Biodegradation Of Phenol In Wastewater Research Articles

Biodegradation of Phenol Using Immobilized Nocardia hydrocarbonoxydans in a Pulsed Plate Bioreactor: Effect of Packed Stages, Cell Carrier Loading, and Cell Acclimatization on Startup and Steady-State Behavior

ABSTRACT The effect of the number of stages and cell carrier loading on the steady-state and startup performance of a continuous pulsed plate bioreactor with glass beads as the cell carrier material for biodegradation of phenol in wastewater using immobilized Nocardia hydrocarbonoxydans has been studied. It was found that the performance of the pulsed plate bioreactor during startup and at steady state can be improved by an increase in cell carrier loading, number of stages, total plate stack height, and with a decrease in plate spacing. The startup time for the continuous bioreactor can be decreased by increasing the number of preacclimatization steps for the cells. The attainment of steady effluent phenol concentration can be considered as an indication of steady state of the continuous bioreactor, as when phenol concentration attained a steady value, biofilm thickness, and the attached biomass dry weight also attained a constant value.

Kinetics of the biodegradation of phenol in wastewaters from the chemical industry by covalently immobilized Trichosporon cutaneum cells

A simple method for the preparation of the biocatalyst with whole cells is presented, and the applicability of the technique for biodegradation of phenol in wastewater from the chemical industries using the basidomycetes yeast Trichosporon cutaneum is explored. Kinetic studies of the influence of other compounds contained in wastewater as naphthalene, benzene, toluene and pyridine indicate that apart from oil fraction, which is removed, the phenol concentration is the only major factor limiting the growth of immobilized cells. Mathematical models are applied to describe the kinetic behavior of immobilized yeast cells. From the analysis of the experimental curves was shown that the obtained values for the apparent rate parameters vary depending on the substrate concentration (mu(maxapp) from 0.35 to 0.09 h(-1) and K (sapp) from 0.037 to 0.4 g dm(-3)). The inhibitory effect of the phenol on the obtained yield coefficients was investigated too. It has been shown that covalent immobilization of T. cutaneum whole cells to plastic carrier beads is possible, and that cell viability and phenol degrading activity are maintained after the chemical modification of cell walls during the binding procedure. The results obtained indicate a possible future application of immobilized T. cutaneum for destroying phenol in industrial wastewaters.

Biodegradation of phenol in wastewater by immobilised mutant strain ofPseudomonas pictorum

Abstract Immobilisation of bacteria in carrier materials provides the bacterial cells, the capacity to resist fluctuating dissolved organic load during its removal from wastewater. In this study, mutant strain of Pseudomonas pictorum (MU 174) was immobilised in ricebran based activated carbon at a rate of 22.4×104 cells per gram under the conditions of temperature and pH of 30°C and 7.0 respectively. Percentage degradation of phenol in nutrient medium and sewage medium by free MU 174 was 99% in 12 hours, for phenol concentration of 500 mg/l under batch conditions. In the above media the percentage degradation of immobilised MU 174 was found to be 99.9% in 12 hours and 6 hours respectively for phenol concentration of 500 mg/l. A study on continuous treatment of phenol in sewage medium by ricebran based activated carbon containing immobilised MU 174 packed in a column indicated that the percentage removal of phenol was greater than 99% at a Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of 24 hours. The percentage removal ...

A Polymeric Membrane Reactor for Biodegradation of Phenol in Wastewater

Microorganisms from activated sludge were immobilized by at tachment to microporous plastic sheets [MPS™]. Biodegradation of phenol was accomplished by pumping a phenol solution through a reactor containing microorganisms attached to the MPS™ sheet. Biodegradation was the pri mary removal mechanism, with only 5% removal by abiotic means. Experi ments were conducted in batch recirculation flow and continuous flow con figurations. In batch mode biodegradation rates showed a strong dependency on recirculation flow rates. In continuous mode, a residence time of 1.4 hours was needed for 50% conversion at steady state. Consumption of phenol and dis solved oxygen showed parallel trends throughout the experiments.