Bituminous Sandstone Deposits Research Articles

INVESTIGATION OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC EFFECT ON THE PROCESS OF OIL DISPLACEMENT FROM BITUMINOUS SANDSTONE USING A FERROMAGNETIC FLUID

In Azerbaijan, due to natural oil, there are large reserves of bituminous rocks. Absheron-Gobustan district has 11 bituminous sandstone deposits with reserves of 12,673,6600 tons [1-3]. The largest reserves are concentrated in the Balakhan part of the Kirmaki Mountains, the reserves of which amount to more than 50 million tons. For the purpose of extraction of oil from bituminous rocks different methods and methods are used. The results of the study of electromagnetic effects on the process of displacement of oil from bituminous sand with the use of ferromagnetic liquid are given in this work. Keywords: bituminous sands, oil extraction, ferromagnetic liquid.

Bituminous Sandstone Deposits of Utah: ABSTRACT

Bituminous Sandstone Deposits of Utah: ABSTRACT

Review of Oil and Gas Developments in Utah and Nevada, 1965-1966: ABSTRACT

The most significant development in Utah was the January 1, 1966, completion of the Phillips Petroleum Company's A-1 Bridger Lake Fork well in Summit County. The well was tested for 2,753 b/d of 40.3° API gravity oil. Drilling activity for 1965 in Utah decreased from 1964. There were 37 fewer wells and 233,422 less feet drilled. It is estimated that the number of wells to be drilled in 1966 will be fewer than those completed in 1965. However, the total footage will be about the same. End_Page 2028------------------------------ Since Utah reached its peak production in 1959, the state has experienced a continued drop in oil production of about 3 million bbls. per year. This rate of decline was observed for 1965, and will be about the same for 1966. The Uinta basin in Utah was the only geologic province that remained active as a result of several successful wildcat completions. These discoveries were significant because they expanded the Red Wash field into a belt of production that presently extends for 50 mi. Although exploration for conventional oil fields has declined in recent years, a great upturn in drilling activity became apparent in the evaluation of numerous oil shale and bituminous sandstone deposits of Utah. Shell Oil Company presently is conducting a steam-injection pilot flood in the Sunnyside area and two additional thermal recovery projects are pending. Drilling activity in Nevada has been concentrated in the Eagle Springs oil field. Presently there are 10 producing wells which have proved the existence of 800 productive acres. Elsewhere, Gulf Oil Corporation is drilling the fifth well in its current series to evaluate the stratigraphy and petroleum potential of various basin valleys in east-central Nevada. It has been reported that Gulf Oil Corporation will drill several additional wells. End_of_Article - Last_Page 2029------------

Some Possible Applications of Thermal Recovery in Utah

Abstract The bituminous sandstones of the Rocky Mountain region have significant reserves of oil. Production costs of the reserves must be reduced to be equal to or lower than the cost of crude oil produced by conventional methods. Three Utah deposits alone, Sunnyside, Vernal (Asphalt Ridge) and Whiterocks contain proved reserves of 875 million bbl of oil and "possible" reserves in excess of one billion bbl. In addition, there are at least six more deposits of asphaltic sands which contain substantial reserves within the state. The most important deposits in Utah from the standpoint of thermal recovery are those of the Sunnyside area, Carbon County, Utah and the Asphalt Ridge-Vernal deposits, Uintah County, Utah. Two other areas which have thermal recovery potential are the bituminous sandstones of the Whiterocks area, Uintah County, Utah and the San Rafael Swell-Nequoia Arch area in Emery, Wayne and Garfield counties, Utah. A preliminary evaluation of these four areas is discussed from the standpoint of geology, reservoir engineering, costs, markets and future development possibilities. These four, and perhaps three of the six areas of lesser importance, compare favorably with areas now being developed by thermal methods in California, Oklahoma, Texas and Kansas. Introduction The threat of large-volume, low-cost imported oil moving into the United States, combined with ever increasing exploration, drilling, completion and production costs, makes it imperative that the American oil industry take a long, hard look at the tremendous amount of oil in the bituminous sandstone deposits, in oil shale reserves and in shallow-to-moderate-depth depleted or semidepleted fields where production has declined beyond the point of profitable return on production costs. For example, prior to 1950 the only method considered at all feasible for producing the bituminous sandstones of the Rocky Mountain region was by either conventional or strip mining and extracting the bitumen through various types of separation processes.

Stratigraphic and Structural Controls of Bituminous Sandstone Deposits of Utah: ABSTRACT

The bituminous sandstones of Utah contain very significant reserves of oil which can add substantially to overall United States oil reserves. An understanding of the origin of the bitumen, the nature of the reservoir rock, and the mechanics of emplacement will lead to a more intelligent exploration program and to a more efficient development of the deposits. All of the bituminous sandstone deposits of commercial importance are located in the eastern half of the State of Utah. The largest of these is the Sunnyside deposit located in Carbon County. Next in order of importance are the deposits of the Asphalt Ridge area, the Whiterocks area, the Peor Springs deposits, and the bituminous sandstones of the Green River Desert. The reserves of these areas are much greater than pr viously estimated. The deposits in the Sunnyside--Peor Springs areas are stratigraphically controlled, occurring on a north-dipping monocline where the highly organic Green River Formation intertongues with the fluvial beds of the Wasatch Formation. Bitumen at Asphalt Ridge is contained in sandstone and conglomerate of the Eocene (?) Duchesne River Formation and in the basal sandstones of the Cretaceous Mesaverde Formation. In the former, bitumen beds saturation is related to unconformities and to faulting. In the latter, the saturation is related directly to progressive overlap and truncation, combined with structural folding. A Cretaceous source for the saturation in the basal Mesaverde beds is now proposed in view of new data rather than a Tertiary origin as interpreted previously. Th accumulation of bitumen in the Navajo Sandstone of Jurassic age in the Whiterocks area, previously believed to have been primarily the result of stratigraphic controls and of Tertiary origin, is postulated to be of Paleozoic origin and the result, primarily, of strong structural control. The localization of bitumen in the Tertiary beds of the Chapita Wells--Dragon--Rainbow--Pariette Bench areas of the Uinta basin is related directly to good porosity and permeability within a reservoir associated with relatively strong structural controls, including both fracturing and faulting. It is proposed that the high pour-point, high wax crude oil of the Red Wash--Walker Hollow--Wonsits--Brennan Bottoms--River Junction--Pariette Bench--Monument Butte oil fields represents the original, first-phas oil. The second-phase oil is represented by original entrapped oil which escaped upward when faulting and subsequent fracturing of the reservoir took place. The oil moved into the porous and permeable sandstones cut by the fractures and faults and, during erosion, the lighter fractions escaped. Because of the viscosity of the crude when the larger fracture systems opened, only a relatively small percentage of oil was able to move into the sandstone reservoirs. The greater volume was left in the fractures which remained open and, with more complete oxidation and subsequent induration, formed the many exotic hydrocarbons of the basin such as gilsonite, elaterite, wurtzilite, ozocerite, tabbeyite, and others. The difference in chemical composition is intimately associated with the sourc beds as stated in the literature; however, the mechanics of emplacement have heretofore never been explained adequately. The localization of bitumen in the Moenkopi, Kaibab, and the White Rim Formations of the Green River Desert area in central Utah is related directly both to structural and stratigraphic controls. Local entrapment of oil in post-Laramide structures was probably controlled by regional hydrodynamics, because a fairly well-defined asphalt-water contact is present. Furthermore, the best saturations occur on well-defined structural features. The origin of the oil undoubtedly was the Permian Kaibab Limestone or, where it is missing, the basal marine facies of the Moenkopi Formation. There are other areas of lesser importance where the relationship between the controlling par meter End_of_Article - Last_Page 1577------------