Biomedical Research Institute Research Articles

Removable surface contamination at a biomedical research institution.

A rigorous, unannounced, campus-wide survey for removable surface contamination was performed at our institution. Wipe samples (n = 1,090) were collected from a variety of standardized locations in 45 large biomedical research laboratories that routinely use kBq-MBq (microCi-mCi) amounts of 3H, 14C, 32P, 35S, 51Cr, and 125I. The results showed a log-normal distribution for contamination, with about 90% of all samples below ten times background. Although working surfaces and equipment used in these laboratories can become contaminated with radioactive materials, especially by transfer from soiled gloves, the magnitude of the contamination is very small and typically restricted to surfaces, instruments, and equipment that are directly handled in the course of experimental work and which can be reasonably anticipated to be contaminated. These data suggest that contamination is not a significant problem in biomedical research laboratories at this institution and that the best protection from workplace contamination appears to continue to be the use of well-reviewed standard operating procedures and good work practices.

Binary toxins for targeting cancer cells. [Abst. L01] : Vic Raso, Katherine Sheldon, Dina Deldon, Boston Biomedical Research Institute, Boston, MA 02114, USA

Binary toxins for targeting cancer cells. [Abst. L01] : Vic Raso, Katherine Sheldon, Dina Deldon, Boston Biomedical Research Institute, Boston, MA 02114, USA

Defining the regions of human interleukin-5 important in receptor binding and cellular activation.

Annals of the New York Academy of SciencesVolume 796, Issue 1 p. 226-234 Defining the Regions of Human Interleukin-5 Important in Receptor Binding and Cellular Activation T. N. C. WELLS, T. N. C. WELLS Geneva Biomedical Research Institute Glaxo-Wellcome Research and Development S. A. 14 chemin des Aulx 1228 Plan-les-Ouates Geneva, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this authorP. GRABER, P. GRABER Geneva Biomedical Research Institute Glaxo-Wellcome Research and Development S. A. 14 chemin des Aulx 1228 Plan-les-Ouates Geneva, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this authorM. MCKINNON, M. MCKINNON Medicines Research Centre Glaxo Research and Development Stevenage, Herts. SGI 2NY United KingdomSearch for more papers by this authorM. BANKS, M. BANKS Medicines Research Centre Glaxo Research and Development Stevenage, Herts. SGI 2NY United KingdomSearch for more papers by this authorD. FATTAH, D. FATTAH Medicines Research Centre Glaxo Research and Development Stevenage, Herts. SGI 2NY United KingdomSearch for more papers by this authorR. SOLARI, R. SOLARI Medicines Research Centre Glaxo Research and Development Stevenage, Herts. SGI 2NY United KingdomSearch for more papers by this authorM. C. PEITSCH, M. C. PEITSCH Geneva Biomedical Research Institute Glaxo-Wellcome Research and Development S. A. 14 chemin des Aulx 1228 Plan-les-Ouates Geneva, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this authorA. E. I. PROUDFOOT, A. E. I. PROUDFOOT Geneva Biomedical Research Institute Glaxo-Wellcome Research and Development S. A. 14 chemin des Aulx 1228 Plan-les-Ouates Geneva, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this author T. N. C. WELLS, T. N. C. WELLS Geneva Biomedical Research Institute Glaxo-Wellcome Research and Development S. A. 14 chemin des Aulx 1228 Plan-les-Ouates Geneva, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this authorP. GRABER, P. GRABER Geneva Biomedical Research Institute Glaxo-Wellcome Research and Development S. A. 14 chemin des Aulx 1228 Plan-les-Ouates Geneva, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this authorM. MCKINNON, M. MCKINNON Medicines Research Centre Glaxo Research and Development Stevenage, Herts. SGI 2NY United KingdomSearch for more papers by this authorM. BANKS, M. BANKS Medicines Research Centre Glaxo Research and Development Stevenage, Herts. SGI 2NY United KingdomSearch for more papers by this authorD. FATTAH, D. FATTAH Medicines Research Centre Glaxo Research and Development Stevenage, Herts. SGI 2NY United KingdomSearch for more papers by this authorR. SOLARI, R. SOLARI Medicines Research Centre Glaxo Research and Development Stevenage, Herts. SGI 2NY United KingdomSearch for more papers by this authorM. C. PEITSCH, M. C. PEITSCH Geneva Biomedical Research Institute Glaxo-Wellcome Research and Development S. A. 14 chemin des Aulx 1228 Plan-les-Ouates Geneva, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this authorA. E. I. PROUDFOOT, A. E. I. PROUDFOOT Geneva Biomedical Research Institute Glaxo-Wellcome Research and Development S. A. 14 chemin des Aulx 1228 Plan-les-Ouates Geneva, SwitzerlandSearch for more papers by this author First published: October 1996 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb32585.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume796, Issue1Cytokines and Adhesion Molecules in Lung InflammationOctober 1996Pages 226-234 RelatedInformation

Pathology scoring system for blast injuries.

A pathology scoring system, initially developed by the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research in collaboration with the Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute and currently used in the Jaycor Pathos data base program, was modified to arrive at a severity of injury index for individual animals. With this approach, an animal was assessed for injuries by using an alphanumeric code. External lesions, fractures, and trauma to pharynx/larynx, trachea, lungs, heart, hollow abdominal organs, and solid abdominal organs were assigned individual numerical scores based on the severity of the lesion. The various lesions also were graded as trace, slight, moderate, or extensive, depending upon their severity. Each individual score was divided by its preassigned maximum possible score to arrive at a severity of injury ratio for that organ or system. The presence or absence, and the extent of a pneumothorax, hemothorax, hemoperitoneum, coronary air, or cerebral air were summed and added to the sum of the ratios. The resulting value was then multiplied by 1 or 2, depending upon whether the subject was a survivor or a fatality, to arrive at an adjusted severity of injury index by excluding ear damage values from the sum of the ratios. The severity of injury index was used in conjunction with a single degree of freedom blast model to develop damage risk criteria for blast injury.

Gero-informatics and the Internet: locating gerontology information on the World Wide Web (WWW).

The Internet, and in particular the World Wide Web (WWW), are growing at a tremendous rate. Information useful to researchers and practitioners in gerontology is scattered and hard to locate, even for experts in the use of the WWW. In order to locate and organize access to this material, a WWW server was developed for gerontologists, using state-of-the-art Internet search techniques. This report provides background on the WWW, reasons for its growth, its potential usefulness to gerontologists, and the results of an exhaustive search of over 300 potential sites. Relevant information was discovered in 5 general categories of gerontology-related information: academic institutions, government agencies, biomedical and health research institutions, general interest sites and data archives.

Caldesmon regulation of les and esophageal smooth muscle contraction: [formula omitted], J.R. Haeberle, C-L.A. Wang, J. Behar, and P. Biancani. Rhode Island Hospital and Brown Univ., Providence RI., Univ. of Vermont, Burlington VT and Boston Biomedical Research Institute, Boston MA

Caldesmon regulation of les and esophageal smooth muscle contraction: [formula omitted], J.R. Haeberle, C-L.A. Wang, J. Behar, and P. Biancani. Rhode Island Hospital and Brown Univ., Providence RI., Univ. of Vermont, Burlington VT and Boston Biomedical Research Institute, Boston MA

Future Costs of Chimpanzees in U.S. Research Institutions.

The International Species Inventory System (ISIS) keeps a registry of most of the captive chimpanzees kept in zoos and research colonies throughout the world (Seal and others 1977). The ISIS database recorded a total of 2,572 chimpanzees maintained in captivity worldwide as of January 1995. More than half of these animals (1,455 in all) are housed at 6 biomedical research institutions in the United States. Support for these animals comes principally from commercial sources (mostly the pharmaceutical industry), and National Institutes of Health (NIH) research and animal resource grants and contracts. Chimpanzees have been used extensively in hepatitis vaccine development (Purcell 1992), and are currently the only animal model known to be susceptible to HIV-1 infection (Warren and Dolatshahi 1994). In 1973 the United States signed the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), and in 1977 the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service designated wild chimpanzees as endangered and chimpanzees in captivity as threatened. Since further importation from the wild is prohibited, biomedical research needs for these animals must be met from domestic sources. Because there was concern that fertility, particularly of colony-born animals, might not be high enough to produce enough chimpanzees for U.S. biomedical needs, NIH initiated a chimpanzee breeding and research program in 1986 to help fund production of animals in 5 of the 6 research colonies (Wolfle and April 1994). As the result of developments in husbandry funded in part by these grants, breeding programs in all 6 colonies have been successful, and it appears that the U.S. chimpanzee population as a whole has the capability to be self-sustaining. The biomedical value of chimpanzees lies in their close evolutionary relationship and concomitant physiological and immunologic similarities to humans. These characteristics are balanced against difficulties in caring for such a large, late-maturing,

Summary of new animal welfare regulations

There have been a number of changes in the legal regulations controlling the use of animals in biomedical research institutes in the United States of America. A short summary-booklet has been written by Robert R Smeby and published in February 1994 by the Scientists Center for Animal Welfare (SCAW), and is a useful and reasonably detailed account of the current statutory requirements. The summary cannot be used as a replacement to the complete regulations as published in the Federal Register but it will still be found most helpful by scientists, research animal care personnel and by others wanting or needing to know something of the details of the regulations covering laboratory animal care and use in the United States.

Causal relationship between article citedness and journal impact

The relationship between article citedness and journal impact was investigated on the basis of complete publication lists provided by 16 senior scientists from a major Norwegian biomedical research institute. The citedness of each individual journal article was measured as the mean annual number of citations during the second to fourth year after publication, and compared with the impact factor (mean article citedness) of each corresponding journal, recorded during the first two years after publication. The distribution of article citedness was very skewed (corresponding to a topnormal, extreme-property distribution yielding linearity in a semilogarithmic plot), even for individual authors and within defined journal impact cohorts. The large variability was not due to random citation of the individual article, but rather to a fundamental heterogeneity among the articles. A similar skewness was found in the distribution of journal impact values, whereas the author impact distribution was less heterogeneous. The skewed distributions resulted in poor correlations between article citedness and journal impact, for the whole article population (correlation coefficient, c=0.41) as well as for individual authors (mean c=0.32; range 0.05–0.66) and journal pairs (mean c=0.22). Pooling of articles into defined journal impact cohorts dramatically improved the correlation (c=0.999 for the study group as a whole), indicating that the authors tended to submit their most cited work to journals of higher impact (although several notable exceptions were observed among individual authors). However, very large numbers of articles (50–100) had to be pooled in order to obtain good correlations (c=0.8–0.9). Furthermore, the mean citedness of the study group (3.34 ± 0.16 citations/article/year; mean ± SE of 907 articles) differed significantly from the corresponding mean journal impact (2.61 ± 0.07); for individual authors even larger discrepancies were observed. Use of journal impact as an evaluation parameter may therefore yield highly misleading results, unless the evaluated unit (author, research group, institution, or country) happens to be equal to the world average. By dividing the authors into a highly cited group (the eight most cited authors) and a less cited group (the eight least cited authors) it was possible to observe a twofold ratio in citedness between the two groups throughout the journal impact range. This difference could not be accounted for by journal choice, and did not diminish with increasing journal impact. The citedness of journal articles thus does not seem to be detectably influenced by the status of the journal in which they are published. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Scripps defends research deal with Sandoz

The Scripps Research Institute says National Institutes of Health director Bernadine P. Healy mischaracterized a proposed research agreement between Scripps and Swiss-based Sandoz Pharmaceuticals Corp. when she portrayed it as stifling free enterprise and restricting the free exchange of ideas. Scripps, located in La Jolla, Calif., is the U.S's largest independent nonprofit biomedical research institution. NIH provides the bulk of its $100 million annual funding. Last December, Scripps negotiated an agreement with Sandoz under which the East Hanover, N.J., firm would have the right to patent Scripps' discoveries from 1997 to 2007 in exchange for $300 million over that period. NIH had no input into the agreement, Healy testified at a recent hearing before the House Committee on Small Business' Subcommittee on Regulation, Business Opportunities & Technology. Subcommittee chairman Ron Wyden (D.-Ore.) asked NIH in February to look into the deal, saying he was concerned about the potential for drug companies t...

25 Cytogenetic limning of events in tumor development: Avery A. Sandberg, Southwest Biomedical Research Institute of Genetrix, 6401 East Thomas Road, Scottsdale, Arizona 85251

25 Cytogenetic limning of events in tumor development: Avery A. Sandberg, Southwest Biomedical Research Institute of Genetrix, 6401 East Thomas Road, Scottsdale, Arizona 85251

Bioethics at the National Institutes of Health.

The National Institutes of Health is the largest biomedical research institution in the world. It has become one of the world's most highly respected research centers in part because of its efforts over the years to provide the research community with leadership in both the ethical and scientific parameters of research involving humans. As its 113th birthday approaches at the turn of the century, its great legacy is providing an environment to stimulate and nourish the diversity and creativity of ideas, and thereby enable science to progress. This research must continue to be guided and tempered by consistent and critical federally-supported ethical analyses.

17 Chromosomal aspects of human cancer: Avery A. Sandberg. The Cancer Center, Southwest Biomedical Research Institute, Scottsdale, AZ 85251

17 Chromosomal aspects of human cancer: Avery A. Sandberg. The Cancer Center, Southwest Biomedical Research Institute, Scottsdale, AZ 85251

An increase in in vitro fertilization ability of low-density human sperm capacitated by multiple-tube swim-up : Tanphaichitr N; Randall M; Fitzgerald L; et al Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dana Biomedical Research Institute, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Fertil. Steril.; 48/5 (821–827)/1987/

An increase in in vitro fertilization ability of low-density human sperm capacitated by multiple-tube swim-up : Tanphaichitr N; Randall M; Fitzgerald L; et al Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dana Biomedical Research Institute, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Fertil. Steril.; 48/5 (821–827)/1987/

Medical Technology Assessment Directory Council on Health Care Technology Institute of Medicine

The Council on Health Care Technology of the Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences, has published the Medical Technology Assessment Directory. The 712 page directory is an extensive compilation and description of activities in the field.The publication is designed to help crystallize the subject matter of medical technology assessment and to identify and serve the emerging network of individuals, organizations, and institutions that generate and use technology assessments. The directory provides access to assessment people, programs, and resources to keep users up to date on developments in the field. It should be useful for reviewing available assessments of a particular technology before beginning an assessment project or making a decision on coverage, reimbursement, acquisition, medical practice, or standard setting.The directory includes profiles of 68 assessment programs and a total of approximately 3,200 bibliographic citations of their assessment reports. These programs are located in public and private sector organizations, including professional, scientific, and industry associations, biomedical research institutions, educational institutions, government advisory bodies, regulatory agencies, third party payers, policy institutes, and for-profit corporations.

Assigned shares and combined insults.

Risk AnalysisVolume 6, Issue 3 p. 371-372 Assigned Shares and Combined Insults Fritz A. Seiler, Fritz A. Seiler Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute, Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, P.O. Box 5890, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.Search for more papers by this author Fritz A. Seiler, Fritz A. Seiler Inhalation Toxicology Research Institute, Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute, P.O. Box 5890, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185.Search for more papers by this author First published: September 1986 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1986.tb00230.xCitations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume6, Issue3September 1986Pages 371-372 RelatedInformation

4534967 Cell proliferation inhibitor and method of preparation: Bernard Jacobson, Laurie Raymond assigned to Boston Biomedical Research Institute

4534967 Cell proliferation inhibitor and method of preparation: Bernard Jacobson, Laurie Raymond assigned to Boston Biomedical Research Institute

A cytogenetic study of urological tumors : C. Berger, A.A. Sandberg, Z. Gibas, F. Hecht, B.K. Hecht; The Genetics Center of Southwest Biomedical Research Institute, Tempe AZ and Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo NY

A cytogenetic study of urological tumors : C. Berger, A.A. Sandberg, Z. Gibas, F. Hecht, B.K. Hecht; The Genetics Center of Southwest Biomedical Research Institute, Tempe AZ and Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo NY

Infection of cryopreserved adult human hepatocytes with [formula omitted] sporozoites

INFECTION OF CRYOPRESERVED ADULT HUMAN HEPATOCYTES WITH PLASMODIUN FALCIPARUN SPOROZOITES J.F.G.M. Meis*, S.H. yap+ P.J.M. Rijntjes+, J.P. Verhave*, T. Poudurai*, MR. Hollingdale' and * Departments of Medical Parasito@y and t Gastroenterology, University of Nijmege, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands and Biomedical Research Institute, Rockville, Md-20852 The liver stage of malaria parasites is initiated when a motile sporosoite penetrates a hepatocyte and starts development. This stage is still the least studied phase of the human malarial parasites, because of the difficulty to obtain parasites from experimental hosts or man(l).

Genetic and Related Biomedical Aspects of Twinning

1. Frederick Hecht 2. Barbara K. Hecht 1. Director, The Genetics Center of Southwest Biomedical Research Institute, 123 E University Drive, Tempe, AZ 85281; Professor of Zoology (Genetics), Arizona State University; and Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nevada 2. Senior Associate Director, The Genetics Center; Associate Professor of Zoology (Genetics), Arizona State University; and Associate Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nevada Twins are nothing new. They have been of interest for thousands of years. The Song of Solomon sang in amorous tones: Thy breasts are like two young roes that are twins , which feed among the lilies. Genesis relates the story of Adam and Eve and their sons: Cain and Abel. According to Mohammedan tradition, Cain and Abel were born with twin sisters. Adam wished for Cain to marry Abel's twin and for Abel to marry Cain's twin. However, Cain was enamored of his own twin sister and so in jealousy slew his brother Abel. Twins appear in many ancient writings beyond the Bible. Romulus and Remus, the mythic founders of Rome, were twins. Shakespeare wrote of twinn'd lambs that did frisk; ' the sun, and bleat the one of the in The Winter's Tale. GALTON: THE STUDY OF TWINS Modern scientific interest in twins dates to Sir Francis Galton. In 1875, Galton emphasized the importance of studies of twins to distinguish heredity from environment or, as he put it, nature from nurture. Galton, a cousin of Charles Darwin, made numerous other contributions, among them the study of fingerprints which are remarkably alike in identical twins. Fingerprints are today commonplace in law. In pediatrics, dermatoglyphic features assist in the rapid clinical diagnosis of trisomy 13, 18, and 21 (Down syndrome).