Binder Free Research Articles

Multifunctional, Novel Zinc-Pyrrole Polymeric MOF as Free Standing, Binder Free Supercapacitor Electrode and Photocatalyst for Organic Pollutant Degradation

Multifunctional, Novel Zinc-Pyrrole Polymeric MOF as Free Standing, Binder Free Supercapacitor Electrode and Photocatalyst for Organic Pollutant Degradation

Ultrathin Electrode of Binder Free Energy Storage Device: Fabrication of MgO@RGO Nanocomposites through Hierarchical Synthesis

Ultrathin Electrode of Binder Free Energy Storage Device: Fabrication of MgO@RGO Nanocomposites through Hierarchical Synthesis

Snsb Film As a Long Cycle Life Binder Free Anode Material for Sodium-Ion Batteries Facilitated By High Concentration Electrolyte

With demand for battery devices projected to grow substantially over the coming decades the cost of lithium is expected to increase proportionally[1]. Li mining is an unsustainable process and developing post lithium-ion battery technology will be a critical step in accommodating the increasing demand for energy storage.[2] At the forefront of post-Li battery technology are sodium ion batteries (SIBs). SIBs are not only inherently more sustainable due to avoiding the use of Li but can potentially be more cost efficient. Sodium precursors, such as Na2CO3 and NaCl, are low cost and can be sourced globally. Furthermore, aluminium can be used as the anode current collector instead of copper, significantly reducing costs[1]. However, LIBs are still superior in terms of energy density, and SIB will require much progress to be competitive in that respect. To date, the most widely used anode material in SIBs is hard carbon. Although there are many advantages to using this carbonaceous anode material, it has several limitations, such as limited capacity and some uncertainty surrounding the sodiation mechanism.[3,4] Na-alloying metals are an interesting alternative to hard carbon with some key advantages. Group 14 and 15 metals such as Sn, Sb, and Bi have received much attention recently as potential anode materials because of their high theoretical capacities. However, application of these materials has been limited due to pulverization caused by large volume change during cycling. Nano-structuring alloying materials has been established as a key step in mitigating this issue as the nano-dimensions can accommodate the volume change without pulverization.[5][6]Forming composites of Na-alloying metals is another method that has been successful in extending anode cycle life. One such material is SnSb, which is a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries due its high theoretical capacity of 751 mAh g-1 while a buffering effect between Sn and Sb during sodiation reduces pulverization.[7] Depositing SnSb directly onto the current collector via physical vapor deposition yields a conductive additive and binder free anode. The resulting layer, being both a composite and nanosized, benefits from the aforementioned advantages. The absence of conductive additives, binders and the need for solvents results in an increased energy density and reduced cost. When tested with a bespoke high concentration electrolyte consisting of NaClO4 in dimethoxyethane and fluoroethylene carbonate additive this anode can achieve capacities exceeding 390 mAh/g after 1500 cycles. The material was tested versus Na foil in a half-cell configuration using 2032 coin-cells.

Impact of carbon coating processing using sucrose for thick binder-free titanium niobium oxide lithium-ion battery anode

Lithium-ion batteries are increasingly important for providing energy storage solutions. In the drive to improve the energy density at the cell level, optimizing the electrode architecture is crucial in addition to researching new materials. Binder-free (BF) electrodes include porous pellets only containing battery electroactive materials. These electrodes can provide advantages with regard to mechanical stability and alleviated ion transport limitations relative to composite approaches for very thick and energy-dense electrodes. However, the absence of conductive additives often limits suitable material candidates for BF battery electrodes. TiNb2O7 (TNO) is a promising BF electrode material from a gravimetric and volumetric capacity standpoint, but phase pure TNO has relatively low electronic conductivity. Herein, a sucrose precursor coating method for TNO materials was implemented to process the TNO materials into BF electrodes. The sucrose served as a source to generate carbon in the electrodes, where the carbon coating resulted in an increase in rate capability, discharge voltage, and cycle life.

Effect of Carbon Nanotubes on the Na+ Intercalation Capacity of Binder Free Mn2V2O7-CNTs Electrode: A Structural Investigation

Improvements in sodium intercalation in sodium cathodes have been debated in recent years. In the present work, we delineate the significant effect of the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and their weight percent in the intercalation capacity of the binder-free manganese vanadium oxide (MVO)-CNTs composite electrodes. The performance modification of the electrode is discussed taking into account the cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) layer under optimal performance. We observe an intermittent distribution of the chemical phases on the CEI, formed on these electrodes after several cycles. The bulk and superficial structure of pristine and Na+ cycled electrodes were identified via micro-Raman scattering and Scanning X-ray Photoelectron Microscopy. We show that the inhomogeneous CEI layer distribution strongly depends on the CNTs weight percentage ratio in an electrode nano-composite. The capacity fading of MVO-CNTs appears to be associated with the dissolution of the Mn2O3 phase, leading to electrode deterioration. This effect is particularly observed in electrodes with low weight percentage of the CNTs in which the tubular topology of the CNTs are distorted due to the MVO decoration. These results can deepen the understanding of the CNTs role on the intercalation mechanism and capacity of the electrode, where there are variations in the mass ratio of CNTs and the active material.

Safer and Higher Electrochemical Performance of Binder Free Iron Oxide Anode As an Alternative to Graphite, Silicon and Lithium Metal Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries

Graphite anode has lower capacity, but silicon and lithium metal anodes have higher capacities yet have safety concerns due to volume expansions. The expansion and related safety issues occur during the charging and discharging process and throughout the life of the battery. The objective is therefore to present an alternative that will exhibit desirable properties. We have employed a novel manufacturing technique that involved a new nanostructured material composition, mixing and coating processes to synthesize a nanolayered binder free iron oxide anode. Our experimental results include high electrochemical performance of 1,007mA/g specific capacity and this value remained consistent at various charging and discharging rates. We have demonstrated that our new technique can be used to make higher capacity binder free iron oxide anodes for making lithium-ion batteries for use in increasing range of electric vehicles and electric aircrafts; and increase life span of stationary backup and consumer electronic products. The observed data was derived from using half coin cells, and hence for industrial and commercial applications we plan to test the electrodes in prismatic cells.

Bean Pod-Like SbSn/N-Doped Carbon Fibers toward a Binder Free, Free-Standing, and High-Performance Anode for Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Bimetallic SbSn alloy stands out among the anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) because of its high theoretical specific capacity (752 mAh g-1 ) and good electrical conductivity. However, the major challenge is the large volume change during cycling processes, bringing about rapid capacity decay. Herein, to cope with this issue, through electrostatic spinning and high temperature calcination reduction, the unique bean pod-like free-standing membrane is designed initially, filling SbSn dots into integrated carbon matrix including hollow carbon spheres and nitrogen-doped carbon fibers (B-SbSn/NCFs). Significantly, the synergistic carbon matrix not only improves the conductivity and flexibility, but provides enough buffer space to alleviate the large volume change of metal particles. More importantly, the B-SbSn/NCFs free-standing membrane can be directly used as the anode without polymer binder and conductive agent, which improves the energy density and reaction kinetics. Satisfyingly, the free-standing BSbSn/NCFs membrane anode shows excellent electrochemical performance in SIB. The specific capacity of the membrane electrode can maintain 486.9 mAh g-1 and the coulombic efficiency is close to 100% after 400 cycles at 100 mA g-1 . Furthermore, the full cell based on B-SbSn/NCFs anode also exhibits the good electrochemical performance.

A High-Performance Asymmetric Supercapacitor Consists of Binder Free Electrode Materials of Bimetallic Hydrogen Phosphate (Mnco(Hpo4)) Hexagonal Tubes and Graphene Ink

A High-Performance Asymmetric Supercapacitor Consists of Binder Free Electrode Materials of Bimetallic Hydrogen Phosphate (Mnco(Hpo4)) Hexagonal Tubes and Graphene Ink

Development of Binder Free Interconnected 3D Flower of NiZn2O4 as an Advanced Electrode Materials for Supercapacitor Applications

The design and development of electrode materials for energy-storage applications is an area of prime focus around the globe because of the shortage of natural resources. In this study, we developed a method for preparing a novel three-dimensional binder-free pseudocapacitive NiZn2O4 active material, which was grown directly over nickel foam (NiZn2O4@3D-NF), using a simple one-step hydrothermal process. The material was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques were employed to evaluate the pseudocapacitive performance of the NiZn2O4 active material in a three-electrode assembly cell. The prepared NiZn2O4@3D-NF electrode exhibited an excellent specific capacitance, of 1706.25 F/g, compared to that of the NiO@3D-NF (1050 F/g) electrode because it has the bimetallic characteristics of both zinc and nickel. The NiZn2O4@3D-NF electrode showed better cyclic stability (87.5% retention) compared to the NiO@3D-NF electrode (80% retention) after 5000 cycles at a fixed current density, which also supports the durability of the NiZn2O4@3D-NF electrode. The characteristics of NiZn2O4@3D-NF include corrosion resistance, high conductivity, an abundance of active sites for electrochemical reaction, a high surface area, and synergism between the bimetallic oxides, which make it a suitable candidate for potential application in the field of energy storage.

Room Temperature Surface Oxidation by Alkalization of Binder Free CuO Nanostructured Electrode for Enhanced Supercapacitive Performance

AbstractThe copper oxide (CuO) nanostructures are synthesized via facile oxidation of Cu foil in an aqueous KOH solution at room temperature. A precleaned Cu foil immersed in a 0.1 M aqueous KOH solution for different time periods (36–72 h) systematically converts its surface into nanochained to rice husk morphology and then agglomerated dense nanoclusters. The impact of immersion time on the morphology and consequently supercapacitor performance is studied. The CuO nanostructure synthesized at an immersion time of 60 h shows a maximum specific capacitance of 302 Fg–1 at a scan rate of 2 mV s−1. The capacitance retention reaches up to 87% after 2000 cycles.

Flexible and Safe Zinc/SS – Cu and Bi Incorporated Binder Free Hierarchical MnO2 Alkaline Solid-State Battery with High-Capacity Utilization and Long Cycle Life for Wearable Applications.

Wearable electronics are one of the most rapidly growing industries, due to their extended use in everyday applications resulting in an increased demand for portable energy storage devices. Despite immense success in commercialization of Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), conventional LIBs suffer from issues of cost and safety. The expanding need for cheaper, and safer energy storage devices led explorations towards alternatives. After careful considerations, Zinc (Zn)-Manganese dioxide (MnO2) based alkaline system was chosen to be investigated in this work due to its low cost, inherent safety, and high theoretical energy density. However, challenges associated with making the aforementioned system rechargeable and highly performing still remains. The work in this study is directed towards enhancing the overall performance of the Zn-MnO2 alkaline battery in addition to making it suitable for flexible and wearable applications. A highly ionically conducting polymer electrolyte ({5}CP) with excellent physical and electrochemical stability primarily comprising biopolymer chitosan is prepared by using a time and energy-efficient technique. Incorporation of this polymer electrolyte with Zn anode and MnO2 cathode enabled the successful preparation of a physically flexible cell. To obtain high cyclability and performance of the system; issues of inactive phase formations (MnxOy, ZnMnxOy), low active material availability, pronounced shape changes at the anode surface, and zincate ion transfer towards cathode were overcome by enhancing the electrochemically active layers in the system. The assembled cell comprising the enhanced fabricated layers; (i.e. a Zinc/Stainless steel mesh composite anode, a hierarchical binder-free bismuth and copper additives based MnO2 cathode, and a chitosan-based polymer electrolyte with calcium hydroxide additive) indicated excellent rate capabilities (486 mAh/g @ 0.1 A/g, 278.9 mAh/g @ 2 A/g & 172.8 mAh/g @ 5 A/g), high capacity utilization (78% of the theoretical 2-electron capacity on MnO2), long cycling stabilities (70% retention over 1000 cycles), and good energy densities (155 – 400 Wh/kg @ 0.1 – 1 A/g). Moreover, a number of destructive tests such as being bent, hammered, pressurized, and punctured were conducted on the pouch cell fabricated using the above-mentioned layers to analyze the cells’ safety, reliability, and robustness. Results indicated not much deterioration in capacities. Additionally, when the cell was bent and tested for long performance; a stable discharge capacity (270 mAh/g @ 1 A/g) was obtained after 250 cycles, thus attesting to excellent cycling stability. The successful working of the fabricated cell was validated by lighting up an LED. The successful findings presented in this study can chart new pathways to the development of safe, flexible, cost-effective, and more environmentally responsible alternative energy storage sources for wearables.

Silicon in Hollow Carbon Nanospheres Assembled Microspheres Cross‐linked with N‐doped Carbon Fibers toward a Binder Free, High Performance, and Flexible Anode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

AbstractSilicon (Si), as the most promising anode material, has drawn tremendous attention to substitute commercially used graphite for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). However, recently, the insufficiently high structural stabilities and electron/ion conductivities of silicon‐based composites have become the main concerns, hindering the further progress of silicon as the anode material for LIBs. Herein, to cope with these concerns, a binder‐free and free‐standing type anode electrode paper is fabricated from self‐assembled microspheres and intertwined fabrics, in which a 3D interconnected nitrogen/carbon network connects hollow carbon nanospheres with uniformly distributed silicon nanodots (SHCM/NCF). The as‐prepared SHCM/NCF paper maintains a reversible capacity of 1442 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 for 800 cycles in lithium half‐cell, and 450 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 for 200 cycles in lithium full‐cell, respectively. The excellent battery performances are mainly attributed to the free‐standing paper electrode suppressing side reactions, nitrogen/carbon networks maintaining electrical contact, and silicon nanodots alleviating the harm caused by volume expansion. Furthermore, this excellent performance combined with the simplicity of the synthesis method and the saving of excess polymer binder, current collector and conducting additives, make the designed paper exhibit great potential in practical applications.

Balsa‐Wood‐Derived Binder–Free Freestanding Carbon Foam as High‐Performance Potassium Anode

The binder‐free freestanding electrode is assumed as a proven and effective method of increasing the energy density of potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) because of the addition of binder and conductor. However, an expensive and complex synthesis process hampers its development, Herein, a binder‐free freestanding biomass hard carbon (BHC) foam with balsa wood as the precursor is put forward. The prepared BHC foam maintains a highly hierarchical structure, in which the channels are interconnected and the pipe walls form an extremely stable 3D structure. This 3D porous network is synthesized in one step by a simple, environmentally friendly method, which ensures efficient ion and electrolyte transfer without structure collapse during the electrochemical cycle. When used as PIB anodes, the binder‐free freestanding carbon foam delivers a high reversible capacity of 252.7 mAh g−1 at 100 mA g−1 with a high initial coulombic efficiency of 63.7%, excellent long cycle stability (95.1% capacity retention after 500 cycles, and the average decay rate per cycle is 0.012% over 2500 cycles), and superior rate capability (the capacity of 165 mAh g−1 reserved at 2000 mA g−1). This strategy provides a simple and fast way to fabricate a stable and high‐performance anode for PIBs.

Self-Supported CuO In-Situ Grown on Copper Foil as Binder Free Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Self-Supported CuO In-Situ Grown on Copper Foil as Binder Free Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Construction of FeCo2O4@N-Doped Carbon Dots Nanoflowers as Binder Free Electrode for Reduction and Oxidation of Water.

Electrochemical water splitting is known as a potential approach for sustainable energy conversion; it produces H2 fuel by utilizing transition metal-based catalysts. We report a facile synthesis of FeCo2O4@carbon dots (CDs) nanoflowers supported on nickel foam through a hydrothermal technique in the absence of organic solvents and an inert environment. The synthesized material with a judicious choice of CDs shows superior performance in hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions (HER and OER) compared to the FeCo2O4 electrode alone in alkaline media. For HER, the overpotential of 205 mV was able to produce current densities of up to 10 mA cm−2, whereas an overpotential of 393 mV was needed to obtain a current density of up to 50 mA cm−2 for OER. The synergistic effect between CDs and FeCo2O4 accounts for the excellent electrocatalytic activity, since CDs offer exposed active sites and subsequently promote the electrochemical reaction by enhancing the electron transfer processes. Hence, this procedure offers an effective approach for constructing metal oxide-integrated CDs as a catalytic support system to improve the performance of electrochemical water splitting.

Self-Supported PANI@MnO₂ Coaxial Nanowire Network Sponge as a Binder Free Electrode for Supercapacitors.

In this paper, we report a novel self-supported PANI@MnO₂ coaxial nanowire network sponge as a binder free electrode for supercapacitors. The as-prepared material has long MnO₂ nanowire core, uniform PANI shell, intertwined nanowire networks and sponge-like structure. Its unique structure promotes the conductivity, electrochemical performance and stability of the material. The specific capacitance of this PANI@MnO₂ coaxial nanowire network sponge electrode was as high as 344 F·g-1 and maintained about 98.6% of its initial value. Moreover, a high energy density of 86 Wh·kg-1 at a power density of 400 W·kg-1 was obtained tested by a symmetric capacitor. This remarkable electrochemical performance indicated its superior application potential in supercapacitors.

Binder Free and Flexible Asymmetric Supercapacitor Exploiting Mn3O4 and MoS2 Nanoflakes on Carbon Fibers.

Emerging technologies, such as portable electronics, have had a huge impact on societal norms, such as access to real time information. To perform these tasks, portable electronic devices need more and more accessories for the processing and dispensation of the data, resulting in higher demand for energy and power. To overcome this problem, a low cost high-performing flexible fiber shaped asymmetric supercapacitor was fabricated, exploiting 3D-spinel manganese oxide Mn3O4 as cathode and 2D molybdenum disulfide MoS2 as anode. These asymmetric supercapacitors with stretched operating voltage window of 1.8 V exhibit high specific capacitance and energy density, good rate capability and cyclic stability after 3000 cycles, with a capacitance retention of more than 80%. This device has also shown an excellent bending stability at different bending conditions.

Three-Dimensional Binder Free Co-MOF@Co3O4/Ni Nanostructured Electrode for High Performance Supercapatteries

Inflating energy consumption of modern society demands sustainable energy storage device. Optimization of energy along with power density is the major concern for a sustainable energy storage device. Different types of materials are used for both supercapacitors and batteries. Usually carbon based materials are used as electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) and transition metal oxide and conducting polymers are used as pseudocapacitive type materials[1]. Transition metal oxides like Co3O4 [2] , NiCo2O4 [3]and Bi2O3[4] etc. are used as battery type materials. Hybridization of both battery and supercapacitor type materials can give high specific capacitance as well as high specific surface area and conductivity thus maximizing both energy density and power density of the electrode material. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are consisting of covalent bonds between transition metal ions and organic linkers containing carboxylic groups or imidazole groups[5]. These novel materials can provide very high specific surface area, good tailorability, and appreciable aspect ratio etc. A number of literature on MOF based energy storage device material are fabricated by binder method [6]. Use of binder lessens the conductivity and the active surface area of the electrode material. If a transition metal oxide is formed directly on a conducting substrate and over that, a MOF is formed then the morphology of the entire electrode will not only provide three-dimensional nanostructure but also high surface area, porosity and appreciable aspect ratio. Therefore, this approach can be proved as a highly fruitful for the synthesis of an excellent supercapattery device.In this work, an approach to synthesize a three-dimensional binder-free electrode material based on cobalt-metal organic frameworks (Co-MOF) grown over cobalt oxide is adopted. Cobalt oxide is grown over nickel sheet (Co3O4/Ni) via hydrothermal process followed by solvothermal process for the formation of Co-MOF@Co3O4/Ni using trimesic acid as organic linker. The structural, morphological and compositional confirmation was accomplished through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, respectively. The image delivers a three-dimensional micro-flower structure embedded with multidimensional polygons with good porosity and high specific surface area (Fig. 1). Herein the cobalt oxide forms a three-dimensional micro flower structure and the growth of MOF over that adds extra porosity, surface area and stability. The electrochemical characterization was accomplished through cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis using a three electrode system in 1M KOH solution. The Co-MOF@Co3O4/Ni binder-free electrode showed a battery type behavior i.e. redox peaks in both CV and GCD curve. The specific capacity obtained from cyclic voltammetry analysis was 539 mC/cm2 at scan rate of 5mV/s. This binder free and three-dimensional porous architecture electrode avoids the use of extra additive and provide large specific surface area and porosity for the easy access of electrolyte ions and charge storage and better electrical conductivity for the fast electron transportations. Hence, this novel three-dimensional binder-free Co-MOF@Co3O4/Ni electrode can be proved as an excellent candidate for supercapattery device.The detailed experimental results and discussion will be presented in the meeting. Acknowledgements: This research work is financially assisted by the Department of Science and Technology-Inspire (DST-Inspire) Fellowship (IF170869), by Govt. of India.

Self-Standing and Binder Free Cathode: Facile and Scalable Fabrication with MWCNT for Recyclable and Sustainable Application of Li-O2 Battery

It’s well known that the Li-O2 battery can achieve theoretically1 ten times as much energy density (5200Wh/kg) as Li-ion battery but often limited in reality on the capacity and the cycling. In this system, the carbon cathode provides merely a framework for the lithium peroxide deposition but is not an active material. The dissolved oxygen in the electrolyte is indeed the active material. In other words, the capacity depends on the porosity and the framework architecture. Our previous X-ray tomographic study2 pointed out that a sparse structure is needed to increase the capacity by impeding the pore clogging and oxygen depletion. The conventional fabrication by evaporating the solvent of a slurry can only provide ~20% porosity which is insignificant. Other templating fabrications3,4 are often reported in the literature, but procedures are tedious. To fabricate sparse and self-standing cathode with the multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), we propose a facile and scalable two steps Buchner approach.The MWCNTs are firstly dispersed in a solvent by sonification. A direct filtration with the separator of a battery can omit a stacking step in the battery assembling (Figure 1). Preceded by a drying process, the cathode is then investigated in the overall cell for electrochemical performance and cyclability. The data of X-ray nano-Computed Tomography acquired in APS synchrotron (ID32) shows that the material is highly porous and the pores are fully filled with the discharge product Li2O2 which conducts to a capacity improvement. Impedance is utilized alongside with tomography data for a complementary understanding of the dominance between lithium ion and oxygen depletion during the discharge.The self-standing and flexible properties of such cathode even without polymer binder are beneficial for industrial application. We demonstrate the possibility of loading other particles with our approach. A gain of specific surface area for the deposition of lithium peroxide can be obtained with the loading at a price of the mechanical property detriment. Thereby, several percentages of loading are studied to obtain the best trade-off. Besides, bared carbon-nanotube framework with loaded particle trends to loss the structural stability. A sandwich-like structure is hence investigated for the efficiency of the particle confinement.Finally, our approach is highly eco-friendly. The solvent for nanotube dispersion can be reused after the filtration. And the aged cathode is entirely recyclable by proceeding a low-cost acid retreatment then ultrasonic re-dispersion. The impact of the recycling in terms of electrochemistry and pressure evolution have also been studied.Figure 1. (a) image of the homogeneous laid out cathode in a Buchner (b) SEM image of the intersection separator and cathode and (c) sandwich structure (d) electrochemical curve with pressure evolution Reference:(1) Abraham, K. M. A Polymer Electrolyte-Based Rechargeable Lithium/Oxygen Battery. Journal of The Electrochemical Society 1996, 143 (1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.1836378.(2) Su, Z.; De Andrade, V.; Cretu, S.; Yin, Y.; Wojcik, Michael. J.; Franco, Alejandro. A.; Demortière, A. X-Ray Nano-Computed Tomography in Zernike Phase Contrast for Study 3D Morphology of Li-O2 Battery Electrode. ACS Applied Energy Materials (submitted)(3) Cho, S. A.; Jang, Y. J.; Lim, H.-D.; Lee, J.-E.; Jang, Y. H.; Nguyen, T.-T. H.; Mota, F. M.; Fenning, D. P.; Kang, K.; Shao-Horn, Y.; et al. Hierarchical Porous Carbonized Co 3 O 4 Inverse Opals via Combined Block Copolymer and Colloid Templating as Bifunctional Electrocatalysts in Li-O 2 Battery. Advanced Energy Materials 2017, 7 (21), 1700391. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201700391.(4) Gaya, C.; Yin, Y.; Torayev, A.; Mammeri, Y.; Franco, A. A. Investigation of Bi-Porous Electrodes for Lithium Oxygen Batteries. Electrochimica Acta 2018, 279, 118–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2018.05.056. Figure 1

Innovating Binder Free Silicon Based Electrode is Promising Anode for Stable and Safer Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

Electrode based on the composition of Silicon & graphite is very attractive anode for the battery with cathode based on Sulfur. Both electrodes: based on Silicon for negative electrode and based on Sulfur for positive electrode have high level of energies. As result the materials balance for Silicon – Sulfur battery is more promising than, for example, for Silicon – LiCoO2 battery. As compare with the Li-Sulfur battery the battery with the Silicon based anode and the Sulfur based cathode is also greatly promising, especially from a safety point of view. This is because Silicon based anode don’t generate the dendrites during cycling, is safe and environmentally friendly unlike from Li. However unfortunately here is well-known the problem that is connected with destruction the Silicon based anode during cycling, because the volume of Silicon during charging dramatically increasing. For avoid these problem together the Dr. N Klyui (Kliui) and authors of this manuscript developed greatly advantaged process of the Gas Detonation Deposition - GDD (1) for production the binder-free Silicon based anode with high level of adhesion to the current lead, and high level of cohesion between the components of the particle the anode