Big Cities In China Research Articles

Analysis of tourist flow prediction model of rural tourism on the edge of big cities in China

Introduction: With the adoption of the rural rehabilitation strategy in recent years, China’s rural tourist industry has entered a golden age of growth. Due to the lack of management and decision-support systems, many rural tourist attractions in China experience a “tourist overload” problem during minor holidays or Golden Week, an extended vacation of seven or more consecutive days in mainland China formed by transferring holidays during a specific holiday period. This poses a severe challenge to tourist attractions and relevant management departments. Objective: This study aims to summarize the elements influencing passenger flow by examining the features of rural tourist attractions outside China’s largest cities. Additionally, the study will investigate the variations in the flow of tourists. Method: Grey Model (1,1) is a first-order, single-variable differential equation model used for forecasting trends in data with exponential growth or decline, particularly when dealing with small and incomplete datasets. Four prediction algorithms—the conventional GM(1,1) model, residual time series GM(1,1) model, single-element input BP neural network model, and multi-element input BP network model—were used to anticipate and assess the passenger flow of scenic sites. Result: The multi-input BP neural network model and residual time series GM(1,1) model have significantly higher prediction accuracy than the conventional GM(1,1) model and unit-input BP neural network model. A multi-input BP neural network model and the residual time series GM(1,1) model were used in tandem to develop a short-term passenger flow warning model for rural tourism in China’s outskirts. Conclusion: This model can guide tourists to staggered trips and alleviate the problem of uneven allocation of tourism resources.

Scale effect on the relationship between urban landscape patterns and land surface temperature

Great efforts have been made to examine the linkages between land surface temperature (LST) and urban landscape patterns (ULPs), which, however, focus on a single spatial scale and linear relationships. This study aims to examine the influence range of four key ULP indicators on LST, namely sky view factor (SVF) and three indices of built-up area, greens, and blue spaces. The analyses are conducted at street block level in 38 big cities in China, and leverage a multiscalar approach to investigate change patterns of indicators within multiple buffer zones and identify the buffer distance that yields the greatest influence. Results reveal that (1) the greatest local impacts are produced within 0−150 m buffer zones in most cities for all key ULP metrics; (2) the maximum impacts of most indicators in summer are greater than other seasons; and (3) the influence magnitude of key ULP indicators increase after considering scale effect, and the influence of SVF varies significantly across cities. Results suggest that the consideration of maximum influence ranges of ULP indicators can better explain LST spatial variations. Our findings offer evidence on the local impact of ULPs on LST and contribute to urban design in urban heat mitigation.

Chemical characteristics and formation mechanisms of PM2.5 during wintertime in two cities with different industrial structures in the Sichuan Basin, China

PM2.5 remains one of the critical pollutants involving regional and complex air pollution in many big cities of China, and its improvement has become sluggish in recent years. In this study, we collected PM2.5 samples from two cities, Chengdu and Ya'an, which have different industrial structures in the Sichuan basin during wintertime and investigated the reasons behind their severe PM2.5 pollution. Throughout the entire sampling period, the average PM2.5 concentrations in Chengdu (71.3 ± 24.8 μg/m3) and Ya'an (72.6 ± 27.1 μg/m3) were similar. However, the chemical compositions of PM2.5 showed significant differences. Chengdu exhibited higher concentrations of water-soluble inorganic ions, whereas Ya'an had higher levels of carbonaceous compounds. Both cities experienced an ammonium-rich environment, which promoted the homogeneous generation of secondary pollutants. Moreover, as PM2.5 pollution worsened, the influence of heterogeneous reactions involving SO2 and NOx, as well as the heterogeneous hydrolysis of N2O5, gradually became more pronounced in particle formation. Additionally, adverse meteorological conditions facilitated pollutant accumulation in Ya'an. Using the Positive Matrix Factorization model, we identified 5 sources of PM2.5. The primary source of PM2.5 in both cities was secondary formation (35.4% in Chengdu and 32.5% in Ya'an), while their second-largest contributors varied (26.2% from vehicle emission in Chengdu, and 26.6% from combustion source in Ya'an). These discrepancies highlight the necessity for tailored government interventions, particularly during the winter season. By analyzing the light absorption of the carbonaceous at 370 nm, we discovered that brown carbon was the primary absorber of near-ultraviolet light, with vehicle emissions accounting for the largest portion in Chengdu (37.2%) and combustion emissions being the predominant factor in Ya'an (51.0%). These results could potentially help for having a long-term impact on climate change by simultaneously reducing PM2.5 pollution.

Migrants Subjective Well-being in Big Cities of China: Based on Self-rating Social Status and Social Integration

Promoting subject well-being of migrants could give full play to the advantages of talent's resource. Social position and social inclusion of migrants could be the key to pursue a people-centered, new type of urbanization and bring about rural migrants settling in cities. There is a lack of studies focusing on social comparison and social inclusion of migrants with the point of geographical features. Using the data collected from China Migrants Dynamic Survey in 2014, the relations among object socioeconomic status and self-rating social status as well as subject well-being of migrants in one municipal district and seven prefecture-level cities of China was examined by adopting multilevel linear regression model, which includes both mediating variables and moderating variables. Several conclusions are drawn as follows: 1) Migrants subjective well-being is affected by their objective socioeconomic status. Whilst migrants comparing themselves with local relatives and colleagues, as we call it self-rating social status, plays a part in mediating relations between object socioeconomic status and subject well-being, especially when the object socioeconomic status refers to migrants household monthly income, certain types of occupations (including civil servants, clerks and the self-rated) and homeowners in the host city. 2) When compared their socioeconomic status with locals in the host cities, including economic status and respect for themselves, the deeper the migrants are merging into cities and social networks, the weaker the relationship between self-rating social status and subjective well-being will be. In other words, social inclusion among migrants do negatively regulates the relations above. 3) However, there is no evidence that the higher the acceptance degree of local residents in host cities to migrants, the deeper the impact of the respect for migrants on subjective well-being will be. Obviously, the acceptance degree of local residents could not significantly moderate the relations between respect for migrants and their subject well-being. Based on the above research conclusions, this paper suggests that for building a harmonious society and improving the quality of urbanization, equal treatment of migrants and locals should be identified and dealt with. Furthermore, Therefore, we must speed up migrants to blend into the society in the cities.

A Revolution Against and for Public Sphere: Xin Hai Revolution’s Different Force on ‘Place’, also ‘Di Fang’

Modern 'Revolution' is always viewed as a force giving birth to publicity in urban areas. However, when come to the big cities in China before the 1911 revolution, the effect a be complicated due to its geopolitical situation. The South was the birthplace of revolutionary parties and receive a backlash from the 1911 revolution in terms of the destruction of Di Fang, a multi-layer system that enable self-governance of citizens; however, the north as the enemies of the revolution, the abdication of Qing 清 emperor release the public space for its citizens. The article takes Chengdu and Peiping as two cases respectively, to discuss the process.

Hemorrhoidal disease among doctors from grade-A tertiary hospitals in big cities of China: results from web-based doctors as patients survey

BackgroundDoctors are at high risk of developing hemorrhoidal disease (HD), but it is unclear whether doctors are aware of this risk. The OASIS (dOctors AS patIentS) study was performed to examine the prevalence, awareness, diagnosis, and treatment of HD among doctors in big cities in China.MethodsAn online survey consisting of a structured questionnaire was carried out among doctors in grade-A tertiary hospitals in 29 provinces across China from August to October 2020.ResultsA total of 1227 questionnaire responses were collected. HD prevalence was 56.8%, with a significant difference between internists and surgeons (P = 0.01). 15.6% of doctors with HD didn’t have serious concerns about the recurrence and severity of HD. 91.5% of doctors adopted general treatments, and 83.0% considered oral medications only when topical medications were ineffective. Among the oral medications, Micronized Purified Flavonoid Fraction (MPFF) was most effective based on the scores from three important parameters, but only 17% of doctors received MPFF.ConclusionsDoctors are at higher risk of developing HD with a high prevalence among Chinese doctors, but they are not fully aware or not concerned about HD. There is a deficiency in treatment recommendations and clinical management of HD even for doctors, including late initiation and inadequate oral drug therapy. Therefore, awareness and standardized treatment of HD should be improved among Chinese doctors, as well as in the general population.

Migrant Optimism in Educational Aspirations for Children in Big Cities in China: A Case Study of Native, Permanent Migrant and Temporary Migrant Parents in Shanghai

Migrant Optimism in Educational Aspirations for Children in Big Cities in China: A Case Study of Native, Permanent Migrant and Temporary Migrant Parents in Shanghai

The development of mental health care in Guangzhou, China

As an upper-middle-income country, China has a vast territory, a large population and substantial variations in the nature of mental health service provision. Guangzhou, one of the five biggest cities in China, is considered as indicative of the current development of mental health services in a more economically developed part of China. In this paper, we first introduce mental health services in Guangzhou and their historical development: from the rising development of mental health care (1949 to the mid-1960s), the stagnant development period of the psychiatric hospitals (1966–1976), the rapid development period of the psychiatric hospitals (1978 to the 1990s), to the integrated development period of community mental health care (2000–2020). This historical trajectory partly reflects the development of mental health services across China. Second, from the public health perspective, we introduce the current mental health care delivery system and resources in Guangzhou, including the psychiatric specialist hospitals, psychiatric units of general hospitals, and community mental health care. Third, based on the current mental health service system, we highlight community mental health care in Guangzhou. We will describe these elements of the mental health system under the following headings: organizational setup, management, and services. We also explore the design of community mental health service models and the challenges in the post-covid-19 era. Finally, we provide considerations and recommendations for mental health service delivery in Guangzhou in the future.

KAIUS: National Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems [Institutes in Control

Shanghai, the biggest city in China, is known for its skyscrapers and contemporary lifestyle at the heart of a booming economy. Shanghai is a leading industrial and manufacturing center in China. It is also a national leading center of higher education and scientific research, and there are numerous universities and institutions of higher learning. Tongji University, one of China’s earliest national key universities, is a prestigious institution of higher education, with distinctive features and an international reputation. The university is among the 36 Class A universities in the list of the Double First Class University Plan. According to the 2019 Global Universities Rankings by <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">US News &amp; World Report</i> , Tongji University ranks 11th in China and 35th in Best Global Universities in Asia.

Aging in Place or Institutionalization? A Multiscale Analysis of Independent-Living Older Adults From Four Large Cities in China's Yangtze River Delta.

Aging in place (AIP) has been adopted as a key strategy to cope with the global public health challenge posed by population aging. The current study aimed to understand the association between older adult's AIP preference and various social and physical environmental factors at different scales. Following the ecological model of aging, this paper conducted a questionnaire survey of 827 independent-living older adults (60 years old and above) from four big cities in China's Yangtze River Delta region and employed a structural equation modeling method for analysis. Older adults from more developed cities exhibited a stronger preference for AIP than those from less developed cities. Individual characteristics, mental health, and physical health had a direct impact on AIP preference, whereas the effect of the community social environment was not significant. The perceived and objectively measured community-built environment indirectly affected AIP preference via mediation and chain effects. Complex paths affecting AIP preference were identified. At the city level, the social environment had a stronger influence than the physical environment on AIP, and the opposite pattern was observed at the community level. Mental health and physical health had opposite effects on AIP preference. Although physical health was negatively associated with AIP, age-friendly communities with compact, diverse, and accessible built environments have a positive impact on older adults' physical health and therefore should be promoted.

Retracted: Analysis on the Development of Smart City of Big Cities in China and Its Effect to Economic Structure Based on Entropy Method

Retracted: Analysis on the Development of Smart City of Big Cities in China and Its Effect to Economic Structure Based on Entropy Method

Analysis on the Development of Smart City of Big Cities in China and Its Effect to Economic Structure Based on Entropy Method

This work aims to analyze the construction of smart cities in China’s large cities and its impact on the economic structure. Some developed countries, such as the United States and Europe, have established mature smart city evaluation systems. Therefore, this work draws on the evaluation system of smart cities in developed countries to study the development status of smart cities in large cities in China. An extend linear system evaluation model is established. Besides, five first-level indicators and 24 second-level indicators are established from the five aspects: urban infrastructure, technological innovation, smart economy, human services, and intelligent environment to evaluate the development status of the city. In addition, a susceptible infected system model has been established to study the impact of smart city construction on the industrial structure. The research results demonstrate that the development level of smart cities and smart industries in eastern China is relatively high, and the comprehensive scores of smart city construction in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Chongqing all exceed 0.082. However, the development level of smart cities and smart industries in the central and western regions is relatively low. The comprehensive evaluation scores of smart cities such as Tianjin, Hangzhou, and Wuhan are between 0.35 and 0.8, and technological innovation still needs to be further developed. In conclusion, the development gap between eastern, central, and western China has further widened with time. This work provides possible research experience for China’s smart city construction and industrial construction.

The Development of Leisure Sports in Big Cities in China from the Perspective of Ecological Civilization

Leisure sports is a combination of leisure and sports. Urban leisure sports are the instinctive needs of urban residents to cope with the “urban disease.” It caters to the current urban value demands of optimizing residents’ lives and conforms to the development of “Better City, Better Life” trend. This article comprehensively uses literature research, comparative research, system analysis, questionnaire surveys, and case studies to explore the relevant theories of urban leisure sports. Taking Xi’an as an example, we carry out a practical survey of urban leisure sports, including the expression of needs and behaviors of urban residents’ restrictions, feedback on the supply of urban leisure sports, and analysis of its existing problems. Investigation results show that ecological civilization and the development of urban leisure sports are an interactive process. Ecological civilization is the external thrust of the vigorous development of urban leisure sports, and leisure sports is a means of ecological civilization construction. “For good health” is the primary factor that stimulates people’s leisure sports behaviors. Among the restrictions that affect urban residents’ participation in leisure sports, lack of partners is the main interpersonal restriction. The current development of urban leisure sports is faced with problems such as the squeeze of urban life and ecological space, poor air quality, lack of leisure sports facilities, insufficient opening of leisure sports resources, and insufficient guarantees for leisure sports funds. It is recommended to optimize the urban “production, living, and ecological” spatial layout and continuously extend the urban leisure and sports space through the organic renewal of urban space, spatial reuse, and rational development of vertical space. On the basis of understanding the laws of urban development, the exploration of the laws of the development of urban leisure sports must coordinate with the development of urban ecology, economy, and culture.

Empirical Analysis of the Impact of Industrial Internet Development Environment on Open Green Innovation of Manufacturing Enterprises

This study aims to expand the research perspective from the micro-enterprise level to the regional environment level to identify changes in the regional industrial Internet environment. The development and application of Industrial Internet technologies formed by these changes have spillover effects on Industrial Internet innovation. Sample data from 30 provinces and big cities of China from 2006 to 2018 were used to verify the network externality characteristics of industrial Internet development. The nonlinear impact of environmental factors, such as the proportion of Internet users and intellectual property protection on the open green innovation of manufacturing enterprises, was investigated through the panel threshold model. Meanwhile, the development level of the industrial Internet in eastern and western China is compared and analyzed. This study contributes to existing knowledge and guides practitioners to help manufacturing organizations develop industrial Internet environments.

Optimal Cutoffs for the Diagnosis of Sarcopenia in Older Chinese Adults.

BackgroundThe optimal criteria for sarcopenia in the older Chinese population have not been defined. Consequently, this study aims to determine the optimal cutoffs of grip strength, appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and gait speed, comprising the best definition of sarcopenia for older Chinese populations.MethodsA total of 2,821 (1,398 men and 1,423 women) community-dwelling older people (≥60 years) and 409 (205 men and 204 women) young healthy adults (25–34 years) were recruited from three big cities in China. Besides gait speed and grip strength, we examined ASMI by BIA and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), comprising the three components of sarcopenia. DXA classification for low ASMI, 20th percentile among older adults in the study sample, was found to be best compared with the other existing classification, 1 SD and 2 SD below the mean for the young population, and was used as the gold standard to determine the optimal cutoffs of BIA using receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC). The cutoffs of handgrip strength and gait speed were determined following the same rule.ResultsUsing gender-specific 20th percentiles of DXA (6.53 kg/m2 for men and 5.40 kg/m2 for women), the cutoffs 7.05 kg/m2 for men and 5.85 kg/m2 for women were determined as optimal cutoffs of BIA by achieving the largest sensitivity (0.81, 95% CI: 0.63–0.93 for men and 0.90, 95% CI: 0.73–0.98 for women) and specificity greater than 0.80 (0.80, 95% CI: 0.72–0.87 for men and 0.81, 95% CI: 0.72–0.87 for women) in the ROC analysis. The 28.5 kg and 1.05 m/s for men and 18.6 kg and 1.01 m/s for women were determined as the cutoffs for handgrip strength and gait speed, respectively. Based on the derived cutoffs, 14.2% of men and 15.7% of women in the older Chinese study population were classified as sarcopenia.ConclusionNotably, 7.05 kg/m2, 28.5 kg, and 1.05 m/s for men and 5.85 kg/m2, 18.6 kg, and 1.01 m/s for women were selected as the optimal cutoffs for low ASMI by BIA, handgrip strength, and gait speed, respectively. These optimal cutoffs will enhance practicability for screening sarcopenia in primary care and clinical settings.

Construction of public security indicators based on characteristics of shared group behavior patterns

PurposeHuman group behavior is the driving force behind many complex social and economic phenomena. Few studies have integrated multi-dimensional travel patterns and city interest points to construct urban security risk indicators. This paper combines traffic data and urban alarm data to analyze the safe travel characteristics of the urban population. The research results are helpful to explore the diversity of human group behavior, grasp the temporal and spatial laws and reveal regional security risks. It provides a reference for optimizing resource deployment and group intelligence analysis in emergency management.Design/methodology/approachBased on the dynamics index of group behavior, this paper mines the data of large shared bikes and ride-hailing in a big city of China. We integrate the urban interest points and travel dynamic characteristics, construct the urban traffic safety index based on alarm behavior and further calculate the urban safety index.FindingsThis study found significant differences in the travel power index among ride-sharing users. There is a positive correlation between user shared bike trips and the power-law bimodal phenomenon in the logarithmic coordinate system. It is closely related to the urban public security index.Originality/valueBased on group-shared dynamic index integrated alarm, we innovatively constructed an urban public safety index and analyzed the correlation of travel alarm behavior. The research results fully reveal the internal mechanism of the group behavior safety index and provide a valuable supplement for the police intelligence analysis.

The Effect of the Growth in Length of Metro on the Economic Growth in Major Big Cities in China

Urban rail transit is a widely applied mean of transportation in many cities around the world. In China, numerous cities are constructing their metro lines to improve the capability of its transportation and infrastructure. But because the investment needed in such project is colossal, the State Council in Beijing once criticized this type of investment for being wasteful and detaching from the actual demand of economic growth. Consequently, doubts on economic effects brought by metro system are also posed relentlessly. This research will try to look into the relation between the growing length of metro system and the economic growth in metropolis, finding out whether it is positive or negative and by what margin. And give out suggestions to city planners and policymakers on whether further construction of metro in mentioned cities should be carried out or approved. An econometric model that is based on the traditional Cobb-Douglas model and statistical methods including linear regression will be applied.

How do mathematics interest and self-efficacy influence coding interest and self-efficacy? A structural equation modeling analysis

Coding is a highly valued skill used in many disciplines across the globe. However, it is reported that students’ coding interest and self-efficacy are usually low. Theoretically, the affective domain of coding is in its infancy, and very few studies have set out to identify the determinants of coding interest and self-efficacy. This study explored how mathematics interest and self-efficacy, as two important mathematics-related factors, influenced coding interest and self-efficacy. Employing a quantitative cross-sectional survey design, 605 students from two public senior high schools in two big cities in China were investigated. A two-step structural equation modeling approach was adopted to analyze the data. Findings showed that mathematics interest, directly and indirectly, influenced coding interest significantly. In addition, coding self-efficacy was indirectly impacted by mathematics interest and coding interest was indirectly impacted by mathematics self-efficacy significantly. Most importantly, our model has proved to be powerful in explaining coding interest. This study contributes to the theoretical and practical understanding of the relationship between mathematics and coding attitudes, seldom explored in senior high school settings.

Comprehensive Evaluation of Functional Diversity of Urban Commercial Complexes Based on Dissipative Structure Theory and Synergy Theory: A Case of SM City Plaza in Xiamen, China

Urban commercial complex is an architectural form formed in the high-density urban building environment based on the diversified concentration of human consumption behavior and the composite utilization of space. It can effectively cope with the problem of tight land resources and insufficient development capacity in urban centers and promote sustainable urban development. Additionally, the diversity of functions is the key to ensure its healthy operation. Based on the homogenization phenomenon of commercial complex development in some big cities in China in recent years, this study applies dissipative structure theory and synergistic effect theory to the study of functional diversity system of urban commercial complexes, and proposes a Shannon–Weiner biodiversity index model and calculation indexes based on the functional diversity measurement model. At the same time, correlation analysis and comparative analysis were conducted between the measurement results of spatial vitality and the calculation results of the diversity model to verify the scientificity and rationality of the proposed model. Finally, the SM City Plaza commercial complex in Xiamen was selected as a representative research object to measure the functional diversity of its weekdays and holidays and the coupling relationship between functional diversity and changes in spatial vitality. The calculation results show that although the comprehensive index of functional diversity of SM commercial complex is in a dynamic state of change, the overall level is high. The reasonable proportion of the six functional formats shows a high level of diversity, which effectively promotes the generation of commercial vitality and enhances the comprehensive benefits of the commercial complex; the change trends of functional diversity in time and space dimensions are in line with the actual situation, indicating that the proposed model has certain scientific and application values. On the basis of the completed empirical work, the scope of application and limitations of the calculation model and evaluation method, as well as the optimization of the index system are further pointed out.

A hybrid approach for examining the drivers of energy consumption in Shanghai

Increasing attentions have been paid to energy consumption problem due to ecology pressure. This has prompted a growing focus of policy design to explore the driving forces of energy consumption. As the biggest city in China, Shanghai ranks the 1st in economic aggregate in mainland China but faces greater energy shortage challenges than the other cities. In this study, we aim to investigate the energy consumption between 1990 and 2019 in Shanghai to facilitate the sustainable development of population, resources, and environment. Specifically, a hybrid approach coupling LMDI (logarithmic mean Divisia index) and Granger causality is adopted to decompose the influential factors of energy consumption and explores their potential relationships. The hybrid approach not only allows us to verify the contributions of energy consumption changes in the past (1990–2019), but also to identify the relationships between energy consumption and the potential factors. It is found that per urban population GDP (Gross Domestic Product) (accounting for 228.16 % contribution degree), infrastructure investment (accounting for 227.18 % contribution degree) and urbanization rate (accounting for 21.61 % contribution degree) are the top three driving forces of energy consumption. The Granger causality test shows that energy consumption has bilateral causality relationship with per urban population GDP, infrastructure investment and urbanization rate, but it has single Granger causality relationships with infrastructure investment population support coefficient and energy intensity in different lag lengths. Interestingly, our results indicate that the energy consumption, per urban population GDP, infrastructure investment and urbanization rate changes are closely related to urban policies or main events. Therefore, policy makers should not only make appropriate policies in infrastructure investment but also pay attention to the balance between energy consumption social-economic effects.