Health Biotechnology Research Articles

Mapping global research in the field of health biotechnology for the period 1990–2023. A bibliometric analysis

Purpose The purpose of this study focused on a global longitudinal bibliometric mapping of research in the field of health biotechnology between 1990 and 2023 to determine who is leading this field of knowledge and to estimate the sub-disciplines that are emerging and project those that will prevail in the future. Design/methodology/approach The study identified the most relevant countries, institutions and researchers, as well as the type of scientific collaborations. The applied steps applied in the study were the following: identification and selection of keyword terms by a panel of experts; design and application of an algorithm to identify these selected keywords in titles, abstracts and keywords using Web of Science terms to contrast them; performance of JCR data processing during 2023 using R, Python and VOSviewer. Findings Among the most relevant conclusions of the study are the following exponential growth has been observed in the study period; new branches of knowledge have emerged in which the subjects have been acquiring their own autonomous capabilities; and R&D in this field is still concentrated in a small group of core countries, and the trend is for it to remain so due to the capacity needs required. Originality/value This contribution seeks to systematize the existing scientific knowledge in the field of biotechnology, specifically in the area of health, using the technique of scientific mapping based on a logical model of indicators that aims to determine potential thematic ramifications.

Electrochemical Investigation of PEDOT:PSS/Graphene Aging in Artificial Sweat.

Herein, we investigate the potential application of a composite consisting of PEDOT:PSS/Graphene, deposited via spray coating on a flexible substrate, as an autonomous conducting film for applications in wearable biosensor devices. The stability of PEDOT:PSS/Graphene is assessed through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear polarization (LP) during exposure to an artificial sweat electrolyte, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to investigate the morphological changes in the layer following these. The results indicate that the layers exhibit predominant capacitive behavior in the potential range of -0.3 to 0.7 V vs. Ag/AgCl, with a cut-off frequency of approximately 1 kHz and retain 90% capacity after 500 cycles. Aging under exposure to air for 6 months leads only to a minor increase in impedance, demonstrating potential for storage under non-demanding conditions. However, prolonged exposure (>48 h) to the artificial sweat causes significant degradation, resulting in an impedance increase of over 1 order of magnitude. The observed degradation raises important considerations for the long-term viability of these layers in wearable biosensor applications, prompting the need for additional protective measures during prolonged use. These findings contribute to ongoing efforts to enhance the stability and reliability of conducting materials for biosensors in health care and biotechnology applications.

Biogenesis and function of microRNAS from plants, animals and fungi applicable in health and food biotechnology

MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs found in plants, animals and fungi. They are involved in developmental, metabolic, growth and reproduction processes. They modulate these processes by regulating target mRNAs by binding to them through base complementarity, and with the help of an enzymatic complex, they cleave the mRNA, or interrupt its translation into protein. Its biogenesis in plants occurs within the nucleus, to later be exported to the cytoplasm where it will take its regulatory action. In animals, biogenesis begins in the nucleus, but unlike plants, it is completed in the cytoplasm. A biosynthetic mechanism has not been established in fungi, although it could be similar to that in plants due to the nature of the fungal transcripts. MicroRNAs can be used as key biomolecules in the solution of health problems, in the improvement of plants of agronomic interest and in the optimization of bioprocesses to obtain industrial products of food interest. Furthermore, they have been proposed as strategic biomolecules in the design of nutritional tables that offer a better quality of life to people. Agronomically, its study focuses mainly on improving the characteristics of crops of commercial interest, as well as combating pests that affect the production of fruits, vegetables and grains. For this reason, microRNAs are being proposed as cutting-edge molecules for solving health food problems worldwide.

Application of Omics and Bioinformatics Technologies in Response to COVID-19 Pandemic

The medical biotechnology community has undertaken significant endeavors to gain a comprehensive understanding of SARS-CoV-2’s biology and pathogenesis mechanisms. Omics approaches and technologies have been widely employed in the fight against SARS-CoV-2. Since the onset of the virus outbreak, researchers have demonstrated how recent omics and bioinformatics technological advancements have contributed to the diagnosis, vaccine development, treatment, and control of disease transmission. Studies conducted since the outbreak have been collected and summarized, with a focus on bioinformatics approaches and their contribution to controlling this pandemic. Developments and advanced omics technology in connection to the COVID-19 pandemic have been analyzed. The multi-omics technology, which offers various strategies in identifying potential diagnostics, therapeutics, studies of variants of concern, and drug repurposing approaches, has been assessed. Pandemic response has seen the application of multi-omics and pan-genomics approaches, including genomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenomics, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) technology, host-pathogen interactions, artificial intelligence, and machine learning in various research areas. Additionally, bioinformatics and mathematical modeling have played a significant role in disease control. The use of smart technologies to control virus transmission and predict patients’ health conditions and treatment outcomes has also been crucial. Transcriptome analysis has emerged as a major application, contributing to the generation of new knowledge on viral sequences and intracellular signaling pathways that regulate viral infection and pathogenesis mechanisms. The sequencing of the virus has paved the way for the use of omics technologies and an integrative technique in combating the pandemic. In general, the advancement of omics technology during this pandemic has been fascinating and has contributed a significant role to the science of health biotechnology in general and omics and bioinformatics in particular.Keywords: bioinformatics, coronavirus, COVID-19, omics, SARS COV-2

Application of Raj Transform for Solving Mathematical Models Occurring in the Health Science and Biotechnology

Application of Raj Transform for Solving Mathematical Models Occurring in the Health Science and Biotechnology

Patentometric analysis of the technological development of biotechnology for health in higher education institutions in Rio Grande do Sul.

Biotechnology offers solutions and opportunities to meet various societal demands, thereby contributing to significant scientific advancements. This study aimed to characterize the technological development of biotechnology in the healthcare sector in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from 2016 to 2022 by analyzing patents filed by and granted to public and private Higher Education institutions. For data collection, a quantitative exploratory approach was employed using statistical methods and a patent analysis of institutions in the patent database of the Brazilian National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI), focusing on patents related to the healthcare field. Data were collected in October, November, and December. A total of 580 patent records were collected from the INPI, belonging to Sections A and C of the International Patent Classification (IPC) related to educational institutions. Furthermore, this study highlighted that higher education institutions have a higher number of patents in the healthcare field. These results provide an understanding of the strategic areas for technological development in biotechnology in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Citation analysis and mapping of genetics research in Iran

Purpose Genetics, a discipline of biology, is one of the most recent and rapidly advancing disciplines in science. This study aims to present a bibliometric analysis of the genetics research output of Iranian authors, map the intellectual structure of these studies and investigate the development path of this literature and the interrelationships among the main topics. Design/methodology/approach This study searched the Web of Science database for documentation of Iranian-published genetics research published up to 2020. Further, this study used HistCite software to profile and analyze the most cited articles and references and to draw their historiographies. Findings A database search revealed 21,329 documents that created the study population. The highest cited publications based on the Global Citation Score (GCS) and Local Citation Score (LCS) achieved scores of 602 and 47, respectively. The publication growth rate study demonstrated consistent expansion over time. The scientific maps based on LCS and GCS had five and four clusters, respectively. Furthermore, journal articles emerged as the predominant type of publication. Practical implications The significance of this study is in its contribution to understanding the genetics research position in Iran, informing policymakers and researchers, helping scientific collaboration and its impact on public attitudes and quality of life. The results of the present study, with benefits for various groups of communities, such as policymakers, academic groups and public society, can bridge the gap between theoretical research and practical implications. Social implications The results of this study, by helping future advancement in health care, medical genetics and disease prevention, may have a direct and indirect positive influence on the quality of life. Furthermore, it may lead to more informed discussions on health care and biotechnology as well as influencing public attitudes and perceptions. Originality/value Ultimately, this study concludes that despite the proliferation of publications in terms of quantity and complexity, especially in areas such as disease diagnosis, prevention and treatment, there remains a need for more attention to other facets of genetics such as biology and biotechnology. Iranian publications are most related to population genetics, human genetics, molecular genetics, medical genetics, genomics, developmental genetics and evolutionary genetics out of 10 branches of genetics. This study reveals patterns in scientific outputs and authorship collaborations and plays an alternative and innovative role in revealing Iranian research trends in genetics.

Effectivity of Medicinal Plant Based on Local Wisdom of Dayak Community Textbook Development on Improving Student Learning Outcome

Exploration of local plant germplasm as a source of biopharmaceuticals is a practice that has often been carried out by the Dayak community in Central Kalimantan, one of them is Diplazium esculentum which is believed to treat acne. Scientific testing of the effectiveness of Diplazium esculentum as an acne medication can be a source of learning in lecture activities as a medicinal plant based on local wisdom of Dayak community textbook development. This research aims to generate a local wisdom and laboratory experiment textbooks that are valid, practical and effective in Biotechnology courses, specifically on pharmaceutical biotechnology topic of biology education program, Islamic State University of Palangka Raya. This textbook development followed the model ADDIE. The results of this research showed that the textbooks that developed using ADDIE model are a) categorized very valid based on the results of an content expert (91,68%), media expert (83,58%) and practitioners' assessment (91.22%), b) practically based on limited testing of college student of biology education program in Islamic State University of Palangka Raya and c) effective based on the result of cognitive test on health biotechnology topics that had a significant effect with p-value 0.009 <α (α = 0,05). This research concluded that the textbooks based on local wisdom and laboratory experiment which were developed have been proved valid, practical, and effective to increase learning out­come.

Online Learning Communities: Bridging the Gap among Historically Underserved Populations in Health Science

ABSTRACT Evidence suggests that there is a gap for underserved populations in health sciences. Through online education, access to learning opportunities is growing in health informatics, biotechnology, health administration, and health education. However, online education can lead to feelings of isolation and disconnection from the educational community. Morehouse School of Medicine is working to mitigate these issues through the online learning community (OLC). The OLC was established through the core foundation of the five Cs to create community support for underrepresented populations. We evaluated the core foundation using the five Cs methodology and designed an approach to address blind spots to enhance every student participating in the community. Determining the student type and general needs, as well as the resources available to be maximized for underserved populations, corresponded with the current student survey data collected. We found that the online learning community at Morehouse School of Medicine served as a tool for facilitating discourse and community-building among the online students. Through this tool, students were afforded the opportunity to enhance their education and increase engagement via collaboration and connection with their cohort.

Biotechnology for Resource Efficiency, Energy, Environment, Chemicals, and Health

Biotechnology for Resource Efficiency, Energy, Environment, Chemicals, and Health

A Review of Patent Regimes on Health Biotechnology Innovation in India

Patents can significantly contribute to technical advancement and improved economic performance. Patents can be used to protect both innovations and scientific research produced by businesses and research institutions. There is a close relationship among contemporary developments in patent systems, the economy, and technical innovation processes. New waves of innovation have been created by scientific and technical advancements, notably in the biotechnology industry, which has evolved to be more dependent on interactions across global networks of actors in the public and commercial sectors and less focused on specific businesses. The scope of the subject matter that is patentable has expanded as a result of changes to the legal and regulatory framework of patent regimes, and patents have become more substantial and valuable. One of the things that influence how easy it is for people in underdeveloped nations to get medications is the worldwide Intellectual Property (IP) system. Taking into account that India is an example of a growing country with creative technology, one of the rapidly developing fields of expertise in the health industry is biotechnology innovation. This study will examine how India's patent rules have influenced the growth of health biotechnology.

Teknoloji Politikası Yapımında Demokles’in Kılıcı Altında Olmak: Türkiye’de Sağlık Biyoteknolojisi ve Yenilenebilir Enerji Sektörlerinin İncelenmesi

Health biotechnology (HEB) and renewable energy (RES) are emerging and promising research areas for developing countries and Turkey. Science and Technology (S&T) policies can potentially be exploited to eradicate the unbalances in S&T capacity building for developed and developing countries. Nonetheless, policy-making in these sectors is seen as ambiguous and unsettled in Turkey due to the developing nature of the technologies, the dynamic environment in which technologies are used and changing circumstances depending on the actors’ problems and needs. Policies in HEB are loose compared to policies in RES. Nonetheless, these two sectors are distinct and unique in their peculiarities; responses to the policy problems are converging due to the common motivation of political intervention, namely uncertainty in decision-making. This joint structural response makes them search for illegal or auxiliary solutions for their sectoral problems and needs. Therefore, here the main examination unit is the ‘uncertainty’ in policy-makers' actions that make the actors behave in parallel despite structural differences. In this context, we discuss the socioeconomic impacts of the political intervention of the Turkish policy-makers in HEB and RES. For this purpose, two qualitative data sets are elaborated, and the joint and separate patterns behind the policy-making were examined with interview data from HEB and RES. In other words, we discussed the "character" sitting under the sword of Damocles. Is it a "policy-maker", "researcher", or the "firm owner"? Or are they inseparable, and so are they feeling the same fear?

Recent advances in health biotechnology during pandemic

Recent advances in health biotechnology during pandemic

A novel multistage ensemble approach for prediction and classification of diabetes.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic syndrome affecting millions of people worldwide. Every year, the rate of occurrence rises drastically. Diabetes-related problems across several vital organs of the body can be fatal if left untreated. Diabetes must be detected early to receive proper treatment, preventing the condition from escalating to severe problems. Tremendous health sciences and biotechnology advancements have resulted in massive data that generated massive Electronic Health Records and clinical information. The exponential increase of electronically gathered information has resulted in more complicated, accurate prediction models that can be updated continuously using machine learning techniques. This research mainly emphasizes discovering the best ensemble model for predicting diabetes. A new multistage ensemble model is proposed for diabetes prediction. In this model, accuracy is predicated on the Pima Indian Diabetes dataset. The accuracy of the proposed ensemble model is compared with the existing machine learning model, and the experimental results demonstrate the performance of the proposed model in terms of higher Precision, f-measure, Recall, and area under the curve.

One Health training needs for Senegalese professionals to manage emerging public health threats

Global health trends, marked by increasing epidemics and pandemics, call for enhanced human resource preparedness to prevent and respond to emerging and future health problems. Indeed, according to the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH), at least 75% of the pathogens responsible for emerging and re-emerging human infectious diseases originate from animals. These health problems involve environmental, economic and social factors. Because of their multidimensional nature, addressing these health problems requires the adoption of a One Health approach. To achieve this, training of human resources is a priority.This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from September 12 to 22, 2021 in 6 regions of Senegal, namely, Dakar, Thiès, Diourbel, Kaolack, Saint-Louis, and Ziguinchor. Questionnaires were administered online and in person to 217 professionals in human, environmental, animal health and agriculture. Data were statistically processed, and bivariate analyses enabled a better correlation between training needs for professionals according to their occupational group.The survey sample was 64% male and 36% female. More than half of the professionals surveyed (53.5%) had less than 10 years of experience. Human health workers were the most represented (46%), followed by animal health workers (34%) and environmental workers (16%). Agriculture, fisheries, and food security were weakly represented. Few had received training in the One Health approach and entry-level One Health skills predominated. The One Health competencies in which professionals want to build capacity differ by sector. Globally, public health and epidemiology, health risk management, basic of One Health concepts, animal health and biotechnology are the priorities.The development of training programs could then enable these expressed needs to be addressed.

Getting past the gatekeeper: Key motivations of dairy farmer intent to adopt animal health and welfare-improving biotechnology

The complexities of the decision to adopt gene-editing technology at the farm gate are likely to be greater than a simple matter of profitability. We investigate ex ante technology adoption intentions to address how non-pecuniary motivations influence a dairy producer’s decision to adopt gene-editing (GE) technology with animal health and welfare-improving benefits. Experimental vignette methodology and a correlated random parameters ordered logit modeling approach are employed to investigate U.S. dairy farmer intent to adopt GE genetics that confer resistance to Johne’s disease (M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis), a disease that costs the U.S. dairy industry close to $200 million per year. Findings point to a general resistance among dairy farmers towards GE genetics, even with an animal health and welfare-improving application. We find that profitability is a necessary, but not sufficient condition for adoption. Farmers can, however, become more amenable to the prospect of adopting GE genetics through situational influences. Our results indicate that the successful uptake of GE technologies may be influenced by policies which protect adopters from adverse market impacts but also consider the complexities of the producer’s decision-making process.

Tyrosine, Phenylalanine, and Tryptophan Undergo Self-Aggregation in Similar and Different Manners

Phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan are aromatic amino acids, and they are of high interest in both health science and biotechnology. These amino acids form organized structures, like fibrils and nanotubes. Although these amino acids belong to the same family, they still differ from each other with respect to polarity, hydrophobicity as well as internal structures. In this work, we performed extensive molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the dynamics of the self-aggregations of these amino acids and studied the details of the formed structures. The amino acid monomers placed in water were simulated at a constant temperature. It has been observed that they compose nanostructures with similarities and differences.

Innovations in vaccine delivery: increasing access, coverage, and equity and lessons learnt from measles and rubella elimination.

Disease eradication and elimination programs drive innovations based on progress toward measurable objectives, evaluations of new strategies and methods, programmatic experiences, and lessons learned from the field. Following progress toward global measles elimination, reducing measles mortality, and increasing introductions of measles and rubella vaccines to national programs, the measles and rubella immunization program has faced setbacks in recent years. Currently available vaccine delivery methods have complicated logistics and drawbacks that create barriers to vaccination; innovations for easier, more efficient, and safer vaccine delivery are needed. Progress can be accelerated by new technologies like microarray patches (MAPs) that are now widely recognized as a potential new tool for enhancing global immunizations efforts. Clinical trials of measles-rubella vaccine MAPs have begun, and several other vaccine MAPs are in the pre-clinical development pathway. MAPs could significantly contribute to Immunization Agenda 2030 priorities, including reaching zero-dose children; increasing vaccine access, demand, coverage, and equity; and achieving measles and rubella elimination. With strong partnerships between public health agencies and biotechnology companies, translational novel vaccine delivery systems can be developed to help solve public health problems and achieve global health priorities.

Application of Soham Transform for Solving Mathematical Models Occurring in Health Science and Biotechnology

Lot of mathematical models including differential equations play important role in healthcare and biotechnology. One of them is Malthus model. This model was developed by Thomas Malthus, in his essay on world population growth and resource supply. Another interesting equation is Advection diffusion equation and Predator prey model. We use a integral transform called as Soham transform to obtain the solutions of these models which are important in biotechnology and health sciences.

International Conference on Recent updates in Disease Treatments - EYAN 2021

This special issue is highly related to Microscopic examinations of the tissue of the medulla from the corticalsubcortical region on the injured side after a traumatic brain injury and various exercises were performed. Also it focuses on to identify possible ways to protect the rights of people who have lost their jobs due to the spread of COVID-19, analyse the effectiveness of international experience and propose promising changes to labour legislation in this area. In addition, grotechnical Methods of Increasing Drought Resistance of Spring Barley, The Role of Il4 in Contraction of Tracheal Muscle Among Rats, Stabilization of Mast Cell Membranes by Sodium Cromoglicate in Smooth Muscle Contraction of Trachea and Bronchi of The Rat, are been focused in this issues. This special issue focuses on those spects with much implication for the health care. The articles published in this special issue will certainly bring as positive effect for the developing health care and to make use of available resources and to remove certain obsolete factors and process which may delay or harm the existing health care system. It enhances maximum utilization of scientific knowledge to potentiate therapy and diagnosis in the health care system. With the above discussion in mind, the papers are broadly divided into those describing applications of biotechnology and nanotechnology in biological sense. This Special Issue presents range of applications for biotechnology and nanobiotechnology for human health and environment. It is hoped that the reader will gain, from a reading of these papers a better appreciation and recent advances in the area.