Biosynthesis Of Copper Nanoparticles Research Articles

Biosynthesis of Copper Nanoparticles from Acacia cornigera and Annona purpurea and Their Insecticidal Effect against Tribolium castaneum

Diverse studies have showed that the pesticides can cause important damages in ecosystem. Therefore, the development of bio pesticides through nanotechnology can increase efficacy and limit the negative impacts in the environmental that traditionally seen through the use of chemical pesticides. Nanoparticles obtained from plants’ extracts can be used for effective pest management as a combined formulation of metal and some other organic material present in the plants. In the present study, our evaluated biosynthesis of nanoparticles of copper used two plant extracts (Acacia cornigera and Annona purpurea), and the Taguchi method was adopted for the synthesis optimization of the following variables of biosynthesis: temperature, pH, extract concentration, and reaction times to maximize the insecticidal activity on Tribolium castaneum. Our results showed that the nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using Acacia cornigera and Anona purpurea extract under optimum conditions under Taguchi L 9 orthogonal design, where copper nanoparticles were obtained with a size of 63–153 nm for using A. cornigera extract, 87–193 nm for A. purpurea extract, and a zeta potential of 9.6 mV and −32.7 mV, respectively. The nanoparticles of copper from A. cornigera showed effective insecticidal activity against Tribolium castaneum, and 90% mortality compared to the 76.6% obtained from nanoparticles of copper from A. purpurea. The results suggest that Cu-nanoparticles derived from both plants could be used as a biocontrol agent of Tribolium castaneum, a pest of stored grain with great economic importance.

Biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles using Alstonia scholaris leaves and its antimicrobial studies

The utilization of plants for the production of metallic nanoparticles is gaining significant attention in research. In this study, we conducted phytochemical screening of Alstonia scholaris (A. scholaris) leaves extracts using various solvents, including chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-hexane, methanol, and water. Our findings revealed higher proportions of flavonoids and alkaloids in both solvents compared to other phytochemical species. In the methanol, extract proteins, anthraquinone and reducing sugar were not detected. On the other hand, the aqueous extract demonstrated the presence of amino acids, reducing sugar, phenolic compounds, anthraquinone, and saponins. Notably, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts displayed the highest levels of bioactive compounds among all solvents. Intrigued by these results, we proceeded to investigate the antibacterial properties of the leaf extracts against two major bacterial strains, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). All extracts exhibited significant zones of inhibition against both bacterial isolates, with S. aureus showing higher susceptibility compared to E. coli. Notably, the methanol extract displayed the most potent I hibitory effect against all organisms. Inspired by the bioactivity of the methanol extract, we employed it as a plant-based material for the green synthesis of copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs). The synthesized Cu-NPs were characterized using Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV–visible spectroscopic analysis, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The observed color changes confirmed the successful formation of Cu-NPs, while the FTIR analysis matched previously reported peaks, further verifying the synthesis. The SEM micrographs indicated the irregular shapes of the surface particles. From the result obtained by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analysis, Cu has the highest relative abundance of 67.41 wt%. Confirming the purity of the Cu-NPs colloid. These findings contribute to the growing field of eco-friendly nanotechnology and emphasize the significance of plant-mediated approaches in nanomaterial synthesis and biomedical applications.

Biosynthesis of Copper Nanoparticles using an Extract of the root of Asparagus racemosus: Basic Synthesis, Antimicrobial, and Anti-oxidant Potentials

Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) have emerged as a promising alternative due to their unique antimicrobial properties. The synthesis of CuNPs using Asparagus racemosus, commonly known as Shatavari, offers a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to producing nanomaterials. Moreover, the resulting CuNPs have been found to possess excellent antibacterial, and antioxidant properties, which further expands their potential applications in medicine and environmental remediation. In this article, we discussed the in vitro characterization of the CuNPs. In vitro studies revealed that CuNPs have the potential for biomedical applications and as a base nanomaterial for the construction of drug delivery and targeting vehicles.

Biosynthesis of Copper Nanoparticles with an Ethanolic Asparagus racemosus Root Extract: Environmental Protection Against Blue-Green Algae and its Bactericidal Potential

This study was done to prove the environmental application of copper nanoparticles, particularly theantimicrobial activity against bacterial pathogens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The root extract ofAsparagus racemosus was used to synthesize copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) via biosynthesis. Cu-NPs were characterizedusing a UV-Visible spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electronmicroscopy. The antibacterial activity of Cu-NPs was studied by treating nanoparticles with two bacterial pathogens,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The biosynthesized copper nanoparticles displayed satisfactoryantibacterial activity against bacterial pathogens. Antioxidant and antidiabetic assays were performed via the enzymeinhibition property. The biosynthesized Cu-NPs exhibited a satisfactory antifouling function to eradicate algae growth.

Biosynthesis of Copper Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Pisa Plant Leaf Extracts: Antimicrobial Activities and Catalytic Application for Xanthene Synthesis

AbstractA simple, efficient and environmentally benign approach has been investigated for synthesis of copper nanoparticles using Actinodaphnehookeri (Pisa) plant leaf extract as a reducing agent. The synthesized copper NPs showed antimicrobial activity against pathogenic Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative microbial infections, also showed the catalytic activity (15 mol%) for synthesis of xanthenes with high TONs and TOFs. It's interesting that this catalyst quantitatively recovered from the reaction medium and recycled up to five cycles, and there was no noticeable loss of catalytic performance.

Biosynthesis of Copper Nanoparticles with Medicinal Plants Extracts: From Extraction Methods to Applications.

Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) can be synthesized by green methods using plant extracts. These methods are more environmentally friendly and offer improved properties of the synthesized NPs in terms of biocompatibility and functional capabilities. Traditional medicine has a rich history of utilization of herbs for millennia, offering a viable alternative or complementary option to conventional pharmacological medications. Plants of traditional herbal use or those with medicinal properties are candidates to be used to obtain NPs due to their high and complex content of biocompounds with different redox capacities that provide a dynamic reaction environment for NP synthesis. Other synthesis conditions, such as salt precursor concentration, temperature, time synthesis, and pH, have a significant effect on the characteristics of the NPs. This paper will review the properties of some compounds from medicinal plants, plant extract obtention methods alternatives, characteristics of plant extracts, and how they relate to the NP synthesis process. Additionally, the document includes diverse applications associated with CuNPs, starting from antibacterial properties to potential applications in metabolic disease treatment, vegetable tissue culture, therapy, and cardioprotective effect, among others.

Biosynthesis of Copper Nanoparticles Using Hylocereus costaricensis Peel Extract and their Photocatalytic Properties

A green chemistry method was used for the first time to synthesize copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) using CuSO4 as a precursor and red dragon fruit (Hylocereus costaricensis) peel wasted extract as a bio-reductor. Cu-NPs produced were then used as a photocatalysts for acid orange 7 (AO7) dyes degradation. The results showed that the smallest average crystallite size of the products ranged from 8.84 - 8.86 nm, and the FCC crystal structure had a surface area of 244.38-278.85 m2g-1. Furthermore, the optimum degradation of AO7 dye occurred at a ratio of 1:3 with a percentage of 81.07% for four cycles. These findings indicated that Cu-NPs can be used for the treatment of textile wastewater under sunlight in the future.

Biosynthesis of Copper Nanoparticles Using Chitosan Extracted from Prawn Shells, Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity

Marine waste management has been one of the problems having the most significant impact on the environment. Food industrial wastes are an essential environmental contamination source. Research has been carried out to develop methods to convert these wastes into valuable products. Alternatively, this waste can be used to extract chitosan, which possess antimicrobial activity. Hence, an attempt has been made to extract chitosan from the marine waste-prawn shells, synthesize Copper Nanoparticles (CuNPs) using chitosan, and characterize the synthesized CuNPs using Ultra Violet -visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) analysis. The antimicrobial activity of the biosynthesized CuNPs against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains: Staphylococcus sp and Pseudomonas sp, and fungal strains: Aspergillus sp and Candida sp were assessed in the present study using the agar well diffusion method. As per the current study’s findings, the zone of inhibition increased with an increase in the sample concentration. It was also observed that the CuNPs showed maximum antibacterial activity towards Pseudomonas sp, followed by Staphylococcus sp, and antifungal activity against Candida sp.

Biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles using symbiotic bacterium Xenorhabdus sp, isolated from entomopathogenic nematode and its antimicrobial and insecticidal activity against Spodoptera litura

The field bio-nanotechnology has provided insight in creation of biosynthetic nanomaterials. Nanoparticles synthesis by entomopathogenic microbes are considered as the novel methods and gained worldwide attention in the field of pest control. This study focused on the synthesis and characterization of CuNPs using Xenorhabdus sp, and their antimicrobial and larvicidal activities with potted plant experiments. 335 nm λmax at UV-Vis spec indicates the presence of CuNPs and functional groups such as alcohols and phenols were confirmed. SEM revealed the clustered shape. EDaX confirms the composition of copper. Crystalline nature were observed in XRD. TEM indicates the particles ranging from 5 to 20nm.The antimicrobial activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa and Fusarium sp, shows higher zone of inhibition. Larvicidal activity of S. litura shows highest mortality. In potted plant experiment, less damage was observed in CuNPs. Our experiment concludes that, CuNPs synthesized, has highest insecticidal and antimicrobial activity, which can be used in biopesticides.

GREEN SYNTHESIS OF COPPER NANOPARTICLES FROM MYRTUS COMMUNIS LEAVES EXTRACT: CHARACTERIZATTION, ANTIOXIDANT AND CATALYTIC ACTIVITY

A simple, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly method for making green nanoparticles has been developed. The current study examines the use of M. communis leaves extract in the biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs). The color change and UV-visible spectrophotometer, which showed a distinct peak at 481nm, confirmed the formation of these particles. Different techniques were used to characterize copper nanoparticles. The influential functional groups that can bio-reduce the copper ion Cu2+ were identified using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The crystal structure of copper nanoparticles was determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), as evidenced by the peaks at 2θ values of 43.35, 50.50, and 74.21. In transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the particles have spherical morphology with an average diameter of 35–75 nm, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals the sphere-like shape of CuNPs. Copper-NPs synthesized in this study were tested as antioxidant and catalytic substances. CuNPs had superior radical scavenging activity when compared to an extract from Myrtus communis leaves. It is common to use 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) as a model reaction to evaluate synthesized nanomaterials' catalytic properties. borohydride (BH) was found to bind to the surface of CuNPs, indicating that it is an adsorbent. As the BH concentration increased, we observed a blue shift in the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of CuNPs. These shifts increase in direct proportion to BH concentration, as does 4-NP to 4-amino phenol (4-AP) conversion. Accordingly, CuNPs have better catalytic activity than extract at higher BH concentrations.

Biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles using methanol extract of sugar-apple leaves (Anonnaceae squamosa), and its antioxidant activity

Study on the biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles has been carried out employing the green synthesis method using methanol extract of Sugar-Apple leaf (Anonnaceae squamosa) as a reducing agent and stabilizer. The results of the reduction reaction of Cu2+ ions were confirmed using a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The results of the characterization analysis showed that the nanoparticles formed were Cu, CuO2, Cu2O, and CuO, with crystal size of 38.17 nm, 27.82 nm, 15.59 nm, and 37.08 nm respectively. The obtained copper nanoparticles were tested for their antioxidant activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrihydrazil (DPPH) method. The antioxidant test results from the formed copper nanoparticles showed an IC50 value of 263.35 ppm, while vitamin C was 5.81 ppm. The previous study on the antioxidant activity of the methanol extract of Sugar-Apple leaf showed an IC50 value of 5.6 ppm. Therefore, it can be concluded that the antioxidant activity of the formed nanoparticles has a weak inhibitory power against 1,1-diphenyl-2-pycrilhydrazil (DPPH) radicals.

Plant Based Biosynthesis of Copper Nanoparticles and its Efficacy on Seed Viability and Seedling Growth in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea Linn.)

Nano-fertilizers can easily adsorb into the plant and can increase the reactive points in the plant and hence are treated as an efficient alternative to the conventional fertilizers. Based on this, the present study was intended to synthesize copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) using aqueous root extract of Schrebera swietenioides Roxb. as green reducing agent. The synthesized nanoparticles were studied for its effectiveness on enhancement of seed germination and plant growth promotion on peanut (Arachis hypogaea Linn.). The formation of nanoparticles was confirmed by observing colour change in the reaction mixture, which shows characteristic absorption maxima at 340 nm. The SEM and TEM analysis confirmed that the nanoparticles were in monodispersed with spherical to irregular shape with an average particle size of 35 nm. The EDX analysis confirmed that the nanoparticles contain 82.5% copper metal. The synthesized nanoparticles were applied for its seed germination enhancement activity on peanut seeds and results confirms that the nanoparticles were significantly enhances the germination of peanut seeds with decrease in mean germination time. The peanut plant growth also enhances when compared with metal solution treatment and untreated plants. The root length of CuNPs treated plants was observed to be 9.27 ± 0.15 cm, which is significantly more than the untreated (6.40 ± 0.10 cm) as well as treated copper metal (7.13 ± 0.25 cm) plants. The shoot length of 19.13 ± 0.20 cm was observed for nano-treated plants and is greatly enhanced than the untreated (10.30 ± 0.20 cm) and treated copper metal (11.27 ± 0.25 cm) plants. The protease activity on day 5 of the germination study was found to be 0.904 ± 0.004, 0.133 ± 0.002 and 0.095 ± 0.002 units/mL, respectively for the peanut seeds treated with CuNPs, copper metal solution and untreated conditions. The catalase activity at 5th day of seed germination studies the activity was observed to be 45.177 ± 0.192, 23.691 ± 0.074 and 18.331 ± 0.209 units/min/g, respectively for CuNPs treated, copper sulphate treated and untreated pea nut seeds. The water update of the nano treated seeds was observed to be very high along with high quantity of photosynthetic pigments when compared with the other treatments in the study. Based on the results achieved, it can be confirmed that the nano-treatment enhances the seed germination and plant growth promotion on peanut seeds.

Biosynthesis of Copper Nanoparticles using Mucuna Pruriens and its Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activity

Introduction: The field of Nanotechnology has gained importance since last century. Nanoparticles can be used in medicine due to its increased interaction with microbes and has less side effects than drugs. Antioxidant compounds scavenge free radicals and inhibit the oxidative mechanisms that lead to degenerative diseases. There is a growing number of diabetes patients all over the world. Wide varieties of synthetic drugs are being used for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus, most of them possess side effects in the long run such as hepatotoxicity, abdominal pain, flatulence and diarrhea. Therefore, there is a need for a search of an alternate antidiabetic agent
 Aim: The aim of the study is to synthesize Copper nanoparticles from Mucuna pruriens and to evaluate its antioxidant and antidiabetic activity.
 Materials and methods: Plant extract of Mucuna pruriens was prepared and filtered by Whatman No 1 filter paper. Copper sulphate was added to the plant extract and kept in a magnetic stirrer for nanoparticle synthesis. The synthesized nanoparticle was preliminarily analysed using UV visible spectroscopy. Finally the left over solution was taken to calculate antioxidant activity and antidiabetic activity.
 Results: Antioxidant activity was calculated by DPPH method and the percentage of inhibition of copper nanoparticles synthesised from Mucuna pruriens was 58.5% for 10µL, 59.6% for 20µL, 67.5% for 30µL, 71.4% for 40µL and 72.3% for 50µL. Antidiabetic activity was calculated by alpha-amylase inhibitory assay and the percentage of inhibition of copper nanoparticles synthesised from Mucuna pruriens was 66% for 10µL, 69% for 20µL, 73% for 30µL, 79% for 40µL and 80% for 50µL.
 Conclusion: We can conclude that copper nanoparticles synthesised from Mucuna pruriens are a potent antioxidant and antidiabetic agent. Since it shows a good activity in free radical scavenging, copper nanoparticles can be used in a clinical therapeutic application and also in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Characterization, biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles using ginger roots extract and investigation of its antibacterial activity

The emergence of antibiotic resistance of bacteria, fungi, and viruses recently, which led to the interest in developing antimicrobial agents and making them more effective in the fields of sterilization, public health, food preservation, etc., which led to the adoption of mineral elements as antimicrobials. Bacterial and antiviral agents. Nickel and copper are among the options that include antimicrobial because they are corrosion resistant and strong. Copper was recognized by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 2008 as an antimicrobial as the first metallic agent. In this work, the green method successfully synthesized copper nanoparticles from ginger extract within a short period and the samples were examined using multiple analytical techniques such as scanning field emission electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis to study its structure and morphology. Then it was used as an antibacterial. Here, tests were performed on two pathogenic strains of Gram-negative (G−ve) and Gram-positive (G+ve) bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. At 37 °C, copper showed a response to inhibition of the action of these two strains during 24 h of incubation. Although copper is improved, this method can be extended to other types of metallic surfaces and other bacterial strains.

Bioremediation of copper polluted wastewater-like nutrient media and simultaneous synthesis of stable copper nanoparticles by a viable green alga

Environmentally benign, algae-mediated biosynthesis of valuable copper-based materials in wastewater, combined with cupric ion (Cu2+) bioremediation, has the potential to reduce the cost of wastewater treatment and generate high quality biosolids. This study investigated the ability of a wild-type strain of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to bioremediate free Cu2+ in wastewater-like nutrient media during the biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs). The color of supernatants from treated Cu-polluted media provided a first indication of Cu-based NPs formation in the aqueous phase. Analysis by fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis, observations of cell morphology, and algal regrowth experiments after treatment showed that algal viability was crucial for efficient Cu2+ reduction to Cu NPs. UV–vis absorption spectroscopy demonstrated that sulfur-free medium, which enables sustained hydrogen photoproduction in alga, was not the most efficient in NPs formation. Dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) images overlapped with Cu signal map from energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of polydisperse, spherical, and well-dispersed sub-10 nm Cu NPs crystallites exclusively in algae-treated heavily Cu-polluted media (10 mg L−1). STEM and EDS also demonstrated the affinity of Cu NPs for carbon-rich (organic) objects. Overall, this study demonstrates the feasibility of Cu2+ bioremediation from the wastewater-like complex nutrient media and the simultaneous biosynthesis of Cu NPs by viable green microalga.

Biogenic copper nanoparticles produced by using the Klebsiella pneumoniae strain NST2 curtailed salt stress effects in maize by modulating the cellular oxidative repair mechanisms

The negative effects of salinity on plant growth and physiology are well-established, which is one of the major threats to food security in semi-arid and arid regions of the world. The current research focuses on biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) from a bacterial strain NST2, which was genetically identified as Klebsiella pneumoniae based on taxonomic identity of 16S rRNA gene. The strain was selected for bioprospecting of CuNPs owing to its Cu tolerance potential. The biologically-synthesized CuNPs were confirmed in culture by using ultraviolet visible spectroscopy. The material characteristics of green CuNPs were further investigated by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, where crystallite size was ranged from 22.44 nm to 44.26 nm and particles were stabilized by various functional groups, such as carbonyl and amine groups. When 100 mg kg−1 of green CuNPs were mixed in saline soil in a pot experiment, the maize plants showed increased root and shoot length (43.52% and 44.06%, respectively), fresh weight (46.05% and 51.82%, respectively) and dry weight (47.69% and 30.63%, respectively) in comparison to control maize plants without CuNPs application. Moreover, green CuNPs at their highest treatment level (100 mg kg−1 of soil) counteracted the lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage in maize plants by promoting the activities of antioxidants and demoting the cellular levels of reactive oxygen species and ionic contents of Na+ and Cl-. Conclusively, biogenic CuNPs is an emerging and promising technique, which could replace traditional methods of salinity management in agricultural soils.

Biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles from plant extract and bacteria - a review

Copper and its salt have been used for a long time as it is non-toxic, cheaper, antibacterial/antifungal agent, and has high potential in a wide range of catalytic, biological, and sensor applicati...

Biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles from plant extract and bacteria - a review

Biosynthesis of copper nanoparticles from plant extract and bacteria - a review

Effect of Various Parameters on Bio-Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles Using Citrus Medica Linn (Lemon) Extract and Its Antibacterial Activity

This research is focused on bio-synthesis of Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) using lemon extract to study the effect of various parameters on synthesis and to explore antibacterial activity. The biomolecules present in lemon extract act as self reducing and stabilizing agent. The synthesis of CuNPs was found to be affected by various parameters like volume of the lemon extract, concentration of the precursor and the temperature etc. Preliminary characterization of formation of nanoparticles were done by color change and UV-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy. Elemental composition of the prepared sample was determined via Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) Spectroscopy. Presence of important functional groups associated with biomolecules is well characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM ) revealed the formation agglomerated CuNPs of different shape and sizes and the X-ray diffraction pattern showed the formation of purely crystalline nature of CuNPs. Finally, agar well diffusion method showed that CuNPs have potential antibacterial activity against Gram-ve bacteria compared to Gram +ve bacteria.

Novel Biosynthesis of Copper Nanoparticles Using Zingiber and Allium sp. with Synergic Effect of Doxycycline for Anticancer and Bactericidal Activity.

Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs), due to their cost-effective synthesis, interesting properties, and a wide range of applications in conductive inks, cooling fluids, biomedical field, and catalysis, have attracted the attention of scientific community in recent years. The aim of the present study was to develop and characterize antibacterial and anticancer CuNPs synthesized via chemical and biological methods, and further synthesize CuNPs conjugated with doxycycline to study their synergic effect. During the chemical synthesis, ascorbic acid was used as a stabilizing agent, while Zingiber officinale and Allium sativum-derived extracts were used during the biological methods for synthesis of CuNPs. Characterization of CuNPs was performed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray crystallography (XRD). Antimicrobial evaluation of the nanomaterials against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli was performed by using disk diffusion method, while anticancer behavior against HeLa and HepG2 cell lines was studied by MTT assay. TEM revealed spherical-shaped nanoparticles with mean size of 22.70 ± 5.67, 35.01 ± 5.84, and 19.02 ± 2.41nm for CuNPs, Gin-CuNPs, and Gar-CuNPs, respectively, and surface plasmon resonance peaks were obtained at 570nm, 575nm, and 610nm for CuNPs, Gar-CuNPs, and Gin-CuNPs, respectively. The results of FTIR confirmed the consumption of biomolecules from the plant extracts for the synthesis of CuNPs. XRD analysis also confirmed synthesis of CuNPs. Doxycycline-conjugated NPs exhibited more antibacterial effects than doxycycline or CuNPs alone. Copper nanoparticles prepared by biological synthesis are cost-effective and eco-friendly as compared to their chemical counterparts. The chemically synthesized nanoparticles displayed more significant antimicrobial activity when capped with doxycycline than Z. officinale and A. sativum-mediated CuNPs; however, green-synthesized nanoparticles showed greater anticancer activity than their chemical counterparts.