Biosorption Of Iron Research Articles

An analysis of the processes, kinetics and equilibrium of iron's biosorption on immobilized green microalgae

Metals including Cu, Cd, Ni, Pb, Zn, Hg, Fe and Cr can be found in significant concentrations in acid mine drainage effluent from previous gold mining operations. Even at very low levels, heavy metals and their compounds are very toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic. Acid mine drainage discharge must therefore be properly treated before disposal. In this study, iron removal from acid mine drainage effluent using immobilized green microalgae is explored. The impact of pH on iron metal concentrations was studied at multiple pH values between 2 and 12 using 0.1 M HCl or NaOH solutions. At pH 6, the optimal value, 82% and 90% of Fe (II) were removed from Ca-alginate beads and immobilized Desmodesmus sp., respectively. It was shown that Fe (II) ions were biosorbed by immobilized microalgae cells in a pseudo-second-order manner. This study demonstrated how immobilized green microalgae showed potential to remove iron from acid mine drainage effluent.

Biosorption of iron(III) from aqueous solution by dried biomass of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

In this study, the dried biomass of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 was used as biosorbent for removing Fe(III)) ions from aqueous solution. The effects of exposure time, the initial metal concentration, biosorbent dose, and solution pH on the biosorption efficiency of Fe(III) from synthetic solutions were investigated. The Fe(III) adsorption was relatively fast and the equilibrium time was 60 min with the maximum biosorption capacity (qm) of 10.98 mg Fe(III) g−1 biosorbent (85%) at pH 3.5, 10 g L−1 biomass dosage, and 30 °C. Among four biosorption isotherms, the Redlich-Peterson and the Langmuir isotherm models described better the adsorption of Fe(III) onto dried biomass than did the Freundlich and the Temkin isotherm models. The biosorption of Fe(III) using dried biomass of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 followed the second-order kinetics. Thermodynamic studies established the biosorption process to be energetically favorable with negative free energy change. FTIR and SEM-EDX analyses revealed the presence of functional groups of negative valences on the biosorbent surface responsible for the Fe(III) binding. Desorption of Fe(III) was attained up to 79% using 0.1 M HNO3; however, the capacity of biomass as biosorbent was decreased after the first adsorption-desorption cycle. Moreover, the biosorption efficiency of the algal biosorbent for the removal of Fe(III) from groundwater was 65%. Overall, this finding suggested an eco-friendly strategy for remediation of Fe(III)-polluted wastewater by biosorption onto the Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 biomass.

Biosorption of Iron (II) by <i>Lactobacillus fermentum</i> from Aqueous Solutions

Biosorption of Iron (II) by <i>Lactobacillus fermentum</i> from Aqueous Solutions

Biosorption of Iron (II) from Aqueous Solution on Live Biomass of Aspergillus versicolor

The development of novel biosorbent is a challenge in the age of biotechnology. Biosorbent has a higher capacity for the removal of heavy metal pollutants from industrial wastewater and is necessary as it is more efficient than traditional technologies. In this study, we have examined living biomass of Aspergillus versicolor for the removal of Fe(II) from aqueous solution and found its maximum biosorption capacity of Fe(II) was 4.44 mg/g. This biosorption process was also tested under different conditions such as contact time, pH, temperature and initial metal ion concentration in batch setup. The optimum rate of biosorption was found after 8th days of contact time at pH 5.0 and 30˚C of temperature. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm model was successfully applied for the Fe(II) biosorption data and their value of correlation coefficients (R2) were obtained as 0.971 and 0.981, respectively, thus both isotherm models were best fitted on the equilibrium data.

Biosorption of iron by heavy-metal tolerant Micrococcus sp.

The presence of metal ions in aqueous solutions represents, nowadays a major environmental problem. The present study investigates the potential adsorption capacity of Micrococcus sp. for the removal of iron (III) ions from aqueous solution. The adsorbent was characterized using FTIR analysis, in order to reveal the presence of functional groups. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of process parameters such as pH, contact time, initial iron concentration, temperature and adsorbent dosage on removal capacity. The optimum removal of iron (III) ions was obtained at pH 6 with 94.2%, adsorbent dose of 0.5g with 92.5% and equilibrium time of 30 min with 88.6%. Kinetic data were successfully described with pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and elovich models. The results show that the biosorption process of Fe (III) followed pseudo second order with R2= 0.999. The equilibrium data was further tested using Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin models, and was found to follow the Langmuir isotherm (R2= 0.978).Thermodynamic parameters such as ∆Go, ∆Ho and ∆So were evaluated and it has been found that the biosorption process was feasible, spontaneous and exothermic in nature.Keywords: Bacteria, Biosorption, Iron, Isotherm, Kinetic

Biosorption of Iron from Ground Water by Biomasses of Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae )

Biosorption of Iron from Ground Water by Biomasses of Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae )

The effect of acid treatment on Klebsiella oxytoca for biosorption of iron

The effect of acid treatment on Klebsiella oxytoca for biosorption of iron

Heavy metal biosorption by chitin and chitosan isolated from Cunninghamella elegans (IFM 46109)

Chitin and chitosan were extracted from mycelial biomass of Cunninghamella elegans and the performance for copper, lead and iron biosorption in aqueous solution was evaluated. The growth curve of C. elegans was accomplished by determination of biomass, pH, glucose and nitrogen consumption. Chitin and chitosan were extracted by alkali-acid treatment and the yields were 23.8 and 7.8%, respectively. For the adsorption analysis, the process of heavy uptake metal sorption was evaluated using polysaccharides solutions (1% w/v). The rate of metallic biosorption was dependent upon the concentration and pH of metal solutions, and the best results were observed with pH 4.0. Chitosan showed the highest affinity for copper and chitin for iron adsorption. The results suggest that C. elegans (IFM 46109) is an attractive source of production of chitin and chitosan, with a great potential of heavy metals bioremediation in polluted environments.

Biosorption of iron(III)–cyanide complex anions to Rhizopus arrhizus: application of adsorption isotherms

The biosorption of iron(III)–cyanide complex anions to Rhizopus arrhizus was investigated. The iron(III)–cyanide complex ion binding capacity of the biosorbent was a function of initial pH, initial iron(III)–cyanide complex ion and biosorbent concentration. These results indicated that a significant reduction of iron(III)–cyanide complex ions was achieved at pH 13, a highly alkaline condition. The maximum loading capacity of biosorbent was 612·2 mg g −1 at 1996·2 mg litre −1 initial iron(III)–cyanide complex ion concentration at this pH. The Freundlich, Langmuir and Redlich–Peterson adsorption models were fitted to the equilibrium data at pH 3·0, 7·0 and 13·0. The equilibrium data could be best fitted to by all the adsorption models over the entire concentration range (50–2000 mg litre −1) at pH 13.

A Comparative Study of the Biosorption of Iron(III)–Cyanide Complex Anions to Rhizopus arrhizus and Chlorella vulgaris

In this study a comparative biosorption of iron(III)-cyanide complex anions from aqueous solutions to Rhizopus arrhizus and Chlorella vulgaris was investigated. The iron(III)-cyanide complex ion-binding capacities of the biosorbents were shown as a function of initial pH, initial iron(III)-cyanide complex ion, and biosorbent concentrations. The results indicated that a significant reduction of iron(III)-cyanide complex ions was achieved at pH 13, a highly alkaline condition for both the biosorbents. The maximum loading capacities of the biosorbents were found to be 612.2 mg/g for R.arrhizus at 1,996.2 mg/L initial iron(III)-cyanide complex ion concentration and 387.0 mg/g for C. vulgaris at 845.4 mg/L initial iron(III)-cyanide complex ion concentration at this pH. The Freundlich, Langmuir, and Redlich-Peterson adsorption models were fitted to the equilibrium data at pH 3, 7, and 13. The equilibrium data of the biosorbents could be best fitted by all the adsorption models over the entire concentration range at pH 13.

A Comparative Study of the Biosorption of Iron(III)—Cyanide Complex Anions to Rhizopus arrhizus and Chlorella vulgaris

ABSTRACT In this study a comparative biosorption of iron(III)—cyanide complex anions from aqueous solutions to Rhizopus arrhizus and Chlorella vulgaris was investigated. The iron(III)—cyanide complex ion-binding capacities of the biosorbents were shown as a function of initial pH, initial iron(III)—cyanide complex ion, and biosorbent concentrations. The results indicated that a significant reduction of iron(III)—cyanide complex ions was achieved at pH 13, a highly alkaline condition for both the biosorbents. The maximum loading capacities of the biosorbents were found to be 612.2 mg/g for R. arrhizus at 1996.2 mg/L initial iron(III)—cyanide complex ion concentration and 387.0 mg/g for C. vulgaris at 845.4 mg/L initial iron(III)—cyanide complex ion concentration at this pH. The Freundlich, Langmuir, and Redlich-Peterson adsorption models were fitted to the equilibrium data at pH 3, 7, and 13. The equilibrium data of the biosorbents could be best fitted by all the adsorption models over the entire concentration range at pH 13.

Activated Sludge Treatment of Coal-Gasification Effluent in a Petrochemical Plant – II. Metal Accumulation by Heterotrophic Bacteria

The metal-tolerant bacterial population of an activated sludge process treating coal gasification effluent in a zero-effluent water reclamation system was studied. Atomic absorption analyses of liquid and solids fractions of sludge showed that Fe, Cr, Zn, Ag, Hg, Cu, Cd, Pb, Ni, and Co were present in decreasing concentrations respectively, and that in all cases solids fractions contained highest metal concentrations. Seventeen metal-tolerant bacteria were isolated from the sludge and were shown to remove metals from broths in which they grew. In further broths also containing 100 mg ℓ−1 of metal ions, Pseudomonascepacia, Flavobacterium sp., Ps. sp., and Enterobacteraerogenes effected biosorption of iron; Ps. maltophila and Ps. paucimobilis (Strain 2) biosorbed copper; Ps. cepacia (strain 1) and Aeromonashydrophila biosorbed zinc; Ps. pseudomallei and Ps. cepacia (strain 1) biosorbed chromium, and Ps. cepacia (strain 2) and Zoogloea sp. effected biosorption of nickel.