Binh Phuoc Research Articles

History of S'Tieng instrumental music in Binh Phuoc Province perspectives on conservation – promotion and inheritance from a cultural management perspective

Vietnam is a multi-ethnic country. In the territory of Vietnam, there are 54 ethnic groups living. Each ethnic group has a process of attachment to the historical process of Vietnam through the periods, making contributions in the history of building and preserving the country. In the history of establishment and development, Binh Phuoc province belongs to the Southeast is an area with many ethnic groups and communities, including the S'Tieng ethnic group. The cultural assets of the S'Tieng ethnic groups in the Southeast are quite diverse and complex, with many cultural systems intertwined and intertwined. On this land, there were ethnic groups living for a long time, before the Vietnamese came to declare the land. Ethnic groups such as S'Tieng, Mạ, Chơ-ro, Cơ ho, Mơ nông are considered indigenous inhabitants. The cultural heritage of the S'Tieng ethnic group has its peculiarities, contributing to making the cultural appearance of the Southeast in general and Binh Phuoc province more diverse and rich.

Evaluation of Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine Efficacy and Molecular Markers in Uncomplicated Falciparum Patients: A Study across Binh Phuoc and Dak Nong, Vietnam.

Background and Objectives: Malaria continues to be a significant global health challenge. The efficacy of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) has declined in many parts of the Greater Mekong Subregion, including Vietnam, due to the spread of resistant malaria strains. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of the Dihydroartemisinin (DHA)-Piperaquine (PPQ) regimen in treating uncomplicated falciparum malaria and to conduct molecular surveillance of antimalarial drug resistance in Binh Phuoc and Dak Nong provinces. Materials and Methods: The study included 63 uncomplicated malaria falciparum patients from therapeutic efficacy studies (TES) treated following the WHO treatment guidelines (2009). Molecular marker analysis was performed on all 63 patients. Methods encompassed Sanger sequencing for pfK13 mutations and quantitative real-time PCR for the pfpm2 gene. Results: This study found a marked decrease in the efficacy of the DHA-PPQ regimen, with an increased rate of treatment failures at two study sites. Genetic analysis revealed a significant presence of pfK13 mutations and pfpm2 amplifications, indicating emerging resistance to artemisinin and its partner drug. Conclusions: The effectiveness of the standard DHA-PPQ regimen has sharply declined, with rising treatment failure rates. This decline necessitates a review and possible revision of national malaria treatment guidelines. Importantly, molecular monitoring and clinical efficacy assessments together provide a robust framework for understanding and addressing detection drug resistance in malaria.

Effect of Pretreatment Methods on Juice Extraction Yield and Nutritional Composition of Cashew Apple (Anacardium Occidentale L.) Harvested from Binh Phuoc (Vietnam)

Nowadays, cashew trees are mainly cultivated to collect cashew nuts, leading to the large amounts of cashew apples (known as the by-product of the cashew industry) being eliminated due to astringent taste caused by tannin. This is the reason why although cashew apples contain many nutritious compounds as vitamin C, polyphenols, sugars, antioxidants are still underutilized in manufacturing beverages. Hence, aiming to evaluate the potential of cashew in terms of effect of pretreatment methods on extraction yield and nutritional values of extracted cashew apple juice, the organic cashew apples collected in Binh Phuoc, Vietnam were examined. The impact of 11 pretreatment methods including blanching cashew apple in different media and incubating in pectinase on extraction yield, tannin and other nutritional values were evaluated. Using enzyme Pectinex Ultra SP-L 0.01% in 2 hours gave extraction yield of 83.89±0.4% which was highest compared to other examined pretreatment methods in the study. Enzymatic pretreatment resulted in 36.5% reduction in tannin content and other nutritious values changed slightly. The obtained results emphasis the potential of cashew apples as a raw material for nutritional beverage production in hope of reducing the quantity of discarded cashew apples. Consequently, this study developed methods in order to add economic value to cashew apple and decrease the negative impacts of the cashew industry to the environment.

Livelihoods Transformation and Climate Change Adaptation of the Ethnic Minorities: A Case Study of the Khmer People in Binh Phuoc Province, Vietnam

Typhoons, floods, and droughts brought on by climate change in Vietnam have severely damaged the livelihoods of farmers, particularly those of the Khmer people in Binh Phuoc province. In the Khmer community, drought has resulted in widespread crop deaths and livestock without food sources for more than ten years. Using qualitative data sources from in-depth interviews and participant observations in the community at several times in 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023, the study aims to examine the Khmer community’s livelihood transformation to adapt to climate change. The findings show that, in response to extreme weather events, the community has changed crops from growing pepper and rice to drought-tolerant rubber, cashew, and fruit trees; they have also shifted their livestock from buffalo to goats and cows. Families with limited land for production have divided their resources to become workers and other secondary sources of income. This transformation shows how dynamically livelihoods are adapting to climate change while also helping the Khmer people become less vulnerable to weather-related shocks. The article also makes some suggestions for policy about the livelihoods of the Khmer people in relation to environmental challenges and climate change.

Factors affecting quality of life of hemodialysis patients at Binh Phuoc Hoan My hospital, Vietnam

Object: Hemodialysis is the common treatment that causes different problems affecting the quality of life (QoL) of chronic kidney disease patients. This study aims to examine the associated factors related to QoL in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional design and was conducted from January- November 2022. Data was collected from 78 patients who have hemodialysis using a validated KDQOL-SFTM questionnaire version 1.3 often used to assess the QoL for patients on hemodialysis (HD). There was 01 focus group discussion with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients and 04 in-depth interviews with management staff. T-test and ANOVA were conducted to analyze quantitative variables. Results: Among the 78 study patients, the total QoL in the patients as shown by KDQOL-SFTM was 54.28 ± 4.98. In which, the SF-36 score was 51,27 ± 7,15 and the KDQOL score was 57.29 ± 5.98. Some demographic characteristics were associated with the low QoL score among ESKD patients such as elderly people (aged 60 years old or over), occupation pensioner/elderly, unemployment (p<0.001, t=4.3, 95%Cl: 2.4 to 6.4), and some other characteristics of diseases are longer duration of disease >5 years (p=0.006), duration of HD >3 years (p=0.001); Family factors were also associated with QoL: distance from home to hospital over 5km (p=0.014, t = 2.5, 95% CI: 0.6 to 5.1), family income (poor and near-poor households) (p<0.001, t=-3.7, 95% Cl: -10.4 to -3.1), and Social factors: health insurance benefits 95%, no social support (p<0.001). Management factors: The health insurance's payment policy affects the QoL of CKD patients. Conclusion: The QoL score of patients with ESKD is relatively higher compared with previous studies. Some demographic, disease-related characteristics (duration of disease and treatment), family factors (distance, income), social factors (health insurance, community support), and health insurance payment policy were associated with lower patient of QoL. Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, end-stage kidney disease, hemodialysis, quality of life.

Use of Mapping Technologies to Study the Spatial Distribution of Malaria Incidence in Vietnam

Background: Malaria is one of the major public health issues globally. Malaria infection spreads through mosquito bites from infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. This study aims to apply mapping technologies to investigate the spatial distribution of malaria cases and incidence in Vietnam. Materials and Methods: Malaria cases in 2019 were first collected from the websites of the Vietnam Ministry of Health (VMH). The incidence of malaria will be then computed. The histogram is employed to study the distribution of malaria cases and incidence. Mapping technologies is then used to study the spatial distribution of malaria cases and incidence. In addition, a scatter plot is also used to investigate the relationship between population density and the incidence of malaria. Finally, results and findings will be discussed and summarised. Results: the study results showed that the highest rate of malaria infection was detected in Gia Lai, followed by Phu Yen, Dak Lak, and Binh Phuoc. Areas of high malaria infection rates were mainly concentrated in rural areas in the south-central region having with high vegetation coverage. Whereas, areas with no or low malaria infection rates were mainly concentrated in urban areas in the northeastern and southeastern regions of Vietnam. In addition, there was a negative correlation between population density and the incidence of malaria. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the combination of histograms, mapping technologies and a scatter plot prove their effectiveness in the study of malaria. Findings in this study provide an insight into how to apply mapping technologies to study and prevent the spread of such an infectious disease as malaria. Keywords: Spatial distribution, Malaria cases, Malaria incidence, Histogram, Scatter plot, Mapping technologies.

Some features of the Sen Dolta festival among the Khmer people in Loc Ninh district, Binh Phuoc province today

Southeast region as well as in the Mekong Delta – the Southwest region and other areas. The festival reflects many distinctive cultural features, including customs, beliefs, arts, community relationships, especially the Khmer people’s way of behaving towards their ancestors’ spirits. Although there are the same origin and meaning as the Khmer community in the Mekong Delta – the Southwest region, due to the impact of many factors, besides the similarities, the Khmer festivals in Loc Ninh district also possess characteristic cultural traits. Based on a comparative perspective and the ecological-cultural theory, combined with the ethnographic fieldwork method, the research results indicate that the Sen Dolta festival of the Khmer people in Loc Ninh district, Binh Phuoc province has undergone changes and at the same time formed unique features, different from those in other Khmer regions, especially compared to the Khmer people in some localities in the Mekong Delta – the Southwest region. In addition to factors such as the historical context, social interactions, cultural exchange and acculturation among ethnic groups, etc., the specific natural conditions and ecological environment are the significant factors shaping the unique cultural traits as well as modifying the Sen Dolta festival of the Khmer people in Loc Ninh district, Binh Phuoc province and in the Southeast region today.

Sự hài lòng của người dân sử dụng dịch vụ tiêm chủng mở rộng tại Trung tâm Y tế Thành phố Đồng Xoài, tỉnh Bình Phước, năm 2023

Describe the satisfaction of people using expanded vaccination services at Health Stations of Dong Xoai City Health Center, Binh Phuoc province in 2023. Designed a cross-sectional study on 307 subjects using expanded vaccination services (EPI) at the City Medical Center. Dong Xoai from April 2023 - August 2023. Satisfaction is assessed in 5 aspects based on Decision 3869/QD-BYT. Overall satisfaction rate reached 86.3%. In which, satisfaction with service delivery results reached the highest rate (97.4%), the lowest was in terms of facilities and service facilities (92.2%). People's satisfaction rate with expanded vaccination services is considered quite high, it is necessary to improve the quality of facilities and facilities to serve patients. It is recommended to expand research and evaluation across the entire vaccination program and evaluate other influencing factors. Keywords: Satisfaction; Expanded Program On Immunization, Binh Phuoc province

Removal of Tannins from Cashew (Anacardium Occidentale l.) Apple Juice in Binh Phuoc (Viet Nam) by Using Enzymatic Method

Objective: The study was conducted to identify the optimum condition for maximum tannin removal in cashew apple juice by enzymes. Tannin is the cause of astringency and reduces sensory value, which lead to underestimating the by-product of the cashew nut industry. The result of the study will help to utilize and convert cashew apples into a nutritious juice product, contributing to zero waste life and sustainable food production. Method: The study was conducted by examining the parameters of the detannying process by tannase enzyme and tannase combined with pectinase. The parameters for tannase adding are juice pH (4 – 6), incubation time (40 min – 160 min), temperature (25 – 45oC) and enzyme concentration (0.1 – 0.4%). Regarding combinations of tannase and pectinase, pectinase concentration was examined in the range of 0.6 – 1.2%. Result: The combination of pectinase 0.8% and tannase 0.2%, 80 minutes of incubation, 35oC at juice pH (4.61) can remove tannin up to 56.09%. Conclusion: Using the combination of pectinase and tannase in tannin removal from cashew apple juice has shown high efficiency, which can reduce the astringency in this fruit and apply in juice processing, contributing to zero waste agricultural production.

Reporting the impact of artemisinin resistance: Molecular surveillance of pfK13 and pfEXO mutations in Plasmodium falciparum in Southern provinces of Vietnam

Background: Malaria, mainly caused by Plasmodium falciparum, is a major global health concern. In Vietnam, resistance to artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) is rising, jeopardizing malaria control efforts. This study focuses on mutations in the pfK13 and pfEXO genes, particularly the E415G mutation, in Southern Vietnam.
 Methods: The study involved 421 patients across two cohorts. The first, with 63 patients from Binh Phuoc and Dak Nong, had uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria and were part of the Therapeutic Efficacy Studies (TES), treated according to WHO guidelines (2009). The second cohort, comprising 358 patients from the Central Highlands, aimed to assess mutation frequency in genes linked to artemisinin resistance. Molecular marker analysis, including Sanger sequencing for pfK13 and ARMS-PCR for E415G in pfEXO, was conducted. The study also examined the association of these mutations with Day 3 parasitemia and treatment outcomes using Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine (DHA-PPQ).
 Results: Most cases showed mutations in pfK13, linked to delayed parasite clearance and higher treatment failure, indicating pfK13 as a key marker for artemisinin resistance. The E415G mutation in pfEXO was common but not significantly associated with resistance or treatment outcomes, though there was a tendency towards increased treatment failure among these patients. Conclusion: Our study implies the critical role of the C580Y mutation in the pfK13 gene in artemisinin resistance and its impact on the efficacy of ACTs in Vietnam. The findings highlight the necessity for monitoring these mutations as molecular markers for drug resistance and call for the exploration of alternative treatment strategies in the face of evolving antimalarial drug resistance. This study contributes valuable insights to the molecular epidemiology of malaria in Southern provinces in Vietnam and emphasizes the urgency of addressing artemisinin resistance in the global fight against malaria.
 Key words: pfK13, E415G , artemisinin resistance, P. falciparum, malaria.

Stress of the mothers in caring for children with developmental disabilities and some related factors

Objective: to determine the stress status of mothers in caring for children with intellectual disabilities from 4-9 years old and survey some related factors in order to design an intervention program to improve maternal stress. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was implemented in May 2022 in Phuoc Long district, Binh Phuoc province on a sample of all 55 mothers of children with developmental disabilities (4-9 years old) who were screened and diagnosed by interdisciplinary approach in locality. The Parenting Stress Index (PSI) was used to collect information from mothers in a self-completed form. The t-test and linear regression was used to compare and find the association of the stress levels with the independent variables. Results: The mean total PSI score of mothers was 97.2. Maternal stress was associated with level of disability and time of continuous care in univariate analysis and linear regression. Conclusion: The focus of the intervention program can be considered to target groups of mothers with children with more severe disabilities and older age groups in order to improve the effectiveness of the intervention program towards improving the stress status of mothers. Keywords: Stress, children with intellectual disabilities, PSI, maternal health.

Molecular surveillance of Plasmodium falciparum drug-resistance markers in Vietnam using multiplex amplicon sequencing (2000–2016)

Emergence and spread of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACT) is a major challenge for Greater Mekong Subregion countries in their goal to eliminate malaria by 2030. Tools to efficiently monitor drug resistance beyond resource-demanding therapeutic efficacy studies are necessary. A custom multiplex amplicon sequencing assay based on Illumina technology was designed to target the marker of partial resistance to artemisinin (K13), five candidate modulators of artemisinin resistance, the marker of resistance to chloroquine (crt), and four neutral microsatellite loci. The assay was used to genotype 635 P. falciparum-positive blood samples collected across seven provinces of Vietnam and one of Cambodia between 2000 and 2016. Markers of resistance to artemisinin partner-drugs piperaquine (copy number of plasmepsin-2) and mefloquine (copy number of multidrug-resistance 1) were determined by qPCR. Parasite population structure was further assessed using a 101-SNP barcode. Validated mutations of artemisinin partial resistance in K13 were found in 48.1% of samples, first detection was in 2000, and by 2015 prevalence overcame > 50% in Central Highlands and Binh Phuoc province. K13-C580Y variant became predominant country-wide, quickly replacing an outbreak of K13-I543T in Central Highlands. Mutations in candidate artemisinin resistance modulator genes paralleled the trends of K13 mutants, whereas resistance to piperaquine and mefloquine remained low (≈ 10%) by 2015–2016. Genomic tools applied to malaria surveillance generate comprehensive information on dynamics of drug resistance and population structure and reflect drug efficacy profiles from in vivo studies.

EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF PYRONARIDINE TETRAPHOSPHATEARTESUNATE FOR TREATMENT OF UNCOMPLICATED Plasmodium falciparum MALARIA IN BINH PHUOC, GIA LAI AND PHU YEN PROVINCES, VIET NAM, IN 2021

From March to December 2021, this prospective, open-label, single-armobservational clinical trial, conducted in Binh Phuoc, Gia Lai and Phu Yen provinces,evaluated the safety and efficacy of oral Pyronaridine tetraphosphate-Artesunate oncedaily for three consecutive days in adults and children with microscopically confirmedP. falciparum malaria. Patients were treated as in-patients for Days 0–3, with followup visits on Days 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42. The primary outcome was PCR-adjustedadequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR) at Day 42. The results from 54P. falciparum patients has shown that: The efficacy of Pyronaridine tetraphosphate -Artesunate to P. falciparum has still high, with the rate of ACPR is 100%, the rate ofpositive parasitemia at day 3 is 50%, 54.5% and 54.8% in Binh Phuoc, Phu Yen andGia Lai, respectively. Pyronaridine-Artesunate is safety for the patients. None seriousadverd event are recorded.

Assessing the Operational Feasibility of Integrating Point-of-Care G6PD Testing into Plasmodium vivax Malaria Management in Vietnam.

Plasmodium vivax cases represent more than 50% of a diminishing malaria case load in Vietnam. Safe and effective radical cure strategies could support malaria elimination by 2030. This study investigated the operational feasibility of introducing point-of-care quantitative glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) testing into malaria case management practices. A prospective interventional study was conducted at nine district hospitals and commune health stations in Binh Phuoc and Gia Lai provinces in Vietnam over the period of October 2020 to October 2021. The STANDARD™ G6PD Test (SD Biosensor, Seoul, Republic of Korea) was incorporated to inform P. vivax case management. Case management data and patient and health care provider (HCP) perspectives, as well as detailed cost data were collected. The G6PD test results were interpreted correctly by HCP and the treatment algorithm was adhered to for the majority of patients. One HCP consistently ran the test incorrectly, which was identified during the monitoring and resulted in provision of refresher training and updating of training materials and patient retesting. There was wide acceptability of the intervention among patients and HCP albeit with opportunities to improve the counseling materials. Increasing the number of facilities to which the test was deployed and decreases in the malaria cases resulted in higher per patient cost for incorporating G6PD testing into the system. Commodity costs can be reduced by using the 10-unit kits compared to the 25 unit kits, particularly when the case loads are low. These results demonstrate intervention feasibility while also highlighting specific challenges for a country approaching malaria elimination.

Study on organic matter decomposition and siderophore production of rhizobacteria isolated from black pepper grown in Loc Ninh, Binh Phuoc province, Vietnam

This study was carried out determining capability of organic compound decomposition and siderophore synthesis of 39 plant growth promotion rhizobacteria strains isolated from rhizosphere of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) in a previous study. The ability to degrade organic compounds including proteins, lipids, cellulose and chitin was investigated by agar well diffusion method. The ability to produce siderophore was qualified by liquid CAS method and strains with good results were further investigated by PS-CAS agar plate method. The results showed that the number of bacterial strains capable of degrading protein, cellulose, chitin and lipid were 37, 27, 16 and 6, respectively. Twenty-two strains changed color of CAS agar, of which 6 strains had a band width of 4.5 cm. The seven best strains identified were Proteus mirabilis (LD2), Bacillus megaterium (LT4), B. subtilis (LT2), B. cereus (LD7, LD8, LD16, LT19) by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight method. These were plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria that had been reported on potential applications in agriculture.

Rubber Plant in the Social - Economic Process of Binh Phuoc Province (1997 - 2022) – Situation and Solutions

The study was carried out using historical methods to generalize the process of introduction and development of rubber trees in Binh Phuoc, learn about the history of formation, the origin of rubber trees as well as the origin of rubber trees. linkage between rubber growers in the area. From there, analyze and evaluate advantages and disadvantages of smallholder farmers in the process of growing and producing rubber; describe the current situation of rubber latex prices under the influence of the world market in order to analyze and offer some solutions to contribute to promoting sustainable linkages, meeting new regulations and trends of the market. domestic and export towards sustainable production of rubber plantation and exploitation by local smallholder farmers. Research results show that the cultivation of rubber trees in Binh Phuoc province brings high economic efficiency, changing the economic and social life of Binh Phuoc province.

Rubber Plant in the Social - Economic Process of Binh Phuoc Province (1997 - 2022) – Situation and Solutions

Rubber Plant in the Social - Economic Process of Binh Phuoc Province (1997 - 2022) – Situation and Solutions

Influence of crop seasons to quality attributes of watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris L.) and cantaloupe (Cucumis melo L.) in the sub-tropical zone of Vietnam

Watermelon and cantaloupe are vital fruits that supply the basic energy requirement along with reduction in poverty of millions of farmers. However, the nutritional quality is influenced by soil, climatic condition and cultivation technique, adopted by the local farmers which needs to be explored in depth. Therefore, this research was conducted at Chon Thanh district, Binh Phuoc province, Vietnam in 2021 to survey the impact of crop seasons (winter-spring and autumn-winter) on the proximate composition, phenolic content and antioxidant activity of watermelon and cantaloupe fruits. This investigation was carried out on 24 orchards (for watermelon) and 18 green-houses (for cantaloupe) of Binh Phuoc province, Vietnam with total 216 watermelon fruits and 162 cantaloupe fruits in the winter–spring crop from October 2019 to March 2020; and total 216 watermelon fruits and 162 cantaloupe fruits in the autumn-winter crop from April 2020 to September 2020. Results showed that winter-spring provided a minor higher proximate composition, phenolic content and antioxidant activity on both the watermelon and cantaloupe fruits than ones grown in the autumn-winter season. It could be explained by the effect of crop seasons on the growth of fruits and accumulation of quality attributes.

Enhancing access to clean water in Bu Dop district – Binh Phuoc province

Safely access to clean water is the goal 6 of the millennium development goals (MDGs). Nowadays, 25% of the world's population does not have safe access to clean water. This situation is more serious in low-income countries. Being lack of the access to clean water affects not only the livelihoods but also the basic demands of the human being. Because of the high demand on researching about this topic, the article focuses on the status of using cleaning water in Bu Dop, a poor district of Binh Phuoc province during the period 2017 – 2021. The data were collected by surveying a sample of 160 households of four communes in the area that did not use clean water. Based on the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and logit regression model, the results of the analysis indicate that there are five variables impact people's intention to use fresh water are ethnicity; income; the awareness of the usefulness of clean water; the satisfaction with the price, and the availabilities of other water resources. Accordingly, the research proposes some solutions to enhance the possibilities to access the clean water in the Bu Dop district. These approaches are promulgating some policies to support and encourage local people in this area to use clean water and the specific policies for ethnic minorities; providing more information for improving the people's awareness and responsibility in using clean water; enhancing the management and operation of centralized water treatment system; attracting the ODA (Official Development Assistance) projects providing clean water for poor communes and encouraging the private sectors to participate in this issue.

Traditional creativity in the practice of Chol Chnam Thmay festival of Khmer people in Loc Ninh district, Binh Phuoc province, Vietnam today

Chol Chnam Thmay is one of the typical traditional festivals of Khmer people living in Loc Ninh in the Southeastern region of Vietnam as well as in the Mekong Delta in the Southwestern region of Vietnam and in some other Southeast Asian countries. Similar to Khmer people in other regions, festivals of Khmer people in Loc Ninh are also formed and integrated from three cultural lines: folk beliefs, Brahminism, and Buddhism. However, due to the peculiarities of natural conditions, and historical and social circumstances, Khmer people’s festivals in Loc Ninh have specific cultural features, which have contributed to the formation and development of the Khmer ethnic identity in Loc Ninh as well as the cultural identity of the Southeastern region of Vietnam. Based on Hobsbawm's theoretical approach to “Traditional Creativity”, combining Ethnographic/Anthropological field methods, the research results show that Chol Chnam Thmay festival of the Khmer people in Loc Ninh has had a lot of changes. The the changes of the festival is the consequence of the “Traditional Creativity” process in the restoration and practice of the Khmer community's festival. In addition to the impact of the natural environment, and historical and social circumstances, these changes are also affected by cultural exchange factors, globalization, integration, and especially, impacts from the policies on socio-economic and cultural development of the Vietnamese Communist Party and State implemented in localities in the Southeastern region of Vietnam at present.