Bid Evaluation Research Articles

Quantifying the impact of flexibility asset location on services in the distribution grid: Power system and local flexibility market co-simulation

This research investigates the effectiveness of incorporating locational sensitivity factors into local flexibility market clearing mechanisms for effective congestion management and voltage regulation in distribution grids. A centralized local flexibility market optimization model is developed that considers technical and economic constraints. The study aims to explore the requirements for data availability, data quality, and reliable data exchange that can facilitate a broader range of flexibility services, thereby promoting the development of a local flexibility market. Sensitivity factors, including power transfer distribution factors, voltage sensitivity coefficients and transformer sensitivity coefficients, are used to quantify the impact of flexibility asset locations on congestion management and inform clearing rules. These static metrics are insufficient for establishing effective local flexibility market clearing rules when flexibility is procured by distribution system operators. The approach considers the state of the grid when calculating the sensitivity coefficients, which leads to a more accurate evaluation of flexibility bids, especially with regard to the impact of location on congestion management. The proposed mechanism for clearing the local flexibility market assumes continuous communication between the proposed local flexibility market operator and the distribution system operator for dynamic, iterative market clearing, which ensures the protection of grid data and a more accurate bid evaluation. The study demonstrates that the inclusion of locational information significantly increases the effectiveness of the proposed local flexibility market-based congestion management. The developed simulator for the proposed local flexibility market provides valuable insights into the interaction between the proposed local flexibility market and the distribution grid. The research results, derived from selected use cases, emphasize the importance of location-based sensitivity factors in the proposed local flexibility market clearing for distribution grids. The proposed approach offers a promising solution for optimizing congestion management and voltage regulation while ensuring efficient integration of distributed energy resources into distribution grids.

Bid evaluation with distortionary scaling in multidimensional procurement auctions

ABSTRACT Construction projects are often procured through multidimensional auctions, in which suppliers bid on both price and non-price attributes such as quality. In Korea, a unique scaling method is employed to differentiate bids, adjusting scores to ensure a sufficient point difference between adjacent quality bids. This scaling method aims to enhance the discriminating power of the scoring system and attract more sophisticated project designs. However, it may distort overall bid rankings and lead to inefficient contract allocation. The added uncertainty may incentivize suppliers to inflate their prices, as the effect of price on winning probability decreases with the scaling factor. Using Korean procurement data, I analyse cases of rank reversal, and I reveal a tendency among suppliers to bid less aggressively on price when quality differences are magnified, with the effect varying with the level of uncertainty in bid evaluation. This highlights the preference of buyers for a less distortionary scoring system to enhance the value of procurement.

Pengadaan Sarana Prasarana di SMP Negeri 2 Rantau Alai Ogan Ilir

This research aims to discuss the procurement of facilities and infrastructure at SMP Negeri 2 Rantau Alai Ogan Ilir. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a qualitative research type. The research method employed is a descriptive approach with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis techniques used include data reduction, data presentation, data verification, and conclusion drawing. The validity test of the research data utilizes source triangulation and technique triangulation. The results of the study indicate that the procurement of facilities and infrastructure at SMP Negeri 2 Rantau Alai Ogan Ilir has been carried out well. The research findings can be seen in the procurement process, which includes the identification of needs, budget planning, information gathering, procurement planning, tender or bidding opening, and bid evaluation. The author concludes that the procurement of facilities and infrastructure at SMP Negeri 2 Rantau Alai Ogan Ilir has been conducted effectively. This is evidenced by the identification of needs, budget planning, information gathering, procurement planning, tender or bidding opening, and bid evaluation

A spherical fuzzy objective weighting framework for factors affecting bidding decisions for construction projects: A case study of Taiwan

In response to the intensely competitive bidding environment in Taiwan's construction industry, this study innovates with a spherical fuzzy extension of the modified CRITIC method (SFmCRITIC), a pioneering approach crafted to refine the decision-making process. The research centers on the pivotal role of accurately weighting various significant factors, such as financial stability, market insight, and specialized expertise, to optimize bid success rates. The SFmCRITIC method stands out by quantitatively incorporating the uncertainty and subjectivity typically encountered in bid evaluation. The findings from this methodological application demonstrate a clear hierarchy of influencing factors, offering a nuanced view of strategic priorities for construction firms. This hierarchical understanding not only aids firms in targeted resource distribution and strategic development but also holds promise for adaptation in diverse industry contexts beyond Taiwan, potentially revolutionizing bidding strategies at a global scale.

Competency Mapping of Key Stakeholders in Procurement and Contracting of the National Tuberculosis Elimination Program Goods and Services in an Eastern Indian State

Abstract Background: The National Tuberculosis Elimination Program is a complex program, and the program officers are involved in the procurement and contracting of goods and services under it. A competency mapping was conducted to highlight the current capacity gaps in contract management at state and district levels under the program. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted with 15 participants involved in procurement and contracting in two districts of the state using a semi-structured questionnaire, and results were presented using the descriptive statistical analysis. Results: A total of 15 different stakeholders from the National Health Mission, State and District Tuberculosis (TB) Cell, State TB Training and Demonstration Centre, and State Medical Corporation participated in the study. The participants had an average of 10.3 years of experience in contracting, and 20% of them had received some training on contracting. The capacity of these respondents varied based on their involvement, previous training (s) received, and technical background. It was further observed that most of the respondents suggested an in-person physical training instead of virtual training. Most of the respondents requested to issue training certificate. Some of the topics that the participants requested for further training include Digital Signature Certification, Government e-Marketplace, General Financial Rule, Public Financial Management System, monitoring of performance indicators, and bid evaluation techniques. Moreover, 92% of the respondents felt that there is a training need on procurement and contracting. Conclusions: Many a time, the program officers come from a technical background not relevant to the contracting and procurement of goods and services and require regular on-the-job support and training to aid in effective program delivery.

Pengaruh e-Procurement Terhadap Pencegahan Fraud Di Pemerintah Daerah Sumatera Selatan

This research aims to determine the effect of implementing e-procurement on fraud prevention in Regional Government. Research has been carried out in several regional agencies in South Sumatra Province. The research was conducted using the questionnaire distribution method. The variables in this research are the e-procurement stages, namely planning, committee formation, prequalification, tender document preparation, bid evaluation, announcement, objection. The results of the research state that the implementation of e-procurement has an effect on preventing procurement fraud in the Regency/City Region of South Sumatra. Then, from the results of this research, it was also concluded that of the seven stages of e-procurement, only four stages of e-procurement had an effect on fraud prevention (document preparation stage, offer evaluation stage, announcement stage, and rebuttal stage). Meanwhile, the other three stages (planning stage, committee formation stage, and prequalification stage) in e-procurement have no effect on fraud prevention.

The Adoption of Electronic Procurement and Readiness Assessment in Central Ethiopia Regional State

Electronic procurement is a digitalized means of procurement processes. This study aims to assess its applicability in the central Ethiopia regional state by studying the hindrance factors and the opportunity that can come for the construction sector of the region. A descriptive and explorative study approach has been performed. Qualitative data from public procurement administrators, IT professionals, and construction stakeholders were collected through interviews. -P nor eGP has not been introduced to the region yet. Also to use it factors such as the knowledge gap, lack of infrastructure provisions, and collaboration works with fear of losing competitiveness were probable hindrances. On the other hand, resource-saving, increasing transparency, and accuracy of bid evaluation were found as main probable opportunities. Incorporating practitioners, and combining system development with an adaptability test can provide useful input for further. Timely support from the federal government, capacity-building programs, facility and infrastructure development, and government enforcing mechanisms were found as necessary matters to implement the e-P system for the construction sector. This research is the first study in the area with this topic and also it is a very new topic as a country in general. Hence, in a way, it introduced the system for the pubic construction procurement of the region and stakeholders. The findings contribute as a source to the public body for the launch of the eGP Ethiopia in the region, and a lead for private developers. Additionally, it implements the very nature of the research which is multidisciplinary by incorporating IT professionals.

Management of bid evaluation risks in procurement of construction projects of public tertiary institutions in Nigeria

Management of bid evaluation risks in procurement of construction projects of public tertiary institutions in Nigeria

Tendering for Procurement Contracts in Case of Uncertainty about a Bidimensional Bid Valuation Metric: A Decision Analytic Methodology

Introduction: In some instances, when tendering for supplying goods to a purchaser, the bidders know that bid evaluation is done in a multicriteria way but ignore the precise metric used. This is the case, for example, of acquisitions by small and medium-sized businesses carried out by inviting a handful of potential suppliers to advance a proposal for fulfilling some need and informing them of criteria hurdle levels and worded statements of criteria preferred directions. Method: The uncertainty about bid assessment is compounded with that about competing bids, making bid design increasingly difficult. This work presents a Decision Analysis-based methodology for developing a model for bid preparation useful under said circumstances, aiming to take advantage of the available knowledge of competitors’ capabilities and client’s preferences through subjective probabilities. objective: This work presents a Decision Analysis-based methodology for developing a model for bid preparation useful under said circumstances, aiming to take advantage of the available knowledge of competitors’ capabilities and client’s preferences through subjective probabilities Result: A key feature of the methodology is the idea that the model of the bidder’s knowledge of the client’s preferences for different criterion levels should separately consider the criterion type and the likely size of its variation among bids. This allows basing the model on the assumption that, to the client’s decision, a criterion becomes more important if the size of its variation among bids grows, while it is rendered unimportant if it does not vary a lot among bids. After outlining the general steps of the methodology, a simple, hypothetical case study is numerically worked out, illustrating how the methodology is operationalized for a problem with two criteria and two levels. Conclusion: Finally, closing remarks on the potential practical usefulness of the presented framework are provided.

A new multi-criteria decision making method for the selection of construction contractors using interval valued fuzzy set

ObjectiveThis article introduces a novel approach called Digital Weighted Multi Criteria Decision Making (DWMCDM) that employs interval valued fuzzy sets to select the best contractor for building projects. The contractor is chosen based on the pre-qualification and bid evaluation phases. In the first phase, the distance between the actual and required skills of the significant criteria is determined, and it is then converted into digital weighted distances to identify the maximum number of criteria related to the specific project of each contractor. The second step ranks the best contractor based on the bid price and digital weighted distances.ResultsThe suggested technique integrates the pre-qualification and bid review phases to address project award delays and other restrictions. Finally, a real-world application is addressed to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach to any type of interval valued fuzzy inputs.

Modeling the Causes and Mitigation Measures for Cost Overruns in Building Construction: The Case of Higher Education Projects

The formidable need for building projects places greater pressure on stakeholders to deliver these projects on time, within the budget, and with high quality. However, many building projects have experienced extensive cost overruns despite extensive research on their causes and mitigation measures. Thus, the effectiveness of mitigation measures is questionable. This study examines the status of cost overrun in building construction projects and develops a structural equation model to establish the relationships between causes of cost overrun and mitigation measures, using higher education building projects as a case study. This study analyzed cost overruns in 27 higher education building projects. Furthermore, 118 responses were collected using a questionnaire survey and analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Kruskal–Wallis H test, exploratory factor analysis, and partial least-squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings suggest that around 93% of the 27 higher education building projects experienced cost overrun, and the majority overran between 5% and 10%. The findings illustrate that bid evaluation and project planning mitigation measures positively affect efficiency and contract management- and design-related causes. Furthermore, project initiation and contractor selection mitigation measures positively affect claim management-, efficiency and contract management-, estimation and scheduling-, and design-related causes. These findings will help policymakers make informed decisions in selecting effective mitigation measures to reduce cost overrun and improve industry efficiency.

Conceptualising standard set of bids evaluation criteria for selecting adequate contractor

Conceptualising standard set of bids evaluation criteria for selecting adequate contractor

Dynamics of a Decision Support System for Online Tendering

In other to maximize the full potentials of information technology, both private and public establishments have been increasingly exploring and migrating manual processes into automated processes and the tendering system is not left out in these innovative migrations. This project work is aimed at developing an enhanced decision support system for online tendering which has helped to speed up decision making processes that improve the efficiency of the online tendering process. The specific objectives of this research work are to; Examine the current decision support system for the online tendering, design an enhanced decision support model for commercial bid evaluation in online tendering, Implement the enhanced decision support model for the online tendering and to evaluate the developed enhanced decision support model for the online tendering. The Object-Oriented Analysis and Design method has been used in the development of this project work with the unified modeling language (UML) diagrams used to explain the workability of the various objects of the system. All the modules of the developed system have worked according to specifications and design, and the system performed excellently well. The system has enhanced significantly the time taken to analyze and make decision cutting down cost of printing. Keywords: Decision Analysis, Data Integrity, Evaluation Model, Efficiency Levels, Technological Improvement, Managerial Processes

Application Research of the Project Bid Evaluation Model Based on MATLAB

Bid evaluation, an important part of bidding activities, is the most critical part to determine the quality of bidding. For large volume and complex technology projects, the comprehensive evaluation method is usually used in China. It is known that the selection of bid evaluation method has a great influence on the quality of bidding. In the face of the basic situation of China, although the comprehensive evaluation method is basically competent for the bidding work, it still has the defects of human factors in the evaluation of the bid. Therefore, it is essential to improve the bidding evaluation method. This paper mainly evaluates the bid evaluation activities of construction projects based on the comprehensive weighted evaluation method. Through the accumulation of relevant theoretical and practical research results, the author sorts out the advantages and disadvantages of various evaluation methods and analyzes the scientificity, fairness, and practicability of the established project bidding as well as the evaluation model in the evaluation of bidders through the actual project bidding and evaluation case. Combined with the mathematical model and case analysis, the bid evaluation activity is solved by the computer program, and the conventional bid evaluation results and the mathematical model evaluation results are compared to get more accurate bid evaluation results.

Enhancing the Responsiveness of Bids in Public Procurement: The Case of Sri Lanka

Bid Responsiveness in the public procurement process (PPP) is a crucial aspect of public construction projects. A responsive bid materially complies with the form or content requirements of the bidding documents; the responsiveness of a bid is determined during the bid evaluation period. Accepting low-responsive bids can lead to project failures and unexpected adverse consequences. The Public Procurement Systems (PPS) in developed countries frequently used systematic mechanisms to enhance the quality of the PPP which includes enhancing the responsiveness of bids. This study revealed six dominant factors impacting responsiveness and five systematic mechanisms more prominently discussed in the PPS in developed countries to enhance the quality of the PPP. The population of this study consists of procurement specialists in Sri Lankan public construction procurement at the pre-contract stage and among those who have more than 20 years of experience in PPP were considered as the sampling frame. The fuzzy-set theory was used to determine the ranking order of these systematic mechanisms based on their influence to enhance responsiveness by overcoming the impact of dominant factors. Suggestions were made for Sri Lankan PPS to implement these systematic mechanisms.

Analysis & Optimization to Improve the Tedious Tendering Process in Construction Industry

Abstract: This analysis and optimization study aims to improve the tedious tendering process in the construction industry. The study identifies the major challenges faced by stakeholders in the tendering process, including high administrative costs, lack of transparency, lengthy bidding periods, and inconsistencies in bid evaluation criteria. Various optimization techniques are proposed, including the use of electronic bidding platforms, standardization of bid evaluation criteria, and the implementation of a two-stage bidding process. The study concludes that implementing these optimization techniques can significantly improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the tendering process, resulting in lower costs, faster bidding periods, and increased transparency.

Bidding Evaluation and Contractor Selection Using Balance Index Model and Comprehensive Input Efficiency Based on Data Envelopment Analysis

In order to ensure a smooth construction project, it is necessary to select an appropriate contractor. However, traditional bid evaluation methods are highly subjective in determining weights. Data envelopment analysis (DEA), a comprehensive bid evaluation method that considers multiple factors, was introduced to reduce subjectivity and provide a simple yet comprehensive method for evaluating bids. Based on the existing cross-evaluation and balance index models, this research proposed a new DEA ranking model—the comprehensive input efficiency model, as well as its specific application steps. Additionally, a case study on selecting contractors for a water engineering project was presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of this model. The results indicated that the comprehensive input efficiency model could achieve the same ranking function as the balance index and was suitable for assessing bidders’ relative efficiency. Moreover, the comprehensive input efficiency model proposed in this research is more simplified. Thus, this research compensates for the drawbacks of the existing comprehensive evaluation models in that the bid evaluation process is cumbersome, thereby extending the research on DEA methods in bid evaluation. Additionally, the model provides tenderers with a more efficient and effective bid evaluation method to select the most appropriate contractor. In the future, research may be conducted to apply DEA to other types of projects, including service projects, real estate, and consulting services.

Research on Intelligent Verification Technology of Bid Evaluation Results

Bidding is an important procurement method. By giving full play to the advantages of bidding enterprises and carrying out open and fair competition, it has realized the effective optimization of the market economic environment and significantly improved the benefits of engineering projects. The bidding of power engineering project is to realize the fair and transparent competition among bidding units. In order to improve the standardization and fairness of bid evaluation results and solve the final control problem of power bidding, it is particularly important to do a good job in the intelligent verification of bid evaluation results. This paper mainly studies the intelligent verification technology of bidding and bid evaluation results. By studying the bidding and bid evaluation process and standards, and using information intelligent technology, this project summarizes some standard laws and models for verifying the bid evaluation results, and develops the intelligent verification tool of bid evaluation results.

MDA4SOA+d: A new model driven architecture to supporting decision making in SOA

The utilization of Model-Driven Architecture (MDA) in Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a concept that has been introduced previously and published research is available on this subject. However, the main research s’ubject of this paper, fusing MDA and decision aspects as autonomous building blocks that form a full SOA, is a ground-breaking concept. This paper proposes an integrated model-driven solution method that will help develop service-oriented architectures while being aware of the need for decisions. Furthermore, our goal is to explore the standard models at every defined level; this is one of our primary reasons for utilizing the Service oriented architecture Modeling Language (SoaML) and the Decisional Model Notation (DMN) standard in designing several services. We also present a service taxonomy that defines the new set of concepts needed to model three dimensions. The proposed approach is called MDA4SOA+d (Model Driven Architecture for SOA with Decision Aspect), and it offers, among other benefits, a more comprehensive understanding of the entire system and the platform-independent development. It also enhances the reusability of the designs and simplifies the system’s evolution, thus enhancing productivity. The proposed approach will be illustrated with a case study for an IT Equipment Bid Evaluation process.

Building cluster demand flexibility: An innovative characterization framework and applications at the planning and operational levels

Flexible loads in building clusters are a sizable source of demand flexibility that can be tapped to provide grid services. Even with extensive research on demand flexibility characterization, it is not well studied how characterizing demand flexibility can facilitate energy aggregators bidding into wholesale electricity markets. In this paper, we propose an innovative framework that characterizes demand flexibility from a building cluster in a bottom-up manner and generates detailed information that can be used for bidding into the ancillary services market. Our framework allows system operators to perform a comprehensive evaluation of grid service bids submitted by energy aggregators. Different characterization parameters have been suggested depending on temperature setpoint and dead-band schedules. As a computationally efficient representation of a building cluster, we introduce a novel, scalable virtual storage model capable of accounting for temporal changes in temperature setpoints and/or dead-bands. Unlike its existing counterparts, our model is applicable to any building cluster regardless of the level of heterogeneity in building properties. The proposed framework is tested on a cluster consisting of 1000 single-family houses, each equipped with a heat pump as the heating system, controlled by a three-layer hierarchical controller. The results demonstrate that detailed flexibility characterization allows system operators to procure demand-side grid services without thermal comfort being jeopardized or power systems being adversely affected. For the introduced bidding scheme to be viable, the system operator needs to have an accurate estimate of the baseline power trajectory of each aggregator. This is important for compensating aggregators and preventing a malicious one from submitting fraudulent bids.