Biosorption Of Lead Ions Research Articles

Biosorption of lead ion by lactic acid bacteria and the application in wastewater

Biosorption of lead ion by lactic acid bacteria and the application in wastewater

Biosorption of lead ions (Pb2+) from water samples using dried Lemna minor biomass: experimental and density functional theory studies

Biosorption of lead ions (Pb2+) from water samples using dried Lemna minor biomass: experimental and density functional theory studies

The Role of Cellulosic and Noncellulosic Functional Groups in the Biosorption of Lead Ions by Waste Flax Fibers

ABSTRACT In this study, waste flax fibers with different levels of cellulosic and noncellulosic components were obtained by oxidative and alkali treatments and used to assess the influence of the fiber’s structural and chemical properties on the biosorption of lead ions. Scanning electron microscopy was used for the characterization of the flax fibers’ surface morphology, while the physicochemical properties of the fibers’ surface were determined by the streaming potential method, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Alkaline treatment decreased, while oxidative increased the crystallinity index of flax fibers by approximately 10%, due to the changes in the content of cellulosic components. Adsorption of lead ions was studied in detail, including kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamic parameters analysis. It was shown that the amount and distribution of oxygen-containing groups, originating from cellulosic components, have the highest influence on the adsorption capacity of flax fibers, increasing Langmuir adsorption capacity from 12.76 mg g−1 for untreated to 21.9 and 79.9 mg g−1 for alkali-treated and oxidized fibers, respectively. Obtained negative values of ∆GӨ (−4.874 to −0.807 kJ mol−1) and ∆HӨ (−42.81 to −13.65 kJ mol−1) indicated that the adsorption of lead ions onto flax fibers is a spontaneous and endothermic process, which occurs through electrostatic attraction and ion-exchange. The results presented in this work demonstrate that the waste flax fibers of suitable chemical composition may be used as sustainable and renewable low-cost biosorbents.

Biosorption of lead ions by exopolysaccharide producing Azotobacter sp.

Aim: Removal of lead from wastewater using Azotobacter species and optimisation of various parameters to maximise the adsorption of lead by response surface methodology as a tool. Methodology: The bacterial isolate UBI-7 recovered from sewage water irrigated soil was examined for its biosorption potential towards lead. The lead removal efficiency of Azotobacter salinestris was studied with respect to metal concentration (50-250 mg l-1), contact time (24-120 hrs), and pH (4-8).Using response surface methodology, these factors were optimized and R2 value obtained was 0.9710 for lead ions, which indicates the validity of the model. Observation with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope imaging (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopic analysis (EDX) were carried out to confirm lead biosorption by Azotobacter salinestris. Results: The lead tolerant bacterium isolated from sewage water irrigated soil (UBI-7) was recognized as Azotobacter salinestris by 16S rRNA based gene sequence analysis. The highest removal percentage of Pb (61.54) was 50 mg l-1 in 72 hrs equilibration period. Interaction effect between different levels of Pb and different contact time of the solution were found to be significant. Lead biosorption by the organism was confirmed by the changes in stretching intensities of functional groups as well as appearance of strong OH stretching at 3291.69 cm-1. Images obtained from Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopic studies of the bacteria (UBI-7) before and after biosorption clearly indicated lead adsorption. Interpretation: Current study proves that the functional groups of Azotobacter salinestris are involved in lead biosorption from aqueous solution which was confirmed through FTIR.EDX analysis also elucidated the lead absorption by the bacterial cells. Hence, this could be effectively utilized for decontamination of lead from the polluted environment. Key words: Azotobacter salinestris, Biosorption, Lead, Response surface methodology

Biosorption of lead ions from aqueous environment using Henna biomass

Biosorption of lead ions from aqueous environment using Henna biomass

Biosorption of lead ion from aqueous environment using wheat stem biomass

Biosorption of lead ion from aqueous environment using wheat stem biomass

Biosorption of lead ions from aqueous solutions by beech sawdust and wheat straw

This paper presents the results of the Pb2+ adsorption from synthetic Pb(NO3)2 solutions, using the beech sawdust and wheat straw as adsorbents. Physicochemical characterization of the adsorbents included the specific surface area, pHpzc, SEM-EDS and FTIR analysis. Adsorption kinetics and isotherms, as well as changes in the pH solution during the process, were monitored and analyzed. The results showed that the adsorption is well explained by the pseudosecond order kinetic model for both adsorbents. Adsorption of the Pb2+ on sawdust and straw is well described by the Temkin isotherm, which is confirmed by the high values of the regression coefficient R2. The maximum adsorption capacity of lead ions on the beech sawdust and wheat straw was 9.9 and 9.7 mg g-1, respectively. The obtained results have indicated that the beech sawdust and wheat straw are suitable adsorbents for the adsorption of lead ions from dilute aqueous solutions.

Biosorption of lead ions by cyanobacteria Spirulina platensis: kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamic study

Abstract The potential use of dry Spirulina platensis biomass to remove lead ions from aqueous solution was investigated. Effects of various parameters such as contact time, temperature, dosage of biosorbent, initial pH, and initial concentration of lead were investigated in the batch adsorption mode. The highest lead removal of 5.7 mg/g was obtained at pH 5, biomass dosage of 0.5 g, initial lead concentration of 60 mg/L. The Langmuir and Freundlich models fit the experimental data (R2 > 0.99), while the kinetic data was best described using the pseudo second-order kinetic model (R2 > 0.99). FTIR spectra indicated that the metal removal takes place through binding to OH, C=O and P=O groups. Lead was efficiently recovered from biomass by mineral acids, while using CH3COOH and NaOH as eluents the biomass maintained high biosorption capacity during three cycles. This study demonstrates the potential of using Spirulina platensis as biosorbent to remove lead from industrial wastewater.

Biosorption of lead ions from the aqueous solution by Sargassum filipendula: Equilibrium and kinetic studies

The removal of Pb+2 ions by Sargassum filipendula was studied using batch process. The biosorbent characterization was carried out by FESEM-EDX and FTIR techniques. Central composite design was used to optimize Pb+2 ions biosorption process by varying four different independent process parameters (temperature, pH, biosorbent dosage, and initial concentration of Pb+2 ions). The adequacy of response surface model was checked by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimum process parameters for the removal of Pb+2 ions were found as temperature (34.8°C), pH (4.99), initial concentration (152.10mg/L) and biosorbent dosage (0.49g/L) at which 96% of removal were achieved. The predictive capabilities of six types of kinetic models and six types of adsorption isotherm models were examined for S. filipendula. For this study, Fritz isotherm model and Bangham kinetic model were found as best fitted models for the biosorption of Pb+2 ions. Desorption studies showed that after four consecutive biosorption-desorption cycles 77.53% and 90.84% of desorption and biosorption efficiency were achieved, respectively. The studied thermodynamic parameters showed that biosorption of Pb+2 ions on S. filipendula were feasible, spontaneous, and endothermic in nature. Thus, in view of experimental observations it can be concluded that S. filipendula can be used as an efficient biosorbent for Pb+2 ions biosorption from the aqueous solution.

Biosorption of lead ions from aqueous effluents by rapeseed biomass

Lead, as well as other heavy metals, is regarded as priority pollutant due to its non-biodegradability, toxicity and persistence in the environment. In this study, rapeseed biomass was used in the biosorption of Pb(II) ions in batch and dynamic conditions, as well as with tests for industrial wastewater. The influence of initial concentration (5–250mg/L), pH and contact time (0.5–6h) was investigated. The kinetic data modeling resulted in good correlations with the pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion models. The maximum sorption capacities of Pb(II) were 18.35, 21.29 and 22.7mg/L at 4, 20 and 50°C, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters indicated the spontaneity and endothermic nature of lead biosorption on rapeseed biomass. The biosorption mechanism involves both physical and chemical interactions. The breakthrough curves at 50 and 100mg/L were determined and evaluated under dynamic conditions. The breakthrough time lowered with increasing the influent Pb(II) concentration. The experimental data obtained from fixed-bed column tests were well fitted by Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models. The calculated sorption capacities were in good agreement with the uptake capacity of Langmuir model. The applicability of rapeseed to be used as a sorbent for Pb(II) ions from real wastewater was tested, and Pb(II) removal efficiency of 94.47% was obtained.

Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies on Biosorption of Lead ions by Chemically Modified Sawdust

Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies on Biosorption of Lead ions by Chemically Modified Sawdust

Biosorption of lead (II) ion from aqueous solution using dum palm kernel

Biosorption of the lead ions from aqueous solutions using dum palm kernel was studied, the lead ion removal depends on the contact time, pH and adsorbent dosage. The optimum contact time, pH and adsorbent mass with in the experimental limit of this work were 100 minutes, 6-7, and 2.5g/L respectively. The maximum percentage of lead ions removed was 87%. The data fitted well with Temkin and Langmuir models, the regression correlation were obtained to be 0.9660 and 0.8667, respectively. The biosorbent may be economical if developed further for industrial wastewater and natural contaminated water treatment. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v4i2.12625 International Journal of Environment Vol.4(2) 2015: 68-75

Biosorption of lead ions (Pb2+) from simulated wastewater using residual biomass of microalgae

Presence of different heavy metals in the industrial effluents poses a great problem to the researchers/ technologist dealing with environmental pollution. The present study investigates the suitability of the residual biomass of green algae Phormidium sp.—a microalgal strain meant for biodiesel production to remove lead (Pb2+) ions from aqueous solution in both batch type stirred system and a semi-batch-packed bed adsorber. The influences of adsorbent dosage, temperature, pH, contact time, and initial metal ion concentration of solution on biosorption have been investigated. The biosorption equilibrium has been established in 40 min. Thermodynamic, kinetic, and isotherm studies have been carried out for the biosorption of Pb2+ ions on Phormidium sp. The values of mean enthalpy (∆H) and the mean entropy (∆S) have been determined to be −22.75 kJ/mol and 85.24 J/mol K, respectively. The value of Gibbs free energy, ∆G, has been observed to decrease with increasing temperature. The maximum removal efficiency of Pb2+ on Phormidium sp. at equilibrium has been observed to be 92.2% at pH 5.0, initial Pb2+ concentration of 10 mg/L, and an adsorbent dosage of 4 g/L. Experimental breakthrough curves obtained using different flow rate (2–4.5 mL/min), initial concentration (10–30 mg/L), and bed heights (0.1–0.2 cm) have been analyzed.

Physico-chemical characteristics and lead biosorption properties of Enteromorpha prolifera

Biosorption of lead ions onto Enteromorpha prolifera has been investigated. The physico-chemical properties of the biosorbent were characterized by thermal stability, zeta potential, and Boehm titration methods. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to examine the effect of various parameters such as initial pH, particle size, adsorbent dosage, ionic strength, time, and temperature on biosorption. The kinetic studies showed that the adsorption process was very fast and equilibrium was reached after about 60 min of contact. The pseudo-first-order Lagergren equation, pseudo second-order rate equation, and second-order rate equation were used to describe the kinetic adsorption process. Thermodynamic parameters were determined at three different temperatures. The negative values of free energy change indicated the spontaneous nature of adsorption process.

Kinetics of lead ion biosorption from aqueous solution onto lyophilized Aspergillus niveus

The biosorption of lead ions (Pb2+) onto lyophilized fungus Aspergillus niveus was investigated in aqueous solutions in a batch system with respect to pH, contact time and initial concentration of the ions at 30 °C. The maximum adsorption capacity of lyophilized A. niveus was found to be 92.6 mg g−1 at pH 5.1 and the biosorption equilibrium was established about in 30 min. The adsorption capacity obtained is one of the highest value among those reported in the literature. The kinetic data were analyzed using the pseudo-first-order kinetic, pseudo-second-order kinetic, and intraparticle diffusion equations. Kinetic parameters, such as rate constants, equilibrium adsorption capacities, and related correlation coefficients for the kinetic models were calculated and discussed. It was found that the adsorption of lead ions onto lyophilized A. niveus biomass fit the pseudo-second-order kinetic model well. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm parameters for the lead ion adsorption were applied and the Langmuir model agreed better with the adsorption of lead ions onto lyophilized A. niveus.

Remoção de Pb(II) de soluções aquosas por Biossorção em R. opacus

Nesse estudo foi avaliada a capacidade de biossorção de íons chumbo em solução aquosa pela bactéria Rhodococcus opacus. Avaliou-se em batelada o efeito do pH da solução, concentração da biomassa, tempo de contato e concentração inicial do metal. A cinética adequou-se melhor ao modelo de pseudo-segunda ordem. Empregaram-se as isotermas de Langmuir e Freundlich para representar o processo de sorção no equilíbrio. O valor da capacidade máxima de captação (q max) obtida pelo modelo de Langmuir foi de 94,34 mg g-1. No ensaio de biossorção competitiva a remoção do chumbo foi afetada pela presença de outros metais na solução.

Lead uptake by algae Gelidium and composite material particles in a packed bed column

Abstract Biosorption of lead ions was studied in a flow-through column packed with red algae Gelidium and a composite material (industrial algal waste from the agar extraction process immobilized with polyacrylonitrile). Experiments were performed in order to study the effect of important design parameters such as flow rate and influent pH. The breakthrough curves for lead and proton concentrations were obtained in saturation and elution studies. Macroscopically, when the flow rate increases, the residence time in the bed decreases, and the column saturation is faster achieved and the sharpness of the breakthrough curves increases. Microscopically, increasing the flow rate, the film diffusion resistance decreases. For higher values of the influent pH, the breakthrough time increases, due to the greater metal uptake capacity at the equilibrium. Considering the effectiveness of lead desorption from loaded biomass, we concluded that desorption was 100% effective and rapid, even for high values of the solid to liquid ratio, leading to high values of the concentration factor. The column packed with composite material was operated in two consecutive adsorption–desorption cycles, without any changes in the metal uptake capacity. A mathematical model based on external and intraparticle mass transfer was developed to simulate the breakthrough curves in the adsorption and desorption processes.

Biosorption of lead ions from aqueous solution by maize leaf

The removal of lead ions from dilute aqueous solution using maize (Zea mays) leaf as the adsorbent is reported in this paper. The effects of pH, initial metal ion concentration and contact time were studied at 27oC. The analysis of residual Pb(II) ions was determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Maximum adsorption occurred at pH 3. The adsorption isotherms obtained at 27oC and optimum pH fitted well into both the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. The Freundlich and Langmuir equations are log Г =0.504 log Ce+0.6939 and 1/Г = 0.176/Ce–0.03, respectively. The correlation factors are 0.9959 and 0.9939. The result of the pH experiment shows that the initial pH would play a vital role in the removal of the lead ions from solution. The kinetic studies show that uptake of lead ions increases with time and that maximum adsorption was obtained within the first 30 min of the process. These results indicate that maize leaf has potential for removing lead ions from industrial wastewater. Key words: Adsorption, Pb(II), Freundlich isotherm, Langmuir isotherm, maize leaf.

Study on the equilibrium, kinetics and isotherm of biosorption of lead ions onto pretreated chemically modified orange peel

In this paper, preparation of a new biosorbent using chemically modified orange peel and its biosorption of lead ion was studied. Effects of alkaline saponification, different concentrations of citric acid and different temperatures on the preparation of biosorbents were investigated. The influences of pH, shaking time, s/l ratio on the biosorption of lead ion by using different biosorbents were also studied. As can be seen from the experimental results that biosorption equilibriums were rapidly established in about one h and the reaction could be explained as pseudo-first-order kinetic processes. The lead adsorption was strictly pH dependent, and maximum uptakes of lead on different biosorbents were observed at pH range of 4.5–6.0. The order of maximum uptake capacity of lead ion on different biosorbents was 0.6SCA 8 > 0.6SCA 5 > 0.6SCA 2 > 0.1SCA 8 > 0.1SCA 5 > 0.1SCA 2 > SOP > 0.1CA > AOP > 0.6CA > OP. The maximum adsorption capacity of lead was obtained as 1.22 mol kg −1.

Removal of lead from aqueous solution using Syzygium cumini L.: Equilibrium and kinetic studies

The biosorption of lead ions from aqueous solution by Syzygium cumini L. was studied in a batch adsorption system as a function of pH, contact time, lead ion concentration, adsorbent concentration and adsorbent size. The biosorption capacities and rates of lead ions onto S. cumini L. were evaluated. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich–Peterson and Temkin adsorption models were applied to describe the isotherms and isotherm constants. Biosorption isothermal data could be well interpreted by the Langmuir model followed by Temkin model with maximum adsorption capacity of 32.47 mg/g of lead ion on S. cumini L. leaves biomass. The kinetic experimental data were properly correlated with the second-order kinetic model.