Bilateral Internal Carotid Artery Hypoplasia Research Articles

Monocular central retinal artery occlusion caused by bilateral internal carotid artery hypoplasia complicated with patent foramen ovale: a case report and review of literature

BackgroundCentral retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is an emergent ophthalmic disease which is commonly caused by atherosclerosis, thromboembolism, and arteriospasm. Here, we report a case of CRAO which is caused by extreme rare bilateral internal carotid artery (ICA) hypoplasia complicated with patent foramen ovale (PFO). The cardiogenic emboli blocked central retinal artery through unclosed foramen ovale and specific blood flow pathway.Case presentationThis report describes a case of a 46-year-old woman sudden onset with amaurosis fugax for about 20 min and persistent visual impairment of left eye. Fundus fluorescein angiography shows the arm-retinal circulation time of left eye is 25 s, indicating that the occlusion occurs in the pathway from aortic arch to ophthalmic artery. The MRA and CTA examinations reveal the bilateral ICA hypoplasia and variation of Wills circle. Furthermore, transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) confirms the PFO and cardiogenic embolic event.ConclusionsThis work presents a CRAO case caused by rare congenital hypoplasia of ICA complicated with PFO, reminding us every single cause of vascular disease should be investigated carefully and the TOAST typing of cerebrovascular disease can be of great reference to the ocular vascular disease.

Bilateral Internal Carotid Artery Hypoplasia in Asymptomatic Patient. Case Report

Bilateral Internal Carotid Artery Hypoplasia in Asymptomatic Patient. Case Report

Bilateral hypoplasia of the internal carotid artery, presenting as a subarachnoid hemorrhage secondary to intracranial aneurysmal formation: a case report

IntroductionHypoplasia of the internal carotid artery is a rare congenital anomaly, with only 24 cases of bilateral internal carotid artery hypoplasia reported to date. Here, we present the case of a 48-year-old woman with bilateral internal carotid artery hypoplasia. She had a collateral circulation through the vertebrobasilar system; however given the high pressure flow she developed aneurysmal formations in the posterior communicating artery. To the best of our knowledge, only seven reported cases of internal carotid artery hypoplasia have been associated with intracranial aneurysmal formations.Case presentationA 48-year-old Sindhi woman from Karachi, Pakistan, presented to our emergency room with a sudden onset headache and was diagnosed as having a subarachnoid hemorrhage. Digital subtraction angiography revealed hypoplasia of her internal carotid artery bilaterally with an associated fusiform aneurysm of the posterior communicating artery. Our patient declined any operative intervention in view of the associated risks. She died of a rebleed six weeks after her initial presentation.ConclusionBilateral internal carotid artery occlusions can present with subarachnoid hemorrhages due to associated intracranial aneurysm formation. Prior knowledge about the possible existence of such angioarchitectural arrangement is mandatory for an early diagnosis. However, even with prompt diagnosis, management options with acceptable risk-benefit equations are still unavailable.

Multiple basilar trunk aneurysms and bilateral internal carotid artery hypoplasia

We describe a case of a 32-year-old woman with bilateral hypoplastic internal carotid arteries who presented with subarachnoid haemorrhage and was found to have two basilar trunk aneurysms. Carotid angiography showed that both internal carotid arteries were narrowed at their origin and terminated at the cervical segment. Vertebral angiography demonstrated a dilated vertebrobasilar system which supplied sufficient blood flow for both cerebral hemispheres through the posterior communicating arteries. The patient was successfully treated by multiple operations.

Bilateral carotid vertebrobasilar rete mirabile. Case report.

✓ A case of bilateral internal carotid artery hypoplasia with bilateral carotid rete mirabile is described in which the intracranial circulation was fed predominantly by external carotid anastomosis, the vertebrobasilar system, and the internal carotid system.