Black Tape Research Articles

Sifat Organoleptik Madumongso Tape Ubi Ungu dengan Perbedaan Proporsi Tape Ketan Hitam dan Tape Ketan Putih

Madumongso in this research is a processed product made from purple sweet potato tape, black sticky rice tape, and white sticky rice tape which is processed by mixing supporting ingredients such as sugar, coconut milk and pandan using low heat. Round shape wrapped in plastic and crepe paper. Optimal organoleptic characteristics can increase consumer acceptance and the combination of these ingredients can increase the nutritional content of the product. The aim of this product is 1) to determine the organoleptic properties which include shape, color, taste, texture, 2) to determine the nutritional content of madumongso purple sweet potato tape with the difference in proportions of black sticky rice tape and white sticky rice tape. This type of research is experimental. The data collection technique used was observation through 5 training panelists and 25 semi-practice panelists who were assisted with assessment observation sheets 1-5. The independent variables in this research are purple sweet potato tape, black sticky rice tape and white sticky rice tape, the dependent variables in this research are shape, color, taste and texture, and the control variables in this research are the type of equipment, raw materials and manufacturing techniques. Data analysis in this study used one-way ANOVA. The results of this research show 1) there is no influence on color and texture, 2) there is an influence on shape, taste and level of liking for the purple sweet potato madumongso tape product.

Effects of sacrificial coating material in laser shock peening of L-PBF printed AlSi10Mg

ABSTRACT The objective of this work is to study the effects of different coating materials (black paint, thermoplastic elastomers, black vinyl tape and uncoated surfaces) in Laser Shock Peening (LSP) processing of laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) printed thin AlSi10Mg tubes. The investigations were carried out with pre-identified optimal LSP parameters for the AlSi10Mg material. The study was performed using an analysis of surface residual stresses, where a maximum compressive stress of −85 MPa has been reached, while the depth of the compressive regime stays till 2 mm. The microstructural study reveals the multifold dislocation of the grains and formation of new sub-grains, thus changing the grain boundaries in all experiments due to lattice strain development by LSP. Microhardness has also shown alteration after LSP and accounted for a 5–15% increase in it after LSP. Surface properties, such as roughness and volumetric parameters, have also shown changes after LSP processing.

Pendampingan Inovasi dan Pemasaran Melalui Digital Marketing UMKM Tape Ketan Hitam di Desa Nguling Pasuruan

Community service for black sticky rice tape MSMEs in Nguling Village, Nguling District, Pasuruan Regency aims to provide assistance in innovating products and marketing digitally. The implementation method for this activity uses the ABCD (Asset based community development) method, the steps in implementation include five steps, namely discovery (discover), dream (dream), design (plan), define (determine), destiny (do). The result of community service in this activity is that MSME actors can understand the importance of product innovation and digital marketing and change traditional behavior to modern ones. MSME actors can also apply the results of assistance to their products. As for the implementation of this service, MSME actors receive direct training and assistance regarding product innovation and digital marketing from resource persons or practitioners who are professionals in their fields. Ultimately, all parties hope that this impact will take place in a sustainable manner to achieve the mutually expected goals.

Effect of black sticky rice tape and purple sweet potato formulation on organoleptic properties and anthocyanin content of sweet purple mochi as a high anthocyanin snack to prevent cancer

Cancer is one of the second leading causes of death worldwide. It is estimated that by 2030, cancer incidence could reach 26 million people, and 17 million of them will die because of cancer. Free radicals in the body can cause cancer, so it is very important to consume foods rich in antioxidants, such as black glutinous rice tape and purple sweet potato, because the human body cannot naturally make antioxidants. The study aimed to determine the effect of black sticky rice and purple sweet potato formulations on organoleptic properties (color, aroma, taste, texture, and overall) and the anthocyanin content in sweet purple mochi. The method used a hedonic test to determine the level of liking and UV-VIS spectrophotometry combined with differential pH to determine anthocyanin levels. Thirty participants were students from Nutrition Department, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Bandung. The results showed significant aroma, taste, and overall p<0.05 differences. F3 was the most preferred formulation, containing 11.2 mg of anthocyanins per 70 gram. There were significant effects and differences in the formulation of black sticky rice tape and purple sweet potato on organoleptic properties (aroma, taste, and overall). The anthocyanin content in the product can fulfill the adequacy of anthocyanins in a day, so this product can be used as a snack to prevent cancer.

EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN COOKIES TAPE KETAN HITAM DAN EDUKASI GIZI TERHADAP PENURUNAN BERAT BADAN PADA REMAJA GEMUK

Black glutinous tape contains anthocyanins and has antioxidant activity as well as fiber. Consumption of black glutinous tape at least >11.5grams a day can prevent the occurrence of metabolic syndrome. One of the components of metabolic syndrome is the accumulation of fat around the waist (central obesity). The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of giving black glutinous rice tape cookies and nutritional education on weight loss in obese adolescents. The research design used quasi-experiments before and post-test two groups, by comparing the change in body weight between subjects who were given black tape cookies and subjects who were given nutrition education. The research was conducted in August-September 2017 at SMAN 2 and 3 Cimahi. The population is all students who are obese based on the BMI/U indicator of a Z score value of>+1. The minimum sample size in each group was 21. The study showed that there was an average weight decrease in the group given black glutinous rice tape cookies (0.53+1.41kg) and in the group given nutrition education (0.43+1.40kg). Based on statistical tests, there was no difference in weight before and after the intervention (p>0.05). Giving black glutinous rice tape cookies and providing nutrition education for one month to obese teenagers can lead to weight loss, but this has not been statistically proven. Further research is needed on the provision of sticky rice tape cookies with various weights and with a longer period of time so that the impact of weight loss on obese teenagers can be observed.

Antioxidant Activity and Organoleptic Quality of Crackers with Differences in the Addition of Black Glutinous Tape and Baking Powder

Tapioca flour-based crackers are a popular dry snack in Indonesia, characterized by their high starch content. However, recent developments have focused on creating crackers that are not only tasty but also have high nutritional value. One way to achieve this is by fortifying crackers with fermented products like black glutinous rice tape. This ingredient is known for its excellent nutrition and high antioxidant content, making it a healthy addition to crackers. The expansion of the volume of crackers is the primary factor that affects the crispness and quality of the crackers. This study aims to determine the proportion of the addition of black glutinous rice tape and baking powder concentration to the characteristics of crackers and determine the best crackers that can produce good quality and are acceptable in terms of sensory. The research design was a randomized complete block design with two factors. The first factor of black glutinous rice tape percentage (20, 30, 40%) and the second factor of baking powder concentration (0.1, 0.2, 0.3%) repeated three times resulted in 27 attempts. The ANOVA two-way statistics was utilized by the researchers to evaluate the chemical data, followed by the Tukey test to detect any significant differences among the treatments. Moreover, they employed Friedman's method to carry out organoleptic testing. The Effectiveness Index method identified the best treatment for chemical and organoleptic analysis, which was T3B2 (0.2% baking powder and 40% black glutinous rice tape). This treatment resulted in an antioxidant activity of 141.15 ppm, a water content of 9.05%, and an ash content of 1.71%. In addition, the organoleptic scores for color, aroma, taste, and texture were rated 4.66, 4.66, 3.40, and 3.70, respectively (3=least liked, 4= liked).

THE EFFECT OF GIVING BLACK GLUTINOUS BARTAPE SNACKS (ORIZA SATIVA GLUTINOSA ) ON THE INTENSITY LEVELS OF MENSTRUAL PAIN IN TEENAGE GIRL


 Background: Dysmenorhoe is a situation in which a woman who wills or is experiencing menstruation feels pain. This cramps-like pain is felt in the lower abdomen, usually starting 24 hours before menstruation begins and lasts until the first 12 hours of menstruation, after which all the discomfort has disappeared. The cause is an imbalance of the hormone progesterone in the blood.Various treatment efforts have been made to alleviate these pain symptoms both pharmacologically and non-pharmacologically. Non-pharmacological treatments include giving warm compresses, massages, efflurage , distractions, physical exercise, and adequate rest or consuming foods that contain anthocyanins and flavonoids, one of which is the administration of Black Glutinous Tape.
 Methods : The research method used is quasi-experimental research design with one group pretest-posttest. without control. The sample is 35 female teenage girls (ages 10-19 years) as many as 35 respondents, with a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis consisted of univariate analysis with (mean and standard deviation) and bivariate analysis using the Chi Square test.
 Result : showed there was a decrease in the intensity of menstrual pain in female adolescents showed a decrease from pre-test 4.54 to 3.06 post test.
 Statistical tests using the Wilcoxon sign rank test obtained a probability value of 0.000, smaller than alpha 0.05.
 Conclusion : Giving black sticky rice tape to Teenage girls who reduce dysmenorrhea as a snack can reduce fatigue as a non- pharmacological alternative.

Acceleration Research Based on Arduino Motion

Acceleration of moving objects is usually measured by photoelectric gates. In this paper, a method of acceleration measurement is proposed by pasting white card stock and black tape on a pulley and then using an Arduino to time the motion. This method only needs one photoelectric sensor to measure the acceleration. In contrast, using photoelectric gates to measure acceleration requires more than two photoelectric sensors, and the distance between the two photoelectric sensors has a great influence on the measurement. This distance is difficult to obtain accurately beyond the measurement range of the general caliper. The pulley diameter required by this method can be accurately obtained within the measuring range of a caliper or micrometer, and variable acceleration can also be measured by this method.

COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT THROUGH TRAINING AND ASSISTANCE OF LOCAL MATERIAL APPLIED TECHNOLOGY AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

Background : The problem of poverty is a complex matter involving various aspects such as the fulfillment of food, health, education, employment and so on. Data from the Central Statistics Agency in 2014 shows that poverty rates are still high in Indonesia, which is around 13.8% in rural areas and 8.2% in urban areas. Poverty has a relationship with community welfare and health problems, including problems with the nutritional status of children under five.According to data from the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia in 2013, 19.6% of children under five in Indonesia suffer from malnutrition and malnutrition. One of the long-term indicators for chronic malnutrition in children is childhood stunting. In 2013 in Indonesia as many as 37.3% of children under five, which is about 9 million children under five are short and very short. The efforts made according to this approach are to encourage an entrepreneurial culture, and encourage the emergence of small businesses, as well as encourage individual participation so that they can optimally utilize the entrepreneurial culture and the created business climate. One of the entrepreneurship is the production of black sticky rice tape. The biggest producer of black sticky rice tape in West Java Province is West Bandung Regency. Black sticky rice tape is a food that contains anthocyanins and has antioxidant activity and fiber.
 Methods : Community service is carried out in West Bandung Regency, Cililin sub-district, Kidan Pananjung Village because it is the location of a large black glutinous tape producer center in West Java and in this location research has been carried out related to the consumption of black sticky rice tape in the prevention of non-communicable diseases, namely metabolic syndrome and One of the recommendations of the research results is community development.Based on the above, it is necessary to do community service, namely: Community Empowerment through Training and Assistance in Applied Technology of Local Materials and Entrepreneurship to Cadres in Cililin District, West Bandung Regency.
 Results : The data from the pretest-posttest results of the effect of technology training on processed glutinous rice products in an effort to increase entrepreneurial abilities in Kidang Pananjung Village, Cililin District, West Bandung.
 Conclusion : Community Empowerment through Training and Assistance in Applied Technology of Local Materials and Entrepreneurship to Cadres in Cililin District is necessary to aplly.

Emissivity evaluation of human enamel and dentin.

Background: Human enamel and dentin temperatures have been assessed with non-contact infrared imaging devices for safety and diagnostic capacity and require an emissivity parameter to enable absolute temperature measurements. Emissivity is a ratio of thermal energy emitted from an object of interest, compared to a perfect emitter at a given temperature and wavelength, being dependent on tissue composition, structure, and surface texture. Evaluating the emissivity of human enamel and dentin is varied in the literature and warrants review. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the emissivity of the external and internal surface of human enamel and dentin, free from acquired or developmental defects, against a known reference point. The secondary aim was to assess the emissivity value of natural caries in enamel and dentin. Method: Fourteen whole human molar teeth were paired within a thermally stable chamber at 30°C. Two additional teeth (one sound and one with natural occlusal caries-ICDAS caries score 4 and radiographic score RB4) were sliced and prepared as 1-mm-thick slices and placed on a hot plate at 30°C within the chamber. A 3M Scotch Super 33 + Black Vinyl Electrical Tape was used for the known emissivity reference-point of 0.96. All samples were allowed to reach thermal equilibrium, and a FLIR SC305 infrared camera recorded the warming sequence. Emissivity values were calculated using the Tape reference point and thermal camera software. Results: The external enamel surface mean emissivity value was 0.96 (SD 0.01, 95% CI 0.96-0.97), whereas the internal enamel surface value was 0.97 (SD 0.01, 95% CI 0.96-0.98). The internal crown-dentin mean emissivity value was 0.94 (SD 0.02, 95% CI 0.92-0.95), whereas the internal root-dentin value was 0.93 (SD 0.02, 95% CI 0.91-0.94) and the surface root-dentin had a value of 0.84 (SD 0.04, 95% CI 0.77-0.91). The mean emissivity value of the internal enamel surface with caries was 0.82 (SD 0.05, 95% CI 0.38-1.25), and the value of the internal crown-dentin with caries was 0.73 (SD 0.08, 95% CI 0.54-0.92). Conclusion: The emissivity values of sound enamel, both internal and external, were similar and higher than those of all sound dentin types in this study. Sound dentin emissivity values diminished from the crown to the root and root surface. The lowest emissivity values were recorded in caries lesions of both tissues. This methodology can improve emissivity acquisition for comparison of absolute temperatures between studies which evaluate thermal safety concerns during dental procedures and may offer a caries diagnostic aid.

The Potential of Glutinous Rice Tape Added with Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13 and Saccharomyces boulardii as a Probiotic Food

Glutinous rice tape circulating in the community generally does not contain probiotic cells. However, adding Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13 and Saccharomyces boulardii can increase its potential as a probiotic food. This study is aimed to determine the effect of using glutinous rice varieties and the addition of probiotic cells on the number of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeast, levels of anthocyanins, antioxidant activity, as well as the preference level of glutinous rice tape produced. A completely randomized design with a factorial pattern was used in this study. The first factor was glutinous rice varieties (white and black), while the second was the probiotic inoculum type (Lactobacillus plantarum Dad 13 and Saccharomyces boulardii) which were added simultaneously or individually. The result show that adding the probiotic cells simultaneously or individually in the production of white and black glutinous rice tape increased the LAB amount by 2 log cycles and yeast by 1 log cycle. The addition of Saccharomyces boulardii together with Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13, or individually, resulted in higher anthocyanin levels in black glutinous rice tape than white glutinous tape. The antioxidant activity of white glutinous rice tape was improved by the addition of probiotic cells. For the black glutinous rice tape, the antioxidant activity (87.57-88.61 %RSA) was higher than the activity of white glutinous rice tape (15.58-51.22 %RSA). Furthermore, adding Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13 simultaneously with Saccharomyces boulardii increased the preference level on aroma, color, taste, texture, and overall, and produced the white glutinous rice tape that the panelists most favored.

Karakteristik dan Tingkat Kesukaan Es Krim Tape Ketan (Oryza sativa) dan Singkong (Manihot esculenta) Probiotik

Tape is a traditional fermented food whose benefits can be increased by adding probiotic cells such as Saccharomyces boulardii and Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13. Tape tends to be easily damaged, so to maintain the viability of probiotics and as a food diversification, tape can be substituted for ice cream dough. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of substitution and the proportion of substitution of glutinous rice and cassava tape in the manufacture of ice cream on the characteristics and preference level of probiotic ice cream. This research method was carried out using a completely randomized design with a factorial pattern with two factors, the first factor was the type of tape, and the second factor was the proportion of substitution. The type of tape used are white cassava tape, yellow cassava tape, white glutinous rice tape, and black glutinous rice tape with substitution proportions of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. Analysis of probiotic sticky rice tape and cassava ice cream included water content, total solids, melting time, antioxidant activity, total lactic acid bacteria, total yeast, and preference level. The data obtained will be calculated using the Anova statistikal method. If there is a significant difference between treatments, it is carried out with Duncan's Multiple Range Test significant difference test at a confidence level of α= 5%. The results showed that glutinous rice and cassava tape types and their substitution proportions affected the water content, total solids, melting time, antioxidant activity, total lactic acid bacteria, total yeast, and preference level. Based on the preference level and antioxidant activity, the best ice cream was produced with the substitution of 20% white cassava tape or 20% yellow cassava tape, which had an antioxidant activity of 32.41% and 33.17% RSA and total lactic acid bacteria of 1.79 x 108 and 1.67 x 108 CFU/g, respectively.

Button battery taping and disposal: Risk reduction strategies for the household setting

ObjectivesPediatric esophageal button battery (BB) injury occurs rapidly and continues to be a significant source of morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, a BB that no longer supplies power to a device can still have enough residual voltage to cause injury within the body. Development of additional prevention strategies for consumers may reduce esophageal injury risk. MethodsIn this study, 24 commercially available button batteries (BBs) were horizontally and vertically wrapped (2 layers, full circumferential coverage, 90° apart) with 6 different types of common household tapes (Scotch®/clear, Scotch®/Magic, masking tape, packing tape/clear, packing tape/brown, black electrical tape) and left at room temperature for 30 days. In addition, 6 of the CR2032 batteries covered with each type of tape were placed in a cadaveric piglet esophageal model for a 4-h period and then compared to controls without tape for tissue pH changes and visible tissue injury. ResultsNone of the tape-wrapped batteries showed voltage changes nor presented any hazard stemming from BB ingestion. All 6 tape covered batteries placed in the cadaveric piglet esophageal tissue model demonstrated no visible tissue injury and no change in tissue pH in contrast to the controls. Review of BB packaging language from various brands of commercially available CR2032 batteries showed that none had specific disposal recommendations. ConclusionBoth BB and electronics manufacturers should consider instructing the use of common household tape options to cover these BB immediately after removal from a device for either recycling or disposal. Such precautions may help to reduce related ingestion injuries in children.

Enabling High-Performance Surfaces of Biodegradable Magnesium Alloys via Femtosecond Laser Shock Peening with Ultralow Pulse Energy.

The fast degradation rate and poor wear resistance of magnesium (Mg) alloys in physiological environments have limited their potential usage as next-generation biodegradable orthopedic implant materials. In this work, femtosecond laser shock peening (fs-LSP) was successfully applied to simultaneously improve the surface mechanical, corrosion, and tribocorrosion properties of WE43 Mg alloys in blood bank buffered saline solution at body temperature. Specifically, the treated surfaces of WE43 Mg alloys via fs-LSP with ultralow pulse energy were investigated under different power densities, confining mediums, and absorbent materials. It was found that the combination of a black tape and a quartz layer gave the optimum peening effect under a power density of 28 GW/cm2, which simultaneously strengthened the surface and reduced the corrosion kinetics. In addition, a rapid self-repassivation was observed in fs-LSP-treated WE43 surfaces during tribocorrosion, promising sustained corrosion resistance under mechanical loading, critical to the reliability of load-bearing implants. Finally, the subsurface microstructural evolution and residual stress development in WE43 after fs-LSP were discussed based on the results from transmission electron microscopy analysis and finite element simulations.

Effectiveness of the vahanwala method in determining sex through cheiloscopy in scanned impressions of a group of peruvian students

To demonstrate the effectiveness to determine sex through cheiloscopy using the Vahanwala method in scanned lip impressions at the Tupac Amaru Apurímac Secondary Training Entity for Minors in Lima, Peru in 2017. 94 lip imprint samples were collected for the study, of which 44 were from male and 50 from females. The lip prints were made using black lipstick, adhesive tape, swabs, and bond paper. After the collection, a HP Deskjet 2540 scanner was used to obtain images of the lip prints, and these were analyzed with the Adobe Photoshop CS6 program. The following aspects were recorded and evaluated; type of labial grooves, distribution of the labial commissures, lip thickness and the relationship these aspects had in the differentiation of gender. Concordance between the result of the method and the real sex of the lip print was evaluated with the statistical-kappa test. 55.4% presented horizontal labial commissures in both sexes, 45.5% of the males presented medium lip thickness, while 34.0% of the females presented mixed type lip thickness. In relation to lip furrows, class IV furrows predominated in 59.2% of men, with class I and II furrows being found in 72.0% of women. The Vahanwala method is effective for sex determination using scanned lip impressions.

Semi-Autonomous Trolley Cart

Semi-Autonomous Trolley Cart is design to reduce the chances of flight attendants from getting injuries while performing their duties. This project will help flight attendants to move the trolley cart comfortably and smoothly. The weight of this trolley including its loads weighs at approximately 25KG. It can move by itself using a rocker switch as this trolley is equipped with line following sensor underneath it. This trolley is also equipped with some electrical component. There is a line following sensor underneath the trolley. This sensor will follow a straight line that will be place along the aisle using a black tape. This project primarily focused on the trolley being a semi-autonomous and it will be controlled by switch.

Comparison of efficacy of ketamine and dexmedetomidine for prevention of pain due to propofol injection

Background: Propofol is a popular intravenous anesthetic induction agent which produces a smooth, rapid induction with rapid clearance and recovery but Pain on injection with Propofol is a common problem and can be very distressing to the patient. Ketamine is a phencyclidine derivative routinely used as an inducing agent and Dexmedetomidine Hydrochloride, an imidazole compound is the alpha 2 agonist. The present study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of Ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) and Dexmedetomidine (0.5 mcg/kg) in preventing the incidence and reducing the severity of pain on Propofol injection.Method: 150 patients, ASA I&II, 18-60 year old undergoing elective surgical procedure under general anaesthesia (GA) were randomly assigned into 3 equal groups. Group C, Group K and Group D. In Group C 10 ml Normal Saline, In Group K Ketamine 0.5 mg/kg diluted to 10 ml with normal saline and in Group D Dexmedetomidine 0.5 mcg/kg diluted to 10 ml with normal saline was infused over 10 minutes before injecting Propofol. All study medications were prepared in a 10ML syringe that was covered with black tape by an anaesthesiologist who was not involved in the study. HR,BP,SPO2and Pain Scores were noted at baseline, after premedication, while injecting study drugs at 3, 5 and 10 minutes and while injecting Propofol at the beginning, after half Propofol was injected, after complete Propofol was injected and at 1,3 and 5 minutes after completing the Propofol. Incidence and severity of pain and involuntary movements, verbal communication by the patient was watched constantly. Injection pain was graded using a 4-point scale. The pain score was evaluated as ‘0’ when there was no discomfort in the injection area (no pain), ‘1’ when the patient simply answered

The suitability of smartphone camera sensors for detecting radiation

The advanced image sensors installed on now-ubiquitous smartphones can be used to detect ionising radiation in addition to visible light. Radiation incidents on a smartphone camera’s Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) sensor creates a signal which can be isolated from a visible light signal to turn the smartphone into a radiation detector. This work aims to report a detailed investigation of a well-reviewed smartphone application for radiation dosimetry that is available for popular smartphone devices under a calibration protocol that is typically used for the commercial calibration of radiation detectors. The iPhone 6s smartphone, which has a CMOS camera sensor, was used in this study. Black tape was utilized to block visible light. The Radioactivity counter app developed by Rolf-Dieter Klein and available on Apple’s App Store was installed on the device and tested using a calibrated radioactive source, calibration concrete pads with a range of known concentrations of radioactive elements, and in direct sunlight. The smartphone CMOS sensor is sensitive to radiation doses as low as 10 µGy/h, with a linear dose response and an angular dependence. The RadioactivityCounter app is limited in that it requires 4–10 min to offer a stable measurement. The precision of the measurement is also affected by heat and a smartphone’s battery level. Although the smartphone is not as accurate as a conventional detector, it is useful enough to detect radiation before the radiation reaches hazardous levels. It can also be used for personal dose assessments and as an alarm for the presence of high radiation levels.

The effect of laser shock processing on mechanical properties of an advanced powder material depending on different ablative coatings and confinement medias

Based on the effect of confinement media and ablative coating, laser shock processing (LSP) is a surface modification processing with properties of high efficiency, cleaning, and non-pollution. At room temperature, water is used as the common confinement media and black tape is used as ablative coating in LSP. However, due to the instability of water and black tape at high temperature, warm laser shock processing (WLSP) favors silicone oil as confinement media and aluminum foil as ablative coating, where aluminum foil is pasted on specimen surface by thin vacuum grease. Due to the differences in confinement media and ablative coating, this work focuses on the effect of confinement media and ablative coating on surface quality and mechanical property of FGH98 powder material treated by LSP. FGH98 specimens were strengthened by LSP at room temperature with different confinement medias and ablative coatings. Three groups were divided based on confinement media and ablative coating: water+black tape, water+aluminum foil, and silicone oil+aluminum foil. The group of black tape and silicone oil was removed for the absence of practical significance in engineering. 2D and 3D surface topography was observed by white-light interference surface profilometer (WLI). In addition, surface microhardness and compressive residual stress were determined. The results show that a circular pit is induced by LSP, and its shape is similar to the shape of the Gaussian curve. Compared with the other groups, the 2D surface topography of the circular pit section in the silicone oil+aluminum foil group is smoother, which would delay crack initiation. After LSP treatment, surface microhardness is improved by 7.8-10.6%, and compressive residual stress raises from 355MPa to 896MPa in the first group. According to the comparison of residual stress and surface quality, the effect of confinement media and ablative coating groups on laser shock pressure is ranked in order: water+black tape > water+aluminum foil > silicone oil+aluminum foil. The main reasons for that group order are that shock pressure may be consumed by grease cream and the reduced acoustic impedance of silicone oil is lower than that of water.

Preliminary investigation on performance of photodiode sensor as a dosimeter

Radiation dosimetry in the health and medicine field is crucial to ensure there is no unnecessary ionizing radiation exposure to patients and personnel. While various types of semiconductor dosimeters are available, photodiode sensors are seen as a reliable and cost-effective immediate dosimeter. This study investigates the capabilities of a monolithic photodiode with an on-chip trans-impedance amplifier as a dosimeter in diagnostic radiology. A photodiode sensor covered with black insulation tape is irradiated with the diagnostic x-ray of potential in range between 40 to 90 kV with constant tube current-time product of 50 mAs at 60 cm source-to-detector distance (SDD). Exposures of different tube current at the range of 10 to 250 mA with a constant tube voltage of 70 kVp at the same setup are made. The photodiode sensor connected to the electrometer gives out readings in the millivolt (mV), and the output of the photodiode and semiconductor detector is recorded. The photodiode’s energy dependency, reproducibility, dose response, and distance dependency were evaluated as the capabilities of the photodiode to be used as a dosimeter. For energy dependency, it shows a linearity of 0.9458, while the response to increasing tube current with a constant tube voltage shows the R2 of 0.912. The photodiode shows good dependency on the tube voltage and tube current. Other than that, it also showed a linear coefficient of 0.5138 for distance dependence which is considered as a good linearity fit value for a photodiode as initial performance. However, its reproducibility is poor due to its large capacitance. This monolithic photodiode with an on-chip trans-impedance amplifier has demonstrated good results for energy dependency but poor results for reproducibility. However, the photodiode can be improvised in the future to ensure it is suitable as a dosimeter.