Biographical Review Research Articles

Louis Armstrong’s Lip Problems: Satchmo’s Syndrome Reviewed

This study is a biographical review and an analysis of the existing photographs of Armstrong's lip with the aim of better understanding the origin and progression of his disorder. A review was made of the most important biographies, newspapers, and magazines referring to Louis Armstrong and medical reports about Satchmo's syndrome. Major archives related to Louis Armstrong were searched for documents, photographs, articles, videos, letters, and other items, using the terms "lip," "embouchure," "mouth," and "problem." Information was sought on Armstrong's playing technique, playing schedule, lip changes, lip problems, and other related health issues. It was found that Louis Armstrong suffered dermatological lip problems due to his intense playing schedule and the way he played from the very beginning of his career. This first created swelling and superficial erosions that later became cracks and fissures. These lesions finally produced ulcers which evolved into scar tissue after healing. This made the mucosa thicker and stiffer, making it more difficult for the lip to vibrate and forcing him to increase the tension and pressure in the area in order to play the trumpet. This created a vicious cycle with the scar tissue leading to further problems. These injuries even bled several times while he was playing and, on some occasions, left his mouth and clothes bloodied in the middle of concerts. His biography does not make any reference to difficulties or symptoms that could indicate that he had orbicularis oris muscle rupture, except for the fact that he had trouble playing, a symptom common to any injury to the lips in a wind instrument player. Analysis of the existing data indicates that Louis Armstrong's lip problems were most likely due to mucosa fibromatous hyperplasia resulting from chronic microtrauma rather than a rupture of the orbicularis oris muscle. Therefore, we propose that this disorder should no longer be referred to as Satchmo's syndrome.

Women in Nutrition Science: A Biographical Review.

The field of nutrition is in debt to a cadre of women who led the field through its formative years. This review highlights the contributions of these women that are gleaned through analysis of biographical articles published in The Journal of Nutrition. Forces emerged during the development of nutrition science, such as departments of home economics and the majority-female field of dietetics, that suggest women might be well represented in biographical articles in the field of nutrition. However, just 29 women have been the subject of biographical articles in The Journal of Nutrition representing 14.3% of the 202 biographical articles published to date - a percentage lower than scientific journals overall. This review explores these biographies to identify factors that facilitated and hindered careers and to highlight the manifold scientific contributions of women in nutrition science. This review looks toward the past to provide perspective and inspiration for those working in the field of nutrition today.

Aya Kitou: capacidade de resiliência segundo o modelo biopsicossocial de Boris Cyrulnik

Abstract Objective: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2, an orphan disease also known as spinocerebellar degeneration, is characterized by a degenerative process of the cerebellum and spinal cord. Method Biographical review of a Japanese woman known as Aya Kitou, using a qualitative approach of discourse analysis to identify resilience capacity, based on Boris Cyrulnik’s Biopsychosocial model. Results Description based on the detailed experience reported in Aya´s diary; the areas to achieve resilience are identified (internal resources, sociocultural significance and social support system) Conclusion Although the progression of the clinical condition compromised Aya”s functional capacity, limiting her autonomy and quality of life, it was evidenced that thanks to strong social networks individuals are more likely to achieve resilience, although the prevalence of social values and meanings upon the patient creates greater social anxiety and a greater feeling of inferiority and incapacity.

Spiky pygmy devils: revision of the genus Discotettix (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) and synonymy of Discotettiginae with Scelimeninae

Spiky pygmy devils (Tetrigidae: Discotettiginae) are, because of the spiky pronotal projections and widened subapical antennal segments, among the most unique pygmy grasshoppers in Southeast (SE) Asia. The taxonomy of the group was unclear in the past, so this study brings a taxonomic and biographical review of the genus Discotettix Costa, 1864. New terminology of the pronotal projections is proposed for Scelimeninae. All valid species hitherto included in the genus are redescribed; a new genus is established for Discotettix shelfordi Hancock, 1907, Disconius Skejo, Pushkar et Tumbrinck gen. n., so a new combination is established for the species (Disconius shelfordi comb. n.). New synonymy is established: Discotettix selysi Bolívar, 1887 = Discotettix selangori Mahmood, Idris et Salmah, 2007 syn. n. Three new species are described and a key to Discotettix species is provided. The genus now includes seven species (1) Discotettix aruanus Skejo, Pushkar et Tumbrinck sp. n. from Aru; (2) D. belzebuth (Serville, 1838) from Borneo; (3) D. doriae Bolívar, 1898 stat. resurr. from the Mentawai islands; (4) D. kirscheyi Skejo, Pushkar, Tumbrinck et Tan sp. n. from Northeast (NE) Borneo; (5) D. scabridus (Stål, 1877) endemic to Mindanao and Samar; (6) D. selysi Bolívar, 1887 from Sumatra and peninsular Malaysia; (7) D. sumatrensis Skejo, Pushkar et Tumbrinck sp. n. endemic to southern Sumatra. Moreover, Discotettix is again subdivided into two subgenera: Mnesarchus Stål, 1877 stat. resurr. (D. scabridus) and nominotypical one (other species). Widened antennal segments are the only character common to all Discotettiginae genera, but this trait does not have great taxonomic importance, as it is homoplastic, meaning that it appeared in distant Tetrigidae groups independently. Discotettix is herewith transferred to the subfamily Scelimeninae and accordingly, the subfamily Discotettiginae Hancock, 1907 syn. n. becomes a junior synonym of the subfamily Scelimeninae Bolívar, 1887. The tribe Discotettigini stat. resurr., on the other hand, gathers corticolous genera of the Scelimeninae (Austrohancockia Günther, 1938, Bidentatettix Zheng, 1992, Disconius gen. n. Discotettix, Eufalconius Günther, 1938, Gibbotettix Zheng, 1992, Paragavialidium Zheng, 1994, Gavialidium Saussure, 1862, and Tegotettix Hancock, 1913), while the tribe Scelimenini becomes restricted to amphibious taxa. All taxa are described and amply depicted with both museum specimens and in situ photographs. An identification key is provided. The morphology and function of widened antennae in Discotettigini are discussed.

A Bibliometric Study of Scientific Productivity on Adaptive Behavior in Children and Adolescents with Autism

The objectives of this study were to characterize the bibliometric indicators of scientific productivity on adaptive behavior (AB) in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) during the year 2021. The PubMed database was used to summarize information from quantitative scientific articles (cross-sectional, longitudinal and experimental) and reviews (bibliographic, systematic review and meta-analysis). The data collected for each of the articles were: year of publication, journal name, country, language of publication and type of published document (cross-sectional study, longitudinal, experimental, biographical review, systematic review and meta-analysis). The United States (USA) published more articles than any other country in the world (n = 28), followed by Italy with 13 studies, China and Spain with six studies. A total of 44 scientific journals were identified that have published a total of 89 scientific articles related to AB in children and adolescents with ASD. Regarding the type of published paper, 63 quantitative studies were identified (cross-sectional studies, 9 longitudinal studies, 15 experimental studies). In addition, 14 literature reviews, 9 systematic reviews, and 3 systematic reviews/meta-analyses were identified. These results suggest practitioners and researchers to address and decide where to read and publish scientific articles related to AB in youth with ASD

Demystifying the mythical Mendel: a biographical review.

Gregor Mendel is widely recognised as the founder of genetics. His experiments led him to devise an enduring theory, often distilled into what are now known as the principles of segregation and independent assortment. Although he clearly articulated these principles, his theory is considerably richer, encompassing the nature of fertilisation, the role of hybridisation in evolution, and aspects often considered as exceptions or extensions, such as pleiotropy, incomplete dominance, and epistasis. In an admirable attempt to formulate a more expansive theory, he researched hybridisation in at least twenty plant genera, intentionally choosing some species whose inheritance he knew would deviate from the patterns he observed in the garden pea (Pisum sativum). Regrettably, he published the results of only a few of these additional experiments; evidence of them is largely confined to letters he wrote to Carl von Nägeli. Because most original documentation is lost or destroyed, scholars have attempted to reconstruct his history and achievements from fragmentary evidence, a situation that has led to unfortunate omissions, errors, and speculations. These range from historical uncertainties, such as what motivated his experiments, to unfounded suppositions regarding his discoveries, including assertions that he never articulated the principles ascribed to him, staunchly opposed Darwinism, fictitiously recounted experiments, and falsified data to better accord with his theory. In this review, I have integrated historical and scientific evidence within a biographical framework to dispel misconceptions and provide a clearer and more complete view of who Mendel was and what he accomplished.

Sergio Archangelsky (1931-2022): reseña biográfica y su contribución al conocimiento de las comunidades vegetales del Cretácico Inferior de Patagonia Austral

Sergio Archangelsky (1931-2022): reseña biográfica y su contribución al conocimiento de las comunidades vegetales del Cretácico Inferior de Patagonia Austral

De la espada a la pluma: nuevos datos para la biografía del poeta y dramaturgo José de Cañizares (1694-1750)

This work presents, through its study and annotated edition, the documents relating to José de Cañizares kept in the Archives of the Parish of San Martín in Madrid and in the General Archive of the Royal Palace. These documents present the reasons that led the poet and playwright from Madrid to abandon his military career in 1694 and, by providing information on the beginnings of his work as a writer of sacred poetry for the Crown, shed light on a key moment in his life, thus allowing for a significant biographical review. On the other hand, they represent a valuable source of information for the study of the administration of one of the main palatine institutions, the Royal Chapel, as well as offering keys to understanding the shaping of the literary and artistic fields of the court. They also show the evolution of the status of the author and his progressive professionalisation during the moving, fascinating and decisive period of transition between the Baroque and the Enlightenment.

The Name ‘Palestine’ in Classical Greek Texts

This article provides a contextualised exposition of classical Greek texts, in chronological order, from Herodotus to Eusebius of Caesarea (5th century BC-4th century AD), with brief biographical reviews and in which the name ‘Palestine’ appears. A Latin text by Pomponius Mela is also included for its reference to Gaza which, with the exception of the Septuagint texts, predates Arrian, Arrian of Nicomedia, a Greek historian of the Roman period, by nearly a century. The selection of classical texts explored in this article is not intended to be exhaustive; however, the exploration of these texts in connection with Palestine has never been attempted before. While avoiding historical, philosophical or literary criticism of these texts, this article focuses on the specific considerations of the name ‘Palestine’ in the classical literature.

From military hero to martyr: crafting singularity and the formation of Muslim collective subjectivity in an Iranian statist ritual

Abstract The staging of the funeral procession of Major General Qasem Soleimani (d. 3 January 2020) strengthened the Iranian state’s legitimation amidst the crisis related to intensified US sanctions. Images of his funeral parade across the country with its dense mourning crowd were circulated widely and commented on in both Iran’s official media and the international media. In response to these images, media commentaries engaged obsessively and exclusively with the biographical reviews that emphasised his heroic individuality and charismatic figure. This article engages critically with these reactions, while asking instead what his funeral tells us about the unfolding of the statist cult in Iran. I analyse two ethnographic scenes, one showing the entanglement of the official discourse of martyrdom with the statist culture, and the other, how the atmosphere of grief and veneration during the martyrs’ funeral processions unsettle the dichotomies between compliance and resistance, orchestrated and emergent affects. These observations open a new vista on the mutual processes of singularity and the collective subjectivation that goes beyond one-sided causal explanations of heroic individuality on the one hand and blatantly dramatised expressions of the state’s religious policies on the other.

A biographical review of the research and impacts of Marco Duran

A biographical review of the research and impacts of Marco Duran

Carl Ferdinand von Arlt. One of the famous ophthalmologists of the 19thcentury-his life in Vienna.

Ferdinand von Arlt (1812-1887) was one of the greatest ophthalmologists of the 19thcentury. From 1856 to 1883 he was the head of the First University Eye Clinic in Vienna. The aim of this paper is to show the places where he lived during his working life in Vienna, because it has not been written about so far. The article is based on an analysis of the data from Viennese address books of that time, the archives of the University of Vienna, medico-historical books, scientific articles, and internet sources. During his life in Vienna, Ferdinand von Arlt changed his residential address four times. He lived at Glacis, in Wickenburggasse, Mölkerbastei, and Bellariastrasse. He also had acountry house not far from Vienna in Pötzleinsdorf. The paper describes in detail the places in Vienna where he lived and the eye clinic at which he worked. Abrief biographical review of von Arlt and his family is also given. Ferdinand von Arlt was an important representative of the Vienna School of Ophthalmology. The places where he stayed in Vienna were close to the eye clinic. The buildings in which he lived were in representative areas in the city of Vienna. Ultimately he had alarge modern apartment, as his family grew over time and with him lived his wife, brother, son, and daughter with their families. This work is acontribution to his rich biography and awish that the places where he lived Vienna not be forgotten.

CIRCULAR LETTER OF THE PROTO-HEGUMEN VASYL ROGOVSKY (12.11.1788)

Summary. The purpose of this study is to analyze the information content of the circular, highlighting the main thematic parts. Research methodology is based on the use of analytical and synthetic critique of the sources. To establish the objectivity of information, in the absence of the original letter, its information in comparison with other handwritten copies and old printed copies which we found. The scientific novelty is that Proto-hegumen Vasyl Rogovskyj’s circular has been introduced into wide circulation for the first time. Conclusions. The author determines the circumstances (holding of the Zhydychyn General and Provincial Chapters) and the purpose (informing about innovations in the Basilian legislation) of writing a district letter and presents a biographical review of the authors of the correspondence (Proto-hegumen Vasyl Rogovsky, Provincial Secretary Adrian Shubovych). The structural thematic points of the letter are analyzed: definition of provincial taxes; material support of student monks; sale of things of the dead monasticism; regulation of funeral services; focus on the exemplary behavior of the leaders of the Order; increase in payments for monks-teachers; setting requirements for preachers; preservation of unanimity in liturgical rites; involvement of the studio houses of the Order for diocesan needs; reduction of religious duties; streamlining of financial and property documentation; overcoming obstacles to spiritual growth; on obedience and respect for the authority of the Order and the Church. The importance of the content of the letter is evidenced by the fact that its copy was included in the input documentation of the act books of the Lubar Monastery Chancellery.

Perjalanan Karir Kesenimanan Siti Chairani Proehoeman Sebagai Penyanyi Soprano (Sebuah Biografi)

This research, is the career journey of Siti Chairani Proehoeman as a soprano who has taken part in various countries, and is a great teacher who is a role model for every student who specializes in studying in the field of sound art. Siti Chairani Prohoeman is an Indonesian citizen who is very influential in Malaysia, he created a movement about vocals in Malaysia, great enthusiasm Siti Chairani Proehoeman has made vocals a culture for Malaysia. The names of the countries that Siti Chairani Proehoeman often performed at concerts, operas and recitals are in Italy, Germany, the Netherlands, France, Finland, USA, Japan, South Korea, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia. Siti Chairani Proehoeman already has several serial albums and her professional career is a Classical / Opera singer (Soprano). The factors of Siti Chairani Proehoeman became a famous soprano in various countries, namely family background, habits, environment and education. This study discusses Siti Chairani Proehoeman's career as a soprano in a biographical form. In this case the history of Siti Chairani Proehoeman's career as a soprano based on data, sources, informants and all matters relating to the life history of an artist. This research method, analytic description, case study, observer participation. The results showed that, in the practice of Siti Chairani Proehoeman's life based on a musicalological perspective and assisted through historical and biographical reviews, Siti Chairani Proehoeman's position was a famous soprano.

Biographical review of Ibn Rushd (Averroes) - A physician of 12th CE.

In the Islamic Golden Age, medicine flourished by the practice of Persian, Arab and Greek physicians (9th to 13th century AD). Ibn rushd (1126-1198 AD) was renowned physician in that period, influenced the progress of medicine by his writings. He was the stalwart of medical sciences and owner of many writings in various fields of science. One of his writings in medicine was "Al- Kulliyat fi Al-Tibb" (Colliget or "Generalities on Medicine"). Many of his writings were studied in every part of globe. Now a day it is need of hour to generalize his knowledge for further researches. In this paper it is trying to compile his historical aspect of life as well as writings.

The clergy of the parish of the village in Bronycja (1828–1944): biographical review

The clergy of the parish of the village in Bronycja (1828–1944): biographical review

RODARI Y CEBOLLÍN: HÉROES DE UNA REVOLUCIÓN

El presente artículo expone una brevísima reseña biográfica de la juventud del autor italiano Gianni Rodari. Se hace énfasis en los datos que forjaron su labor como escritor para niños y en aquellos que guiaron sus intereses políticos: su vida durante las dos décadas de concierto fascista en Italia, su militancia en el Partido Comunista italiano, su labor como periodista y dirigente tanto de publicaciones como de grupos juveniles y, finalmente, los hechos que lo llevaron a escribir para niños. Para esto, se han tenido en cuenta las circunstancias biográficas que lo formaron como persona y las que, de cualquier manera, influyeron en la formación de su pensamiento y en sus elecciones profesionales. Por último, se habla de su primera obra La novela de Cebollín (1951) como condensación de la posible visión política y social de Rodari en esta primera etapa de vida profesional.

Notas introductorias a la obra de Ricardo Falla.

Estas notas de investigación sobre la obra de Ricardo Falla surgieron de las ponencias, las discusiones y el intercambio con el autor durante el Foro del Pensamiento Centroamericano realizado en octubre de 2019 en el CIMSUR-UNAM. En estas páginas elaboramos, como primer punto, un bosquejo biográfico de Falla, y después desarrollamos algunas líneas que sintetizan los temas abordados: la pertinencia de su obra para el estudio de la historia, la reflexividad etnográfica de y en torno a Falla y, finalmente, la liminalidad en búsqueda de lo humano.

A Memorial Tribute to Professor Constantin Corduneanu, The Outstanding Mathematician

Abstract This paper contains the biographical sketch and reviews scientific contributions of Professor Constantin Corduneanu, an outstanding researcher in stability and control theory, and oscillations.

THE ‘FATHERS OF THE SOVIET PEDIATRICS’: YU.F. DOMBROVSKAYA AND A.F. TUR

This article, dedicated to the 90th anniversary of the Society of Children’s Doctors of Russia, presents short biographical reviews of the most prominent Russian pediatricians: Yu.F. Dombrovskaya (1891-1976) and A.F. Tur (1894-1974), the academicians of the Academy of Medical Science of the USSR, Honoured scientists of the Russian Federation, laureates of the Lenin Prize in 1970. Their high professionalism and achievements in scientific and clinical pediatrics, exceptional personalities and their special style of communication with colleagues, pediatric patients and their parents were reasons for these pediatricians gained the highest respect in medical circles. Both of them took part in all congresses of pediatricians that were held in their lifetime and presented major papers at most of them. A.F. Tur was elected the president of the Society of Children’s Doctors of the Russian Federation in 1957, and Yu.F. Dombrovskaya was elected the president of the Board of the Society of Children’s Doctors of the USSR in 1962. Under the chairmanship of Yu.F. Dombrovskaya there were held three congresses of the Society of Children’s Doctors of the USSR, A.F. Tur was elected the chairman at four congresses of the Society of Children’s Doctors of the Russian Federation. Between the congresses, a number of conferences and meetings were held (pan-Soviet-Union, pan-Russian-Federation, regional, municipal). The activities of both Societies of Children’s Doctors - of the USSR and the Russian Federation - have contributed a lot to the improvement of qualifications of pediatricians, clinical and prophylactic activities, specific medical aid to children, using a wide range of new technologies in theory and practice of pediatrics, positive changes in health indexes of children.