Birth Weight Babies Research Articles

Micronutrient intakes in a young antenatal population—10‐year Retrospective survey at a Sydney hospital clinic

AbstractAimNutritional requirements are increased in young people to support growth, and this is particularly critical when pregnancy occurs within young age groups. The aim was to describe nutritional intakes (with particular emphasis on iron and calcium) and selected pregnancy outcomes, in a young antenatal population aged 14–24 years.MethodA retrospective audit was conducted using 404 records from a young parents' antenatal clinic which included prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), pregnancy weight gain, baby birth weight, nutritional biochemistry, and dietitian assessment of iron and calcium intakes and supplement use. Age groups were compared (adolescents aged 14–18 years versus older 19–24 years clients), and regression analysis was used to explore potential predictors of birth outcomes.ResultsThere was no difference in prepregnancy body mass index for age, pregnancy weight gain, baby birth weight or outcomes, between the age groups. Based on food group serves, intakes were inadequate for iron in 82% of clients and for calcium in 72%. Iron status declined in both groups during the pregnancy, while adolescents had less adequate calcium intake (p = 0.0001). Supplement use was more common in clients with poor iron (p = 0.015) or vitamin D status (p < 0.0001).ConclusionIron and calcium intakes were inadequate in this nutritionally vulnerable population. Further research would be beneficial to identify effective interventions to improve nutrition in this cohort.

Perceptions des gestantes sur le vaccin contre la COVID-19 à Kinshasa, R.D. Congo. Etude qualitative multicentrique menée dans la Zone de santé de Binza Ozone

The aim of this study was to understand pregnant women's perceptions of vaccination against COVID-19. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach. Data was collected through individual interviews and focus groups. Data analysis consisted of a thematic analysis of the content of the interviews. The target population was made up of pregnant women who had attended the maternity units selected for the study in the Binza Ozone Health Zone. The main results showed that pregnant women's willingness to be vaccinated was hampered by fear and concern about serious adverse post-vaccinal events, congenital malformations in the unborn baby, premature deliveries and low birth weight babies. Vaccinating pregnant women against COVID-19 is one of the effective strategies that can be put in place to protect them from the fatal complications of COVID-19.

Effectiveness of NDT method in cases of Cerebral Palsy Ataxia

Background: As many as 2.5% of children out of 1000 live births in the world have a higher risk of developing CP, and as many as 70% of CP occurs if the baby's birth weight is low, infections during pregnancy and the child's growth and development, obstruction of the birth canal, and stress experienced by the mother. causes the baby to experience CP. Objective: The case study aims to determine the benefits of the NDT approach method for CP Ataxia in improving movement control, eliciting reflexes, increasing core stability and lower extremity muscle strength, and increasing functional activity. Method: In the case of CP Ataxia, the NDT method is used in the form of handling with falling reflex training, handling with training standing on a balance board, facilitation with training getting up and down a balance board, facilitation with walking and pushing a chair. Evaluation was carried out 4 times over 3 weeks with GMFM, and checking balance reflexes. Results: After physiotherapy, it was found that there was an increase in movement control, the emergence of reflexes in children where the appearance of the protective side ward reflex increased starting at T3, while the emergence of the paracute side ward reflex began at T4. There was an increase in muscle strength and functional activity measured by GMFM, resulting in T1 63.36%; T2 63.36%; T3 64.36%; T4 67.3%. Conclusion: The NDT approach as a method for managing CP Ataxia with 4x therapy for 3 weeks is effective in improving movement control, eliciting reflexes, increasing core stability and lower extremity muscle strength, and increasing functional activity.

Prevalence of Anemia among Adolescent School Girls of Bardoli Taluka, Surat, Gujarat

Introduction: Anemia is a serious public health challenge in India. It affects women, adolescents and children throughout the lifecycle. In boys and girls it limits their development, learning ability, reduce concentration in daily task, increases risk of infections, increases school dropout rates and reduces their physical activity. Anemia in girls can increase risk of pregnancy associated complications like premature births, low birth weight of baby and perinatal and maternal mortality. Aims of the study: The aim of the present study was to identify the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among adolescent school girls of Bardoli, Surat. Material and methods: A cross sectional survey was carried out to identify the prevalence of anemia among 815 adolescent school girls from both Government and Private schools by using non probability purposive sampling technique and who fulfilled the inclusion criteria Digital hemoglobinometer was used to collect capillary blood for estimation of hemoglobin level. Result: Study results showed that, 694 (85 %) girls were having anemia and 15% of them had normal hemoglobin level. 48% had mild anemia and 37% had moderate level of anemia. 2 (0.24%) girls had severe anemia. It was highly prevalent among 417 (60.15 %) girls of government schools than the private school. Majority 551 of them were under weight (BMI < 18.5). Level of anemia was significant with age, residence, dietary pattern, education and occupation of parents, family income. Menstruation related factors like regularity, amount of blood loss was significant. Conclusion: Anemia is still a major health problem in our country. Anaemia among adolescent girls still continues to be a significant public health problem.

Efficacy of B-Lynch Compression Suture for Control of Primary Post-Partum Hemorrhage

OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the B-Lynch compression suture for primary post-partum hemorrhage control. METHODOLOGY It is a prospective cross-sectional study performed for two years, i.e., 1 November 2021 to 31 October 2023, at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in a tertiary care hospital. This study included 65 study cases out of 23,964 with primary post-partum hemorrhage (PPH) due to uterine atony during cesarean delivery not responding to pharmacological treatment and was managed by applying B-Lynch compression sutures. The amount of blood loss, demographic characteristics, birth weight of babies, causative factors, and other related complications were studied in such selected cases. RESULTSB-Lynch compression suture presented a success rate of 97% in the present study. 52% had blood loss of 1000-1500ml, 29% had loss between 1501-2000ml and 18% had 2001-2500ml blood loss. 6% had wound gaping, 10.7% had a fever, and 8% had more than seven days stay in hospital, and wound infections were noted. CONCLUSION Our study concluded that the B-Lynch compression suture had a success rate of 97% in the management of primary post-partum hemorrhage, with few post-operative complications. The current research demonstrates the efficacy of B-Lynch as a lifesaving, easy, effectual technique that avoids hysterectomy and thus avoids heavy blood loss.

Impact of a ROP mentoring program in rural regions of Colombia

PurposeTo assess the impact of a retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) mentoring program in four rural regions with 31 neonatal units in Colombia between 2011 and 2019. MethodsIndicators recommended by the national program were used for assessment: screening coverage of eligible preterm newborns, proportion screened with any stage of ROP, and proportion of screened infants treated. Data were also collected on the number of units with ROP services and birth weight (BW) and gestational age (GA) of babies treated. Data on the number of preterm births, BWs of infants screened, and their ROP status (any/none) were extracted from the national health information system. Ophthalmologists in each region provided data on the number screened and treated. A linear-by-linear statistic was used to assess trends in the indicators before and during mentoring. ResultsOf the 31 neonatal units, the number providing ROP services increased from 7 (23%) to 26 (84%). The number of eligible infants born in the four regions (total 33,521) was stable over the study period, the proportion screened increased from 14% to 41%, the proportion of those screened who were found to have any ROP tended to decrease overtime, and the proportion of those screened who were treated declined from 9% to 3%, with some regional variation. By year 3 no infant with a BW ≥2000 g or GA of >36 weeks was treated. ConclusionsIn our study, mentoring rural providers proved a valuable strategy for inducing new screening programs, increasing coverage, and improving local capacities in neonatal care and ROP services.

Factors affecting early initiation of breastfeeding among mothers of urban area of Jabalpur district, Madhya Pradesh, India: A community-based cross-sectional study.

Early initiation of breastfeeding reduces infant mortality and morbidity and prolongs the duration of breastfeeding. The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding and factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding in the urban area of Jabalpur district of Madhya Pradesh. The present community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in an urban area of Jabalpur district of Madhya Pradesh from March 2017 to July 2018 on 370 recently delivered mothers. Data were collected by interview, using the pretested structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS, version 20. Significance was set at the value of P < 0.05. The prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding was found to be 45.4%. The percentage of mothers initiating breastfeeding earlier increased when they belonged to the higher age group, nuclear family, were educated, employed, counseled during antenatal visits, non-primigravida and delivered in health institutions. It was also observed that type of delivery, socioeconomic status of mothers, birth weight of baby and occupation of husband are not significantly associated with the early initiation of breastfeeding. Increasing literacy amongst the population, promoting marriages at an appropriate age, counseling pregnant women regarding early initiation of breastfeeding during antenatal care visits and institutional deliveries can significantly increase the prevalence of early initiation of breastfeeding in the mothers of urban areas of Jabalpur district, Madhya Pradesh.

Hubungan Kenaikan Berat Badan Ibu Hamil Trimester III terhadap Penambahan Berat Janin Menjelang Persalinan di SMC RS Telogorejo

One measure of neonatal health is birth weight. Both the mother's weight increase and her overall health during the pregnancy have an impact on the baby's birth weight. This study sought to ascertain how pregnant women's weight gain related to the interpretation of fetal weight prior to delivery at Telogorejo Semarang Hospital. Research Design: Correlation design using quantitative research methodology. All of the pregnant patients that underwent ANC at Telogorejo Hospital in April 2024 made up the study's population. Purposive sampling was the method employed in the sampling process. acquired a 52-person sample. instruments for gathering data from medical records. Chi square testing is the method employed. Findings: Pregnant women's weight gain and fetal weight gain prior to birth have a substantial correlation (p = 0.000). As many as 24 respondents (46.2%) reported a normal weight gain of 9–12 kg, and as many as 22 respondents (42.3%) reported a fetal weight of more than 2.9 kg. Conclusion: At SMC Telogorejo Hospital, there is a noteworthy correlation between pregnant women's weight rise and the weight gain of the fetus prior to birth. Recommendation: The hospital should prepare a strategy for early identification of changes in weight gain during pregnancy that could affect the developing fetus and for counseling.

Relationships Quality of Diet in Pregnant Women With Baby Birth Weight

Relationships Quality of Diet in Pregnant Women With Baby Birth Weight

Maternal anaemia and polycythaemia during pregnancy and risk of inappropriate birth weight for gestational age babies: a retrospective cohort study in the northern belt of Ghana

BackgroundSmall for gestational age (SGA) and large for gestational age (LGA) births are topical issues due to their devastating effects on the life course and are also accountable for neonatal...

Description of Energy, Protein, Iron and Folic Acid Intake in Pregnant Women Protein Energy Malnutrition at Sobo Health Center Banyuwangi City

Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) is one of the prevailing nutritional issues in Indonesia. Dietary intake is a crucial factor related to malnutrition in pregnant women, with the common impact being Low Birth Weight (LBW) of babies. This research examines the intake of energy, protein, iron, and folate among pregnant women with PEM in the working area of Sobo Health Center, Banyuwangi City. The study is descriptive in nature and involves 15 pregnant women with PEM from the Sobo Health Center area as respondents. Data collection involved filling out personal sheets, measuring upper arm circumference using a LiLA tape, and conducting 2x24-hour food recall interviews. Descriptive analysis was performed using frequency distribution tables generated by the SPSS program. The research findings indicate that among pregnant women with severe energy deficiency PEM, all 15 individuals (100%) had severe energy deficit, 7 individuals (46.7%) had severe protein deficit, and all 15 individuals (100%) had insufficient dietary intake to meet their nutritional needs during pregnancy.

Unraveling DREAM-PL: A Case Report on Challenges and Management

An uncommon autosomal recessive condition called DREAM-PL syndrome is typified by dysmorphic facial features, renal agenesis, male ambiguous genitalia, microcephaly, polydactyly, and lissencephaly. The CTU2 gene, which is in charge of tRNA post-transcriptional modification, is mutated in the syndrome. This alteration is necessary for the correct translation of genes, and its disruption can result in several aberrant embryonic processes. The severity of DREAM-PL syndrome can vary from moderate to severe, and the clinical characteristics can be diverse. While some patients may exhibit only some of the distinguishing features, others may have all of them. The most common characteristics include ambiguous genitalia, dysmorphic facies, and microcephaly. Diagnosis of DREAM-PL syndrome is typically based on clinical signs and confirmed through genetic testing, which can identify mutations in the CTU2 gene. Material and methodology: In the case being referred to as a study, a 37-week-old male neonate was delivered by lower segment cesarean section. The baby's birth weight was 2.760 Kg, and a heterozygous CMP mutation of the CTU2 gene was confirmed through whole-exome sequencing (WES). Unfortunately, there is currently no known cure for DREAM-PL syndrome. Result: Treatment focuses on managing the symptoms and providing supportive care. In some cases, surgical correction of birth defects may be beneficial.

WITHDRAWN: Comparative study of difference in anatomy & histopathology of placenta & umbilical cord in natural pregnancy vs. IVF pregnancy & it’s impact on fetal & maternal outcome

Aim and ObjectivesComparison of naturally conceived pregnancy with IVFET pregnancy for feto-maternal outcome and morphology and histopathology of placenta & umbilical cord. Methods100 pregnant women were divided into 2 subsets of spontaneous pregnancy group (n = 50) and the IVFET pregnancy group (n = 50).The two groups were compared for Maternal age, parity, maternal weight gain, prepregnancy maternal BMI, gestational age, birth weight of baby, placental weight, placenta and umbilical cord cross sections, insertion site of the umbilical cord, and length of the umbilical cord. Inclusion criteriaPatients registered at ANC OPD/ART centre of our institute and subsequently reporting to maternity ward/ labor room for delivery at our centre. Exclusion criteriaThe pregnancies conceived after ART outside our institute, multifetal pregnancies. Study duration01year ResultsOur study revealed that spontaneous pregnancy group had less antenatal co-morbidities with more number of term vaginal deliveries and less intrapartum and neonatal complications compared to IVFET pregnancy women (p<0.05). ConclusionsAssisted reproductive technologies have an impact on placental growth and function in pregnancy. The occurrence of placental abnormalities were the most significant and pertinent finding in the IVF-ET placentas. On histopathological examination maternal vascular malperfusion andconcomitant anomalies of the umbilical cord were most noticeable findings.

Study on the Effect of Maternal Haemoglobin on Birth Weight of Newborn Babies

Background: Anemia is a very common condition found in pregnant women, which has a deleterious effect on foetal wellbeing including weight gain of fetus. Studies indicate that anemia in pregnancy is a risk factor low birth weight and possibly for inferior neonatal health. The present study is done to determine the effect of the maternal hemoglobin on birth weight. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was carried out at a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai. All pregnant females with single live pregnancy were included in this study. After the selection criteria was satisfied, all term babies born to pregnant females with single live pregnancy were examined and birth weight was recovered on a digital weighing scale. Results: Among the anemic mothers, 39 (27.3%) had mild anemia (Hb: 10 – 10.9), 32 (22.4%) had moderate anemia (Hb: 7 – 9.9) and 9 (6.3%) had severe anemia (Hb: &lt;7). Of the 143 newborns born to those mothers, 74 (51.7%) weighed between 2500 – 3500 grams, 56 (39.2%) were low birth weight (&lt;2500g) babies and only 13 (9.1%) were above 3500 grams. Conclusions: According to our study, anemic mothers delivered babies with low birth weight than nonanemic mothers. Present study showed prevalence of low-birth-weight babies to be 39.2%. Interventions to reduce low birth weight should be specific for specific populations. Approaches to improve the health of the women are needed to reduce the low-birth-weight problem in India. Keywords: Maternal haemoglobin, Anemia, Low birth weight.

Association of Parity with the Risks of Gestational Diabetes and Macrosomia: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Nanjing, China.

After implementing the two-child policy, more Chinese women who had a previous delivery had their second child. Nevertheless, the impacts of parity on Gestational Diabetes (GDM) and macrosomia have not been fully confirmed. Therefore, we aimed to analyse the characteristics of pregnancy by parity and evaluate the association of parity with risks of GDM/macrosomia in a Chinese population. A total of 193,410 pregnant women (including 148,293 primiparae and 45,117 multiparae) with complete information were included. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between parity and risks of GDM/macrosomia. With the gradual implementation of the two-child policy, the proportion of multiparae increased rapidly and then decreased slightly. Multiparae were more likely to be older and have higher intrapartum BMI, as compared to primiparae (P < 0.001). Univariate regression analyses suggested that parity could increase the risks of GDM and macrosomia; while after adjustment, the association between parity and GDM risk disappeared, and the effects of parity on macrosomia risk and birth weight of babies were also weakened. Further, stratified analysis showed that parity only increased the risk of GDM in women over 30 years, and the effects of parity on macrosomia risk and birth weight were more pronounced among women over 30 years compared to women under 30 years. Parity was not associated with GDM risk, but mildly associated with macrosomia risk. Particular attention should be paid to multiparae with advanced age to reduce the risks of GDM and macrosomia.

IJCM_330A: Prevalence and predictors of postpartum depression among females attending tertiary hospital Jammu

Background: Puerperium or Postpartum period is the period of first six weeks postpartum which begin immediately after parturition. During this time woman is adapting to multiple physical, social and psychological changes. Early identification of such symptoms is crucial for its prompt treatment. Many women develop depressive symptoms. Objective: is to find out the prevalence and factors associated with Postpartum Depression especially the social support. Methodology: this cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of one year among mothers who were in the period of 4-7 weeks postpartum. The participants were assessed using the scales -Edinburgh Postnatal Depression scale, Hamilton depression Rating scale and Multidimensional scale of perceived Social Support (MSPSS). Statistical analysis was done using spss version (20.0) info. Appropriate statistical tests were used. A p-value of &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 750, 16.1% had postpartum depression, (a score of =10 on EPDS). The factors which were significantly associated included marital status, religion, residence, education of mother and her husband, history of domestic violence, history of mental illness in the past, family history of mental illness, duration of pregnancy, time since delivery, any complication during pregnancy, birthweight of baby and planned parenthood. Social support shows negative correlation with PPD which is statistically significant Conclusion: The prevalence of depression in postpartum mothers is high, various sociodemographic and obstetric factors are significantly associated with it. social support emerged to be protective in reducing the postpartum depression.

Study of anaemia in pregnancy and low birth weight in fluoride endemic area of Western Rajasthan: a cohort study

Background Fluoride is a noxious element known to destroy gastrointestinal mucosa, leading to erythrocytes’ destruction and causing anaemia. The birth weight of newborn babies is a significant indicator of a child’s vulnerability to the risk of childhood diseases and chances of existence. Methods This prospective cohort study was planned to find linkages between fluorosis and the low-birth weight of newborn babies with anaemic mothers. Antenatal mothers until the 20th week of gestation were followed up till delivery in the Antenatal Clinic of a District Hospital in one of the known fluoride-endemic districts (Nagaur) and the other not-so-endemic district (Jodhpur) of Western Rajasthan. Results Around 19% of the newborn in Jodhpur and around 22% in Nagaur had low birth weight. Mean fluoride values in water samples were measured to be 0.57 (range from 0.0 to 2.7 PPM) in Jodhpur and 0.7 (range from 0.0 to 3.4 PPM) in Nagaur. Conclusions Thus, in fluoride endemic areas, other factors should be included besides iron and folic acid supplementation for improving anaemia in pregnant women. This calls for assessing the effectiveness of de-fluoridation activities along with the area’s most common indigenous food practices.

Paritas, Age, and Education Are Associated with the Level of Anxiety in Facing the Childbirth Period in PMB Komang Seni Rahayu, A.Md.Keb

Pregnancy-related anxiety is a condition that arises from the subjective experience of unsettling mental tension as a general reaction and the inability to deal with issues or feelings of insecurity that affect pregnant women and are related to the mother's concern for the welfare of herself and her fetus. The pregnant woman's age, education level, and prior pregnancies and deliveries are risk factors that contribute to anxiety in pregnant women. Particularly throughout the third trimester of pregnancy up until delivery, anxiety can strike pregnant women. Pregnant women experience anxiety during this time, including worry about having a healthy baby or worrying about the discomfort they are experiencing. These diseases can raise the risk of bleeding wounds and uterine atony, while also raising the likelihood of preterm birth and low birth weight in babies. This study's main goal was to find out how third-trimester pregnant women at PMB Komang Seni Rahayu, A.Md.Keb related to parity, age, and education. This study is quantitative and cross-sectional in nature. A questionnaire that was distributed to a specified group of respondents was used to collect data using the purposive sampling technique. 32 samples total were used in this study. Both univariate and bivariate data analysis are used in this study. Results of the correlations statistical test (= 0.05). The findings revealed a correlation between parity, age, and education with the degree of anxiety associated with giving birth in third-trimester pregnant women at PMB Komang Seni Rahayu, A.Md.Keb, with a significance of p = 0.139 at parity, age with p = 0.005, and level of education with 0.628.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords : Characteristics, Pregnant Women, Anxiety

Association of Ultrasound Estimated Fetal Weight with Actual Birth Weight of Baby

Association of Ultrasound Estimated Fetal Weight with Actual Birth Weight of Baby

Perinatal outcomes of COVID-19 affected pregnant women in a tertiary care center of eastern India

Pregnancy is an immune-compromised state and pregnancy affected with COVID-19 infection is at a higher risk of adverse perinatal results. Data on feto-maternal outcomes in pregnancies infected with COVID-19 is sparse, which makes it difficult to draw conclusions on vertical transmission.To study the perinatal outcomes of covid-19 affected pregnant women.A prospective observational study was conducted over eighteen months, on 320 COVID-19 positive antenatal patients. Clinical manifestations of pregnancies with COVID-19, demographic profile, pregnancy outcomes were recorded. Important laboratory parameters were assessed along with COVID-19 inflammatory markers like serum ferritin,D-Dimer, CRP etc. Neonatal outcomes assessed included APGAR score, fetal deaths, birth weight, NICU admissions. Neonatal infections were screened by testing for SARS-CoV-2 positivity in neonatal throat swab samples.61.5% of patients complained of pain abdomen, followed by bleeding PV in 1.9%. 52.19% of the patients were asymptomatic for COVID-19 symptoms, followed by fever in 34.69%. Most common risk factor associated was hypothyroidism. Anemia was found in 22%, coagulation parameters were elevated in 30% and COVID-19 inflammatory markers were raised in more than 90% cases. Maternal and neonatal ICU admission rates were 4.69% and 30.34% respectively. Neonatal infection rate was 3.1%.COVID-19 was mainly seen in primigravida, without affecting the birth weight of babies. Coagulation profile and renal parameters were deranged in 30 percent of the patients, without any life any threatening complications. COVID-19 specific inflammatory markers showed derangement in more than 90% cases, although majority of them were asymptomatic. The rate of COVID-19 positivity among newborns was 3.1%.