Background: Lidocaine hydrochloride (LDCA) is one of the medications used to treat burning mouth syndrome (BMS). The purpose of this study is to investigate whether benzocaine (BEN) can also be used for the treatment and examination of BMS. This study used quantitative sensory testing to investigate the effects of two surface anesthetics on the sensory function of the tongue tip.Methods: Thirty healthy women participated in this study. All participants completed a single-blind, randomized crossover study. Surface anesthetics- (2%LDCA, 20%BEN) and vaseline (control) were applied to the tongue tip. The experiment was conducted over three days, with each drug applied on a different day in a randomized order. The mechanical detection threshold (MDT), mechanical pain threshold (MPT), and numerical rating scale (NRS) were measured at the following points: before application of the drug (pre), immediately, at 5, 15, 30, and 60 minutes after application of the drug.Results: MDT immediately (P < 0.01), at 5 (P < 0.01) and 15 (2%LDCA: P = 0.0112, 20%BEN: P = 0.0128) minutes after application of the drug were significantly higher than pre-values in both local anesthetic sessions. MPT immediately (P < 0.01), at 5 (P < 0.01), 15 (P < 0.01), and 30 (P = 0.0026) minutes after application of 2%LDCA was significantly higher than pre-values. MPT immediately (P < 0.01), at 5 (P < 0.01) and 15 (P = 0.0057) minutes after application of 20%BEN was significantly higher than pre-values. NRS scores did not differ significantly between measurement periods or between drugs.Conclusions: This study suggested that 2%LDCA and 20%BEN may have comparable anesthetic effects on the sensory function of the healthy tongue tip.

EFFICACY OF PHOTOBIOMODULATION THERAPY ON PAIN PERCEPTION DURING LOCAL ANESTHESIA IN CHILDREN: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS.

Local anesthesia injection is an anxiety-provoking procedure in the dental office. Pain control is the master-key for effective behavior guidance, especially among pediatric patients. Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of intra-osseous (IO) anesthesia using Quicksleeper5 in eliminating pain during extraction of primary maxillary molars, compared to infiltration anesthesia.Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial involved 30 healthy cooperative patients aged 5-9 , who required extracting of one of their primary maxillary molars. They were randomly allocated to receive IO anesthesia (test group) or infiltration anesthesia (control group). Pain response was assessed at injection and extraction phases using Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and heart rate (HR). Pain-related behaviors were evaluated through FLACC scale. Postoperative complications were evaluated through a phone call.Results: There was no significant difference regarding the mean age of test and control groups (6.6 ± 1.4 and 6.7 ± 1.2 years, respectively). Lower pain scores were reported in the test group than control group using VAS (p=0.012, 0.028) and FLACC (p < 0.001) during injection and extraction phases, respectively. An increase in HR was noticed in both groups at the injection phase. However, higher values were recorded in the control group (p=0.002). Unlike the control group, HR returned to baseline records immediately postoperatively in the control group. Postoperatively, 13.3% of the participants in the test group reported residual pain at injection site, compared to 26.7% in the control group. Conclusion: IO anesthesia using QuickSleeper5 is an efficient tool for reducing pain upon local anesthesia administration and primary maxillary molar extraction.

Background: Total knee replacement (TKR) is a commonly performed orthopedic procedure aimed at relieving pain and restoring joint function in patients with advanced knee pathology. The choice of anesthesia—regional anesthesia (RA) versus general anesthesia (GA)—has been shown to influence various recovery outcomes. RA is increasingly recognized for its potential to reduce postoperative pain, minimize systemic side effects, and accelerate rehabilitation. However, evidence comparing its effectiveness with GA remains inconsistent and context-specific. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of regional versus general anesthesia in improving early postoperative outcomes—specifically pain, mobility, complications, and patient satisfaction—within 24 hours of knee replacement surgery. Methods: A descriptive analytical study was conducted over six months at Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, involving 79 patients aged 50–80 years undergoing primary unilateral knee replacement. Participants were grouped based on anesthesia type: RA (n=45) and GA (n=34). Data were collected through hospital records and structured patient feedback forms. Pain was assessed using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) at 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively. Additional outcomes included mobility status, presence of complications (e.g., nausea, respiratory issues, infection), discharge readiness, and satisfaction with pain management. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, with a significance threshold of p&lt;0.05. Results: Patients receiving RA reported lower mean pain scores at 6 hours (4.72 ± 2.02), 12 hours (3.04 ± 1.57), and 24 hours (3.39 ± 1.87), compared to GA patients (6.74 ± 2.42, 4.26 ± 1.89, and 4.75 ± 2.76, respectively; p&lt;0.05 for all). Mobility within 24 hours was achieved by 50.6% of participants, and 54.4% were discharge-ready. Additionally, 54.4% reported no nausea, while 53.2% experienced respiratory complications. Overall satisfaction with pain management was noted in 39.2% of cases. Conclusion: Regional anesthesia was more effective than general anesthesia in enhancing early postoperative recovery in knee replacement patients, offering better pain control, fewer side effects, and faster ambulation. These findings support the broader use of RA in TKR procedures, though further research is needed to explore long-term benefits.

Background: Post-operative respiratory complications are a significant concern following urogenital surgeries, particularly in patients administered general anesthesia. Hypoxemia, atelectasis, and hypoventilation are commonly reported, leading to extended hospital stays, ICU admissions, and elevated morbidity and mortality rates. These risks are further amplified by patient-related factors such as advanced age, obesity, and comorbidities. In resource-limited settings, constraints in respiratory monitoring and perioperative care intensify these outcomes, necessitating context-specific strategies to improve patient safety and post-operative recovery. Objective: To determine the incidence, risk factors, and consequences of post-operative respiratory complications in patients undergoing urogenital surgeries, and to compare the respiratory outcomes between general and spinal anesthesia. Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted over six months at a tertiary care hospital. Data were collected for 50 patients aged 18 to 65 years who underwent urogenital surgery under general or spinal anesthesia. Patient demographics, comorbidities, anesthesia type, and post-operative respiratory outcomes were recorded. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied using SPSS. Chi-square tests, t-tests, and multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify associations and risk factors. The impact of resource availability and preventive strategies—including early mobilization, incentive spirometry, non-invasive ventilation, and capnography—was also evaluated. Results: Post-operative respiratory complications were observed in 60% of patients, with hypoxemia (28%), atelectasis (20%), and hypoventilation (16%) being the most prevalent. General anesthesia was associated with a higher complication rate (73.3%) compared to spinal anesthesia (26.7%). Risk factors significantly associated with complications included age &gt; 60 years (p = 0.021), BMI ≥ 30 (p = 0.045), hypertension (p = 0.030), and diabetes mellitus (p = 0.018). Complications led to prolonged hospital stays (&gt;7 days in 43.3% of cases), increased ICU admissions (33.3%), and a mortality rate of 10%. Limited access to capnography (64%), mechanical ventilators (50%), and respiratory therapists (70%) posed major challenges. Preventive strategies such as capnography monitoring (50% reduction), non-invasive ventilation (45%), and early mobilization (40%) were found to be significantly effective (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: Post-operative respiratory complications in urogenital surgeries remain a prevalent and serious concern, especially under general anesthesia and in high-risk patients. Resource constraints further exacerbate outcomes. However, low-cost preventive measures and targeted perioperative strategies can significantly reduce complication rates and improve patient safety.

The electrochemical oxidation of biomass for the production of value-added chemicals represents a promising approach in the field of sustainable chemistry. In this study, we investigated the electrochemical conversion of d-glucose, a biomass-derived compound, using boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrodes under constant applied current (10 mA) or potentials (1.5-3.0 V vs Ag/AgCl). The reaction products were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) measurements, employing both p-aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester (ABEE) and l-tryptophan amide labeling methods to enable characterization. The results demonstrated that the BDD electrodes achieved 95.9% d-glucose degradation and successfully generated various rare sugars, including d-arabinose (0.126 mmol/L), d-erythrose (0.0544 mmol/L), d-glyceraldehyde, and l-glyceraldehyde (combined 0.148 mmol/L). Under identical conditions, Pt electrodes as a control showed only 10.2% d-glucose degradation with significantly lower rare sugar yields. The applied potential significantly influenced the product distribution, with optimal rare sugar production observed at 2.5 V vs Ag/AgCl, reflecting a balance between glucose oxidation and product degradation. Mechanistic studies suggest that the formation of rare sugars involves a series of oxidation and decarboxylation reactions, facilitated by electrochemically generated active species. The superior performance of the BDD electrodes is attributed to their wide potential window, efficient generation of oxidizing species, and unique surface characteristics. This research provides new insights into the electrochemical transformation of biomass-derived compounds and demonstrates the potential for sustainable production of high-value rare sugars, opening avenues for applications in food science, pharmaceuticals, and green chemistry.

Su1460: EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA IN ESOPHAGECTOMY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

Objective: A comparison was conducted between ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia protocols, tumescent anesthesia, and unilateral spinal anesthesia in patients with varicose vein disease of the lower extremities undergoing endovenous laser ablation and miniphlebectomy. Materials and Methods: The study assessed the impact of various anesthetic protocols on nociceptive and stress systems, as well as systemic hemodynamics, in patients with lower extremity varicose vein disease. A total of 75 patients underwent endovenous laser ablation and miniphlebectomy. The patients were selected and randomized to receive one of the following types of anesthesia: 25 patients (Group 1) underwent surgery under ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia (blockade of the femoral nerve and sciatic nerve in the popliteal fossa); 25 patients (Group 2) received tumescent anesthesia; and 25 patients (Group 3) received unilateral spinal anesthesia. Results: Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia (blockade of the femoral and sciatic nerves in the popliteal fossa) demonstrated superior analgesic effect during the perioperative period in patients with lower limb varicose vein disease. Conclusions: Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia more effectively mitigates surgical stress compared to tumescent and unilateral spinal anesthesia in patients with varicose vein disease of the lower extremities.

Background:Patients with a history of raised intracranial pressure (ICP) present significant anesthetic challenges during lower limb surgeries. General anesthesia risks cerebral hemodynamic instability, while neuraxial blocks are relatively contraindicated. In such scenarios, peripheral nerve blocks may offer a safer alternative. Objective:To describe a case series of eight patients with recent head injuries and crush injuries to the foot, who underwent orthopedic surgery using ultrasound-guided perineural catheterization of the sciatic nerve via the popliteal approach. Methods:This prospective observational case series was conducted at a tertiary trauma center. Eight patients with trimalleolar or complex foot fractures, all with a background of subarachnoid hemorrhage or extradural hematoma, underwent orthopedic fixation under continuous sciatic nerve block and intermittent femoral nerve block. Intraoperative hemodynamic stability, pain scores, and postoperative outcomes were evaluated. Results:All eight patients tolerated the procedure well, with stable intraoperative vitals and no need for conversion to general anesthesia. Postoperative pain was effectively managed with continuous perineural infusion, with all patients reporting low VAS scores (&lt;3). No complications related to catheterization or neurological deterioration were observed. Conclusion:This case series demonstrates that ultrasound-guided perineural catheterization of the sciatic nerve is a viable and safe alternative to general or neuraxial anesthesia in high-risk patients with a history of raised ICP. It offers stable anesthesia, excellent analgesia, and minimal systemic impact in complex orthopedic foot surgeries.

EVALUATION OF ANXIETY LEVEL IN PATIENTS WHO WILL RECEIVE ANESTHESIA IN CENTRAL SURGICAL INSTALLATION SANGLAH HOSPITAL DENPASAR Background: Surgery and anesthesia could cause physiological and psychological stress which is expressed by patient as anxiety. Anxiety is one of the factors causing postoperative complications and it is a preventable condition. Objective: The purpose of this study was to know the level of anxiety and the factors that influence patient undergoing anesthesia at the Surgical Installation of Sanglah Hospital Denpasar. Methods: This study was conducted with an observational descriptive research design with cross-sectional approach and data is taken by total sampling. The subjects of this study were patients who would receive surgery and anesthesia at Central Surgical Installation. The research instruments included: informed consent, respondent's personal data, and Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HRSA) questionnaire. Results: The research subjects were 701 patients. Prevalence of anxiety in patients who will undergo anesthesia is 33,2%, 468 patients (66,8%) not experiencing anxiety, 90 patients (12,8%) mild anxiety, 61 patients (8,7%) moderate anxiety , 82 patients (11,7%) severe anxiety. Conclusion: Preoperative anxiety is a multifactorial event. The majority of patients do not experience anxiety. It is recommended to continue to improve the management and prevention of anxiety in a comprehensive manner. Keyword: Anxiety Levels, Preoperative Anxiety, Preoperative, Anesthesia

Background : Hypotension after induction of general anesthesia may lead to severe complications in elderly patients. This study investigated whether the respiratory variation of velocity time integral (ΔVTI) and peak velocity (ΔVpeak) of left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) could predict hypotension after induction of general anesthesia in elderly patients. Methods : 120 elderly patients undergoing selective operation under general anesthesia were enrolled in this study. ΔVTI and ΔVpeak of LVOT were measured by transthoracic echocardiography before induction of general anesthesia. After induction, mean arterial pressure (MAP) was recorded every 1 min for 15 min. Hypotension was defined as a decrease of more than 30% in MAP at baseline or MAP below 65 mmHg from the start of induction. Receiver operating characteristic curves with gray zone and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to assess the ability of ΔVTI and ΔVpeak of LVOT to predict hypotension after induction of general anesthesia. Results : Hypotension occurred in 64 (53.3%) patients after induction of general anesthesia. The area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) for δVpeak of LVOT to predict hypotension after induction of general anesthesia was 0.811, and the optimal cutoff value was 13.1% with a gray zone of 9.9% to 13.8%, including 45.0% of patients. The AUC for ΔVTI of LVOT was 0.890, and the optimal cutoff value was 13.8% with a gray zone of 11.1% to 13.9%, including 25.8% of patients. After adjusting for confounders, ΔVTI (Odds ratio = 2.24) and ΔVpeak (Odds ratio = 2.09) of LVOT were two significant independent predictors of hypotension after induction of general anesthesia. Conclusions : ΔVTI of LVOT was a reliable predictor of hypotension after the induction of general anesthesia in elderly patients. ΔVpeak of LVOT should be used cautiously to predict hypotension after induction of general anesthesia due to nearly half of elderly patients in the gray zone. Trial registration : This study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration number: ChiCTR2300077117).

Aim: To evaluate compound I, II, III, and IV's anticancer properties that have just been produced. These substances were created with the specific purpose of targeting solid tumors' carbonic anhydrase enzyme. Materials and Methods: The chemical synthesis involved the use of 4-aminobenzenesulfonamide, Ethyl 4-aminobenzoate, isatin and its derivatives, absolute ethanol, DMF, glacial acetic acid. Docking studies were conducted using the MOE software program version 2015.10. Results: Since acetazolamide and the sulfanilamide group shared the same pharmacophore, they were chosen. When compared to acetazolamide, compounds II and III produced a maximum score and an irreversible relationship. Conclusions: Using the Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) software, the binding model and two values the RMSD and S.score-are computed for newly synthesized compounds. When compared to acetazolamide, the theoretically generated compounds showed promise results with these proteins and good binding affinities with the receptor active pocket (S. score: - 6.89, -7.12, -6.75).

Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) have emerged as innovative drug delivery systems, offering distinct advantages over other lipid-based carriers, such as liposomes and solid lipid nanoparticles. Benzocaine (BZC), the oldest topical local anesthetic in use, undergoes metabolism by pseudocholinesterase, leading to the formation of p-aminobenzoic acid, a causative agent for allergic reactions associated with prolonged BZC usage. In order to mitigate adverse effects and enhance bioavailability, BZC was encapsulated within NLC. Utilizing a 23 factorial design, formulations comprising cetyl palmitate (solid lipid), propylene glycol monocaprylate (liquid lipid), and Pluronic F68 as surfactants were systematically prepared, with variations in the solid/liquid lipid mass ratios (60:40-80:20%), total lipid contents (15-25%), and BZC concentrations (1-3%). The optimized formulation underwent characterization by dynamic light scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, Raman imaging, X-ray diffraction, small-angle neutron scattering, nanotracking analysis, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)/cryo-TEM, providing insights into the nanoparticle structure and the incorporation of BZC into its lipid matrix. NLCBZC exhibited a noteworthy encapsulation efficiency (%EE = 96%) and a 1 year stability when stored at 25 °C. In vitro kinetic studies and in vivo antinociceptive tests conducted in mice revealed that NLCBZC effectively sustained drug release for over 20 h and prolonged the anesthetic effect of BZC for up to 18 h. We therefore propose the use of NLCBZC to diminish the effective anesthetic concentration of benzocaine (from 20 to 3% or less), thus minimizing allergic reactions that follow the topical administration of this anesthetic and, potentially, paving the way for new routes of BZC administration in pain management.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of spinal anesthesia (SA) with bupivacaine and ropivacaine on recovery of bladder function and time of ambulation in healthy men who were scheduled for hernia surgery. Methods: In this double-blind study, 60 patients of the American Society of Anesthesiologists I/II/III were assigned to Group B (bupivacaine)/Group R (ropivacaine). Before SA, ultrasonography-guided bladder volume was measured. After the operation, bladder volume was measured continuously every 2 hourly until the patient could void urine spontaneously or need of catheterization. Motor blockade and time of ambulation were recorded. Results: Bromage scale at 4 h was significantly higher (p=0.0001) in ropivacaine showing intrathecal ropivacaine 3.5 mL produce shorter motor blockade then 3.5 mL bupivacaine. Both Group R and Group B were comparable in terms of ability to void urine (p&gt;0.05), time to complete ambulation without support (p&gt;0.05), and time to negative Romberg test (p&gt;0.05). Negative correlation was found between the first spontaneous void urine and the modified Bromage scale. Conclusions: After SA with bupivacaine, only two patients developed post-operative urinary retention and none in the ropivacaine. However, Group R required lesser time to void and early recovery of motor function. The time to first void urine was more than the time for complete ambulation (1–3.5 h after ambulation).

Azo compound was prepared with ethyl-4-aminobenzoate reactor with (2-amino-3(4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoic acid) and this symbol (J25) was suggested. The compound was purified and Recrystallization with absolute ethanol and then performed diagnostic and analytical techniques where the compound was diagnosed with infrared spectrometry and mass spectrometry. Optical spectrometry to pH values within the range (2-12), which included determining the highest absorption value of the compound and identifying Isopstic points. Different polarized solvents also had an impact on electronic spectrometry. The biological effectiveness of the compound (J25) was studied against two types of bacteria (E. coli) and (staphylocococcus Aureuse) and the results showed the positive effect of the compound in inhibiting the growth of bacteria. This study has been legalized and presented for medical, chemical, physical, biological and other applications

Worldwide, breast cancer is the most common cancer. Male breast cancer (MBC) in men is still an uncommon and largely understudied disease. This disease makes up &lt;1% of breast cancers in humans. In both males and females, breast cancer has been associated with high mortality rates. More than 80% of patients diagnosed with breast cancer will undergo surgery as part of their treatment and in most cases; surgery is performed under general anaesthesia. However, the coexistence of significant cardiac comorbidities further complicates the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of breast cancer in the elderly. This case report describes the presentation, diagnostic journey, and the anaesthetic and surgical management of breast cancer in a 92-year-old male with a significant cardiac morbidity that impacts with the quality of life of the patient. The report also highlights the challenges associated with the intraoperative anaesthetic and postoperative pain management of the patient. It emphasizes the importance of multispecialty collaboration and the development of adjuvant treatments which are tailor made for the patient.

The synthesis and spectrum of of a new azo ligand derived from acetylacetone and benzocaine (Ethyl p-aminobenzoate)). Spectral investigations such as 1H NMR,FT.IR, 13C-NMR and Mass spectra were performed to investigate the azo dye ligand's structure. Several physiochemical approaches, FT-IR, electronic spectra, molar conductivity, atom absorption, and magnetic susceptibility were used to identify new complexes with CO(II), and Zn(II) ions Complexes that are all 1:2 [M:L] were formed using the procedures described, and an tetrahedral geometry with sp3 hybridization. At several pH ranges (2–12), the electronic spectra of these azo dyes have been examined in terms of their acid–base properties, which included determining their isosbestic points and protonation and ionization constants. In the other study, azodye were used as an inductor for acid-base titration.

Background: During a cesarean section, spinal anesthesia can result in post-dural puncture headaches. Objective: A group of female candidates for cesarean was studied to explore the link between post-spinal anesthesia headaches and factors, including age, BMI, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, duration of immobilization in the supine position after spinal anesthesia, and history of prior spinal anesthesia and post-dural puncture headache. The needle size, type, and technique used for spinal anesthesia remained constant throughout the study. Methods: A cohort study was conducted on 80 women who were scheduled to undergo cesarean sections at a hospital in Iran. Researchers used the numeric pain rating scale to assess the severity of the women's headaches following spinal anesthesia. Through t-tests and chi-square tests, the potential link between headaches and related factors was analyzed. Result: The researchers found no significant association between headaches and factors such as age, BMI, blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, duration of immobilization in the supine position after spinal anesthesia, and history of prior spinal anesthesia and post-dural puncture headache (P &gt; 0.5). Conclusion: When performing cesarean sections, anesthesia providers should consider all possible factors that could cause headaches in women who have undergone spinal anesthesia, regardless of age, BMI, blood sugar levels, blood pressure, immobilization time, or prior history of headaches.

Modern drug carrier technologies, such as microemulsions with small droplet sizes and high surface areas, improve the ability of low water solubility active ingredients to permeate and localize. The goal of this study was to create microemulsion formulations for wound healing that contained both fusidic acid (FA), an antibacterial agent, and benzocaine (BNZ), a local anesthetic. Studies on characterization were carried out, including viscosity, droplet size, and zeta potential. The drug-loaded microemulsion had a stable structure with –3.014 ± 1.265 mV of zeta potential and 19.388 ± 0.480 nm of droplet size. In both in vitro release and ex vivo permeability studies, the microemulsion was compared with Fucidin cream and oily BNZ solution. According to the drug release studies, BNZ release from the microemulsion and the BNZ solution showed a similar profile (p > 0.05), while FA release from the microemulsion had a higher drug release compared to Fucidin cream (p < 0.001). The microemulsion presented lower drug permeation (p > 0.05) for both active ingredients, on the other hand, provided higher drug accumulation compared to the control preparations. Moreover, according to the results of in vitro wound healing activity, the microemulsion indicated a dose-dependent wound healing potential with the highest wound healing activity at the highest concentrations. To the best of our knowledge, this developed BNZ- and FA-loaded microemulsion would be a promising candidate to create new opportunities for wound healing thanks to present the active ingredients, which have low water solubility, in a single formulation and achieved higher accumulation than control preparations.Graphical

Botrytis cinerea, the causative agent of gray mold disease (GMD), invades plants to obtain nutrients and disseminates through airborne conidia in nature. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain GD4a, a beneficial bacterium isolated from switchgrass, shows great potential in managing GMD in plants. However, the precise mechanism by which GD4a confers benefits to plants remains elusive. In this study, an A. thaliana-B. cinerea-B. amyloliquefaciens multiple-scale interaction model was used to explore how beneficial bacteria play essential roles in plant growth promotion, plant pathogen suppression, and plant immunity boosting. Arabidopsis Col-0 wild-type plants served as the testing ground to assess GD4a’s efficacy. Additionally, bacterial enzyme activity and targeted metabolite tests were conducted to validate GD4a’s potential for enhancing plant growth and suppressing plant pathogens and diseases. GD4a was subjected to co-incubation with various bacterial, fungal, and oomycete pathogens to evaluate its antagonistic effectiveness in vitro. In vivo pathogen inoculation assays were also carried out to investigate GD4a’s role in regulating host plant immunity. Bacterial extracellular exudate (BEE) was extracted, purified, and subjected to untargeted metabolomics analysis. Benzocaine (BEN) from the untargeted metabolomics analysis was selected for further study of its function and related mechanisms in enhancing plant immunity through plant mutant analysis and qRT-PCR analysis. Finally, a comprehensive model was formulated to summarize the potential benefits of applying GD4a in agricultural systems. Our study demonstrates the efficacy of GD4a, isolated from switchgrass, in enhancing plant growth, suppressing plant pathogens and diseases, and bolstering host plant immunity. Importantly, GD4a produces a functional bacterial extracellular exudate (BEE) that significantly disrupts the pathogenicity of B. cinerea by inhibiting fungal conidium germination and hypha formation. Additionally, our study identifies benzocaine (BEN) as a novel small molecule that triggers basal defense, ISR, and SAR responses in Arabidopsis plants. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain GD4a can effectively promote plant growth, suppress plant disease, and boost plant immunity through functional BEE production and diverse gene expression.