Big Head Research Articles

Studies on Neotropical Pseudophyllinae: Integrative description of Dentotibium gen. nov., and of a toothed foretibia katydid (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) that sings from burrows in branches

Herein, we describe the genus Dentotibiumgen. nov. and the species D. ramucantorissp. nov, a toothed foretibia katydid within the subfamily Pseudophyllinae from Colombia. This new katydid is a forest dweller inhabiting oak woodlands between 1600 and 2300 m above sea level, only found in the western slopes of the Eastern Andes of Boyacá Department, Colombia. This new species burrows in woody branches and shows big heads in both sexes. The appearance of Dentotibiumgen. nov. is similar to that of Trichotettix Stål, 1873 but differs in having tubercles over the dorsal margin of the foretibiae. It is also close to Nastonotus Bolívar, 1890, but differs from in lacking the three black stripes in the vertex and having a less marked frontal suture and smoother face. Males sing all night long, and their calling song consists of periodic syllables with three differentiable phases. Seasonal calling activity lowers remarkably during the dry season (Jun–Aug). DNA barcoding sequences for the paratypes made available in a previous study are included here.

Strain-level variations of Dirofilaria immitis microfilariae in two biochemical assays.

The increase in reports of resistance to macrocyclic lactones in the canine heartworm, Dirofilaria immitis is alarming. While DNA based tests have been well-validated, they can be expensive. In a previous study, we showed that two biochemical tests adapted to a 96- well plate format and read in a spectrophotometer could detect differences among lab validated D. immitis isolates. The two tests- Resazurin reduction and Hoechst 33342 efflux-detect metabolism and P-glycoprotein activity respectively in microfilariae isolated from infected dog blood. Our objective was to optimize the two assays further by testing various assay parameters in D. immitis isolates not tested previously. We tested microfilarial seeding density, incubation time and the effect of in vitro treatment with ivermectin and doxycycline in five other D. immitis isolates-JYD-34, Big Head, Berkeley, Georgia III and LOL. All assays were performed in 3 technical replicates and 2-4 biological replicates. To understand the molecular basis of the assays, we also performed qPCR for selected drug metabolism and elimination associated genes of the ABC transporter and cytochrome P450 gene families. Metabolism and ABC transporter activity as detected by these assays varied between strains. Anthelmintic status (resistant or susceptible) did not correlate with metabolism or P-gp efflux. Basal transcriptional variations were found between strains in ABC transporter and cytochrome P450 genes. These assays provide a greater understanding of the biochemical variation among isolates of D. immitis, which can be exploited in the future to develop in vitro diagnostic tests capable of differentiating susceptible and resistant isolates.

REVIEW OF THE USE OF DRONES AND NON-METRIC CAMERAS FOR THE PROVISION OF LARGE-SCALE GEOSPATIAL DATA ACCORDING TO BIG REGULATION NO. 1 OF 2020

Currently, the need for large-scale mapping for the entire territory of Indonesia is urgent. Therefore, accelerating the provision of large-scale Geospatial Data (DG) is essential for better spatial planning and regional development. The use of drone technology with non-metric cameras is starting to be used for the provision of large-scale DG. To regulate the use of drones and non-metric cameras, the Geospatial Information Agency issued the Head of Geospatial Information Agency Regulation No. 1 of 2020. The purpose of this paper will review the use of drones with non-metric cameras that have been regulated in the agency's regulations. The method used in this paper uses qualitative research with a data collection strategy or source using the literature method. The results show that the use of direct georeferencing in BIG Regulation No. 1 of 2020 has fulfilled the horizontal and vertical geometry accuracy requirements stipulated in BIG Head Regulation No. 6 of 2018 on Base Map Accuracy. The GSD value requirement in BIG Regulation No 1/2020 is too high compared to the GSD value requirement specified in the ASPRS Accuracy Standards for Digital Geospatial Data. This agency regulation is a standard / reference that must be met for all mapping industry players. Therefore, the implementation of this agency regulation requires further study to truly support the issue of accelerating large-scale mapping.

Facile interfacial synthesis of gold micronails with adjustable length and roughness and their superior SERS properties for the detection of p-aminothiophenol

Au hierarchical architectures with special morphology and structures are strongly desired in varied applications. Herein, a simple synthesis method was developed for the one-step preparation of Au micronails (MNs) at the planar liquid-liquid interface under mild conditions. The well-defined Au MNs were grown and constructed at CHCl3–H2O interface at room temperature using aniline in CHCl3 as reducing agent and HAuCl4 in H2O as precursor and no surfactant or seed is required. The intriguing Au MNs with rough surface consist of big heads and thin rods, just like iron nails in outline. Furthermore, through simple changing the reagent concentrations, the length and surface roughness of Au MNs can be adjusted conveniently. The effects of a series of factors on the morphology and structure of the products are studied in detail. With p-aminothiophenol as a molecular probe, the as-obtained Au MNs all exhibit dramatically improved surface enhanced Raman scattering sensitivity and high reproducibility, the enhancement factor and limit of detection of Au MNs are 5.4 × 105 and 1.0 × 10−10, respectively.

DUAL-MOBILITY ARTICULATION CONFERS LOWER DISLOCATION AND REVISION RATES: A STUDY USING REVIEW OF REVIEWS METHODOLOGY

Dislocation post THA confers a higher risk of re-dislocation (Kotwal et al, 2009). The dual mobility (DM) cup design (1974) was aimed at improving the stability by increasing the femoral head to neck ratio (Cuthbert et al., 2019) combining the ideas of low friction arthroplasty with increased jump distance associated with a big head arthroplasty.Understand the dislocation rates, rates of aseptic loosening, infection rate and revision rates between the 2 types of constructs to provide current and up-to date evidence.Medline, pubmed, embase and Cochrane databases were used based on PRISMA guidelines. RevMan software was used for the meta-analysis. Studies (English literature) which used DM construct with atleast 6 months follow-up used as intervention and non DM construct as control were included. 2 independent reviewers conducted the review with a third reviewer in case of difference in opinion regarding eligibility. Primary outcome was dislocation rate and secondary outcome was rate of revision.564 articles identified out of which 44 articles were screened for full texts and eventually 4 systematic review articles found eligible for the study. Thus, study became a review of systematic reviews. From the 4 systematic reviews, another 35 studies were identified for data extraction and 13 papers were used for meta-analysis. Systematic reviews evaluated, projected an average follow up of 6-8 years with significantly lower dislocation rates for DM cups. The total number of patients undergoing DM cup primary THA were 30,559 with an average age 71 years while the control group consisted of 218,834 patients with an average age of 69 years. DM group had lower rate of dislocation (p < 0.00001), total lower rate of cup revision (p < 0.00001, higher incidence of fracture (p>0.05).DM THA is a viable alternative for conventional THA. The long-term results of DM cups in primary THA need to be further evaluated using high quality prospective studies and RCTs.

Their budget bursting, U.S. particle physicists dream small

New effort to study big bang afterglow heads to-do list

Asymptotic analysis of the narrow escape problem in general shaped domain with several absorbing necks

This paper considers the two-dimensional narrow escape problem in a domain which is composed of a relatively big head and several absorbing narrow necks. The narrow escape problem is to compute the mean first passage time (MFPT) of a Brownian particle traveling from inside the head to the end of the necks. The original model for MFPT is to solve a mixed Dirichlet–Neumann boundary value problem for the Poisson equation in the composite domain, and is computationally challenging. In this paper, we compute the MFPT by solving an equivalent Neumann–Robin type boundary value problem. By solving the new model, we obtain the three-term asymptotic expansion of the MFPT. We also conduct numerical experiments to show the accuracy of the high order expansion. As far as we know, this is the first result on high order asymptotic solution for narrow escape problem (NEP) in a general shaped domain with several absorbing neck windows. This work is motivated by Li (2014 J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 47 505202), where the Neumann–Robin model was proposed to solve the NEP in a domain with a single absorbing neck.

DUAL MOBILITY ARTICULATION CONFERS LOWER DISLOCATION AND REVISION RATES: A STUDY USING REVIEW OF REVIEWS METHODOLOGY

AbstractIntroductionDislocation post THA confers a higher risk of re-dislocation (Kotwal et al, 2009). The dual mobility (DM) cup design (1974) was aimed at improving the stability by increasing the femoral head to neck ratio (Cuthbert et al., 2019) combining the ideas of low friction arthroplasty with increased jump distance associated with a big head arthroplasty.AimsUnderstand the dislocation rates, rates of aseptic loosening, infection rate and revision rates between the 2 types of constructs to provide current and up-to date evidence.MethodsMedline, pubmed, embase and Cochrane databases were used based on PRISMA guidelines. RevMan software was used for the meta-analysis. Studies (English literature) which used DM construct with atleast 6 months follow-up used as intervention and non DM construct as control were included. 2 independent reviewers conducted the review with a third reviewer in case of difference in opinion regarding eligibility. Primary outcome was dislocation rate and secondary outcome was rate of revision.Results564 articles identified out of which 44 articles were screened for full texts and eventually 4 systematic review articles found eligible for the study. Thus, study became a review of systematic reviews. From the 4 systematic reviews, another 35 studies were identified for data extraction and 13 papers were used for meta-analysis. Systematic reviews evaluated, projected an average follow up of 6–8 years with significantly lower dislocation rates for DM cups. The total number of patients undergoing DM cup primary THA were 30,559 with an average age 71 years while the control group consisted of 218,834 patients with an average age of 69 years. DM group had lower rate of dislocation (p < 0.00001), total lower rate of cup revision (p < 0.00001, higher incidence of fracture (p>0.05).ConclusionDM THA is a viable alternative for conventional THA. The long-term results of DM cups in primary THA need to be further evaluated using high quality prospective studies and RCTs.Declaration of Interest(b) declare that there is no conflict of interest that could be perceived as prejudicing the impartiality of the research reported:I declare that there is no conflict of interest that could be perceived as prejudicing the impartiality of the research project.

A proof of concept for the micellization of quercetin with anionic surfactants: Effect of counter ion

Strength of interaction of sodium/ammoniumdodecyl sulfates (SDS and ADS; CH3(CH2)10CH2SO4Na/CH3(CH2)10CH2OSO3NH4) with quercetin (QCT) through micellization is investigated. The strength and mode of interaction of QCT with SDS/ADS was analyzed using uv–visible, FTIR, and NMR spectral techniques. Characteristics of QCT/SDS and QCT/ADS micelles was determined by estimating the critical micellar concentration, particle size and zeta potential values. Thermodynamic parameters ΔG0m and ΔS0m suggest that the micellization of QCT/ADS occurs more spontaneously than QCT/SDS micellization. The small size of head group (-Na+) in SDS exhibits higher steric repulsion upon forming micelles with QCT, whereas the big size head group (-NH4+) in ADS exhibits strong micellization due to additional hydrogen bonding. The results suggests that ADS would be useful in developing QCT based skin formulations which could reduce the risk of surfactant penetration in skin. In this paper we have reported a second cmc of ADS as 0.6 mM which is probably for the first time.

Quantitative Chemical Analysis of Defensive Secretion of Megacrania tsudai (Phasmatidae) and Effect of Actinidine on its Potential Predators.

Insects avoid predation in various ways, and some use multiple ways to avoid predation. However, the effects of comprehensive avoidance methods and the differences in avoidance methods among different life stages of insects have not been sufficiently discussed. The big head stick insect Megacrania tsudai uses background matching as its primary defense and chemical defense as its secondary defense. The aims of this study were to identify and isolate the chemical components of M. tsudai using repeatable methods, determine the amount of the main chemical compound, and reveal the effect of the main chemical compound on its predators. We established a repeatable gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method to identify the chemical compounds of these secretions, and identified actinidine as the main compound. Actinidine was identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and the amount of actinidine in each instar was calculated by constructing a calibration curve using pure actinidine. Mass ratios did not drastically change among instars. Furthermore, experiments involving dropping an aqueous solution of actinidine demonstrated removal behavior in geckos, frogs, and spiders. These results indicated that M. tsudai conducts secondary defenses using defensive secretions consisting mainly of actinidine.

Infant with a big head and ‘crossed’ polysyndactyly

Infant with a big head and ‘crossed’ polysyndactyly

Effects of Vermicompost on Growth of Cyprinid Fish and Water Quality of Warm Water Earthen Ponds

Experiment was conducted in 0.0-ha earthen ponds to promote growth performance of silver carp and Cyprinus carpio and big head (cyprinid) plus phytoplankton and zooplankton and were estimated in a pond receiving mixed fertilizer with vermicomposting, with 6000 and 12000 kg per/ha/year mixed with fertilizer (VC6 and VC12) and 6000, 12000 kg per/ha/year without vermicomposting (CO6and CO12). All treatments were compared finally. Significant differences were found in diversity and abundance of plankton in the pond exposed to fertilizer having CO6, CO12 and VC6, VC12 The used fertilizer and manure could be graded in the following descending order VC12, VC6, CO12, and CO6. The least concentration was accounted in control sets with 6000 kg manure. The highest production of fish was found in vats treated with VC12 (12000kg/ha/year) followed by VC6 (6000 kg / ha/year), CO12 (12000 kg/ha/year), CO6 (6000 kg/ha/year). The highest yield of fish in vats applied with VC12 may be related to its highest manorial value.

Virtual Big Heads in Extended Reality: Estimation of Ideal Head Scales and Perceptual Thresholds for Comfort and Facial Cues

Extended reality (XR) technologies, such as virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), provide users, their avatars, and embodied agents a shared platform to collaborate in a spatial context. Although traditional face-to-face communication is limited by users’ proximity, meaning that another human’s non-verbal embodied cues become more difficult to perceive the farther one is away from that person, researchers and practitioners have started to look into ways to accentuate or amplify such embodied cues and signals to counteract the effects of distance with XR technologies. In this article, we describe and evaluate the Big Head technique, in which a human’s head in VR/AR is scaled up relative to their distance from the observer as a mechanism for enhancing the visibility of non-verbal facial cues, such as facial expressions or eye gaze. To better understand and explore this technique, we present two complimentary human-subject experiments in this article. In our first experiment, we conducted a VR study with a head-mounted display to understand the impact of increased or decreased head scales on participants’ ability to perceive facial expressions as well as their sense of comfort and feeling of “uncannniness” over distances of up to 10 m. We explored two different scaling methods and compared perceptual thresholds and user preferences. Our second experiment was performed in an outdoor AR environment with an optical see-through head-mounted display. Participants were asked to estimate facial expressions and eye gaze, and identify a virtual human over large distances of 30, 60, and 90 m. In both experiments, our results show significant differences in minimum, maximum, and ideal head scales for different distances and tasks related to perceiving faces, facial expressions, and eye gaze, and we also found that participants were more comfortable with slightly bigger heads at larger distances. We discuss our findings with respect to the technologies used, and we discuss implications and guidelines for practical applications that aim to leverage XR-enhanced facial cues.

‘It is the child with the big head’ – Primary healthcare providers’ perceptions of paediatric hydrocephalus in Blantyre, Malawi: A qualitative study

ABSTRACT Children in Africa are disproportionately burdened by the neurosurgical condition hydrocephalus. In Blantyre, Malawi, paediatric hydrocephalus represents the majority of surgical procedures performed in the neurosurgical department at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital. To reduce morbidity and mortality, timely detection followed by referral from surrounding primary health centres is crucial. Aiming to explore perceptions and identify enablers and barriers to detection and referral, we conducted a qualitative study among primary healthcare providers (n = 30) from ten health centres in Blantyre district. Using a semi-structured interview-guide, we audio-recorded and transcribed the interviews before conducting a thematic analysis. One main finding is that there is a potential to improve detection through head circumference measurements, which is the recommended way to detect hydrocephalus early, yet healthcare providers did not carry this out systematically. They described the health passport provided by the Malawian Ministry of Health as an important tool for clinical communication. However, head circumference growth charts are not included. To optimise outcomes for paediatric hydrocephalus we suggest including head circumference growth charts in the health passports. To meet the need for comprehensive management of paediatric hydrocephalus, we recommend more research from the continent, focusing on bridging the gap between primary care and neurosurgery.

Features of pubescence of mericarps of some species of the genus Geranium. Trichomes classification

The features of pubescence of mericarps in 34 taxa of species and intraspecific ranks of the genus Geranium from different sections were studied. Based on the studied materials, a classification of trichomes on the surface of mericarps has been developed. Two groups of trichomes have been distinguished: non-glandular, including three types and six subtypes, and glandular, including one type and four subtypes. For the first time, non-glandular simple unbranched ribbon-like trichomes (LP), non-glandular complex uniserial unbranched hooked trichomes (CrS), non-glandular complex uniserial unbranched helical trichomes (BC), non-glandular complex uniserial branched filamentous arachnoid trichomes (PS), long glandular capitate unbranched complex trichomes with big head (GLb). The types of mericarp trichomes were analyzed according to their occurrence in different sections of the genus Geranium. It has been shown that there are types of trichomes that are characteristic of the mericarps of the species of most sections, and types of trichomes that are characteristic of the mericarps of species of one or two sections, or even one species from the sections. This is the basis for considering some characters of trichomes as a specific and sectional characters. At the same time, this issue requires further study of the surface of mericarps of representatives of other species, both from the already studied sections and from new sections.

Genetic polymorphism, constitutive expression and tissue localization of Dirofilaria immitis P-glycoprotein 11: a putative marker of macrocyclic lactone resistance

BackgroundDirofilaria immitis causes dirofilariosis, a potentially fatal condition in canids. Dirofilaria infections can be prevented with a macrocyclic lactone (ML) prophylactic regimen. However, some D. immitis isolates have become resistant to MLs. Genetic changes on the P-glycoprotein 11 gene, encoding an ABCB transporter, have been linked to the ML-resistant phenotypes and have been proposed as markers of drug resistance. However, nothing is known about the expression and the localization of this transporter in D. immitis, despite its strong link to ML-resistant phenotypes.MethodsWe examined the clinically validated D. immitis P-glycoprotein 11 (DimPgp-11) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) via MiSeq analysis in three ML-susceptible isolates (Missouri, MP3 and Yazoo) and two ML-resistant isolates (JYD-34 and Metairie), and correlated the data with previously published MiSeq results of USA laboratory-maintained D. immitis isolates. The level of the expression of the DimPgp-11 messenger RNA transcript was analyzed by droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) and compared in the USA laboratory-maintained isolates, namely the ML-susceptible Missouri and Berkeley isolates, the putative ML-susceptible Georgia III and Big Head isolates and the ML-resistant isolate JYD-34. The immunolocalization of DimPgp-11 was visualized in the microfilaria (mf) life stage of the Missouri isolate using confocal microscopy.ResultsThe results confirmed that the SNP found on DimPgp-11 is differentially expressed in the USA laboratory-maintained isolates. The ML-susceptible isolates had an alternate allele frequency of between 0% and 15%, while it ranged between 17% and 56% in the ML-resistant isolates. The constitutive expression of DimPgp-11 was similar in the Berkeley, Georgia III and Big Head isolates, while it was significantly decreased in the ML-resistant JYD-34 isolate (P < 0.05), when compared to the ML-susceptible Missouri isolate. The DimPgp-11 protein was distinctly localized within the excretory-secretory (ES) duct, pore cells and the excretory cell and, more faintly, along the mf body wall.ConclusionOur data confirm that genetic polymorphism of DimPgp-11 is associated with ML resistance in USA laboratory-maintained D. imminits isolates. A link between DimPgp-11 and ML resistance in D. immitis is further supported by the lower protein expression in the ML-resistant JYD-34 isolate when compared with the ML-susceptible Missouri isolate. Interestingly, DimPgp-11 is strategically located surrounding the ES pore where it could play an active role in ML efflux.Graphical

Hip arthroplasty dislocation risk calculator: evaluation of one million primary implants and twenty-five thousand dislocations with deep learning artificial intelligence in a systematic review of reviews.

This paper aims to provide an overview of the possibility regarding the artificial intelligence application in orthopaedics to predict dislocation with a calculator according to the type of implant (hemiarthroplasty, standard total hip arthroplasty, dual mobility, constrained cups) after primary arthroplasty. Among 75 results for primary arthroplasties, 26 articles were reviews on dislocation after hemiarthroplasty, 40 after standard total hip arthroplasty, seven about primary dual-mobility arthroplasty (DM THA), and two reviews about constrained implants. Although our search method for systematic reviews covers ten years (2012-2022), none for dual mobility was published before 2016, showing a recent explosion of original articles on this subject. A total of 1,069,565 implants and 26,488 dislocations in primary arthroplasties are included in these 75 reviews. We used a supervised learning model in which models assign objects to groups as input and artificial neural network (ANN) with nodes, hidden layers, and output layers. We considered only four implant types as the input layer. We considered the patient's factors (indication for THA, demographics, spine surgery, and neurologic disease) as the second input values (hidden layer). We considered the implant position as the third input (hidden layer) property including head size, combined anteversion, or spinopelvic alignment. Surgery-related factors, approach, capsule repair, etc. were the fourth input values (hidden layer). The output was a post-operative dislocation or not within three months. The accuracy for predicting dislocation with this systematic review was 95%. Dislocation risk, based on the type of implant, was wide-ranging, from 0 to 3.9% (mean 0.31%) for the 3045 DM THA, from 0.2 to 1.2% (overall 0.91%) for the 457 constrained liners, from 1.76 to 4.2% (mean 2.1%) for 895,734 conventional total hip arthroplasties, and from 0.76 to 12.2% (mean 4.5%) for 170,329 hemiarthroplasties. In the conventional THA group, many factors increase the risk of dislocation according to the calculator, and only a few (big head, anterior approach) decrease the risk, but not very significantly. In the hemiarthroplasty group, many factors can increase the risk of dislocation until 30%, but none could decrease the risk. According to the calculator, the DM THA and the constrained liner markedly decreased the risk and were not affected by implant position, spine surgery, and spinopelvic position. To our knowledge, this study is the first to yield an implant-specific dislocation risk calculator that incorporates the patient's comorbidities, the position of components, and surgery factors affecting instability risk.

Compositional Study of Phospholipids from the Dried Big Head and Opossum Shrimp, Mussel, and Sea Cucumber Using 31P NMR Spectroscopy: Content and Fatty Acid Composition of Plasmalogen.

Herein, we present a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the compositions of plasmalogens and phospholipids (PLs) in dried big head shrimp (Solenocera melantho), opossum shrimp (Neomysis awatschensis), mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis), and sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus). We also analyze the fatty acid composition of the extracted lipids, phosphatidyl choline (PtdCho), and plasmalogen choline (PlsCho) from each sample. In big head shrimp, opossum shrimp, and mussel, phosphatidyl choline (PtdCho) was the most abundant PL at 1677.9, 1603, and 1661.6 mg/100 g of dried sample, respectively, whereas the most abundant PL in sea cucumber was PlsCho (206.9 mg/100 g of dried sample). In all four samples, plasmalogen ethanolamine (PlsEtn) was higher than phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PtdEtn). The content (mg/100 g of dried sample) of PlsCho was highest in mussel (379.0), and it was higher in big head shrimp (262.3) and opossum shrimp (245.6) than sea cucumber (206.9). The contents (mg/100 g of dried sample) of PlsEtn were in the order of mussel (675.4) > big head shrimp (629.5) > opossum shrimp (217.9) > sea cucumber (51.5). For analyzing the fatty acids at the sn-2 position of PlsCho, the consecutive treatment with phospholipase A1, solid phase extraction, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and GC-FID were applied. The most abundant fatty acid was eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5, n-3) in big head shrimp and sea cucumber, palmitoleic acid (C16:1, n-7) in opossum shrimp, and docosadienoic acid (C22:2, n-6) in mussel.

Predators

Predators

Genome-Wide Characterization of Laccase Gene Family from Turnip and Chinese Cabbage and the Role in Xylem Lignification in Hypocotyls

The turnip and the Chinese cabbage belong to the Brassica rapa subspecies, yet they have evolved marked differences in morphology. The turnip has a distinct swelled taproot, while the Chinese cabbage has a big leafy head. The turnip’s taproot is developed mainly by the hypocotyl. To explore the taproot formation, we firstly compared the vascular structure of the hypocotyl during the early developmental stages of the turnip and the Chinese cabbage, finding that there were observable differences in the number of xylem cells and the cell-wall lignification in the hypocotyl vascular tissues after the transition from primary to secondary growth. Laccases (LAC) play an important role in lignification by polymerizing monolignols in the cell wall, however, it is not clear whether differences in the lignification levels in the hypocotyl xylem cell walls are related to the genetic variations of the LAC gene family, between the turnip and the Chinese cabbage. Therefore, we systematically characterized the LAC genes from the turnip and the Chinese cabbage, and 27 LAC genes were identified in each. These LAC genes can be divided into six groups, and each LAC in the turnip is closely adjacent to that in the Chinese cabbage. Gene structure, conserved motif, and chromosomal localization were highly conserved between the turnip and the Chinese cabbage. We also compared the expression pattern of the laccases in the different tissues and hypocotyl’s early development stage, and the results clearly showed the different profiles between the turnip and the Chinese cabbage. Following a comprehensive analysis of these results, we predicted that LAC17.1 and LAC17.3 are two candidate genes that participate in the regulation of lignin synthesis during taproot formation. Our results provide a valuable clue for uncovering the regulation mechanism of the lower lignification level in the turnip’s hypocotyl and fundamental information for further studies of the LAC gene family in Brassica rapa.