Best Method For Production Research Articles

Cultivating Excellence: Formalizing Street Food Enterprises in Bangladesh through Quality Management and Customer Relationship Strategies

Purpose: Street foods are enjoyed by all walks of life throughout the world. It offers a variety of delicacies, easily accessible and affordable. The street food industry in Bangladesh is of no exception. However, street food vendors in Bangladesh typically come from low socioeconomic backgrounds and lack appropriate understanding of good production methods resulting in poor sanitary standards. The purpose of this study is to examine the prospects for sustainability and growth in Bangladesh's street food business since this sector has great economic potential for the country. Approach: Qualitative research approach was employed by interviewing ten street food vendors. The interviewees were asked on a wide range of questions including their history, understanding of quality management, understanding of customer relationship management, planning and delivery, and the regulatory frameworks under which business is conducted (18 questions in all). Findings: The findings reveal that street food vendors are not well-versed in waste reduction, hygiene, or food quality. They have very limited knowledge on how to manage their customer interactions or develop any skills in this area. Formalization of street food business is observed as a key driver towards sustainability and growth for this sector. Originality: This study brings to light the challenges of street food in Bangladesh arising from weakness in quality management and customer relationship management roadmap. Risk management, contingency planning, training, formal licensing, and audits are critical in order to improve industry sustainability.

Content of cannabinoids in clonally propagated industrial hemp

ABSTRACT Cannabis sativa L. is an extremely variable species. Even within the same cultivar plants can significantly differ in the content and profile of cannabinoids. Therefore, the best method for production of uniform plants and standardized raw material is vegetative propagation using clones. The aim of this study was to determine the content of cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), cannabidiol (CBD), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (Δ9-THCA), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), cannabichromene (CBC), cannabigerol (CBG), and cannabinol (CBN) in clonally propagated plants of industrial hemp. One hundred and thirty-nine plants representing 17 different hemp genotypes were regenerated in vitro, hardened, and grown in a vegetation hall until harvest. Single plants of each accession were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography with UV/diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD/UV). The results revealed significant variability in the total cannabinoid content (0.55–5.18% in dry weight) among tested genotypes and within the Epsilon 68 cultivar. The highest content of total CBD (4.410%) was recorded for EPS/40 genotype, while the level of total Δ9-THC was below the allowed threshold (0.3%). Therefore, we can conclude that some clonally propagated plants provided reproducible hemp material as a potential source of cannabidiol. The results of this study will be useful for breeding and early selection of hemp genotypes.

PROBLEMATIKA FAKTOR-FAKTOR PRODUKSI DALAM ILMU EKONOMI MODERN: SEBUAH UPAYA AKADEMIK DALAM INTEGRASI DAN ISLAMISASI KONSEP PRODUKSI

This study aims to determine the factors in the production concept in the western view and how the solutions provided by Islam are through integration and islamization methods which are then constructed through an Islamic worldview. The research method uses qualitative research with library research. The results of this study indicate that the western production theory has a capitalist economic system with worldly principles with an understanding that overrides God, namely income, wealth and prosperity in the world. Therefore, Islamic economics comes with bringing the best solution to the production concept that is widely embraced by western society by causing various damage, then the Islamization of the western production concept is based on the Islamic Worldview as the basis and the center is aqidah being the best solution to straighten the concept. The actual production offers three factors of production of renewal, namely the Caliph fil ardh (Human), Nature and all its contents and devotion to God Almighty as its pillar. The three offers of Islamic production renewal factors provide guidance and direction for good production methods so as to create halal and thoyyibah production results in order to achieve the benefit and welfare of the people.

Peningkatan Kualitas Produk Minuman IKM melalui Pengendalian Proses Produksi dan Higienitas

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are the largest business entities in Indonesia. Of this very large number, the largest proportion of SMEs is engaged in food and beverage production. Unfortunately, with such a large number, the awareness to apply food safety and hygiene standards in the SME production process is still considered very low. The results of our study found that one of the factors that affect product quality and competitiveness of SME is production process control and hygiene. The results of this research were then applied to a community service program for beverage SMEs in Malang Regency in the form of training on good and hygiene processed food production methods. The results of statistical tests and further observations carried out on the training participants found that this community service program was effective in increasing SMEs knowledge about good production methods, hygiene, and sanitation as well as bringing positive changes to their production systems which are expected to further improve product quality and competitiveness of SMEs.

SOSIALISASI PENERAPAN GOOD MANUFACTURING PRACTICE (GMP) DAN PENGOLAHAN PISANG BAGI SISWA SMK NEGERI I BAWEN

One of the expertise programs at SMK Negeri 1 Bawen is the Agribusiness Expertise Program for Processing Agricultural products and Fisheries (APHPP) has one package of expertise, namely Agricultural Product Processing Technology (TPHP). Students of the Agribusiness Expertise Program in Processing Agricultural products and Fisheries (APHPP) SMK Negeri 1 Bawen are prepared to become intermediate skilled workers in the agricultural products processing industry. To accommodate some of the objectives of SMK Negeri 1 Bawen is to equip students with knowledge, skills, and attitudes to be competent in carrying out good ways of production and carrying out the process of making various selected products, it is necessary to add knowledge and skills in terms of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) or in the Indonesian of Good Production Methods (CPB) and processing of food products (bananas). Knowledge about the application of GMP to the food industry for the general public and students of SMK Negeri 1 Bawen in particular is still not given to subjects. So it is necessary to socialize the importance of knowledge about the application of GMP and banana processing for students of SmK Negeri Bawen as a provision of knowledge in work and entrepreneurship. To increase / increase knowledge about the application of GMP and banana processing for students of SmK Negeri Bawen, socialization is carried out by providing the flow of application of GMP and how to make banana flour, banana nuget and banana dodol. This community service activity aims to provide information to the community, especially for students at SMK Negeri 1 Bawen about the importance of handling post-harvest bananas and how to process them and providing engineering skills for handling fresh bananas and how to process them. From the results of the devotion, it can be seen that the response from the students of SMK Negeri 1 Bawen is very enthusiastic, this can be seen from the discussions conducted, many questions were given to us, even from the school asking to be given more similar trainings but with different raw materials

Strategies for vegetative propagation and viral cleaning of a miniature ornamental pineapple hybrid

This study assessed and compared different methods for vegetative propagation of a miniature ornamental pineapple hybrid (ORN-MUT), seeking to determine the best method for production of plantlets, as well as for removal of the PMWaV viral complex from plants cultured in vitro, for production of healthy parent plants. Pineapple wilt is a disease that can cause large economic and is caused by a viral complex called Pineapple mealybug wilt-associated virus (PMWaV). For this, four propagation methods were evaluated (conventional, stem sectioning, micropropagation and etiolation of nodal segments). The time necessary for each method and the number of plants formed were assessed. Stem tips (0.5 mm) were cultured and indexed for three PMWaV types. Conventional propagation produced 17 plantlets per plant in 566 days, stem sectioning produced 2.3 plantlets per stem in 591 days, while the conventional micropropagation technique produced 1,284 plants after four subcultures in 778 days. Stems etiolated for 60 days showed peak production in the second subculture, with 1,224 plants. This method required 883 days to obtain plants with ideal size for transplantation to the field. In turn, stems etiolated for 120 days produced 935 plants at the end of four subcultures, with peak output in the third subculture, in which the plants could be cultivated in the field after 943 days. Conventional micropropagation and etiolation for 60 days were the best methods for production of plantlets of the ORN-MUT hybrid. The results of this work showed that the cultivation of shoot tips is an efficient strategy to remove the PMWaV complex and obtain healthy mother plants and can be a useful tool for other varieties of pineapple.

ВСЕСТОРОННЕЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ВЫДАВЛИВАНИЯ П-ОБРАЗНЫХ КРОНШТЕЙНОВ. АНАЛИЗ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ СПОСОБОВ ИХ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИЯ

By concrete comparison of technological possibilities of sheet-metal forging, rolling, profile bending, pressing and extruding, it has been found out that extrusion is the best method for production of П-shaped brackets with different thickness of forming elements.

Inovasi Produk Ukm Putri Timus Melalui Timus Frozen

The activities of the Program Pengembangan Produk Daerah (PPPUD) have been carried out at Micro small business (MSB) Putri Timus, which is held at Manggung RT 03 RW 08 Cangakan Karanganyar. This PPPUD activity is made in the framework of promoting the timus as a superior product in the Karanganyar area. MSB Putri Timus produce fried timus which is a typical Karanganyar food and souvenir. The fried timus that provides MSB has a specialty that is bligo (Benincasa hispida). But the drawback of this product is not durable, only last less than 24 hours. The purpose of this activity is to carry out production through frozen timus so that durability can be marketed outside the Karanganyar region. The method used to achieve the objectives is to increase knowledge about Good Production Methods (GMP) and freezer procurement. The result of this activity is the availability of freezers and the production of timus frozen by MSB Putri Timus. The resulting frozen timus specifications are available in a plastic bag containing 12 timus. This frozen thymus has a durability of more than 30 days.

Effect of Different Processing Conditions on Proximate and Bioactive Contents of Solanum aethiopicum (Shum) Powders, and Acceptability for Cottage Scale Production

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different processing conditions for production of dried Solanum aethiopicum (S.) leaf powder by comparing solar drying and cabinet drying processing techniques. Four (4) pre-treatments were done on S. aethiopicum leaves to inhibit enzyme action and prolong storage life. Treatments included dipping in; 10% saline solution, 10% vinegar solution, water (as the control), and steam blanching; done for both whole and sliced S. aethiopicum leaves. Each of the resultant samples were dried in both solar and cabinet dryers for a period of 24 hours. The dried leaf samples were grounded into powder using a coffee grinder and subjected to different laboratory analyses including; catalase activity, moisture content, vitamin C retention capacity and phytate content analyses. The results obtained were analysed using MINITAB version 16.0 at 5% significance level. The results showed that there was a reduction in catalase activity after pre-treatment and drying from 5.0±0.0 cm3 for the fresh un-treated leaves to a range of 4.5±0.7 – 3.0±0.0 cm3 for whole solar dried; 4.5±0.7-4.0±0.0 cm3 for sliced solar dried; 4.0±0.0 - 3.0±0.0 cm3 for whole cabinet dried and 3.5±0.7-2.3±0.7 cm3 for sliced cabinet dried leaf powder. Solar dried S. aethiopicum leaf powder contained significantly high moisture content than hot air cabinet dried one (24.9±0.5 % for saline treated sliced leaves to 8.9±0.8 % for blanched sliced leaves, than hot air cabinet dried one with 9.3±0.0 % for sliced plain water treated leaves to 7.0±0.2 % for sliced vinegar treated leaves; respectively). Cabinet dried S. aethiopicum contained significantly more vitamin C content (1.1±0.2 mg for whole blanched leaves compared to 0.6±0.1 mg for sliced vinegar treated leaves) than the solar dried one (1.0±0.2 mg for sliced plain water treated leaves to 0.6±0.1 mg for sliced vinegar treated leaves). There was no significant difference in phytate content between the hot air cabinet dried and solar dried i.e. 0.7±0.1 - 0.2±0.1 mg for solar and 0.7±0.1 - 0.3±0.3 mg for cabinet dried. Solar dried S. aethiopicum powder contained significantly higher catalase than the hot air cabinet dried one (4.5±0.7 - 3.0±0.0 and 4.0±0.0 - 2.5±0.7 cm3; respectively). However, in terms of acceptability, there was high preference for saline treated leaf powder soups compared to other soups. It can be concluded that High activity of catalase, moisture retention and high loss of Vit.C occurs in the solar drier than in cabinet drier. Whole leaf saline pretreated leaf powder soup is rated high compared to other dried soups. Therefore, the best method for production of dried S. aethiopicum powder is by slicing, dipping it in plain water and drying using a cabinet dryer. Under circumstances where cabinet drying is not achievable, solar drying is recommended using whole leaf, pretreated with saline water to promote preservation and consumption of the vegetable.

EDEMA-REDUCING ACTIVITY OF SARGASSUM CRASSIFOLIUM Β-GLUCAN (LAMINARAN) ON EDEMA-INDUCED RATTUS NORVEGICUS

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate anti-inflammatory activity of β-glucan (laminaran) of brown algae, Sargassum crassifolium which was extracted by using two different methods, β-glucan laminaran acid extract (LAE) and laminaran modified extract (LME).Methods: β-glucan (laminaran) of brown algae, S. crassifolium have been extracted using two different methods, namely, β-glucan LAE and LME. The edema reducing activity of the extracts was investigated with carrageenan- induced leg edema male of Rattus norvegicus as a model.Results: The swelling of edema was strongly inhibited by the treatment of LME with a percentage of 81.62% after 3rd hr. It also found that the size of edema were inhibited by all treatments with the value ranging from 25.49% to 81.68%. Smallest edema size was found on LME treatment, with a size of 0.68±0.09 mm where the control was about 0.92 mm. Furthermore, all β-glucan-treated mice showed lower edema size compared to control.Conclusion: It was obvious that all type of laminaran had anti-inflammatory activity. LME is the best method for production of β-glucan (laminaran) with high anti-inflammatory activity. Hence, in this study, we reported a new anti-inflammatory agent derived from S. crassifolium.

Stabilization of an intracellular Mucor circinelloides lipase for application in non-aqueous media

Different methods for stabilization of Mucor circinelloides lipase, facilitating its application in organic solvents were tested. Lipase was either isolated from the mycelium and immobilized on solid carriers (derivatives of cellulose, diatomaceous earth, modified porous glass) or immobilized in situ in the mycelium pellets and stabilized. The immobilized enzyme preparations were used for synthesis of sucrose, glucose, butyl and propyl oleates and caprylates, carried out in petroleum and di-n-pentyl ethers. Immobilized preparations of either crude or purified lipase isolated from the mycelium were at least 4–6 times less effective in sucrose esters synthesis than mycelium-bound lipase preparations. Lipase preparation with the highest synthetic activity was obtained by cross-linking of M. circinelloides mycelium pellets with glutardialdehyde (operational stability in sucrose caprylate synthesis was 94% after 4 runs (24h each), and caprylic acid conversion was 91–85%). The best method for production of mechanically durable biocatalyst, which efficiently catalyzed sucrose esters synthesis, was found to be entrapment of the mycelium-bound lipase in polyvinyl pyrrolidone-containing chitosan beads solidified with hexametapolyphosphate.

Measurement of English farming technological change, 1523–1900

I have argued that for the period from 1661 to 1850, patent data in England were consistent in that no official changes in methods and standards of issuance occurred. Book data on titles published on farming production methods were similarly consistent from 1523 to the mid-19th century because the market for books developed gradually and the technology of printing was not substantially changed until the mid-19th century. My main point is that data on output of titles of books on farming productive techniques in England are useful measures of technological change. Books did have information on good production methods and could express productive ideas where a patent may not be issued. Further, the literacy rate of farmers was high so that books were likely an important source of ideas on farming production methods. Finally, the fluctuations in the book data were highly related to the fluctuations in the patent data, suggesting that a common set of factors caused those fluctuations. The high correlations between the detrended book and patent data indicate that if we accept patenting as a useful measure of technology we may also accept book title output of a technical nature as a good measure of technical change. I used the data for a simple analysis of the trend growth rate of agricultural technology in England from 1551 to 1850. While there is limited evidence to show that the subperiod 1651–1750 saw a slowing in the trend of development of farming technology, I argue that a division of the entire period into subperiods is too simplistic. A more fruitful approach would be an analysis of the underlying forces that determined the trend of development of the technology of English agriculture. The next step is an analysis of the forces that influenced technological development of English farming. From an economic point of view, market forces play an important role in influencing technology. Because such an analysis deserves careful consideration, I leave that to another paper (see Sullivan and Simon, 1983).

Vacuum-packaging of bovine edible offal

Edible offals are relatively perishable and may be frozen before leaving the abattoir, commanding a lower price on the wholesale market than fresh offals. Investigations are described in which a range of offals was vacuum-packaged in an effort to extend the shelf-life of the fresh material. Several visits to two abattoirs revealed that their offals after chilling were generally of rather poor microbiological quality, partly due to handling practices and, in one abattoir, to inadequate chilling. Reductions in the initial microbial load on hearts and tongues were achieved by immersion in water at 90°C, or with 100 ppm free chlorine or 1 % (v/v) lactic acid. However, these treatments offered no advantage over good production methods in extending the safe storage period in the vacuum-package. When offals produced under normal conditions were vacuum-packaged a storage period of 2–3 weeks at 1°C ± 1° was achieved which allowed a subsequent shelf-life of 3–4 days in air at 4°C. Offals produced with low initial numbers of contaminants gave the possibility of 1–2 weeks longer in the vacuum-package. A detailed investigation of the organisms growing on vacuum-packaged liver showed that a lactic flora developed during storage, but this did not inhibit potential spoilage organisms such as Pseudomonas or Alteromonas.