller propulsion shaft system setting and the advantages of small cabin occupancy, low noise and low vibration. Numerical investigations were performed to study the effect of blade inclination angle on the hydrodynamic performance of shaftless Rim-driven Thruster. To verify the feasibility of the simulation method, the No.19A + Ka4-70 duct propeller was analysed first and the geometric model of the RDT for the hydrodynamic properties was established in reverse engineering. The hydrodynamic performance of the shaftless rim thruster was studied based on the RANS method, and the performance data of this shaftless rim thruster at each inlet speed coefficient were obtained. Additionally, the characteristics of the change in the inclination angle of the blade relative to its centre axis were examined and the effect of the change in inclination angle on the hydrodynamic performance of the shaftless rim thruster was investigated. Additionally, the numerical calculation results show that a five degree increase in the Z-axis circumferential inclination results in the increase of all the hydrodynamic coefficients of the RDT. Among them, the total thrust is increased by about 14%, the total torque is increased by about 15% and the total efficiency is also comparable to the original thruster efficiency.

SIMULATION OF THE PROCESS OF FORMING THE EDGE AND MIXING THE COMPONENTS OF THE COMPOST MIXTURE WITH A SINGLE-DRAMED AERATOR

The most widespread approach for implementing the technological process of organic compost production involves using mobile aerator-mixers of the rotary-drum type. Based on the analysis of various designs of mechanized composting equipment from previous theoretical and experimental studies conducted by renowned scientists, as well as our own research, it has been established that mechanized compost production requires further investigation. The analysis revealed that rotary drum-blade working elements are efficient. However, there is insufficient research on the dependencies of changes in the height of the pile during formation, indicators of homogeneity and structure of the mixture, energy consumption during the operation of drum-blade working elements in relation to the rotation frequency, working element's linear velocity, and geometric parameters of the blades. Additionally, changes in the bulk density, mixture structure, and temperature distribution within the pile under the influence of the working elements have not been investigated. This highlights the relevance of conducting research in the chosen direction. The analysis of developed models for the interaction of the working element with the compost mixture has shown that they cannot be used to assess the quality of mixing and pile formation, as it is necessary to consider the movement of discrete particles that make up the compost mixture. The mathematical description of the movement of discrete elements is achievable using modern CAE (Computer-Aided Engineering) systems, and one such system is Simcenter Star-CCM+. Through numerical simulation of the technological process of pile formation and mixture mixing, an argumentation of the constructive and technological parameters of the working element of a single-drum aerator was conducted. To construct the physical-mathematical model of the compost mixing and pile formation processes, the following mesh and physical models were utilized: meshless DEM (Discrete Element Method), solution interpolation, Lagrangian multiphase, unsteady implicit, DEM, multiphase interaction, gravity force, and boundary forces of DEM. As a result of simulating the compost mixture mixing process using a single-drum blade working element, dependencies of the height (H') and width (L') of the formed pile on the rotation frequency (n), linear velocity of the working element (V), and the blade's inclination angle (ξ) were established. A mathematical expression in the form of second-order regression equations was derived, linking the coefficient of variation of mixing quality (δ) with the research factors. Solving the compromise problem using the Wolfram Cloud software package allowed us to determine the rational parameters for the working element: rotation frequency (n) of 237 rpm, linear velocity (V) of 0.15 m/s, and blade inclination angle (ξ) of 15.8°. Consequently, the coefficient of variation of mixing quality (δ) was found to be 0.51, and the width (L') and height (H') of the formed pile were 1.23 m and 1.54 m, respectively.

Study on the separation performance of a decanter centrifuge used for dewatering coal water slurry

The decanter centrifuge is widely used in the dewatering process of coal water slurry. In order to improve the separation performance of the decanter centrifuge, the influence of pitches, spiral blade inclination angles and rotational speeds on the separation performance was obtained by the combination of simulation and theoretical analysis. The results indicate that the higher pitch would lead to the decrease of the sediment stack height in front of the spiral blade and the residence time of the particles. With the increase of the pitch, the axial thrust and the slag solid content rate are increased first and then decreased. The best pitch is 258 mm. Using a backward tilting spiral blade can improve the distribution of sediment and enhance the radial extrusion of the spiral blade to sediment. Increasing the rotational speed can increase the tangential velocity and settling velocity of the material. When the rotational speed is less than 3000 rpm, increasing the rotational speed can improve the separation performance effectively. This paper provides references for optimizing the structure and improving the separation performance of the decanter centrifuge in the dewatering process of coal water slurry.

Modeling and analysis of droplet deposition behavior: From the micro and macro perspectives

The variation of relevant parameters during the spraying process will affect the droplet deposition behavior (DDB) on the plant leaf surface. Hence, a comprehensive analysis and modeling are the basis for model-based control design and performance optimization of spraying efficiency. This paper adopted the method of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to conduct real-time visualization analysis and numerical modeling establishment of the DDB from the micro and macro perspectives, aiming to obtain the quantitative deposition laws of relevant parameters in the deposition process. The micro results showed that the droplet had different degrees of deposition, bouncing, and diffusion at different blade inclination angles (IAs) and contact angles (CAs). The system’s total pressure presented a consistent trend, while there was a sharp increase of about 2–3 times at the moment of impact on the leaf surface. Numerically, the droplet diffusion speed was basically at 5–7 mm/ms. And it presented an exponential function between the diffusion time and the diffusion velocity of the droplets, whose coefficient of determination (R2) equaled 0.73. The DDB of macro analysis clearly explained the change laws of droplet size, residence time, shear stress, and spreading speed. And the mathematical models of the droplet deposition thickness (DDT) on the target surface about time, spraying speed, liquid density, and fluid viscosity were established, which showed a trend of string functions. The growth rate of DDT reached a maximum of 13331% at 40 ms, which could be considered as an economic spraying time. The study achieved a comprehensive dynamic visualization and model-building of relevant spraying parameters and provided an actual reference for the spraying deposition control design and the parameters selection.

Bionic Optimization Design and Discrete Element Experimental Design of Carrot Combine Harvester Ripping Shovel

Aiming at the common problems of the high working resistance, low soil disturbance, and high rates of missed extraction in the operation of carrot combine harvesters, a high-efficiency drag-reducing bionic soil-loosening shovel was designed in this study. The physical parameters of the soil and carrots were measured, and the bionic drag-reducing shovel was designed using the badger claw toe as a bionic prototype. The shovel wing structures were designed. Based on the EDEM discrete element simulation technology, a multi-element simulation model of the shovel–soil–carrot contact was established to determine the effects of the operating speed and sliding angle of the shovel handle on the resistance. The effects of the blade inclination angle and blade opening angle on the resistance, carrot extraction force, and soil disturbance rate were also studied. The results show that the resistance increases with an increase in operating speed. With a blade angle (α) and blade inclination angle (β) of 120.27° and 47.37°, respectively, the performance of the high-efficiency drag-reducing soil-loosening shovel is the best, with the resistance and carrot extraction force being 1908.76 N and 55.37 N, respectively. The virtual simulation experiment shows that this efficient drag-reducing shovel can effectively solve the problems of the low soil disturbance, high resistance, and high missing carrot rates of carrot combine harvester shovels, while also improving the harvesting quality and efficiency of carrot combine harvesters and meeting the agronomic requirements of carrot harvesting.

Experimental research on a propeller blade fertilizer transport device based on a discrete element fertilizer block model

In organic fertilizer application, it is difficult for existing chain-type fertilizer transport devices to cut and break organic fertilizer blocks during operation. The fertilizer transport process does not effectively disturb the fertilizer group, and it is easy to cause fertilizer overhead, which makes the subsequent fertilizer spreading and deep application process unable to operate normally. In addition, the lack of a solid organic fertilizer numerical simulation model restricts the innovation of organic fertilizer application equipment. Because of the above problems, based on the physical characteristics of the manure, this paper establishes a simulation model of a manure block through the Hertz-Mindlin with bonding (HMB) contact model in the discrete element method (DEM), calibrates the bonding parameters of the organic fertilizer by combining the uniaxial compression physical test and the simulation test, and verifies the calibrated bonding parameters by the load–displacement test and the deformation test of organic fertilizer. Through parameter optimization, the unit normal stiffness (UNS) is 11.27 × 107N/m3, unit shear stiffness (USS) is 4.17 × 107N/m3, critical normal stress (CNS) is 3.40 MPa, critical shear stress (CSS) is 1.25 MPa, and bonding radius (BR) is 2.80 mm. The relative error of the maximum load (ML) is 8.7%, and the relative error of the displacement is 3.2%, as verified by the bench test. This paper proposes a propeller blade (PB)-type organic fertilizer crushing and transporting device, and the structural parameters of the PB are simulated based on the calibrated organic fertilizer model. The optimal parameter combination after the optimization of the PB is obtained as follows: the blade inclination angle is 42°, the blade spacing is 227 mm, the blade speed is 89 r/min, and the blade height is 205 mm. The machine is processed, and the field test is carried out. The results show that the average oil pressures of the stable fertilizer crushing process under the half-speed and full-speed modes are 11.06 MPa and 12.01 MPa, respectively. The minimum oil pressure is 8.89 MPa and 10.90 MPa, respectively, the average energy consumption is 2.71 kW and 5.42 kW, respectively, and the proportion of the particle size of the organic fertilizer after crushing is more significant than 92.4%. The quality of the crushed fertilizer is high and can be used in crushed fertilizer applications.

Local thermal effect of power-on setting on monopolar coagulation: a three-dimensional electrothermal coupled finite element study.

A three-dimensional (3-D) electrothermal coupled finite element (FE) model was used to simulate and analyze the effects of the electrosurgical power-on setting on the temperature distribution and thermal damage in biological tissue during coagulation. The discussed parameters include the power-on-off durations, contact distance between the electrosurgical blade and tissue surface, and inclination angle of the blade during cutting. The results indicate that under the condition of a constant input electrical energy, the maximal temperature decreased when the power-on time was shortened and the power-off (pause) duration was increased. The two contact distances between the blade and tissue (0 and 0.25mm) did not show a significant temperature difference; however, the tissue temperature increased with increasing blade inclination angle. We concluded that using a normal cut angle and set at a multiple shorter-time power-on with intermittent power-off operation procedure can reduce the risk of thermal damage during monopolar electrosurgery.

Study of the parameters of the field of the cone-shaped working body straw chopper

State program of developing agriculture of Uzbekistan is directed to the developmend of important field - animal husbandry and its suppiy with roug-hage, in the framework of creating small cattle-breeding, farming and peasantry, that demand a special attention at prearing high guality roughage at small material expenses. The practice showed that unsatisfactory processing of rousgh fodder stalka by fodder preparation machinery bring to quality dectine of got fodder and accordingly to the inerease of its loss (to 30 %). The authors proposed and developed a rotary straw chopper with cone-shaped working bodies. The diameter of a working body and an angle of a blade of a knife are theoretically investigated. To substantiate the type and parameters of the chopper blade, a stand for laboratory research was developed and manufactured. Change of cutting force and cutting power consumption depending on circumferential cutting speed, straw diameter, knife length and blade inclination angle were studied by experimental researches. On the basis of experimental studies the type and optimum parameters of rotor and knife were established: knife type - disc; rotor diameter 172 mm; number of knives 4; knife inclination angle 20°.

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ ИМИТАЦИОННОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ РАБОЧЕГО ПРОЦЕССА РОТОРА-МЕТАТЕЛЯ ЛЕСОПОЖАРНОЙ ГРУНТОМЕТАТЕЛЬНОЙ МАШИНЫ

When solving the problem of increasing the efficiency of a forest fire soil-throwing machine containing a multi-stage rotor-thrower, a design is proposed in which the soil shaft is fully fed simultaneously to all blades of the multi-stage rotor-thrower. Determination of the kinematic parameters of the throwing process must be modeled taking into account physical and mechanical properties of soil. The purpose of this work is to increase the effectiveness of the prevention and extinguishing of forest fires with soil, by substantiating the parameters of a soil-throwing machine based on simulation of the working process of a rotor-thrower. As a result of the computational experiment, graphs are presented for determining the soil outlet angle and the ejection range with a zero blade inclination angle and for determining the soil outlet angle and ejection distance with a combined blade inclination angle. For given values of disk radii, the maximum soil fraction is ejected by the third disk, and the minimum by the first one. Therefore, the result of the computational experiment on the ratio predictably places the maximum amount of soil (more than 30%) at the distance of overlapping the trajectories of movement of soil particles ejected by the first and third disks, namely, in the range from 10.4-11.2 m. Thus, the software package can calculate not only the trajectory of soil movement depending on the design and technological parameters of the thrower rotor, by which it is possible to estimate the size of the ejection layer, but also the distribution of soil in the layer. The distribution obtained as a result of a computational experiment can be used to accumulate a database on the range of the largest part of the ejected soil and to refine the layer of maximum backfilling, taking into account physical and mechanical properties of soil

The Pumping Performance of a Multiport Hybrid Molecular Pump and Its Effect on the Inspection Performance of a Helium Mass Spectrometer Leak Detector

The multiport hybrid molecular pump is a new type of molecular pump that was specifically designed for use in helium mass spectrometer leak detectors. This pump enables the instrument to detect both downstream and counter-current leaks. Access to different extraction ports can fulfill various leak detection requirements, which broadens the application range of these detectors and improves their detection efficiency. This paper establishes a model for the calculation of the parameters of a helium mass spectrometer leak detector under fine inspection conditions, studies the influence of different turbine blade parameters and fine inspection port positions on pumping performance and leak detection, discusses a method to determine turbine blade parameters and fine inspection port positions under fine inspection conditions, and provides a theoretical basis for the development of helium mass spectrometer leak detection technology and the optimization of multiport hybrid molecular pump structures. The results show that reducing the blade inclination and increasing the number and height of blades can improve the detection sensitivity. Provided that the hybrid molecular pump has good pumping capacity, the helium mass spectrometer leak detector can obtain high detection sensitivity when the single blade inclination angle is 25°, the number of turbine blades is 25 to 30, the blade height is 3 mm, and the blade thickness is 0.6 mm to 0.8 mm. To determine the position of the inspection port, it is necessary to consider the actual requirements of the leak detector, such as the working pressure of the inspected parts, the leakage rate and the minimum detectable leakage rate. When the inspection port is between the 7th- and 8th-stage blade rows, optimum working pressure of the mass spectrometer chamber for better leak detection performance and large pressure detection range are guaranteed.

Most Suitable Blade Inclination Angle for Multiphase Flow in Soybean Milk Machine

The blade inclination angle of soybean milk machine is a key geometric parameter for efficient crushing. For the purpose of obtaining optimal design, the gas-liquid two-phase flow field inside a soybean milk machine is simulated. The gas holdup from simulation is in agreement with the experiment. The simulation result shows that the lower blade A has a great influence on the internal flow field of soybean milk machine, while the upper blade B has a small influence on the flow field. As the angle l αA l increases, the peak value of radial velocity decreases and moves to the interior of the cavity, so does the total pressure. When αA changes from -24° to -26°, the velocity vector at the bottom of the cavity changes from the connected state to the separated state, and the pressure difference between the up and the bottom surface of blade A becomes large. When αA = 24°, the flow field has the strongest turbulent kinetic energy and dissipation. When αB =28°, the pressure difference reaches the maximum. In summary, the best inclination angles are αAopt =-24° ∼ -26° and αBopt =28°, respectively.

Experimental and Internal Flow Investigation on the Performance of a Hydraulic Retarder with Different Liquid-Filled Amount and Blade Inclination Angles

Experimental and Internal Flow Investigation on the Performance of a Hydraulic Retarder with Different Liquid-Filled Amount and Blade Inclination Angles

Experimental Study on the Crushing Properties of Corn Stalks in Square Bales

With the development of straw baling mechanization technology, straw is stored in the form of square baling or round baling. At present, hammer mill or the guilt-cutting and rubbing combined mill is widely used to crush square bales of straw. These two kinds of crushing equipment have disadvantages such as low productivity, large power consumption, and poor crushing effect. This paper aims to study and analyze the crushing characteristics of square baled straw after unbaling, and lay a theoretical foundation for the later research and development of a special square baled straw crusher with high productivity, low power consumption, good crushing effect, and the simulation of the square baled corn straw crushing process. For this purpose, this study carried out a corn bale crushing experiment on the Instron 8801 fatigue test machine, and studied the effects of blade angle, water content and loading speed on corn bale crushing force through the response surface method. Test results showed that the crushing process includes the compression stage and shearing stage; in terms of single factor effect, with the increase in water content and blade angle, the crushing force of the corn bale increased, but the loading speed had no significant effect on the crushing force of the corn bale. In terms of interaction effect, there was interaction effect between moisture content and blade inclination angle, when moisture content was 10%, with the increase in blade inclination angle, the incremental speed of the crushing force also increased gradually. When the blade inclination angle was 10°, with the increase in moisture content, the incremental speed of the crushing force also increased, and the interaction effect of them jointly acted on the crushing force of the corn bales.

Experimental Studies on the Interaction Process with the Environment of an Adaptable Bulldozer Blade with Variable Geometry

The purpose of the work is the theoretical and experimental substantiation of rational parameters, expanding the scope of rational application and increasing the efficiency of bulldozers-terracers by installing a universal blade with variable geometry, adaptable to working conditions. The efficiency of using an adaptable blade with variable geometry depends on the efficiency and accuracy of the choice, in accordance with the operating conditions, the number parameter values - the blade inclination angle (its middle section), the rotation angle of the side sections, the depth of cut and the working speed of the bulldozer. A significant number of controlled parameters and differences in the nature of their influence on the efficiency of various operations and in different soil conditions (if operational control is necessary) create a large load on the driver. At the same time, it is necessary to realize the potential of the design. An urgent research problem is the prompt and reasonable choice of the optimal values of the relevant parameters depending on the operating conditions and the possibility of automating this process. Theoretical and experimental studies of the main parameters influence of a blade with variable geometry (grab, tilt and cut angles, blade width, etc.) on the resistance (horizontal and vertical components) to digging and the formation of a soil drag prism are carried out.

Performance Analysis of Booster based Gravitational Water Vortex Power Plant

Gravitational Water Vortex Power Plant (GWVPP) is a power generation system that suits for ultralow head streams of water with low flow rate. Due to the simple design, compact structure, and the possibility of local fabrication, it can benefit rural areas for off-grid supply. The purpose of this research is to study the potential of booster based GWVPP. Previous researches concluded the best position of turbine in GWVPP is actually not the maximum head position which eventually does not extract all possible head. This research explores the possibility of adding an extra runner (booster runner) below the main runner in the existing set up for additional power generation. The performance of the booster runner, modelled in CATIA V5R21 was studied computationally using ANSYS 18.1 FLUENT for various boosters with varieties of number of blades, blade inclination angle, height of booster, rotational speed and the blade profile so as to obtain the most suitable design of the booster runner, which was then verified experimentally in a model set up using four different booster runners. The research showed an increase of 3.84W in the miniaturized model which corresponds to the increase in efficiency of 20.4% from a total of 63.55% by main runner alone. This implies that the power generation can be increased by the addition of the booster runner in the existing set up.