Bidirectional Flow Of Knowledge Research Articles

Preparing Undergraduates for the Global Future of Health Care.

Background:Health professionals must be academically and experientially prepared regarding the social determinants of health to reduce health disparities at the global level. The emerging literature reflects a trend for incorporating global health competencies for health care. Specifically, recommendations from the Consortium of Universities for Global Health, National Academy of Medicine, and multiple nursing organizations encourage the inclusion of a global health curriculum.Objectives:To describe the development of an undergraduate global health certificate program and provide recommendations for the development of future global health programs.Findings:At the completion of the certificate program, students felt better prepared to apply course content to culturally diverse populations in low resource settings.Recommendations:Before developing a global health program, preconceived ideas about study abroad experiences and faculty concerns associated with course overload should be dispelled through evidence-based, educational sessions. Curricular time constraints in content-laden programs should be mitigated through an appropriate mix of e-learning formats. Last, a strong value must be placed on interprofessional education to facilitate capacity building through a bi-directional flow of knowledge and resources between the educational institution and the host country.

Visualizing information science: Author direct citation analysis in China and around the world

Abstract Author direct citation analysis (ADCA, also called inter-citation or cross citation) is a new feasible and applicable technique for exploring knowledge communication and discovering scientific structure. This study explored ADCA among prolific, highly cited, and core authors in information science in China and around the world. The results revealed the following. (1) The datasets in China and around the world cover overlapping, but also unique topics. Research subjects on information science around the world can be divided into three categories and 10 clusters; meanwhile, that in China can be divided into three categories and 9 clusters. Chinese scholars who are mostly involved in cross subjects and multi-fields are not as specialized and profound as foreign scholars. An obvious imbalance exists in the evolution of discipline structure around the world, indicating the necessity of a synchronous promotion of research specialty and cross comprehensiveness. Chinese scholars concentrate more on topics such as competitive intelligence, information resource management, and information retrieval, and they focus less on information security and user analysis. (2) Knowledge communication between active authors is stronger than the knowledge flow from highly influential authors to active authors around the world; meanwhile, Chinese researchers tend to adopt the knowledge of authoritative literature. The knowledge flow through bidirectional direct citation is related to mutual knowledge communication. Authoritative scholars are produced when prolific authors cite highly cited authors. The level of mutual recognition among Chinese scholars has not reached that among foreign scholars; in the former, less bidirectional flow of knowledge is involved, and unidirectional flow is limited to geographical proximity, cooperation, or teacher–student relationship. (3) In contrast to traditional author co-citation analysis (ACA), ADCA pays more attention to the mutual interaction among currently active scholars and to mainly showing the current research focus.

An open debate about the object and purpose of global health knowledge in the context of an interdisciplinary research partnership on HIV/STI prevention priorities in Peru.

BackgroundWith the failure of the latest vaccine trial, HVTN-505, HIV prevention efforts remain critical. Social and structural factors contributing to HIV and STI transmission include stigma regarding sexual violence, HIV infection and sexual orientation. For instance, HIV prevention and overall sexual health programs in Peru have been implemented yet key populations of youth (sex workers, male and transgender youth) continue to be overrepresented in new cases of HIV and STI. This suggests that interventions must take new directions and highlights the need for additional research.DiscussionWhile interdisciplinary, international research collaborations often are indicated as best practice in developing new knowledge in global health and an important component of the leadership in health systems, this does not mean they are free of challenges. In this debate we document our reflections on some of the challenges in developing an interdisciplinary and international research team to understand HIV and STI prevention priorities among youth in two culturally diverse cities in Peru: Lima, the capital city, and Ayacucho, in the Andean region.SummaryRather than offering solutions we aim to contribute to the debate about the object and purpose of global health research in the context of developing international research partnerships that genuinely promote a reciprocal and bidirectional flow of knowledge between the Global South and the Global North, and researchers at intersections of these locations.

A Tale of Two Paradigms.

The articles in this special issue of Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice address topics that may improve the flow of knowledge from research to clinical practice settings. In this commentary, these topics are viewed from the perspective of an efficacy researcher. Progress in the treatment for mental disorders depends on the bidirectional flow of knowledge between researchers and practitioners. Evidence-based practice is possible for most mental disorders (i.e., schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder, major depressive disorder, the full range of anxiety disorders, and alcoholism and the other chemical dependence disorders), yet there is strong evidence that many (if not most) sufferers do not receive treatments that are known to be effective. Therefore, there is at least a partial disconnect between the processes that result in discovery and confirmation of novel therapeutics and implementation of new approaches to treatment in day-to-day practice settings.