Biography Research Articles

Biography of Writers as a Motivation for Creative Skills of Primary School Students

In addition to education and training, formation of skills of practical application of the acquired knowledge is the goal of modern school. Therefore, the ability to use what has been learnt as a sample, as an example, is formed in pupils who get acquainted with biographies of writers and poets. Literary works play a special role in the formation of a person's personal qualities and his further development. Presenting information about the author's biography is one of the ways to arouse interest in reading and analyzing a work of fiction. The article argumentatively shows the role of studying the biography of the writer as a motivation in teaching for the development of creative abilities of younger pupils. The biographical method should be used as an element, which helps to prepare children to perceive and analyze the studied literary work.

Obraz regionu w opowiadaniach gwarowych Klemensa Frenszkowskiego. Wybrane zagadnienia

The aim of this article is to restore to public memory the literary output of Klemens Frenszkowski as the author of stories in the Warmian dialect prepared for publication. The analytical material consists of 24 stories of various genre provenance, the content of which concerns the everyday life of Warmians at the threshold of the 20th century. Problematisation distinguished three scopes. The social and family context involves the reconstruction of the author's biography on the basis of historical sources and literary texts. The cultural context concerns the realities of everyday life, fragments of customs and beliefs practised by the Warmian characters. The political-military context concerns the realities of public life (military service and politics).

Interdisciplinarity in cultural gerontology and geriatric medical humanities - a bibliometric survey.

Cultural gerontology - understanding ageing through the lens of arts and humanities-has emerged as an important element of epistemology of ageing. As a boundary area between geriatric medicine/gerontology and arts/humanities disciplines, joint-working/interdisciplinarity is desirable. This project aims to assess the degree of joint-working manifested in cultural gerontology by authorship and acknowledgements in papers dedicated to cultural gerontology in five journals. Observational survey of authorship in 5 journals from the founding of the specific sections on cultural gerontology or specific dedicated journals, assessing number of authors, disciplinary identities, and evidence of joint working within cultural gerontology. Of 591 papers, 481 (81%) were single authors. There was a spread of disciplinary affiliations, 247 (41.8%) gerontology/age studies, 169 arts/humanities/social sciences (28.6%) and 133 of uncertain affiliation (22.5%): only 38 papers had a clear indication of joint working across the disciplines (6.4%). In the two geriatric medicine journals, European Geriatric Medicine and Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, authorship was almost exclusively from geriatric medicine/gerontology. There was extremely limited use of acknowledgements. Our study indicates that single authorship is the most frequent mode of peer-reviewed publishing in cultural gerontology, whilst acknowledging that some authors may have scholarly training in multiple fields but are listed as unidisciplinary. Leaders in the field and editors of relevant journals/section need to consider ways of encouraging and recognising joint working, through fuller descriptions of multiple affiliations, brief author biographies, fuller use of acknowledgements and consideration of brief accompanying discussant responses from complementary disciplines.

Unlocking the Potential of the Decolonial Approach in Migration Studies

ABSTRACTBased on a bibliometric analysis of Scopus‐indexed articles on decolonial research on migration from Social Science disciplines this article outlines the main topics covered by the sampled literature, namely: (1) the academic migration as framed by the internationalization discourse in higher education; (2) migrants' social movements and their transnational dimension; (3) gender and age in decolonial studies of migration; (4) the ways in which intersectionality shapes migrants' experiences through their class, race, gender and sexual orientation; and (5) critique of humanitarian discourse regarding refugees and asylum seekers. The article shows that type of literature first emerged in 2010 and significantly increased after 2020. Likewise, the geographic distribution of the knowledge production in this field highlights the uneven contributions by various countries and regions. Moreover, this picture is further complicated by the biographies of authors who, in many instances, are academic migrants coming from different national backgrounds in the Global South to work in higher education institutions in the Global North. The article ends with suggestions for further developments of the decolonial approach in the study of migration.

Verborgene Transformation des autoritären Regionalismus: Biografien der Beamt*innen als Abbildung der Funktionen der Organisationen

AbstractAuthoritarian regionalism constitutes a challenging topic for empirical research due to a substantial gap between official mandates and the actual practices of regional organizations (ROs). While formally most authoritarian ROs “download” the global script of regionalism and imitate the European Union, in practice, they are used by their member states for different purposes than economic integration—in particular, to legitimize the nondemocratic regimes. At the same time, there are also examples of authoritarian ROs that go beyond simple autocracy-sustaining rhetoric and have actual policy implications. This paper argues that the differences between authoritarian ROs can be better observed if one looks not at the official mandates but at the background of their key officials. Using the case of post-Soviet Eurasia with its proliferation of authoritarian ROs, I show that a look at the biographies of officials clearly reveals the existence of two generations of ROs—one with primarily symbolic importance and one with actual economic integration ambitions.

National Heroes of Vietnam through the Lens of State Myth-making

The elevation by the state of certain historical characters to the rank of national heroes is always myth-making, which pursues its own goals. To understand such goals in relation to Vietnam, it seems important to consider its national heroes, especially since their list is actually determined at the state level. An analysis of the “official” national heroes of Vietnam allows us to draw a number of conclusions. The choice of characters is largely «Sino-centric», which generally reflects the role of the northern neighbor in the history of the Vietnamese state and its worldview in the modern period. Most of the heroes are military leaders and heads of state (mainly who went down in history because the resistance to the Chinese), and not cultural figures, science or art. At the same time, their official biographies are always close to the image of an ideal person, regardless of actual actions. Here one can see the Confucian basis of Vietnamese society, in which history is always positive. Noteworthy is the apparent lack of figures from the last two centuries (with the exception of Ho Chi Minh), which seems to reflect the following peculiarity of the political culture of Vietnam: power usually avoids personification. Also interesting is the modest number of characters associated with Buddhism and religion in general, which may be a consequence of the course taken in the last century to build socialism, which presupposes an atheistic view of the world.

The Kitāb al-Jadal of Abū Bakr ʿImād al-Dīn ʿAbdallāh b. Muḥammad al-Nūqānī al-Baghdādī al-Shāfiʿī (A Scholar of the Sixth Century): A Study and Critical Edition

Objectives: This study contains a critical first edition of a text in the fields of Uṣūl al-Fiqh (Principles of Islamic Jurisprudence) and Jadal (Islamic Dialectics) by ʿImād al-Nūqānī, a prominent Shāfiʿī scholar in the disciplines of Fiqh, Uṣūl, and Jadal. The study also seeks to shed light on the author's biography, which remained obscure for an extended period. Methodology: The study employs an inductive approach based on collecting, analysing, comparing, and deducing information regarding the author's biography. It also utilises a historical method focused on authenticating the manuscript's attribution to the author through critical examination and validation of information on his person. Findings: Among the most significant findings of this study is the calculation of al-Nūqānī’s life span as being from the second decade to the end of the sixth century (or early seventh century) and the refutation of the manuscript's incorrect attribution to Fakhr al- Nūqānī. Originality: This study's value lies in its critical edition of a previously unedited text and in clarifying the author's biography. The text includes essential discussions such as objections to analogical reasoning (qiyās), the conditions for there being a qiyās al-ʿilla (analogical reasoning based on the effective cause), the organisation of objections in a debate, and the types of rational and transmitted evidence.

تحليل مواد تعليم اللغة العربية لكتاب النحو الواضح في الجزء الأول لعلي الجارم ومصطفى أمين

Nahwu Wadhih is one of the most widely used Arabic grammar books among beginner Arabic language learners. Therefore, it is essential to deeply understand and study the book's background, objectives, advantages, and disadvantages. This study aims to describe the author's biography, history, and overview of the book Nahwu Wadhih First Juz by 'Ali Al-Jarim and Musthafa Amin and identify it in terms of the book's objectives, advantages, and disadvantages. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with the type of library research with the book Nahwu Wadhih First Juz as the primary data and several books and scientific journals as secondary data. The data collection technique was carried out using the documentation method, which was then analyzed using the 3 steps of the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana model: data condensation, data display, and conclusions drawing. The result of this study is that the book of Nahwu Wadhih First Juz is a book for elementary school, which is the work of 2 experts in Egypt, namely Dr. 'Ali Al-Jarim and Dr. Musthafa Amin. This book contains basic rules in Arabic that aim to help beginners learn the rules of Arabic properly and correctly. This book has several advantages but is also inseparable from its shortcomings. Further research could be conducted to study the effectiveness of using this book in the Arabic language learning process in different educational institutions.

Author Biographies

Author Biographies

Author Biographies for Winter Issue

Author Biographies for Winter Issue

Author Biographies

Author Biographies

Author Biographies

Author Biographies

Author Biographies

Author Biographies

Lyricism in the World of George Sand

Lyric poetry’s metier is figurative language – metaphor, simile and imagery – used to represent happenings at human/world intersections, and within the world and the individual, covering, as Jane Hirschfield writes, “both senses and psyche” (2015).1 These affordances render it particularly suited to the writing of character in poetic biography. The creative artefact from my creative writing PhD is a poetic biography of 19th century French social radical and prolific author, George Sand. As a work of ‘restitution poetics’ it proposes to contribute to repair of a creative, literary women’s lineage damaged by the exclusion or misrepresentation of women. Sand’s multiple milieux lend themselves to lyric representation both in the variety of roles and settings she chose for herself, and in her own rich lyric representation of those worlds in her various writings. She straddled political worlds – lunch with the first minister, urgent correspondence with Napoléon’s nephew – as well as more personal settings – conversing with famous artists, writers, and musicians, love trysts, as well as the world of her country property. “The language of the poem”, Mary Oliver avers, “is the language of particulars”2 and particulars feature in the lyric and narrative modes I employ to hone in on Sand’s world, seeking to capture camembert-and-rough-red, chicken-ammonia, heart-piercing nightingales, rough Berrichon, and lined-foolscap-blue ink worlds. These are conveyed as strategies both to honour her, and to communicate her life in compelling visceral, sensory, and I hope, impactful ways.

Author Biographies and End Matter

Author Biographies and End Matter

Suficiente luz y suficientes sombras. Descripción fenomenológica de la muerte de Cristo en los escritos de Blaise y Jacqueline Pascal

Le Mystère de la mort de Notre Seigneur Jésus-Christ, by Jacqueline Pascal, constitutes a work of interest, in which not only the literary virtues of Blaise Pascal’s sister are reflected, but also a glimpse of her “phenomenological” capacity. After an approach to the biography of this 17th century author, an analysis of the work and its philosophical and theological scope, in connection with the writings of Blaise Pascal, is presented, as a reference to her genius and the impact of the influence of Port-Royal’s thought.

Антиномия вымысла и достоверности в романе Джона Ирвинга «Мир глазами Гарпа»

The article examines the antinomy between fictionality and authenticity in The World According to Garp by John Irving. The first part of this article deals with the narrator of the framing text, who constantly shifts from pure imagination to meticulous fixation on pseudo-documental facts about the fictionalized character Garp. The mode of narration in terms of adhering to factuality and imagination alters in different parts of the novel. The ambiguity of the narrator’s position and its inclusion in the considered novel’s antinomy result in the possibility of attributing the novel’s framing text to either Garp himself or his official biographer, Donald Whitcomb. Further, the article examines interpolated texts attributed to the secondary narrator (Garp), in which he tries to find a balance between pure fantasy and reliance on memory in his work. Garp’s fiction here divides into three major groups: memory and personal experience based, imaginative, and a combination of the two, of which the latter proved to be the most fruitful. The article describes how the relationship of the primary and secondary narrators with conventional “reality” is complicated by comparing the frame text and texts attributed to the character, as well as the latter with the works of the biographical author (i. e. Irving). The final part of the article exposes the lyric poetry as a synthesis of (auto)biographical (e. g. “Sexual Suspect” by Jenny Fields, character’s mother) and fictionalized (Garp’s works). The antinomy of fictionality and authenticity helps raise questions about authenticity in art, “high” and “low” literature, and the nature of art and creativity.

ФИЛОСОФСКАЯ ШКОЛА Д.В. ПИВОВАРОВА: СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ И ПОТЕНЦИАЛ РАЗВИТИЯ

The relevance of the problem being developed is due to the fact that, on the one hand, quite significant attention is paid to the study of philosophical schools in modern literature. However, on the other hand, there are sometimes certain disagreements in the views of representatives of the philosophical community. Some believe that as philosophy develops, its schools gradually lose their significance. Others, who deny ideas of this kind, believe that if certain rules are followed during the functioning of the school, then within its boundaries new knowledge is generated that enriches humanity. The purpose of the study, which has a historical and philosophical nature, is to, taking into account the most significant and heuristically valuable thoughts of various authors, reflect the process of formation of the philosophical school of D. V. Pivovarov, describe its current state and identify prospects for further development. Based on the principles of integrity, systematicity and historicism, using methods of analysis, synthesis and extrapolation in our research, we sought to reveal the multidimensional talent of this extraordinary person, capable, having absorbed all the best from his teachers, to find happiness in the process of scientific creativity, to identify and raise fundamental philosophical problems and involve others in this. The work draws attention to Daniil Valentinovich’s contribution to the enrichment of philosophical thought, which is so significant that it is not limited to the creation of only the officially approved philosophical school «Synthetic Paradigm of Philosophy». Among philosophers there is an idea that Pivovarov is also the founder of the Ural school of religious studies. Studying his philosophical biography as impartially as possible, we sought to show that this idea has the most solid foundations and Daniil Valentinovich managed to raise and convey to specialists topical, sometimes unique layers of knowledge in the field of religious studies: his educational and theoretical works have the proper scientific novelty directions, dissertation research of his graduate students and doctoral students. The changing specificity of the direction of Daniil Valentinovich’s research can also be seen in the renaming of the department he heads and the training of relevant qualified specialists. A significant place in our study is given to the analysis of the development potential of the Pivovarov School and the conditions for its implementation. Attention is drawn to the fact that the rich ideological heritage of Daniil Valentinovich remains largely underestimated; At the same time, the original, scientifically novel ideas of his students are often overlooked. The authors of the article believe that the successful development of a school largely depends on the cohesion of its members. The spiritual heritage of Daniil Valentinovich Pivovarov is the basis that gives reason to believe that his philosophical school will continue to develop. Its representatives will either rally around the new leader, or, relying on the ideas of their teacher, will begin to form new philosophical schools.

ЧОМУ КНИЖКИ ПЕРЕСІКАЮТЬ ОКЕАНИ? ДО ІСТОРІЇ КНИГИ АЛЕКСІЯ ПЕЛИПЕНКО «УКРАЇНА ПЛАЧЕ», 1937-2015

The aim of the research. The article deals with the paths of A. Pelypenko's book "Ukraine Cries" (1937) to readers, examines the issues of Bolshevism in the Slovenian cultural and political press at the end of the 1930s, finds out the awareness of Slovenians about the events in Ukraine and the Bolshevist terror against the Ukrainian population in the 1920s–30s, the impact of the content of this book on Slovenian society through clarifying the details of the biography of Father A. Pelypenko, expanding knowledge about the fate of Ukrainian immigrants (using the example of a Ukrainian clergyman’s biography) and the interaction of the Ukrainian and Slovenian diasporas in Argentina. Scientific novelty of the research. Neither Pelypenko's writing activities nor his biography have yet become the subject of research in Ukraine. Conclusions. At the end of the 1930s, the Bolshevist terror was the first topic of the cultural and political press in Slovenia. The book "Ukraine cries" by the Ukrainian clergyman Alexius Pelypenko (1893–1983), published first in Germamy in 1937, then in Slovenia in 1939–1940, gained the greatest resonance. The book enriched Slovenes' awareness of events in Ukraine with new information and details. The content of the book was so significant that it crossed the Atlantic three times on its way to the people: it went from Germany to Slovenia, then to the USA, and again to Slovenia, and from there to Argentina, and again to Slovenia. This is an eyewitness account of real events in the village of Volovodivka during the famine artificially created by the Bolsheviks in Ukraine in 1921–1923, and it describes part of the author's biography in a slightly modified form. Fate took Father Pelypenko first to the fronts of the First World War, then to his native Podillia, and from there – to the West of Ukraine, Poland, Germany, and Argentina. The familiarity of Slovenes with this book may have helped Pelipenko in Argentina, where he received the support of the Slovene priest in emigration, Jozef Kastelic (1888–1940). The reciprocity of Slovenian and Ukrainian diasporas in Argentina can be traced through their neighboring settlements in Buenos Aires. There was much in common in the spiritual life of immigrants to Argentina as well. Pelypenko is the author of 26 books and numerous articles, all of which affect Ukrainian people and the Ukrainian Orthodox Church under the yoke of communism to some extent. Interest in the events and Bolshevist terror in Ukraine in the world did not weaken during the Cold War and later, especially after the beginning of Russian aggression against Ukraine in 2014, which in February 2022 resulted in a full-scale war. Pelypenko's book shows that Russia's policy towards Ukraine has not changed in the 21st century.

João Vicente Martins e o ensino da leitura e da escrita para crianças no Brasil do século XIX

Abstract Based on an analysis of a school textbook produced by Joo Vicente Martins in 1854, this article aims to understand the history of schooling in Brazil in the second half of the nineteenth century, notably in the elements of teaching reading and writing to children. Martins launched himself into the publishing market with Cartilha de Leitura repentina, ou plágio do Método Castilho, in an attempt to bring together the ideals of two important forerunners of the debate about methods for teaching the mother tongue engaged with the universalization of elementary education: the Frenchman Joseph Jacotot and the Portuguese António Feliciano Castilho. Takins as a source, above all the periodical press and the productions of Castilho and Martins, the analysis carried out was organized around two main aspects: the biography of the latter author and the materiality of his textbook. It is concluded, that, although it announces the elaboration of a plagiarism of the Castilho method, the work undertaken by João Vicente Martins presented his ideals about the child schooling in the Brazilian context of clashes between techniques of teaching reading and writing in the nineteenth century.