Bio-inspired Optimization Algorithm Research Articles

AI-Driven Precision: Integrating Multiscale Transformer Fusion Network and Bio-Inspired Optimization for CKD Classification

This research paper presents an innovative approach to Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) classification by optimizing a Multiscale Transformer Fusion Network (MS-TFN) using Electric Eel Foraging Optimization (EEFO). A dataset of 1000 instances with 25 features, including patient demographics and health indicators, was preprocessed using categorical encoding and numerical normalization before being split into training and test sets. The MS-TFN integrates transformer blocks for capturing long-range dependencies with depthwise separable convolutional blocks for efficient local feature extraction, allowing for the creation of robust data representations that are processed through dense layers for accurate classification. The EEFO, a bio-inspired optimization algorithm, fine-tunes the learning rate and batch size by balancing exploration and exploitation. This synergy achieved a classification accuracy of 99.9%, demonstrating significant potential for clinical application. However, the study's limitation lies in the generalizability of the results, as the dataset is limited in size and population scope, requiring further validation with more diverse datasets. This work introduces a novel combination of transformer and convolutional blocks in the MS-TFN architecture alongside bio-inspired EEFO, offering a promising tool for early CKD diagnosis and personalized treatment plans in clinical settings.

Bio-Inspired Optimization Algorithm in Machine Learning and Practical Applications

Bio-Inspired Optimization Algorithm in Machine Learning and Practical Applications

Performance Comparison of Bio-Inspired Algorithms for Optimizing an ANN-Based MPPT Forecast for PV Systems.

This study compares bio-inspired optimization algorithms for enhancing an ANN-based Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) forecast system under partial shading conditions in photovoltaic systems. Four algorithms-grey wolf optimizer (GWO), particle swarm optimization (PSO), squirrel search algorithm (SSA), and cuckoo search (CS)-were evaluated, with the dataset augmented by perturbations to simulate shading. The standard ANN performed poorly, with 64 neurons in Layer 1 and 32 in Layer 2 (MSE of 159.9437, MAE of 8.0781). Among the optimized approaches, GWO, with 66 neurons in Layer 1 and 100 in Layer 2, achieved the best prediction accuracy (MSE of 11.9487, MAE of 2.4552) and was computationally efficient (execution time of 1198.99 s). PSO, using 98 neurons in Layer 1 and 100 in Layer 2, minimized MAE (2.1679) but had a slightly longer execution time (1417.80 s). SSA, with the same neuron count as GWO, also performed well (MSE 12.1500, MAE 2.7003) and was the fastest (987.45 s). CS, with 84 neurons in Layer 1 and 74 in Layer 2, was less reliable (MSE 33.7767, MAE 3.8547) and slower (1904.01 s). GWO proved to be the best overall, balancing accuracy and speed. Future real-world applications of this methodology include improving energy efficiency in solar farms under variable weather conditions and optimizing the performance of residential solar panels to reduce energy costs. Further optimization developments could address more complex and larger-scale datasets in real-time, such as integrating renewable energy sources into smart grid systems for better energy distribution.

Bio-Inspired Optimization Algorithm Associated with Reinforcement Learning for Multi-Objective Operating Planning in Radioactive Environment.

This paper aims to solve the multi-objective operating planning problem in the radioactive environment. First, a more complicated radiation dose model is constructed, considering difficulty levels at each operating point. Based on this model, the multi-objective operating planning problem is converted to a variant traveling salesman problem (VTSP). Second, with respect to this issue, a novel combinatorial algorithm framework, namely hyper-parameter adaptive genetic algorithm (HPAGA), integrating bio-inspired optimization with reinforcement learning, is proposed, which allows for adaptive adjustment of the hyperparameters of GA so as to obtain optimal solutions efficiently. Third, comparative studies demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed HPAGA against classical evolutionary algorithms for various TSP instances. Additionally, a case study in the simulated radioactive environment implies the potential application of HPAGA in the future.

Instance reduction algorithm based on elitist min-max ant colony optimization technique

Although the advancement of technology has made data processing quite easier, it is still an enormous task, especially if the volume is large and can affect the learning capability of the classifier. Instance Reduction techniques can be employed on data to attain best results while making a substantial difference in terms of data storage needs, and processing speed. The proposed novel algorithm – Elitist Min-Max Ant Colony based Instance Reduction (ÆIR), can be attributed to the hybridization of bio-inspired optimization algorithms and Machine Learning algorithms for instance reduction. The primary features of ÆIR are the introduction of new hyperparameters such as the elitist ants, the min-max bounding of pheromones, and the incorporation of the length of the reduced set, all which aid in electing better instances for the reduced set. To evaluate the performance of the proposed ÆIR algorithm, 18 benchmark datasets of various dimensions were used alongside 4 different classifiers: Random Forest, Decision Tree, K-Nearest Neighbor and Naïve Bayes. The experiments demonstrated the effectiveness of ÆIR in reducing the size of the instances. On an average, approximately 50 % reduction in the number instances was observed. This can result in an equivalent decline in terms of the storage requirements, while contemporaneously improving the prediction accuracy.

Colon Cancer Disease Diagnosis Based on Convolutional Neural Network and Fishier Mantis Optimizer.

Colon cancer is a prevalent and potentially fatal disease that demands early and accurate diagnosis for effective treatment. Traditional diagnostic approaches for colon cancer often face limitations in accuracy and efficiency, leading to challenges in early detection and treatment. In response to these challenges, this paper introduces an innovative method that leverages artificial intelligence, specifically convolutional neural network (CNN) and Fishier Mantis Optimizer, for the automated detection of colon cancer. The utilization of deep learning techniques, specifically CNN, enables the extraction of intricate features from medical imaging data, providing a robust and efficient diagnostic model. Additionally, the Fishier Mantis Optimizer, a bio-inspired optimization algorithm inspired by the hunting behavior of the mantis shrimp, is employed to fine-tune the parameters of the CNN, enhancing its convergence speed and performance. This hybrid approach aims to address the limitations of traditional diagnostic methods by leveraging the strengths of both deep learning and nature-inspired optimization to enhance the accuracy and effectiveness of colon cancer diagnosis. The proposed method was evaluated on a comprehensive dataset comprising colon cancer images, and the results demonstrate its superiority over traditional diagnostic approaches. The CNN-Fishier Mantis Optimizer model exhibited high sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy in distinguishing between cancer and non-cancer colon tissues. The integration of bio-inspired optimization algorithms with deep learning techniques not only contributes to the advancement of computer-aided diagnostic tools for colon cancer but also holds promise for enhancing the early detection and diagnosis of this disease, thereby facilitating timely intervention and improved patient prognosis. Various CNN designs, such as GoogLeNet and ResNet-50, were employed to capture features associated with colon diseases. However, inaccuracies were introduced in both feature extraction and data classification due to the abundance of features. To address this issue, feature reduction techniques were implemented using Fishier Mantis Optimizer algorithms, outperforming alternative methods such as Genetic Algorithms and simulated annealing. Encouraging results were obtained in the evaluation of diverse metrics, including sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and F1-Score, which were found to be 94.87%, 96.19%, 97.65%, and 96.76%, respectively.

Optimal Deployment of Wireless Sensor Nodes using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Ant Colony Optimization (ACO)

Abstract: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are emerging as a significant area of research due to their potential to autonomously monitor physical and environmental conditions. These networks comprise spatially distributed, low-cost sensor nodes with limited transmission range, processing capabilities, storage, and energy resources. The primary function of these networks is to collect data from various nodes and transmit it to a base station for subsequent processing. WSNs present several challenges, including optimal sensor deployment, node localization, base station placement, target node location, energy-aware clustering, and data aggregation. Recently, global researchers have been employing a bio-inspired optimization algorithm, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), to enhance the efficiency of WSNs. This report explores the application of the PSO algorithm for optimal sensor deployment in WSNs, contributing to the ongoing efforts to maximize the potential of these networks.

Escaping Stagnation through Improved Orca Predator Algorithm with Deep Reinforcement Learning for Feature Selection

Stagnation at local optima represents a significant challenge in bio-inspired optimization algorithms, often leading to suboptimal solutions. This paper addresses this issue by proposing a hybrid model that combines the Orca predator algorithm with deep Q-learning. The Orca predator algorithm is an optimization technique that mimics the hunting behavior of orcas. It solves complex optimization problems by exploring and exploiting search spaces efficiently. Deep Q-learning is a reinforcement learning technique that combines Q-learning with deep neural networks. This integration aims to turn the stagnation problem into an opportunity for more focused and effective exploitation, enhancing the optimization technique’s performance and accuracy. The proposed hybrid model leverages the biomimetic strengths of the Orca predator algorithm to identify promising regions nearby in the search space, complemented by the fine-tuning capabilities of deep Q-learning to navigate these areas precisely. The practical application of this approach is evaluated using the high-dimensional Heartbeat Categorization Dataset, focusing on the feature selection problem. This dataset, comprising complex electrocardiogram signals, provided a robust platform for testing the feature selection capabilities of our hybrid model. Our experimental results are encouraging, showcasing the hybrid strategy’s capability to identify relevant features without significantly compromising the performance metrics of machine learning models. This analysis was performed by comparing the improved method of the Orca predator algorithm against its native version and a set of state-of-the-art algorithms.

Enhancing explainable SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development leveraging bee colony optimised Bi-LSTM, Bi-GRU models and bioinformatic analysis

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a single-stranded RNA virus that caused the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The COVID-19 outbreak has led to millions of deaths and economic losses globally. Vaccination is the most practical solution, but finding epitopes (antigenic peptide regions) in the SARS-CoV-2 proteome is challenging, costly, and time-consuming. Here, we proposed a deep learning method based on standalone Recurrent Neural networks to predict epitopes from SARS-CoV-2 proteins easily. We optimised the standalone Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) and Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit (Bi-GRU) with a bioinspired optimisation algorithm, namely, Bee Colony Optimization (BCO). The study shows that LSTM-based models, particularly BCO-Bi-LSTM, outperform all other models and achieve an accuracy of 0.92 and AUC of 0.944. To overcome the challenge of understanding the model predictions, explainable AI using the Shapely Additive Explanations (SHAP) method was employed to explain how Blackbox models make decisions. Finally, the predicted epitopes led to the development of a multi-epitope vaccine. The multi-epitope vaccine effectiveness evaluation is based on vaccine toxicity, allergic response risk, and antigenic and biochemical characteristics using bioinformatic tools. The developed multi-epitope vaccine is non-toxic and highly antigenic. Codon adaptation, cloning, gel electrophoresis assess genomic sequence, protein composition, expression and purification while docking and IMMSIM servers simulate interactions and immunological response, respectively. These investigations provide a conceptual framework for developing a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.

Optimizing Cybersecurity Attack Detection in Computer Networks: A Comparative Analysis of Bio-Inspired Optimization Algorithms Using the CSE-CIC-IDS 2018 Dataset

In computer network security, the escalating use of computer networks and the corresponding increase in cyberattacks have propelled Intrusion Detection Systems (IDSs) to the forefront of research in computer science. IDSs are a crucial security technology that diligently monitor network traffic and host activities to identify unauthorized or malicious behavior. This study develops highly accurate models for detecting a diverse range of cyberattacks using the fewest possible features, achieved via a meticulous selection of features. We chose 5, 9, and 10 features, respectively, using the Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA), and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) feature-selection techniques. We successfully constructed different models with a remarkable detection accuracy of over 98.8% (approximately 99.0%) with Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), an accuracy of 98.7% with the Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA), and an accuracy of 98.6% with the Artificial Bee Colony (ABC). Another achievement of this study is the minimum model building time achieved in intrusion detection, which was equal to 1 s using the Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA), 2 s using the Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), and 3 s using Ant Colony Optimization (ACO). Our research leverages the comprehensive and up-to-date CSE-CIC-IDS2018 dataset and uses the preprocessing Discretize technique to discretize data. Furthermore, our research provides valuable recommendations to network administrators, aiding them in selecting appropriate machine learning algorithms tailored to specific requirements.

Bio-inspired Optimization Algorithms in Medical Image Segmentation: A Review

Bio-inspired Optimization Algorithms in Medical Image Segmentation: A Review

Bio-inspired optimisation algorithms in medical image segmentation: a review

Bio-inspired optimisation algorithms in medical image segmentation: a review

Enhancing Grid-Connected Microgrid Power Dispatch Efficiency Through Bio-Inspired Optimization Algorithms

Enhancing Grid-Connected Microgrid Power Dispatch Efficiency Through Bio-Inspired Optimization Algorithms

Revisiting ‘survival of the fittest’ principle in global stochastic optimisation: Incorporating anisotropic mutations

Evolutionary methods of global stochastic optimisation are very popular in the literature with various practical applications, including modelling of natural disasters. To enhance efficiency of optimisation, advanced algorithms seek to incorporate the heterogeneity of population (trial points) and consider more complex scenarios of mutations and recombination. On the other hand, most of the existing evolutionary algorithms have the major drawback that they cannot guarantee the convergence to the global extremum, in other words, such algorithms are purely heuristic. Here we proposed a new approach to global stochastic optimisation using evolutionary algorithms, where we can rigorously show convergence to the optimal solution with probability of one. This was a challenge for previous heuristic algorithms of optimisation. We provide the proof of convergence of the novel algorithm both for the case, where the parameter space has a finite dimensionality, and for optimisation in function spaces, with infinite number of dimensions. The crux of the proposed algorithms is to describe optimisation as a long-term natural selection process, which is a result of interplay between competition for limited resources and mutation, which is known as survival of the fittest principle. This is a modification of Monte-Carlo optimisation, where at each iteration, the search is refined by generating mutations to eventually attain the neighbourhood with the maximal population fitness. Unlike the previous algorithms, using survival of the fittest philosophy, we incorporate the anisotropic mutation for different spatial coordinates. We also suggest implementation of combination of the local and the global search. Using various multi-modal test functions in high dimensional spaces, we show that the new optimisation methods can demonstrate a better performance than some other well-known bio-inspired optimisation algorithms. As an important practical application, we implement our method to find the optimal control strategy in a multi-agent model of spread of infectious diseases. We argue that incorporating anisotropy in mutations is a promising direction in constructing more efficient evolutionary methods of optimisation, which has not been properly exploited in previous algorithms yet.

Research on Optimum Charging Current Profile with Multi-Stage Constant Current Based on Bio-Inspired Optimization Algorithms for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Compared with the conventional constant-current constant-voltage (CC-CV) charging method, the multi-stage constant-current (MSCC) charging method offers advantages such as rapid charging speed and high charging efficiency. However, MSCC must find the optimal charging current profile (OCCP) in order to achieve the aforementioned benefits. Hence, in this paper, five bio-inspired optimization algorithms (BIOAs), including particle swarm optimization (PSO), modified PSO (MPSO), grey wolf optimization (GWO), modified GWO (MGWO), and the jellyfish search algorithm (JSA), are applied to solve the problem of searching for the OCCP of the MSCC. The best solution-finding procedure is run on the MATLAB platform developed based on minimizing the objective function of combining charging time (CT) and energy loss (EL) with a proportional weight. Without requiring numerous and time-consuming actual charge-and-discharge experiments, a wide range of searches can be quickly achieved only through the battery equivalent circuit model (ECM) established. The theoretical derivation and correctness are confirmed via the simulation and experimental results, which demonstrate that the OCCPs obtained by using the devised charging strategies possess the shortest CT and the best charging efficiency (CE), and among them, MPSO has the best fitness value (FV). Compared with the traditional CC-CV method, the experimental results show that the maximum improvement rates (IRs) of the studied approaches in terms of six charging performance evaluation indicators (CPEIs), including CT, charging capacity (CHC), CE, charging energy (CWh), average temperature rise (ATR), and FV, are 21.10%, 0.40%, 0.24%, 2.85%, 18.86%, and 68.99%, respectively. Furthermore, according to the comprehensive evaluation with CPEIs, the top three with the best overall performance are the JSA, MPSO, and GWO methods, respectively.

Stud Hybrid Tasmanian Devil - Grey Wolf Optimization: A novel Bio-Inspired Optimization Algorithm for Learning-to-Rank

<p>Building ranking models used in Information Retrieval (IR) is one of the main problems of learning-to-Rank. Tasmanian Devil Optimization algorithm is a recently proposed meta-heuristic optimization algorithm based on the Tasmanian Devils’ predation mechanism. In this paper, grey wolf operator and stud mechanism are introduced into the TDO optimization process to improve the ability of exploitation and achieve better performance. The proposed Stud Hybrid Tasmanian Devil - Grey Wolf Optimization (SHTDO) combines Grey Wolf Optimizer and TDO with a Stud Selection and Crossover Operator, thus helping to enhance the exploration and exploitation as well as the motion under both strategies. Also, to validate the algorithm on the different fields, widely accepted benchmark and dataset was used for testing. The results show that our algorithm obtains higher ranking performance than TDO, which makes it more suitable for solving optimization problems, especially LTR tasks.</p> <p> </p>

Liver Cancer Algorithm: A novel bio-inspired optimizer

This paper introduces a new bio-inspired optimization algorithm named the Liver Cancer Algorithm (LCA), which mimics the liver tumor growth and takeover process. It uses an evolutionary search approach that simulates the behavior of liver tumors when taking over the liver organ. The tumor’s ability to replicate and spread to other organs inspires the algorithm. LCA algorithm is developed using genetic operators and a Random Opposition-Based Learning (ROBL) strategy to efficiently balance local and global searches and explore the search space. The algorithm’s efficiency is tested on the IEEE Congress of Evolutionary Computation in 2020 (CEC’2020) benchmark functions and compared to seven widely used metaheuristic algorithms, including Genetic Algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), Differential Evolution (DE), Adaptive Guided Differential Evolution Algorithm (AGDE), Improved Multi-Operator Differential Evolution (IMODE), Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO), Runge–Kutta Optimization Algorithm (RUN), weIghted meaN oF vectOrs (INFO), and Coronavirus Herd Immunity Optimizer (CHIO). The statistical results of the convergence curve, boxplot, parameter space, and qualitative metrics show that the LCA algorithm performs competitively compared to well-known algorithms. Moreover, the versatility of the LCA algorithm extends beyond mathematical benchmark problems. It was also successfully applied to tackle the feature selection problem and optimize the support vector machine for various biomedical data classifications, resulting in the creation of the LCA-SVM model. The LCA-SVM model was evaluated in a total of twelve datasets, among which the MonoAmine Oxidase (MAO) dataset stood out, showing the highest performance compared to the other datasets. In particular, the LCA-SVM model achieved an impressive accuracy of 98.704% on the MAO dataset. This outstanding result demonstrates the efficacy and potential of the LCA-SVM approach in handling complex datasets and producing highly accurate predictions. The experimental results indicate that the LCA algorithm surpasses other methods to solve mathematical benchmark problems and feature selection.

Scheduling System for Multiple Self-driving Cars Using K-Means and Bio-inspired Optimization Algorithms

Scheduling System for Multiple Self-driving Cars Using K-Means and Bio-inspired Optimization Algorithms

Short-term streamflow modeling using data-intelligence evolutionary machine learning models

Accurate streamflow prediction is essential for efficient water resources management. Machine learning (ML) models are the tools to meet this need. This paper presents a comparative research study focusing on hybridizing ML models with bioinspired optimization algorithms (BOA) for short-term multistep streamflow forecasting. Specifically, we focus on applying XGB, MARS, ELM, EN, and SVR models and various BOA, including PSO, GA, and DE, for selecting model parameters. The performances of the resulting hybrid models are compared using performance statistics, graphical analysis, and hypothesis testing. The results show that the hybridization of BOA with ML models demonstrates significant potential as a data-driven approach for short-term multistep streamflow forecasting. The PSO algorithm proved superior to the DE and GA algorithms in determining the optimal hyperparameters of ML models for each step of the considered time horizon. When applied with all BOA, the XGB model outperformed the others (SVR, MARS, ELM, and EN), best predicting the different steps ahead. XGB integrated with PSO emerged as the superior model, according to the considered performance measures and the results of the statistical tests. The proposed XGB hybrid model is a superior alternative to the current daily flow forecast, crucial for water resources planning and management.

Harris hawks optimization algorithm for load frequency control of isolated multi-source power generating systems

Abstract This paper presents a recent bio-inspired optimization algorithm for the critical topic of load frequency control (LFC) in an isolated multi-source power generating system. A specific model that emerges from the scientific literature and consists of reheated thermal, hydro and gas-turbine power sources is examined. The main goal is to tune the controller of each generating source i.e. find their optimal gains through bio-inspired optimization algorithms. Namely, the algorithms applied are the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), and the newly proposed Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO). It was observed that all optimization algorithms succeeded in obtaining controllers’ gain values which ensure stable system operation. Also, the simulation results indicated the superiority of the proposed HHO algorithm over the other algorithms for all the considered scenarios. In this article, for the first time to the authors’ knowledge extend an attempt has been made to optimize an isolated multi-source system using the bio-inspired HHO algorithm. The present study considered the LFC problem with a variety of different scenarios, taking into account both sub-cases of nonlinearities (e.g., generation rate constraint, boiler dynamics, etc.) and their combinations, as well as combinations of different controllers and load disturbances, which are not found in the literature. Last but not least, the robustness of the selected controller was further evaluated. The obtained results clearly demonstrated that the controller’s gains established in normal conditions do not require retuning when critical system parameters undergo a significant variation.