Bioavailability Of Vanadium Research Articles

Effect of humin modified by Fe(NO3)3/FeSO4 on the bioavailability of vanadium in Panzhihua mining: characteristics and mechanisms

Effect of humin modified by Fe(NO3)3/FeSO4 on the bioavailability of vanadium in Panzhihua mining: characteristics and mechanisms

The evolving redox chemistry and bioavailability of vanadium in deep time.

The incorporation of metal cofactors into protein active sites and/or active regions expanded the network of microbial metabolism during the Archean eon. The bioavailability of crucial metal cofactors is largely influenced by earth surface redox state, which impacted the timing of metabolic evolution. Vanadium (V) is a unique element in geo-bio-coevolution due to its complex redox chemistry and specific biological functions. Thus, the extent of microbial V utilization potentially represents an important link between the geo- and biospheres in deep time. In this study, we used geochemical modeling and network analysis to investigate the availability and chemical speciation of V in the environment, and the emergence and changing chemistry of V-containing minerals throughout earth history. The redox state of V shifted from a more reduced V(III) state in Archean aqueous geochemistry and mineralogy to more oxidized V(IV) and V(V) states in the Proterozoic and Phanerozoic. The weathering of vanadium sulfides, vanadium alkali metal minerals, and vanadium alkaline earth metal minerals were potential sources of V to the environment and microbial utilization. Community detection analysis of the expanding V mineral network indicates tectonic and redox influence on the distribution of V mineral-forming elements. In reducing environments, energetic drivers existed for V to potentially be involved in early nitrogen fixation, while in oxidizing environments vanadate ( ) could have acted as a metabolic electron acceptor and phosphate mimicking enzyme inhibitor. The coevolving chemical speciation and biological functions of V due to earth's changing surface redox conditions demonstrate the crucial links between the geosphere and biosphere in the evolution of metabolic electron transfer pathways and biogeochemical cycles from the Archean to Phanerozoic.

Evaluate the Potential Bioavailability of Vanadium in Soil and Vanadium Titano-magnetite Tailing in A Mining Area Using BCR Sequential and Single Extraction: A Case Study in Panzhihua, China

ABSTRACT Vanadium (V) is a widely distributed and potentially dangerous pollutant in soils. However, the extraction methods for bioavailability of V in soils have not been unified. This study focused on the assessment of BCR sequential and single extraction (8 extractants) methods to predict potential bioavailability of V in the tailing and soils. The total V concentration in the soil samples was 167.43 ± 14.92 mg·kg–1, and the total V concentration was 239.93 mg·kg–1 in the tailing. The available V (acid-soluble, reducible, and oxidizable phases) percentage extracted by BCR sequential extraction was low, which was 0.19–0.82%, 0.27–5.78% and 4.37–10.5% in the soils, respectively. Meanwhile, the content of V fractions in the tailing was 0.56% (acid soluble), 1.22% (reducible) and 4.37% (oxidizable). The residual fraction of V was a predominant ingredient in the soils (83.3–93.9%) and tailing (93.9%). Compared with the soil samples, the tailing sample extracted by single extractants has a lower available V content, which was 2.3% (DCB), 1.32% (HCl), 1.66% (HNO3) and 0.22% (C6H8O7) lower than the available V content in the soil samples, respectively. Furthermore, the correlation between soil properties and available V contents also discussed in this study. The V extracted by DPTA and C6H8O7 exhibited good correlation with the total V content and potential bioavailability of V extracted by BCR in the soils, suggesting that DPTA and C6H8O7 single extraction method might be an alternative to BCR sequential extraction to extract bioavailability of V in the soils. In addition, the potential ecological risks of V can not be ignored in this study area.

Evaluating vanadium bioavailability to cabbage in rural soils using geochemical and micro-spectroscopic techniques

Assessing the vanadium (V) fractionation and speciation to predict its bioavailability using a combined approach of geochemical extractions and micro-spectroscopic techniques is still not well studied. Therefore, we aimed to determine the bioavailability of V in rural soils using single extractants, sequential extraction procedure, and the X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. We collected and characterized ninety four samples originated from horizons of seventeen soil profiles in Taiwan. We determined the total content of V and its geochemical fractions using the BCR sequential extraction procedure to predict its potential mobility. We also assessed the bioavailability of V in the soils using four availability indices i.e., CaCl2, HCl, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and NaHCO3 and related them to its uptake by Chinese cabbage (Brassica chinensis L.). Additionally, we determined the V speciation by vanadium K-edge XANES spectra. Moreover, we studied the elemental compositions of the soils using Electron Probe Micro Analysis (EPMA). Vanadium was mainly distributed in the residual fraction (81–98% of total V). Among the potential mobile fractions, V was mainly associated with Fe oxides, as identified by the BCR sequential extraction and EMPA. The XANES analysis indicated that V mainly existed in the soils as V(IV) and V(V). The EDTA and NaHCO3 extracted more V than CaCl2 and HCl, and both, particularly NaHCO3 were positively and significantly correlated with the total soil content and plant shoot concentrations of V; therefore NaHCO3 might be recommended as a bioavailability index for soil V. We hypothesize that the NaHCO3 may extract vanadate from soil surfaces and also vanadate transformed from vanadyl at alkaline pH during the extraction. The NaHCO3-extracted V can be predicted by a function of soil total V, CEC, and pH. Our results should be verified using different soils and plants in the future.

How a Taxonomically-Ambiguous Cyanobiont and Vanadate Assist in the Phytoremediation of Cadmium by Azolla pinnata: Implications for CKDu

We employed scientific tools to investigate the ex situ phytoremediation of cadmium by Azolla pinnata. Azolla pinnata was capable of efficient sequestration of cadmium up to a concentration of 1 ppm, though with a visibly high “physiological cost”. The sequestration of cadmium (1 ppm) was strongly reduced after 24 hours, in Azolla plants pre-treated with the gram-negative antibiotic erythromycin (60 µg/l), suggesting that the cyanobacterial population was important for phytoremediation. Only the co-treatment of 1 ppm cadmium with 1 ppm vanadate, showed significantly higher phytoremediation (P<0.05) compared to the “cadmium+erythromycin” treatment. The phytoremediation of Cadmium by the Azolla-Nostoc symbiosis was significantly (p<0.05) improved by the addition of citrate at 10 ppm in the presence of 1 ppm vanadate, compared to the 1 ppm cadmium only treatment. We hypothesize that citrate acting either as “vanadophores” or working as a cofactor in the Homocitrate Synthase enzyme, facilitates remediation of cadmium. When phylogeny was inferred using Homocitrate Synthases, the cyanobiont was approximated to a taxonomical twilight zone between Nostoc and Anabaena, although showing more proximity to the Anabaena cluster. It is proposed here that the cyanobacterial contribution appears to be crucial for the ability of Azolla pinnata to efficiently remediate cadmium and a “helping hand” appears to be provided by a vanadate dependent mechanism, which is likely to be nitrogen fixation. The association between vanadate-assisted phytoremediation by Azolla pinnata and the heightened bioavailability of vanadium in CKDu endemic areas, could serve as a vital stepping stone in developing a biological solution to CKDu.

Vanadate complexation to ferrihydrite: X-ray absorption spectroscopy and CD-MUSIC modelling

Environmental contextVanadium, a metal pollutant from fossil fuels and slags, may be toxic, thereby necessitating an understanding of its environmental chemistry. One important factor that controls the mobility and bioavailability of vanadium is its binding to iron oxides. This study focuses on the characterization and modelling of vanadium adsorption onto ferrihydrite. The new model can be used to simulate the transport and bioavailability of vanadium in the environment. AbstractThe mobility of vanadium in the environment is influenced by sorption to metal (hydr)oxides, especially those containing iron. The aim of this study is to understand the adsorption behaviour of vanadium on poorly ordered (two-line) ferrihydrite (Fh). A further objective was to determine the binding mechanism of vanadate(V) to ferrihydrite surfaces in aqueous suspension to constrain the CD-MUSIC surface complexation model. Vanadium adsorption to ferrihydrite was evaluated by batch experiments which included series with different Fh-to-V ratios and pH values. Vanadate(V) adsorption was also evaluated in the presence of phosphate to compete with vanadate(V) for the available surface sites on ferrihydrite. In agreement with earlier studies, vanadate(V) was strongly adsorbed to ferrihydrite and the adsorption increased with decreasing pH. In the presence of phosphate, less vanadate(V) was adsorbed. Analysis by X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy revealed that the adsorbed vanadium was tetrahedral vanadate(V), VO4, regardless of whether vanadate(V) or vanadyl(IV) was added to the system. Spectra collected by extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy showed that vanadate(V) is bound primarily as an edge-sharing bidentate complex with V⋯Fe distances around 2.8Å. Based on this information, a surface complexation model was set up in which three bidentate vanadate(V) complexes with different degrees of protonation were included. The model provided a satisfactory description of vanadate(V) adsorption over most of the pH and concentration ranges studied, also in the presence of competing phosphate ions.

Impact of soil pH and organic matter on the chemical bioavailability of vanadium species: The underlying basis for risk assessment

The main objective of this study was to unravel the chemical reactions and processes dictating the potential bioavailability of vanadium (V). In environmental solutions V exists in two stable oxidation states, +IV and +V, of which + V is considered to be more toxic. In this study, the effect of speciation and soil pH on the chemical accessibility of V was investigated with two soils: 1) field soil rather rich in soil organic matter (SOM) and 2) coarse mineral soil low in SOM. Fresh soil samples treated with V(+V) (added as NaVO3) or V(+IV) (added as VOSO4) (pH adjusted to the range 4.0–6.9) were incubated for 3 months at 22 °C. The adsorption tendency of V species was explored by water extraction (Milli-Q water, 1:50 dw/V) and by sequential extraction (0.25 M KCl; 0.1 M KH2/K2HPO4; 0.1 M NaOH; 0.25 M H2SO4, 1:10 dw/V). The potential bioavailability of V was found to be dictated by soil properties. SOM reduced V(+V) to V(+IV) and acted as a sorbent for both species, which lowered the bioaccessibility of V. A high pH, in turn, favored the predominance of the V(+V) species and thus increased the chemical accessibility of V.

Vanadium bioavailability in soils amended with blast furnace slag

Blast furnace (BF) slags are commonly applied as soil amendments and in road fill material. In Sweden they are also naturally high in vanadium. The aim of this study was to assess the vanadium bioavailability in BF slags when applied to soil. Two soils were amended with up to 29% BF slag (containing 800mgVkg−1) and equilibrated outdoors for 10 months before conducting a barley shoot growth assay. Additional soil samples were spiked with dissolved vanadate(V) for which assays were conducted two weeks (freshly spiked) and 10 months (aged) after spiking. The BF slag vanadium was dominated by vanadium(III) as shown by V K-edge XANES spectroscopy. In contrast, results obtained by HPLC-ICP-MS showed that vanadium(V), the most toxic vanadium species, was predominant in the soil solution. Barley shoot growth was not affected by the BF slag additions. This was likely due to limited dissolution of vanadium from the BF slag, preventing an increase of dissolved vanadium above toxic thresholds. The difference in vanadium bioavailability among treatments was explained by the vanadium concentration in the soil solution. It was concluded that the vanadium in BF slag is sparingly available. These findings should be of importance in environmental risk assessment.

Vanadium bioavailability and toxicity to soil microorganisms and plants

Vanadium, V, is a redox-sensitive metal that in solution, under aerobic conditions, prevails as the oxyanion vanadate(V). There is little known regarding vanadium toxicity to soil biota, and the present study was set up to determine the toxicity of added vanadate to soil organisms and to investigate the relationship between toxicity and vanadium sorption in soils. Five soils with contrasting properties were spiked with 7 different doses (3.2-3200 mg V kg(-1)) of dissolved vanadate, and toxicity was measured with 2 microbial and 3 plant assays. The median effective concentration (EC50) thresholds of the microbial assays ranged from 28 mg added V kg(-1) to 690 mg added V kg(-1), and the EC50s in the plant assays ranged from 18 mg added V kg(-1) to 510 mg added V kg(-1). The lower thresholds were in the concentration range of the background vanadium in the untreated control soils (15-58 mg V kg(-1)). The vanadium toxicity to plants decreased with a stronger soil vanadium sorption strength. The EC50 values for plants expressed on a soil solution basis ranged from 0.8 mg V L(-1) to 15 mg V L(-1) and were less variable among soils than corresponding values based on total vanadium in soil. It is concluded that sorption decreases the toxicity of added vanadate and that soil solution vanadium is a more robust measure to determine critical vanadium concentrations across soils.

Comparison of bioavailable vanadium in alfalfa rhizosphere soil extracted by an improved BCR procedure and EDTA, HCl, and NaNO3 single extractions in a pot experiment with V–Cd treatments

The BCR sequential extraction procedure was compared with EDTA, HCl, and NaNO3 single extractions for evaluating vanadium bioavailability in alfalfa rhizosphere soil. The amounts of vanadium extracted by these methods were in the following order: BCR (bioavailable V) > EDTA ≈ HCl > NaNO3. Both correlation analysis and stepwise regression were adopted to illustrate the extractable vanadium between different reagents. The correlation coefficients between extracted vanadium and the vanadium contents in alfalfa roots were R NaNO3 = 0.948, R HCl = 0.902, R EDTA = 0.816, and R bioavailable V = 0.819. The stepwise multiple regression equation of the NaNO3 extraction was the most significant at a 95 % confidence interval. The influence of pH, total organic carbon, and cadmium content of soil to vanadium bioavailability were not definite. In summary, both the BCR sequential extraction and the single extraction methods were valid approaches for predicting vanadium bioavailability in alfalfa rhizosphere soil, especially the single extractions.

Bioavailability of Vanadium in Alfalfa in V-Cd Contaminated Soil

A greenhouse experiment was performed to investigate the vanadium bioavailability of alfalfa grown in vanadium-cadmium contaminated soil. The results show bioavailable and total vanadium concentration in rhizosphere soil is higher than it in non-rhizosphere soil. With increasing vanadium addition, its speciation in soil is transformed to AC, RE, and OX fraction, especially to RE fraction. Alfalfa has high vanadium accumulation (up to 1221.86 mg/kg), and 70% of root samples belonged to strong absorption to vanadium. Both bioavailable and total vanadium in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil have direct correlation with its content in alfalfa root. The increasing cadmium addition may inhibit vanadium absorption in alfalfa roots.

Bioavailability of Vanadium Extracted by EDTA, HCl, HOAC, and NaNO3 in Topsoil in the Panzhihua Urban Park, Located in Southwest China

Bioavailable vanadium was evaluated on the basis of soil vanadium single-extraction with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), hydrochloric acid (HCl), acetic acid (HOAc), and sodium nitrate (NaNO(3)) in Panzhihua urban park. The soil vanadium concentration extracted by HOAc was 0.01-2.07mgkg(-1), by EDTA 0.28-7.03mgkg(-1), by NaNO(3) 0.07-0.53mgkg(-1), and by HCl 0.19-1.36mgkg(-1). The bioavailable vanadium (bioavailable fraction) obtained with HOAc was 0.01-1.33%, with EDTA 0.27-4.09%, with NaNO(3) 0.13-0.72%, and with HCl 0.06-0.28%. In addition, the impact of soil properties, soil nutrients, and soil enzyme activities on bioavailability of vanadium is discussed in this study. Based on the characteristics of bioavailable vanadium in the soil, ecological and health risks should have been given more attention in the studied area.

Assessment of the safety of vanadium‐enriched yeasts added for nutritional purposes as a source of vanadium in food supplements and the bioavailability of vanadium from vanadium‐enriched yeasts

EFSA JournalVolume 7, Issue 6 1084 StatementOpen Access Assessment of the safety of vanadium-enriched yeasts added for nutritional purposes as a source of vanadium in food supplements and the bioavailability of vanadium from vanadium-enriched yeasts European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)Search for more papers by this author European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)Search for more papers by this author First published: 03 June 2009 https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2009.1084Citations: 2 Panel members: F. Aguilar, U.R. Charrondiere, B. Dusemund, P. Galtier, J. Gilbert, D.M. Gott, S. Grilli, R. Guertler, G.E.N. Kass, J. Köenig, C. Lambré, J-C. Larsen, J-C. Leblanc, A. Mortensen, D. Parent-Massin, I. Pratt, I.M.C.M. Rietjens, I. Stankovic, P. Tobback, T. Verguieva, R.A. Woutersen. Acknowledgement: The European Food Safety Authority wishes to thank the members of the Working Group A on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources for the preparation of this opinion: F. Aguilar, N Bemrah, P. Galtier, J. Gilbert, S. Grilli, R. Guertler, G.E.N. Kass, C. Lambré, J.C. Larsen, J-C. Leblanc, A. Mortensen, I. Pratt, I. Stankovic. Adoption date: 13 May 2009 Published date: 3 June 2009 Question number: EFSA-Q-2005-171, EFSA-Q-2005-190 AboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat References EFSA (European Food Safety Authority), 2004. Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies on a request from the Commission related to the Tolerable Upper Intake Level of Vanadium. The EFSA Journal (2004) 33, 1– 22. EFSA (European Food Safety Authority), 2008. Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Biological Hazards on the maintenance of the list of QPS microorganisms intentionally added to food or feed. The EFSA Journal (2008) 923, 1– 48. Citing Literature Volume7, Issue6June 20091084 ReferencesRelatedInformation

Influence of chelation and oxidation state on vanadium bioavailability, and their effects on tissue concentrations of zinc, copper, and iron.

Today, vanadium compounds are frequently included in nutritional supplements and are also being developed for therapeutic use in diabetes mellitus. Previously, tissue uptake of vanadium from bis(maltolato)oxovanadium(IV) (BMOV) was shown to be increased compared to its uptake from vanadyl sulfate (VS). Our primary objective was to test the hypothesis that complexation increases vanadium uptake and that this effect is independent of oxidation state. A secondary objective was to compare the effects of vanadium complexation and oxidation state on tissue iron, copper, and zinc. Wistar rats were fed either ammonium metavanadate (AMV), VS, or BMOV (1.2 mM each in the drinking water). Tissue uptake of V following 12 wk of BMOV or AMV was higher than that from VS (p < 0.05). BMOV led to decreased tissue Zn and increased bone Fe content. The same three compounds were compared in a cellular model of absorption (Caco-2 cells). Vanadium uptake from VS was higher than that from BMOV or AMV at 10 min, but from BMOV (250 microM only, 60 min), uptake was far greater than from AMV or VS. These results show that neither complexation nor oxidation state alone are adequate predictors of relative absorption, tissue accumulation, or trace element interactions.

Relationships between iron and vanadium metabolism: The association of vanadium with bovine lactoferrin

Bovine milk was incubated simultaneously with 48VO 2+ and 59Fe 3+ ions. The lactoferrin was separated by ion exchange gel chromatography on CM Sephadex C-50 resin. Sephacryl 200 gel filtration of the lactoferrin-containing fractions, from ion exchange chromatography was carried out to determine the proportions of 48V and 59Fe radioactivities associated with macro-molecules of the size of lactoferrin. It was found that 48V was incorporated into lactoferrin, the milk protein which contains iron. This suggests that lactoferrin may play a role in the bioavailability of vanadium during lactation, as vanadium is an essential element for the growth of some animal species. More generally, the vanadium binding properties of lactoferrin further support previous findings on the possible biochemical role of Fe-containing non hemoproteins in the metabolism of vanadium.