Bisulfite Compounds Research Articles

Reduced acetic acid formation using NaHSO3 as a steering agent by Actinobacillus succinogenes GXAS137.

The high production of acetic acid (AC) as a by-product leads to difficult separation and purification of succinic acid (SA) and increases production costs in SA fermentation by Actinobacillus succinogenes. NaHSO3 as a steering agent was used to reduce AC production. Herein, the optimum fermentation conditions were achieved by single-factor and orthogonal tests as follows: glucose 60g/L; MgCO3 60g/L; NaHSO3 0.15% (w/v); and NaHSO3 addition time, 8h after inoculation. After optimization, the SA and AC contents were 44.42 and 5.73g/L. The SA improved by 100.72%, the AC decreased by 21.18% compared with the unfermented. The acetate kinase activity decreased by 14.36% and acetyl-CoA content improved by 97.55% in the group of NaHSO3 addition compared with control check (CK). The mechanism of NaHSO3 is formation acetaldehyde-sodium bisulfite compound and reduction the activity of acetate kinase. These findings indicated a new way of using NaHSO3 as a steering agent to reduce AC generation and may help promote the development of SA industrial production.

Experimental estimation of the bisulfite isomer quotient as a function of temperature: Implications for sulfur isotope fractionations in aqueous sulfite solutions

Bisulfite (HSO3−) and sulfite (SO32−) compounds play key roles in numerous geochemical and biochemical processes extending from the atmosphere to the subseafloor biosphere. Despite decades of spectroscopic investigations, the molecular composition of HSO3− in solution remains uncertain and, thus, the role of bisulfite in (bio)chemical and isotope fractionation processes is unclear. We report new experimental estimates for the bisulfite isomer quotient (Qi = [(HO)SO2−]/[(HS)O3−]; [] = concentration) as a function of temperature from the interpretation of Raman spectra collected from aqueous NaHSO3 solutions contained in fused silica capsules. In pure NaHSO3 solutions (1Na+:1HSO3−, stoichiometric) over [NaHSO3] = 0.2–0.4 m (moles/kg H2O), the following relationship is obtained: ln(Qi)=878.59(±32.98)T-1.9642(±0.1081),where T = 278–358 K (5–85 °C) (based on 50 determinations; additional significant figures are provided to avoid rounding errors). This relationship suggests that the minor isomer, (HS)O3−, may comprise 23–38% (±3%) of the mole fraction of HSO3− over 5–85 °C, respectively, which is higher in relative abundance than has generally been understood previously. We additionally provide estimates for Qi in NaHSO3 solutions containing a total ionic strength of µ = 1.0 m (0.2 m NaHSO3 + 0.8 m NaCl) and different pH (3.3–4.5), but do not appear to resolve any significant differences in Qi as a function of these additional variables. These new values of Qi are employed to re-assess the bulk sulfur isotope fractionations among bisulfite and other S(IV) compounds as a function of temperature, which appear to be highly dependent on the amount of (HS)O3− present. Our new constraints on the bisulfite isomer quotient may allow for a detailed assessment of the molecular composition and isotope mass balance of S(IV) solutions containing HSO3−, and may be useful in the further investigation of the mechanisms and isotope fractionations associated with a number of processes that involve bisulfite compounds. These may include the intracellular enzymatic transformations of sulfite and bisulfite compounds that occur as part of dissimilatory sulfate reduction, which is a major and geologically important form of anaerobic respiration.

Structure and solution equilibria of d-glucose and d-mannose sulfite adducts

An X-ray crystallographic study has confirmed that the potassium bisulfite adducts of d-glucose and d-mannose have open-chain structures with R and S configurations respectively at C-1. NMR studies have shown that each sugar gives rise to two bisulfite compounds, and solution-state structures and conformations of these isomers have been deduced from analysis of 1H NMR spectra. 13C NMR data for the four adducts are given. Furanose forms of the d-glucose and d-mannose have been detected in the equilibrium solutions.

Myeloperoxidase of the leukocyte of normal blood. Nature of the prosthetic group of myeloperoxidase.

The absorption spectra of alkaline pyridine hemochrome of myeloperoxidase in its native, acid, and modified forms were similar to those of heme a, and the molar extinction coefficient of myeloperoxidase heme was very similar to that of heme a, assuming that myeloperoxidase contains only one heme. The anaerobic titration of myeloperoxidase with dithionite showed that one electron was consumed per molecule of the enzyme for its conversion to its reduced form. The EPR spectrum of myeloperoxidase indicated that the enzyme contains both high-spin heme and non-heme iron. Carbonyl reagents, such as borohydride, hydrazine, and benzhydrazide, reacted with myeloperoxidase, causing blue shifts in its absorption spectrum. The heme was labeled with a tritium of boro[3H]hydride, suggesting that the reagents reacted with a formyl group on the porphyrin ring of the myeloperoxidase heme. When hydrazine was added to cyanide complex I of myeloperoxidase the complex was converted to the hydrazine-enzyme compound. Myeloperoxidase reacted with bisulfite to form a compound with an absorption spectrum similar to that of cyanide complex I. Borohydride-treated myeloperoxidase formed only one cyanide complex, while the native enzyme formed two different cyanide complexes, I (Kd = 0.3 muM) and II (approximate Kd = 0.1 mM). The EPR spectrum indicated that cyanide complex I of myeloperoxidase still contained high-spin heme. The results suggested that cyanide complex I and the bisulfite compound of myeloperoxidase were adducts between the nucleophilic reagents and the formyl group of myeloperoxidase heme. Based on these results, we concluded that one of the two iron atoms in a myeloperoxidase molecule exists in a formyl-heme moiety similar to heme a and the other exists as a non-heme iron.

Syntheses with stable isotopes: DL‐valine‐13C3

AbstractThe synthesis of DL‐2‐amino‐3‐methyl‐13C‐butanoic‐3,4‐13C3 acid (DL‐valine‐13C3) is described. Acetonitrile‐2‐13C was converted to 2‐methyl‐13C‐2‐thiazoline, which was dialkylated with methyl‐13C iodide to give 2‐(isopropyl‐13C3)‐2‐thiazoline. Subsequent reduction and hydrolysis of the isopropylthiazoline afforded 2‐methyl‐13C‐propanal‐2,3‐13C2, which was isolated as the bisulfite addition product. A modified Strecker synthesis with the bisulfite compound gave DL‐valine‐13C3 in good overall yield.

Histochemical and chemical demonstration of reactive aldehyde groups in elastin.

To ascertain the presence of free aldehyde radicals in elastic fibers, a histochemical method using the Sawicki reagent (N-methyl-benzothiazolone hydrazone) was employed. Three separate studies were conducted on the elastic tissue of bovine ligamentum nuchae. The elastic fibers were tested (a) in native state, (b) after extraction using an autoclave method and (c) after hot NaOH treatment. Free aldehyde radicals were detected histochemically in native and treated fibers, indicating a close attachment of the carbonyl groups to the fibrous-protein component of the elastic material. Pretreatment of the sections with NaBH4 or with NaHSO3 abolished the staining, indicating that the aldehydes in elastin can be reduced or blocked by the addition of bisulfite compounds. The presence of free carbonyl compounds in elastin was confirmed by chemical data with a new chromatographic technique. Using QAE Sephadex column pretreated with sodium bisulfite, aldehyde-bearing peptide fractions could be isolated from the elastin fibers.

Direct Gas-Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Water-Soluble Vitamin K3 in Feed Premixes

Abstract A method for the quantitative determination of menadione bisulfite addition products in feed premixes is presented. The menadione bisulfite compound is extracted with methanol from the premix and is determined by gas chromatography directly without pretreatment with alkali. The principle of the method is on-column pyrolysis of menadione bisulfite and subsequent gas chromatographic analysis of the pyrolytic product, menadione.

Bisulfite compounds as metabolic inhibitors: nonspecific effects on membranes

Bisulfite compounds as metabolic inhibitors: nonspecific effects on membranes

Inhibition of the β-Carboxylation Pathway of CO2 Fixation by Bisulfite Compounds

Inhibition of the β-Carboxylation Pathway of CO₂ Fixation by Bisulfite Compounds

Methyl azelaaldehydate purification via the bisulfite compound

AbstractMethyl azelaaldehydate was obtained at 99.8% purity with 82.5% recovery from the ozonolysis products of commercial methyl oleate by separations as the sodium bisulfite addition compound, regeneration with 10% NaOH, and distillation.

Some properties of p-(trimethylsilyl)benzaldehyde

1. Some properties of p-(trimethylsilyl)benzaldehyde were studied. It gives characteristic qualitative reactions of carbonyl compounds (silver mirror and reaction with Schiff's reagent) and freely gives addition and condensation reactions with sodium bisulfite, 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, semicarbazide, hydroxylamine, ammonia, and aromatic amines. 2. The bisulfite compound, carbazone, and oxime of p-(trimethyisilyl)benzaldehyde were prepared for the first time, as also were 4,4%4′'-tristrimethylsilylhydroberizamide and N-p-(trimethylsilyl)benzylideneaniline. 3. It was shown that it is possible to prepare silicon-containing dyes of the triphenylmethane series.

Études sur les matières végétales volatiles CLXVII Sur la β‐déhydro‐elsholtzione et sur quelques dérivés de l'elsholtzione

AbstractPure β‐dehydro‐elsholtzione is obtained by means of the sodium salt of its bisulfite compound. The syn and anti 2,4‐dinitrophenylhydrazones are prepared. The KISHNER‐WOLFF reduction of elsholtzione gives the corresponding furan, which by hydrogenation is converted into a mixture of cis and trans 3‐methyl‐2‐isoamyl‐furans.

Bisulfite Compounds of Azo Dyes. V. Bisulfite Reaction of Azo Dyes Containing Two Auxochromes

Bisulfite Compounds of Azo Dyes. V. Bisulfite Reaction of Azo Dyes Containing Two Auxochromes