Binary Mixtures Of Ethyl Acetate Research Articles

Excess Thermodynamic Properties of Ethyl Acetate with Primary Alcohols At 303.15 K

Densities (ρ) and sound velocity (u) for the binary mixtures of ethyl acetate with 1-methanol, 1- ethanol, 1- propanol, 1- butanol, 1-hexanol and 1-octanol were measured over the entire composition range at 303.15 K. From these data, excess molar volume (VE), isentropic compressibility (Ks ) and deviation in isentropic compressibility (ΔKs ) have been calculated with the Redlich-Kister Polynomial equation. The experimental data were discussed in terms of intermolecular interactions between component molecules.

Dielectric relaxation behaviour of ethyl acetate-xylene mixtures using time domain reflectometry

ABSTRACT Complex permittivity spectra were measured for the binary mixtures of Ethyl Acetate (EA) with Xylene using Time Domain Dielectric Spectroscopy (TDDS) for 11 concentrations at different temperatures in the frequency range from 10 MHz to 30 GHz. The values of static dielectric permittivity and relaxation time have been obtained by fitting complex permittivity spectra using least square fit method in Debye model. The observation of excess permittivity, excess relaxation time and Kirkwood correlation factor has been undertaken to study the behaviour of molecular structure in EA and Xylene using dielectric relaxation parameters.

Phase equilibria of binary mixtures with alkanes, ketones, and esters based on the Transferable Anisotropic Mie force field

The transferable anisotropic Mie potential (TAMie) force field is extended to acetates and formates. Intramolecular bending and torsion potentials were obtained from quantum chemical calculations. The parameters defining the Mie pair potential, representing the van der Waals interactions, as well as point charges were optimized. These force field parameters were optimized based on an objective function that considers vapor pressure and liquid density data of several members of one chemical group simultaneously. Like in earlier work, the parameterization is conducted using an analytic equation of state to locally approximate the objective function, ensuring swift convergence of the optimization problem. Acetates, from ethyl ester to n-pentyl ester, have average errors (AAD) of 0.9–6.9% in vapor pressure and of 0.4–0.7% in liquid densities. Formates, from ethyl formate to n-butyl formate have average errors of 2.0–4.2% in vapor pressure and 0.8–1.1% for liquid densities for reduced temperature ranges of T/Tc=0.56 to 0.96, where Tc is the critical temperature of the considered substance. For a binary mixture of ethyl acetate with n-hexane results of the TAMie force field are found in good agreement to experimental data. Because phase equilibrium data for esters with alkanes is scarce, we also investigate mixtures of ketones with alkanes. For mixtures of butanone with n-hexane and butanone with n-heptane, molecular simulations are in satisfying agreement to experimental data when Berthelot-Lorentz combining rules are employed. After adjusting corrections to the Berthelot combining rules the agreement of molecular simulations to experimental data is very good. Additionally to phase equilibria, we calculated excess properties for the mixture of hexane and butanone, which also show very promising results compared to experimental data.

Commentary concerning the “Measurement and correlation of the solubility of rivaroxaban (form I) in binary mixtures of ethyl acetate with tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, and N,N-dimethylacetamide from T = (278.15 to 318.15) K”

The published model coefficients of Zhang and co-workers [J. Chem. Thermodynamics 94 (2016) 1–6] were discussed for mathematically describing the solubility of rivaroxaban (form I) by using the Jouyban-Acree model in binary mixture of ethyl acetate with N,N-dimethylformamide and Buchowski (λh) equation in the three solvent mixtures. The published model coefficients fail to describe the mole fraction solubility as stated in the published paper. The model coefficients are re-analyzed by using the Jouyban-Acree model and Buchowski (λh) equation based on the authors’ experimental solubility data.

Solid liquid extraction of rice bran oil using binary mixture of ethyl acetate and dichloromethane

The aim of the study is to investigate the potentials of less hazardous, binary mixtures of ethyl acetate (EA) and dichloromethane (DCM) for rice bran oil recovery. Nine solvent mixtures are used with different volumetric ratios of EA/DCM ranging from 0.11 to 9. Solvent mixture with volumetric ratio of 4 (S8) has enabled the maximum oil recovery 88.04 %. The oil extraction yield is enhanced from 76.41 to 89.7 % by increasing the preheating temperature from 40 to 65?C. The other optimized parameters for enhanced oil recovery are: bran particle size <125 ?m (obtained with 120 mesh sieve), solvent to bran ratio of 5 mL/g, and stirring time of 15 min. The minimum stirring rate for preventing agglomeration in the mixture and optimized oil recovery is 80 rpm.

Conformational and dielectric relaxation studies on hydrogen bonded binary mixture of ethyl acetate in 1-butanol and 1-pentanol

ABSTRACTThe dielectric relaxation study for the hydrogen bonded binary system of polar liquid ethyl acetate in 1-butanol and 1-pentanol, has been carried out at 11 concentrations over the frequency range of 10 MHz to 20 GHz at 30°C using TDR. The least squares fit method has been used to obtain the static dielectric constant (ϵ0) and relaxation time (τ). By using dielectric parameters the excess permittivity (ϵE), excess inverses relaxation time (1/τ)E, Kirkwood Correlation factor (g) are also obtained to explore the hydrogen-bonded hetero-molecular interactions. Conformational analysis of the hydrogen bond between the two systems is supported by the FTIR spectra.

Assembly of particle-fiber composites by electrohydrodynamic jetting using counter-charged nozzles: Independent release control

The optimal design of an electrospun scaffold for tissue engineering is contingent on its functionality to mimic the native extracellular matrix (ECM) as much as possible. Using core-sheath particles for encapsulation, the scaffolds of particle-fiber hierarchical structures could play the dual roles of structural matrix and controlled delivery system of active ingredients. Herein, electrohydrodynamic jetting of countercharged nozzles was investigated to combine fibers and core-sheath particles based on the neutralization phenomenon between electrospun poly(l-lactide-co-d,l-lactide) fibers and electrosprayed poly(lactide-co-glycolide) particles. It was revealed that the key features of particle-fiber composites could be conveniently designed by controlling the composition of the binary mixture of ethyl acetate and benzaldehyde (BA) for electrospraying. With an increase in the BA concentration, the areal density of the particles on the fibers (degree of combination) increased threefold, and the total loading amount of lysozyme (model active ingredient) also increased threefold, while particle size and fiber diameter did not change significantly. The composites prepared from a high BA content case provided sustained release profiles, which are independent from the degradation kinetics of fibers, such that lysozyme could be released for more than a month. The use of a binary solvent mixture for this process seems to be an effective strategy for developing future functional scaffolds for tissue engineering.

Volumetric properties for binary mixtures of ethyl acetate, vinyl acetate and tert-butyl acetate with 1-propanol and iso-butanol at T = (293.15–313.15) K and P = 0.087 MPa

Based on density measurement, we appraised and reported partial molar volumes and thermal expansion coefficients along with their excess values for six binary mixtures of 1-propanol or iso-butanol with vinyl, ethyl and tert-butyl acetate. Temperature range was (293.15–313.15) K and whole range of composition at ambient pressure (0.087MPa) is considered. Results showed that excess molar volumes for all mixtures are positive and increased with temperature. Also the excess thermal expansion coefficients were positive and demonstrate small positive sensitivity to temperature change. Results are explained based on intermolecular interactions and also Redlich–Kister equations were fitted to excess molar volume data.

Measurement and correlation of the solubility of rivaroxaban (form I) in binary mixtures of ethyl acetate with tetrahydrofuran, N,N-dimethylformamide, and N,N-dimethylacetamide from T = (278.15 to 318.15) K

In this work, the solubility of rivaroxaban (form I) in binary solvent mixtures of ethyl acetate (EA) with N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) was firstly experimentally measured over the temperature range from (278.15 to 318.15)K. Then the measured solubility data were correlated with such semiempirical thermodynamic models as Jouyban–Acree (JA) equation and Buchowski (λh) equation. The crystal form of the residual solids in equilibrium with liquids was identified by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). The melting temperature and fusion enthalpy were determined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results show that, the solubility of rivaroxaban generally increases with the temperature and decreases with the increase in the content of EA in the binary solvent mixtures. Furthermore, when λh equation is used to correlate the solubility of rivaroxaban with the temperature in each solvent mixture, the average relative deviation (ARD) between the experimental and calculated values is about 0.0671, while it is about 0.0905 when JA equation is employed to correlate the solubility with the temperature and the composition of solvent mixtures simultaneously.

Liquid–Liquid Equilibrium in Mixtures Containing Propane-1,2,3-triol and Mixtures Containing Vegetable Oils at Atmospheric Pressure

Mutual solubility of propane-1,2,3-triol with pentane, hexane, heptane, or ethyl acetate and mutual solubility between different vegetable oils (sunflower oil, soybean oil, corn oil, and olive oil) with methanol or ethanol have been reported at temperatures ranging from (298.2 to 348.2) K and atmospheric pressure. Furthermore, the binodal curves for ethyl acetate + methanol or ethanol + propane-1,2,3-triol at (303.2, 313.2, and 323.2) K have been explored. A higher solubility has been found in the system containing ethanol than the system containing methanol. The GCA-EoS model has been used to represent these mixtures. The distribution coefficient of alcohol and the selectivity of propane-1,2,3-triol in the ternary mixture of ethyl acetate + methanol or ethanol + propane-1,2,3-triol have been evaluated by GCA-EoS model. These results indicate a more effective use of propane-1,2,3-triol as separation agent by liquid–liquid extraction in the binary mixture of ethyl acetate + methanol than ethyl acetate + ethanol. On the other hand, regarding the mixtures containing vegetable oil, the mutual solubility of alcohol in the phase rich in vegetable oil is bigger than the mutual solubility of vegetable oil in the phase rich in alcohol.

Vapor–liquid equilibria for ethyl acetate + methanol and ethyl acetate + ethanol mixtures: Experimental verification and prediction

This work aims of the determination of a series of vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE) experimental data at low pressure (70kPa) for binary mixtures of ethyl acetate with methanol and ethanol. The Fischer's ebulliometer was used for the measurements of VLE data. A complete series of equilibrium data was obtained such as pressure, temperature and compositions of the liquid and vapor phases (PTxy). The two VLE data sets were submitted to a thermodynamic consistence test, where the deviations were evaluated in all variables, using the UNIQUAC activity coefficient equation. The magnitude of the average deviations was within the experimental uncertainty satisfying the Gibbs–Duhen equation. The data sets were also used to test the prediction of the UNIFAC model in its original and modified editions and the results were also within experimental uncertainties. Then a series of binary systems containing alcohols (methanol and ethanol) and esters (methyl and ethyl acetate) were collected from the literature for testing systematically the capability of the UNIFAC contribution method for this type of mixtures.

Vacuum membrane distillation to remove ethyl acetate from aqueous solutions

Water pollution of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) was a serious environment problem. Vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) was an environmental friendly membrane separation technology to treat VOCs wastewater. Aqueous binary mixtures of ethyl acetate were treated by VMD process. Comparisons were made between different membrane modules for investigating the influence of channel on the membrane separation performance. Three kinds of channel presented different useful area, shape, width, and depth. The arc flow channel was more easier to reduce resistance than square flow channel. Operation parameters influencing flux and separation performance were examined: feed-flow rate, feed concentration, vacuum degree, and feed temperature. Vacuum degree and feed temperature had more significant influence on membrane flux and separation factor than other parameters. The effect of membrane type on separation properties was also investigated, the smaller pore membrane was better for increasing the separation factor. Three membrane modules with various channels were used for experiments. VMD is very suitable for low concentration of aqueous solution VOC separation and better experimental separation performance could be obtained.

Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium at 350 K, Excess Molar Enthalpies at 298 K, and Excess Molar Volumes at 298 K of Binary Mixtures Containing Ethyl Acetate, Butyl Acetate, and 2-Butanol

Vapor–liquid equilibrium (VLE), excess molar enthalpies (HE), and excess molar volumes (VE) provide means of developing accurate thermodynamic models. In this work, new data of binary mixtures of ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and 2-butanol are reported. Isothermal VLE data at 350 K were measured by using a circulation still for ethyl acetate + 2-butanol, for 2-butanol + butyl acetate, and for ethyl acetate + butyl acetate. HE was measured at 298 K by using a SETARAM C80 calorimeter equipped with a flow mixing cell. VE was measured at 298 K by using an Anton Paar DMA 512P densimeter. Liquid phase activity coefficients of the Wilson model and vapor phase fugacities of the Hayden–O’Connell correlation were regressed for a thermodynamic model based on the measured data. Model extrapolation agreed well with literature data. Redlich–Kister equation parameters were regressed by using only the measured VE data.

Nanostructure Copper‐exchanged ZSM‐5 Catalytic Activity for Conversion of Volatile Organic Compounds (Toluene and Ethyl Acetate)

AbstractGas phase catalytic oxidation of ethyl acetate and toluene was examined over copper modified ZSM‐5 catalysts under atmospheric pressure. Nanostructure of ZSM‐5 was characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM techniques. Elemental composition of ZSM‐5 was determined using EDX, ICP‐AES and XPS techniques. Results of catalytic studies showed better catalytic activity of Cu‐ZSM‐5 catalysts than those of parent ZSM‐5 and HZSM‐5, which revealed catalytic role of copper ions in the Cu‐ZSM‐5 catalysts. Effects of some parameters over catalytic conversion of these compounds were also studied. Ethyl acetate showed more reactivity than toluene over the Cu‐ZSM‐5 catalysts. Furthermore, the catalytic activity of Cu‐ZSM‐5 catalysts increased with increasing the copper loadings. The conversion behavior of a binary mixture of ethyl acetate and toluene was different from that of a single form. A promotive and inhibitive behavior was observed for conversion of ethyl acetate and toluene in the binary mixture, respectively. Water vapor as co‐feed had an inhibitive effect on conversion of organic compounds over the Cu‐ZSM‐5 catalysts.

Phase Equilibria of the Azeotropic Mixture Hexane + Ethyl Acetate with Ionic Liquids at 298.15 K

This work reports the results of a study on the use of the two ionic liquids as an extraction solvent in the separation of the azeotropic mixture of hexane with ethyl acetate. Experimental densities, speeds of sound, and refractive indices of the binary mixtures of ethyl acetate + hexane or + 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (HMIM PF6) were determined from (293.15 to 303.15) K, since they are necessary to determine liquid−liquid equilibria. Excess molar volumes, changes of refractive index on mixing, and deviations in isentropic compressibility for the above systems were calculated. Liquid−liquid equilibria (LLE) were determined for the ternary systems hexane + ethyl acetate + HMIM PF6 or 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (OMIM PF6) at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure. The values of selectivity and distribution ratio were derived from the tie-line data. Experimental liquid−liquid equilibria data were correlated with the NRTL and UNIQUAC equations. These equations were verified to accurately correlate the experimental data.

Density, Refractive Index, Speed of Sound at 298.15 K, and Vapor−Liquid Equilibria at 101.3 kPa for Binary Mixtures of Ethyl Acetate + Ethyl Lactate and Methyl Acetate + Ethyl Lactate

Densities, refractive indices, speeds of sound, and isentropic compressibility at 298.15 K and isobaric vapor−liquid equilibria data at 101.3 kPa were reported for the binary mixtures ethyl acetate + ethyl lactate and methyl acetate + ethyl lactate. Excess molar volumes, refractive index deviations, changes of speed of sound, and changes of isentropic compressibility on mixing were calculated from the measurement results that were fitted with Redlich−Kister polynomials. VLE experimental data were tested for thermodynamic consistency by means of Dechema test and were demonstrated to be consistent. The activity coefficients were correlated with the Margules, van Laar, UNIQUAC, NRTL, and Wilson equations. The ASOG model also was used for prediction.

Ultrasonic studies of the binary mixtures of ethyl acetate and cresols—application of Kosower and Dimroth treatments

The ultrasonic velocity ( ν) studies were carried out at a frequency of 2 MHz (transducer of x-cut quartz crystal) using ultrasonic pulse echo system (model UX4400-M) on cresols in ethyl acetate at constant temperature of 311 K. The values of internal pressure ( π i) and molar free volume ( V f) were calculated from measured values of ultrasonic velocity ( ν), viscosity ( η) and density ( ρ). An attempt is made to rationalize the ultrasonic velocity ( ν), internal pressure ( π i) and free volume ( V f) of binary mixtures using Kosower solvent parameter ( Z), Dimroth solvent parameter ( E T) and Dielectric constant ( ∈). It is found that there is linear correlation between ultrasonic velocity and acidity constant pk −1 a, indicating the dependence of acidity. Correlation of Ksower and Dimroth parameters with ultrasonic velocity confirms that solvent polarity is an important factor in the variation of ultrasonic velocity in the present investigation.

Density, Refractive Index, and Speed of Sound at 298.15 K and Vapor−Liquid Equilibria at 101.3 kPa for Binary Mixtures of Ethyl Acetate + 1-Pentanol and Ethanol + 2-Methyl-1-propanol

Densities, refractive indices, and speeds of sound at 298.15 K and isobaric vapor−liquid equilibria (VLE) data at 101.3 kPa were reported for the binary mixtures containing ethyl acetate + 1-pentan...

Binary solvent mixtures: characterization of molecular environments through multiparametric empirical scales. Concerns about relationships between kinetic data and microscopic solvent properties

The microscopic solvent properties dipolarity/polarizability SPP, basicity SB and acidity SA were determined for binary mixtures of ethyl acetate with chloroform or acetonitrile or methanol as cosolvent. Each solvent system was analyzed according to its deviation from ideal behavior due to the preferential solvation phenomenon. The results were related to the dipolarity/polarizability π*, basicity β and acidity α evaluating, in each case, the concordance between both multiparametric scales. The solvent properties were correlated with the kinetic properties corresponding to a nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction through linear free energy relationships. The adequacy of the multiparametric scales as appropriate approaches to describe the solvent features in microscopic environments was analyzed.

Densities and Viscosities for Ethyl Acetate + Pentan-1-ol, + Hexan-1-ol, + 3,5,5-Trimethylhexan-1-ol, + Heptan-1-ol, + Octan-1-ol, and + Decan-1-ol at (298.15, 303.15, and 308.15) K

Densities (ρ) and viscosities (η) have been measured at (298.15, 303.15, and 308.15) K for binary mixtures of ethyl acetate with pentan-1-ol, hexan-1-ol, 3,5,5-trimethylhexan-1-ol, heptan-1-ol, octan-1-ol, and decan-1-ol. From these, molar excess volume (VE) and deviation in viscosity (Δη) have been computed and fitted to the Redlich−Kister polynomial.