Bikaner District Of Rajasthan Research Articles

Determination of sero-prevalence of brucellosis in sheep (Ovis aries) in Bikaner district of Rajasthan

Determination of sero-prevalence of brucellosis in sheep (Ovis aries) in Bikaner district of Rajasthan

A Comprehensive Analysis of the Wool Supply Chain in Bikaner District of Rajasthan

The study, conducted in the year 2023, investigates the wool supply chain in Rajasthan’s Bikaner district, focusing on marketing methods, challenges, financial viability, and potential improvements. It examines the preferred marketing channels of local farmers, highlights persistent problems, conducts a cost-benefit analysis, and suggests a more efficient supply chain model. Through surveys and interviews, utilizing a multistage sampling technique, data was collected from key stakeholders, including wool producers, traders, processors, and government officials. The findings show that most farmers prefer to sell their wool at wool markets, where they have direct access to buyers. However, challenges such as price fluctuations, delayed payments, and complicated middleman processes continue to affect their earnings. The cost-benefit analysis confirms that wool production in the region is financially sound, with a benefit-cost ratio of 1.38 and a quick payback period of around 1.09 years. To address these issues, a proposed supply chain model, “Producers-Cooperatives-Online Marketplace-Processors-Retailer-Consumer,” was developed, which aims to simplify intermediary problems, strengthen farmers’ bargaining power, open new markets, and increase transparency.

Prevalence of enterotoxaemia in sheep in Bikaner district of Rajasthan

Prevalence of enterotoxaemia in sheep in Bikaner district of Rajasthan

Statistical Analysis of Growth and Installation Cost of Sprinkler Irrigation System in Bikaner District of Rajasthan, India

Aims: The aim of this study is to assess the growth and economic feasibility of sprinkler irrigation systems in water-stressed regions, specifically Rajasthan and India, to promote sustainable agriculture and mitigate water scarcity challenges.
 Study Design: Mixed-Methods study design.
 Methodology: The study analyzes time series data from 2005 to 2022 to estimate the Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) for the area under sprinkler irrigation system in Rajasthan and India. This research also investigates the economic feasibility of sprinkler irrigation systems in Bikaner district of Rajasthan, India, where water resources are limited. SPSS 16.0 was used to perform the statistical analysis.
 Results: The findings reveal a significant growth in sprinkler-irrigated areas in both regions. The research findings reveal significant CAGR values of 27.9 per cent for Rajasthan and 18.6 per cent for India, highlighting the growing acceptance and importance of sprinkler irrigation system. The 2-inch sprinkler system emerges as the most feasible choice, with a short payback period, high net present worth, internal rate of return, and benefit-cost ratio.
 Conclusion: The research underscores the significance of sprinkler irrigation system technologies in enhancing water-use efficiency, agricultural productivity, and rural livelihoods. Policy recommendations are provided to promote the adoption of water-efficient irrigation practices in combating water scarcity and achieving sustainable agriculture.

Performance evaluation of solar tunnel dryer and electric tray dryer for drying date palm fruit (Pheonix dactylifera L.) in arid region of Rajasthan

Date palm (P. dactylifera, L.) is an important fruit of arid and semi-arid regions.In Western Rajasthan the dates are harvested in the month of July-August but preferred to eat during winter months, so it becomes necessary to dry and store the fruits at least for 4 to 6 months. The use of an appropriate temperature for drying of dates is quite crucial as a higher temperature may encourage case hardening, caramelization and a higher hygroscopicity; whereas a lower temperature would be insufficient to remove significant moisture leading to a clumpy powder. Farmers generally dry the dates in open sun. This traditional uncontrolled drying method is unhygienic and required more time, also weather dependent, so alternate economical methods are being tested in the region by the scientists and the farmers for drying of dates in the form of Pind. The paper deals with the performance of solar tunnel dryer and electric tray dryer installed at the farmer’s field in Bikaner district of Rajasthan. The results reveal the drying time of Medjool date palm fruits in solar tunnel dryer and electric tray dryer.

Attitude of Clusterbean Growers Toward Use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs)

ICTs can be broadly interpreted as technologies that facilitate communication and transmission of information by electronic means. In this study ICTs is operationalised as the use of communication devices or applications by the farmers encompassing mobile phone, Internet, Kisan Call Centres for obtaining information. ICTs can make agriculture more remunerative and a fruitful occupation by providing latest information. It saves money, time and eff orts and reduces dependency on so many factors in the chain of extension. The present study was conducted in Bikaner district of Rajasthan in year 2018 on 80 registered farmers (Users) on one of the ICT portal “mkisan.com” through Agriculture Research Station, Bikaner and 80 non-users. The sample was selected from three tehsils of Bikaner district namely Bikaner, Nokha and Kolayat out of total eight tehsils because these three tehsils having highest number of registered farmers under ICT portal “mkisan.com” and having good area under Clusterbean crop. Further two villages from each tehsil were selected and made a total sample size of 160.The study revealed that 93.75 percent users were found in moderately favourable to more favourable attitude. While 92.50 percent of non-users had moderately favourable to less favourable attitude towards use of ICTs.

Camel dairy related characteristics of farmers in Bikaner district of Rajasthan

Camel dairy related characteristics of farmers in Bikaner district of Rajasthan

Off-season vegetable cultivation under low tunnel technology in Bikaner District of Rajasthan: An economic analysis

The arid western part of Rajasthan is well known for Indian segment of the Thar Desert. The hot arid regions of India cover 31.7 million hectares, with the majority of the area (61.9%) located in Rajasthan. In Rajasthan, the region is spread over 12 districts including Bikaner. The region is characterized by harsh climatic conditions. In such a situation, protected structures like low tunnels play an important role in vegetable cultivation. Off-season cultivation under protected structures is one of the ways to fulfill demand for vegetables. Although technology can make available better quality vegetable produce around the year but, at the same time it should be economically feasible for the farmers too. The present study was conducted to examine the economics of off-season vegetable cultivation under low tunnel technology in the Bikaner district of Rajasthan. The cost concepts given by Commission for Agricultural Cost and Prices (CACP) were used to calculate the cost of cultivation. Major cucurbits viz bottle gourd, ridge gourd, watermelon, muskmelon, long melon were selected for the study.

Awareness of Rural and Urban Youth Towards Female Foeticide

The present study was conducted in Bikaner district of Rajasthan, India during November 2019–May 2020 to assess the awareness of rural and urban youth towards female foeticide and to find out the relationship of socio-economic characteristics of respondents with their awareness in Bikaner district of Rajasthan, India. Two panchayat samiti were selected based on highest sex ratio i.e., Sridungargarh and lowest sex ratio i.e., Kolayat. Bikaner city was divided into two zone i.e., east, and west. Out of them one ward was selected randomly from each zone i.e., ward number 60 was from east zone and ward number 44 was from west zone. A total of 200 respondents were selected for the study purpose. Questionnaire method was used for collecting data from the respondents. The result showed that all the respondents knew about the meaning of female foeticide, sex of the foetus could be determined before birth, female foeticide affects the society and repetitive abortion was hazardous to health of the female. The 25% respondents knew about overall sex ratio of Rajasthan and father was responsible for the sex of the child, 22% mother was responsible and only 14.5% of the respondents were aware about law related to PC- PNDT and MTP Act. The result showed that the 64% of the respondents had medium awareness level, while 21 and 15% of the respondents had low and high level of awareness about female foeticide.

Assessing the Factors Influencing Adoption of Weather Based Crop & Location Specific Advisories Service

The study was conducted in Bikaner district of Rajasthan. It considers the set of factors that influence the farmers in adoption of information provided by Gramin Krishi Mausam Seva. Probit adoption model was employed to understand the adoption behaviour of farmers. Probit model gives direction of the effect of independent variable on the dependent variables, so we obtained the actual magnitude of the change of probabilities through marginal effect. The results reveal that education level, age, farming experience, income and farm size were the significant factors that influence the adoption of GKMS to access agricultural information. The probability of adoption GKMS to access agricultural information increases with increasing of educational level, age, farming experience, income and farm size. Income is significant but has negative impact on the adoption of GKMS, as income increase, the probability of adoption of GKMS found to decreases.

Assessment of Constraints Faced by Farm Women in Adaptation Strategies towards Climate Change

The present study was conducted in Bikaner district of Rajasthan during 2020–21 to identify constraint faced by farm women in adaptation strategies towards climate change. The district is surrounded by Sri Ganganagar district to the North and lies in the Thar Desert. The study was conducted with sample size of 280 farm women. A total of two Panchayat Samities were selected by lottery method i.e., Khajuwala and Kolayat. Thus, a total of four Gram Panchayats was selected for the study. Further, two villages from each Gram Panchayat were selected by simple random sampling method. Hence, a total of eight villages were selected for the present study purpose. Further, Thirty five farm women from each (eight) villages will be selected for the final sample size of the study through random sampling. The primary data was collected personally with the help of an interview schedule which was prepared to identify the socio-economic characteristics, communication characteristics and constraints. Ranking method was used based on percentage of the constraints for the analysis of data. Overall twenty six constraints were listed out. The results of the present study revealed the major constraints faced by farm women which were inadequate/ limited knowledge concerning climate change and adaptation measures and lack of access to weather forecasting technology (Rank I), Lack of training programs on adaptation to climate programs (Rank II), Lack of knowledge about government policies/programs and poor extension services related to climate change assigned Rank III.

Occurrence of Cercospora leaf spot of Mothbean (Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) in Bikaner District of Rajasthan

An Intensive survey was conducted in three tehsil of Bikaner district during 2019 kharif season to know the severity of Cercospora leaf spot disease of mothbean. Higher severity of leaf spot was observed in Gusainsar village of Bikaner tehsil (32.65%) during survey, followed by Norangdesar village of Bikaner tehsil (28.72%) and least in Parwa village of Nokha tehsil (21.28%).

Cost and returns of milk production in selected arid district of Rajasthan

The significance of the sector further increase in arid western Rajasthan where frequent droughts are the primary concern. Milch animals are kept as farming household from very long time in India. The Bikaner district of Rajasthan is selected for the study purposively as it is having largest cattle population and another reason for selecting the district is that if has higher indigenous cattle population in the area is second largest enterprise after crop production. Predetermined samples of 180 farmers, selected farmers were categorized into small, medium and large herd-size categories using cumulative square root frequency method. It was evaluated region wise cost of concentrate of indigenous cows; green fodder and total feed cost per day per indigenous cow were highest for canal irrigated region causing highest variable cost also. Due to good feed, the returns were highest in the area. It was found by the perusal of result that per litre cost of milk production was highest for unirrigated region followed by canal irrigated region and least by tube well irrigated region but average per day milk production and net return per day per buffalo was highest on tube well irrigated region followed by canal irrigated region and least unirrigated region, respectively.

Attitude of Farmers towards Groundnut Cultivation in Bikaner District of Rajasthan

The National Mission on Oilseed and Oil Palm (NMOOP) in India aims to increase oilseed and oil palm production and productivity by converting fallow lands to oilseed cropsand diversifying regions away from low-yielding cereals. It plans to improve vegetable oilavailability and reduce edible oil imports by increasing oilseed production and productivityfrom 29.79 million tons and 1122 kg/ha in the 12th plan period to 36.10 million tons and1290 kg/ha by the end of 2019-20. The study, aimed to explore respondents’ opinionstowards groundnut cultivation was conducted on 80 beneficiary farmers of NMOOP and80 non-beneficiaries. Groundnut growers, accounting for 11.24 percent, had a less favorableattitude toward groundnut cultivation whereas, 69.38 per cent of respondents fell into themoderately favorable category. It was noted that the both category of respondents hadfavorable attitude towards the interventions of groundnut cultivation.

Impact of growth of groundwater irrigated area on cropping intensity and crop productivity in Bikaner district of Rajasthan

Impact of growth of groundwater irrigated area on cropping intensity and crop productivity in Bikaner district of Rajasthan

In vitro antibacterial activity of extracts of Dalbergia sissoo and Aegle marmelos against Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli from calves

Neonatal calf diarrhoea (NCD) is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in pre-weaned dairy calves, causing huge economic and productivity losses to dairy industry worldwide. Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) is one of the important causes of neonatal diarrhoea and high mortality in very young calves. Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) leaves and Bael (Aegle marmelous) unripe fruit have been used in diarrhoea and dysentery with very good results. Hence the present study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of the aqueous and methanolic extract of Dalbergia sissoo and Aegle marmelos against 16 E. coli isolated from colibacillosis affected diarrhoeic calves in Bikaner district of Rajasthan. The average zones of inhibitions of aqueous extract of Aegle marmelos and methanolic extract of Dalbergia sissoo against E. coli were 23.75±0.34 mm, 18.75±0.32 mm, 16.5±0.24 mm, 11.58 ±0.14 mm and 7.88±0.24 mm at concentrations of 1000 mg/ml, 500 mg/ml, 250 mg/ml 125 mg/ml and 62.5 mg/ml, respectively. The average zones of inhibition of aqueous extract of Dalbergia sissoo and methanolic extract of Aegle marmelos against E. coli were 24.75±0.20 mm, 19.87±0.34 mm, 17.25±0.24mm, 12.86±0.13 mm and 8.50±0.14 mm at concentrations of 1000 mg/ml, 500 mg/ml, 250 mg/ml 125 mg/ml and 62.5 mg/ml, respectively. The maximum zone of inhibition was reported by aqueous extract of Dalbergia sissoo and methanolic extract of Aegle marmelos (>24 mm of diameter) at concentration of 1000 mg/ml. Based on average zone of inhibition, the in vitro antibacterial activity of aqueous extract of Dalbergia sissoo and methanolic extract of Aegle marmelos was found to be more against E. coli as compared to aqueous extract of Aegle marmelos and methanolic extract of Dalbergia sissoo at varying concentrations. In conclusion, both combination of aqueous and methanolic extract of Dalbergia sissoo and Aegle marmelos showed in vitro antibacterial properties against E. coli.

Knowledge of rural women regarding health and nutrition practices in Bikaner district of Rajasthan, India

The present study was conducted in Bikaner district. There are six panchayat samitis out of which Bikaner Panchayat Samiti was selected. Out of thirty one Gram Panchayat in Bikaner Panchayat Samiti four Gram Panchayat were selected namely Kilchoo Deodan, Ridmalsarpurohitan, Palana and Nalbari. One village from each selected Gram Panchayat was selected on the basis of random sampling technique. Thus, four villages were selected for the present investigation (Surdhanachauhanan, Raisar, Palana, Nalbari). A sample of one twenty rural women in the age group 15-45 years (30 rural women from each village). Interview Schedule was developed to collect the data regarding health and nutrition knowledge of rural women. The major findings of the present study revealed that in general information majority of the respondents belonged to middle age group, educated upto primary, belonged to 4001-6000/- monthly income group, nuclear family system, other backward caste, involved in agriculture occupation, had above 2.1-5 hectare of land holding, no membership of social organization, no participated in training programme and medium level of mass media contact, urban contact and extension contact. The overall knowledge of the rural women was medium. Out of eight aspects of health and nutrition the knowledge about the aspect of ‘Basics of foods and nutrition’ and ‘Environmental hygiene’ were ranked first with overall mean per cent score. On the basis of these findings it could be concluded that health and nutrition knowledge of rural women was medium.

Grassroots farmers’ perceptions on climate change and adaptation in arid region of Rajasthan

Understanding farmers’ perspectives to climate change and adaptation is essential in designing effective and informed strategies to combat the associated vulnerability. The study assessed farmers’ perceptions to changing climatic conditions, their impacts, adaptation measures and constraints to adaptation in Bikaner district of Rajasthan. Our results showed that farmers perceived change in the distribution of rainfall, rise in temperature, increase in frequency of heat waves and droughts in the region. Further, degradation of common property resources, uncertainty in crop yields, increased soil salinity, farm unemployment and reduction in consumption were some of the potential non-climatic impacts as perceived by the farmers. As climate adaptation measures, farmers resorted to disease/heat tolerant varieties, plant protection chemicals and water conservation techniques. Moreover, lack of access to institutional credit, poorly defined property rights, inadequate infrastructure and information gaps were some of the major barriers to climate adaptation in the region. The study provides a useful guide for identifying region-specific issues and implementable adaptation strategies. Policy actions are needed in creating awareness, improving climate information services and development of infrastructure for climate resilient farming.

English

English

Effect of feeding management practices on water intake in Tharparkar and Rathi cattle of Indian hot arid zone

The present study was conducted to assess the effects of grazing and stall feeding on water intake in Tharparkar and Rathi cattle in their native tract of hot arid zone. Lactating cattle (Tharparkar 10; Rathi 10) and heifers (Tharparkar 10; Rathi 10) of each breed were divided into two groups, forming grazing and stall-fed group at Jodhpur and Bikaner districts of Rajasthan. Observations were recorded for water intake, dry matter intake and milk yield in the morning and afternoon regularly, twice weekly for six weeks during each season (summer, winter and rainy) continuously for two years. Water intake in lactating cows and heifers of both the breeds followed the pattern of THI during summer season. Rathi cows had higher water intake/kg W0.75 than Tharparakar cows, however, Tharparkar heifers had higher water intake/kg W0.75 than Rathi heifers. Grazing Rathi cows had significantly higher water intake than stall-fed cows. Study revealed that Tharparkar cows had lesser water intake per kg W0.75 and per kg milk yield basis; however, Rathi heifers had lesser water intake per kg W0.75 basis in their native tract.