Bent Spine Research Articles

Research Progress of Camptocormia in Parkinson Disease.

Camptocormia, also known as bent spine syndrome, primarily affects individuals with Parkinson disease (PD). This review provides an overview of camptocormia in PD, covering its definition, epidemiology, causes, diagnosis, and treatment. In the epidemiology section, we delve into its prevalence, gender disparities, and ongoing genetic research. Regarding diagnosis and assessment, we discuss evolving diagnostic criteria and measurement techniques, as well as new diagnostic tools. For management and treatment, a wide array of options is available, from conservative methods such as physical therapy and botulinum toxin injections to surgical interventions such as spinal orthopedic surgery and deep brain stimulation. We stress the significance of personalized care and multidisciplinary collaboration. This comprehensive review aims to provide clinicians, researchers, and healthcare professionals with a comprehensive understanding of camptocormia in PD, highlighting its clinical features, diagnostic strategies, management approaches, and future perspectives.

A description of a new species of Mongolodiaptomus Kiefer, 1937 (Copepoda, Calanoida, Diaptomidae) from Thailand with an up-to-date key to the genus.

The genus Mongolodiaptomus is widely distributed in stagnant water bodies in Southeast Asia. During a comprehensive collection of freshwater copepods from different areas in Thailand, a previously unknown species of calanoid copepod, Mongolodiaptomusphutakaensis sp. nov., was recorded. Representatives were found in a natural swamp located in the Kok Phutaka community forest in Khon Kaen Province, northeastern Thailand. The new species belongs to the "M.loeiensis species group" and most closely resembles M.loeiensis and M.mekongensis by having a distinct shape of the second exopodal segment of the male right P5, with enlarged proximal and distal parts of the outer margin as well as a bent and twisted principal lateral spine. The new species can be distinguished from its congeners by various characters in the males. The ventral surface of the right caudal ramus has two chitinous teeth and two knobs. The intercoxal plate is slightly produced distally and without any spine. The right P5 basis lacks a hyaline membrane on the inner margin but has a distinct spur-like chitinous process at the mid-distal margin on the posterior surface. The left P5 basis has a thin, longer hyaline lamella on the inner margin. The new species is rare, having been observed in only one out of approximately 5,000 surveyed locations in Thailand. A detailed morphological comparison and an up-to-date key to the Mongolodiaptomus species are presented. Their taxonomic characters, interspecies relationships, and biogeography are discussed.

In inflammatory myopathies, dropped head/bent spine syndrome is associated with scleromyositis: an international case–control study

BackgroundSome myopathies can lead to dropped head or bent spine syndrome (DH/BS). The significance of this symptom has not been studied in inflammatory myopathies (IM).ObjectivesTo assess the significance of DH/BS...

Unraveling the mechanisms of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity and microglial activation in developing zebrafish

Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) is a prevalent, persistent organic pollutant in environmental matrices, yet its precise mechanism of neurotoxicity remains unclear. This study investigated the developmental and neurobehavioral effects of PFOS exposure (0, 100, 500, and 1000 μg/L) on zebrafish. The findings indicated that PFOS exposure caused various developmental abnormalities, including increased mortality, delayed hatching, shortened body length, bent spine, and edema in the pericardial and yolk sac regions. Subsequently, larvae exhibited a significant decrease in spontaneous movement frequency, altered touch-evoked response, and locomotor behavior. In fact, aberrant cellular responses in the brain and cardiac regions were observed. Microglial activation is a critical component of the inflammatory immune responses related to neurotoxicity. Likewise, our findings indicated that PFOS-induced microglial activation might be responsible for neuronal inflammation and apoptosis. Furthermore, AChE activity and dopamine content at the neurotransmitter level were also disrupted after PFOS exposure. The gene expression of dopamine signaling pathways and neuroinflammation were also altered. Collectively, our findings highlight that PFOS exposure can induce dopaminergic neurotoxicity and neuroinflammation through microglial activation, thus ultimately affecting behavior. Taken together, this study will provide mechanistic effects underlying the pathophysiology of neurological disorders.

An in vivo functional assay to characterize human STAT5B genetic variants during zebrafish development.

Growth hormone (GH) binding to GH receptor activates janus kinase 2 (JAK2)-signal transducer and activator of transcription 5b (STAT5b) pathway, which stimulates transcription of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3) and insulin-like growth factor acid-labile subunit (IGFALS). Although STAT5B deficiency was established as an autosomal recessive disorder, heterozygous dominant-negative STAT5B variants have been reported in patients with less severe growth deficit and milder immune dysfunction. We developed an in vivo functional assay in zebrafish to characterize the pathogenicity of three human STAT5B variants (p.Ala630Pro, p.Gln474Arg and p.Lys632Asn). Overexpression of human wild-type (WT) STAT5B mRNA and its variants led to a significant reduction of body length together with developmental malformations in zebrafish embryos. Overexpression of p.Ala630Pro, p.Gln474Arg or p.Lys632Asn led to an increased number of embryos with pericardial edema, cyclopia and bent spine compared with WT STAT5B. Although co-injection of WT and p.Gln474Arg and WT and p.Lys632Asn STAT5B mRNA in zebrafish embryos partially or fully rescues the length and the developmental malformations in zebrafish embryos, co-injection of WT and p.Ala630Pro STAT5B mRNA leads to a greater number of embryos with developmental malformations and a reduction in body length of these embryos. These results suggest that these variants could interfere with endogenous stat5.1 signaling through different mechanisms. In situ hybridization of zebrafish embryos overexpressing p.Gln474Arg and p.Lys632Asn STAT5B mRNA shows a reduction in igf1 expression. In conclusion, our study reveals the pathogenicity of the STAT5B variants studied.

Teaching Video Neuro Images : Bent spine syndrome as an early presentation of late-onset Pompe disease

Bent spine syndrome (BSS), an abnormal trunk anteroflexion of at least 45° that increases during walking and abates in supine position, is described in parkinsonism and myopathies.1 We report a 56-year-old man with genetically proven late-onset Pompe disease (LOPD) showing BSS (figure 1 and video 1 at [Neurology.org][1]). He complained of axial weakness that progressively forced him to walk stretching his arms backward since his 20s. Whole-body muscle MRI revealed severe fatty replacement of lumbar paraspinal (figure 2) and iliopsoas muscles, and spirometry showed restrictive ventilatory defect. Periodic acid-Schiff–positive vacuoles and reduced acid α-glucosidase activity were demonstrated in muscle biopsy. While lumbar hyperlordosis is a typical feature of LOPD, other trunk abnormalities may appear early in the disease. LOPD must be included in the differential diagnosis of BSS.2 [1]: http://neurology.org/lookup/doi/10.1212/WNL.0000000000004119

Deep Learning-Enabled Morphometric Analysis for Toxicity Screening Using Zebrafish Larvae.

Toxicology studies heavily rely on morphometric analysis to detect abnormalities and diagnose disease processes. The emergence of ever-increasing varieties of environmental pollutants makes it difficult to perform timely assessments, especially using in vivo models. Herein, we propose a deep learning-based morphometric analysis (DLMA) to quantitatively identify eight abnormal phenotypes (head hemorrhage, jaw malformation, uninflated swim bladder, pericardial edema, yolk edema, bent spine, dead, unhatched) and eight vital organ features (eye, head, jaw, heart, yolk, swim bladder, body length, and curvature) of zebrafish larvae. A data set composed of 2532 bright-field micrographs of zebrafish larvae at 120 h post fertilization was generated from toxicity screening of three categories of chemicals, i.e., endocrine disruptors (perfluorooctanesulfonate and bisphenol A), heavy metals (CdCl2 and PbI2), and emerging organic pollutants (acetaminophen, 2,7-dibromocarbazole, 3-monobromocarbazo, 3,6-dibromocarbazole, and 1,3,6,8-tetrabromocarbazo). Two typical deep learning models, one-stage and two-stage models (TensorMask, Mask R-CNN), were trained to implement phenotypic feature classification and segmentation. The accuracy was statistically validated with a mean average precision >0.93 in unlabeled data sets and a mean accuracy >0.86 in previously published data sets. Such a method effectively enables subjective morphometric analysis of zebrafish larvae to achieve efficient hazard identification of both chemicals and environmental pollutants.

Toxic effects of four cardiovascular drugs on the development and epigenetics of zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Due to the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, therapeutic drugs such as atenolol (ATE), metoprolol (MET), atorvastatin (ATO), and bezafibrate (BZB) have been widely used and thus frequently detected in surface water at ng·L−1–μg·L−1 level. In this study, the developmental toxicity of these drugs (0.5 μg·L−1–500 μg·L−1) to zebrafish, an aquatic model organism, was investigated; and the epigenetic toxicity of BZB was also explored. For all four drugs, the results showed that the drugs exposure could cause sublethal toxic effects on zebrafish larvae, such as decreases in hatching rate, body length, and heart rate. ATO also induced the swelling of the eyes of larvae by 5 %–15 %. Yolk sac edema, pericardial edema, bent spine, and tail malformation were observed in larvae exposed to the drugs, and yolk sac edema was the most common malformation. In addition, the spontaneous movement and free-swimming activity could be inhibited by the drugs. Combined with RNA-seq results, the adverse development of larvae in exposure groups may be caused by the disruption of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and the development and function of eye and nervous system. After a 30-day uptake period, the accumulation of BZB and the decrease of global DNA methylation level were observed in the liver, kidneys, gut, gills, and brain of adult zebrafish (4-month-old) exposed to 0.5 μg·L−1 to 500 μg·L−1 BZB. The liver was the main organ for BZB accumulation and the occurrence of DNA hypomethylation. In the liver, overexpression (1.5–7.6 times) of genes related to lipid metabolism (PPARα), DNA methylation (Dnmt1), and apoptosis (p53) was also observed. The results of the current study suggest that long-term exposure to low-concentrations of cardiovascular drugs may pose significant threats to aquatic ecosystems.

Prednisone and deflazacort in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a patient perspective and plain language summary publication of the Cincinnati study.

This is a summary of an article about the Cincinnati study, which was published in the Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research in January 2020. The Cincinnati study reviewed data from 435 males with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, also known as DMD, who were treated at the Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center. DMD is a rare disease that worsens over time. People with DMD experience inflammation in their muscles and muscle loss over time. They also experience bone problems such as an abnormally bent spine, also known as scoliosis, as well as heart and lung problems. Prednisone and deflazacort are steroids that help to reduce muscle inflammation and are used as treatments for DMD. The study researchers wanted to further understand the differences between using prednisone and deflazacort in males with DMD by reviewing data from past medical records of patients seen in clinics rather than in clinical studies. This is known as gathering real-world evidence. In the Cincinnati study, the researchers compared males with DMD who started taking prednisone as their first steroid treatment with males who started taking deflazacort as their first steroid treatment. Overall, the researchers found that the participants who took deflazacort were able to walk until a later age before they needed to use a wheelchair, compared with those who took prednisone. They also had a lower risk of scoliosis and developed it at a later age. These results helped the researchers to learn more about the differences between how well prednisone and deflazacort work in males with DMD based on their medical records.

Giving Voice to Pain: New Testament Narratives of Healing in the Poetry of Jacob of Serugh

The late antique Syriac poet, Jacob of Serugh (451–521CE), composed narrative poems or mēmrē on a variety of biblical stories featuring miraculous healings. This essay approaches the subject of pain through examining two of these works: Homily 169 about the woman with a bent spine from the Gospel of Luke (13:10–17) and Homily 170 about the woman with an uncontrolled flow of blood found in the Gospel of Mark (5:25–34) and recounted in Matthew 9:20– 22 and Luke 8:43–48. Composed for liturgical performance, Jacob's poems feature expanded descriptions of the women's bodies and imagined speeches. Through his crafted persona as poetic narrator, Jacob rendered the anomalous female body as a symbol for the sinful human condition, reflecting larger interpretative traditions surrounding these biblical stories. In addition to this exegetical approach, Jacob's poetic form allowed him to dramatise these encounters with Jesus through embellished, first-person speeches. Jacob centres the listener's attention on the physical pain, emotional distress, and the social implications of the bodily conditions of the biblical characters. As a result, his poetry resists the erasure of the female body through the closure of symbolic readings. He embedded his meditations on pain and the social consequences of physical impairment within an overarching anti-Jewish polemic. These complex literary representations project ideals of faithful suffering and Christian identity that were formative for the Syriac Christian communities who heard and preserved Jacob's writings.

Do Single-Component and Mixtures Selected Organic UV Filters Induce Embryotoxic Effects in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)?

UVs are important ingredients in common cosmetic products (e.g., sunscreens, hairsprays, soap). After their use, they can enter the aquatic ecosystem and negatively affect non-target aquatic organisms. The aim of our study was to evaluate acute embryotoxicity of selected organic UVs 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid (PBSA), ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate (EHMC), octocrylene (OC), 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC) and benzophenone-3 (BP-3). The chemicals were tested both as a single substance and their mixtures. The types of mixtures were chosen as follows: the combination of OC and 4-MBC; the combination of PBSA, EHMC and BP-3 and the combination of all five UV filters. The embryotoxicity was evaluated using a modified method of the Fish Embryo Acute Toxicity Test-OECD guideline 236 and zebrafish (Danio rerio) was selected as a suitable fish model organism. The toxic effects were studied by assessing mortality, hatching and the occurrence of malformations at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h post fertilization. The obtained results indicate that especially the mixture of OC and 4-MBC presents a potential risk of embryotoxicity for zebrafish due to a significant increase in mortality, which was 41.7% in the experimental group exposed to 10 μg/L at 96 h post fertilization. Based on our results, the most effected sub-lethal endpoints were hatching and malformation (e.g., edema of pericard, bent spine, yolk edema), but with no statistically significant effect. These results differ within groups with single UVs and with their mixtures, suggesting the interaction of these substances when they are exposed together.

Obesogenic and developmental effects of TBT on the gene expression of juvenile Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes).

The widely used antifoulant tributyltin chloride (TBT) is highly toxic to aquatic organisms. In the present study, four-week-old Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) juveniles were orally exposed to TBT at 1 and 10ng/g bw/d for 1, 2, and 4 weeks, respectively. Half of the tested medaka juveniles showed bone morphology alterations in both 1 and 10ng/g bw/d TBT 4-week exposure groups. Nile Red (NR) staining showed that the juveniles exposed to 1ng/g bw/d TBT for 2 and 4 weeks had significantly enlarged adipocyte areas. The mRNA-Seq analysis indicated that 1ng/g bw/d TBT exposure for 2 weeks affected bone morphology through developmental processes. The GO and KEGG analyses suggested that the adipogenic effect of TBT observed in this study may be induced by metabolic processes, oxidative phosphorylation, and fatty acid degradation and metabolism pathways. Therefore, both morphological observation and mRNA-Seq analysis showed obesogenic effects and developmental toxicity of TBT to juvenile Japanese medaka.

Relevance Method to Structure of Orthosis

There are many problems when treatment is needed. Such diseases occur in young and old people. The orthosis and their development have lot of problems. One way to solve this problem is to defi ne and apply standard rules and proce-dures throughout the development process. We show in this work is to develop a methodology to structure the orthosis design process. A case study was used to validate the proposed methodology. It was applied to the development of an orthosis to treat a camptocormia – bent spine syndrome. This disorder is char-acterized by the anterofl exion of the trunk and especially affects elderly people and young non-health people with difference disease.

Systemic effect of FHL1 on neuromuscular junction and myotube formation via insulin-like growth factor and myostatin signaling pathways

Four-and-a-half LIM domain protein 1 (FHL1) is a member of the FHL protein family that serves as a scaffold protein to maintain normal cellular structure and function. Its mutations have been implicated in multiple muscular diseases. These FHL1 related myopathies are characterized by symptoms such as progressive muscle loss, rigid or bent spine, even cardiac or respiratory failure in some patients, which implies pathological problems not only in muscles, but also in the nervous system. Moreover, decreased FHL1 protein level has been found in patients with FHL1 mutations, indicating the protein loss-of-function as a pathological cause of such diseases. These findings suggest the significance of understanding the systemic role of FHL1 in the homeostasis of nervous system and muscle. Here we reported that Fhl1 loss in C2C12 myotubes obscured acetylcholine receptor (AChR) clustering in addition to myotube fusion, which was associated with impaired MuSK phosphorylation. Mechanistically, myostatin-SMAD2/3 signaling was enhanced, whereas IGF-PI3K-AKT signaling was suppressed in Fhl1−/− C2C12 myotubes. Reversion of these molecular alterations rescued AChR clustering and differentiation deficits. These data outline a systemic regulation of AChR clustering and myotube fusion by FHL1, which may offer clues for mechanism study and development of therapeutic strategies to treat FHL1 related myopathies.

Relevance Method to Structure of Orthosis

There are many problems when treatment is needed. Such diseases occur in young and old people. The orthosis and their development have lot of problems. One way to solve this problem is to define and apply standard rules and procedures throughout the development process. We show in this work is to develop a methodology to structure the orthosis design process. A case study was used to validate the proposed methodology. It was applied to the development of an orthosis to treat a camptocormia - bent spine syndrome. This disorder is characterized by the anteroflexion of the trunk and especially affects elderly people and young non-health people with difference disease.

Evaluation of embryonic posture using four‐dimensional ultrasound and virtual reality

AimTo assess the possibility of embryonic posture evaluation (=feasibility, reproducibility, variation) at rest at 9 weeks' (+0–6 days) gestational age (GA) using four‐dimensional ultrasound and virtual reality (VR) techniques. Moreover, it is hypothesized that embryonic posture shows variation at the same time point in an uneventful pregnancy.MethodsIn this explorative prospective cohort study, 23 pregnant women were recruited from the Rotterdam periconceptional cohort. A transvaginal four‐dimensional ultrasound examination of 30 min per pregnancy was performed between 9 and 10 weeks' GA. The acquired datasets were offline evaluated longitudinally (i.e. per frame) using VR techniques.ResultsThe ultrasound data of 16 (70%) out of 23 pregnancies were eligible for evaluation. At rest the analysis of the embryonic posture was feasible and showed a strong (>80%) intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility for most body parts. The majority of the body parts were in similar anatomic positions at rest. However, variations in anatomic positions (e.g. 6% rotated head, 9% laterally bent spine), within and between embryos, were seen at 9 weeks' GA.ConclusionIn this unique study, we showed for the first time that embryonic posture measurements at rest can be performed in a reliable way using state‐of‐the‐art four‐dimensional ultrasound and VR techniques. Already early in prenatal life there are differences regarding posture within and between embryos.

Atypical motor neuron disease with bent spine clinical onset and long survival carrying C9orf72 expansion

Atypical motor neuron disease with bent spine clinical onset and long survival carrying C9orf72 expansion

MON-716 A Novel Human Heterozygous STAT5B Variant Leads to Impaired Growth and Developmental Defects in Zebrafish Embryos

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5b (STAT5b) has been identified as a key downstream mediator of GH signaling in somatic growth. Autosomic recessive human mutations in STAT5B lead to severe growth retardation associated to immune dysregulation. On the other hand, some heterozygous STAT5B mutations have been associated to a milder form of the disease. We have identified a heterozygous novel STAT5B mutation by Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) in a 2.2-year-old boy who presented proportionate short stature (height -2.77 SDS) with mild immune dysregulation. He also had normal GH response to provocative tests, low IGF-I levels, and a limited response to IGF generation test. This variant is located within the highly conserved SH2 domain responsible for recognizing and interacting with tyrosine-phosphorylated target peptides. The aim of our study was to evaluate the functional consequences of this novel heterozygous human STAT5B variant (K632N), using the zebrafish as a biosensor system, to determine its pathogenicity. To do this, we performed overexpression experiments microinjecting construct-derived mRNA for the wildtype (WT) and mutant variant into zebrafish embryos at the 1-cell stage and assessed the consequences at 72 hours post fertilization (hpf). The missense variant was introduced into the full length STAT5B cDNA clone (Origene) by site-directed mutagenesis. To generate mRNA, WT and mutant forms of STAT5B cDNAs were linearized by digestion with XhoI, purified and subsequently transcribed with Mmessage Mmachine T7 Transcription Kit. Zebrafish embryos microinjected with 100 and 200 pg of mutant mRNA show a dose dependent significant reduction of body length at 72 hpf compared to those microinjected with the same dose of WT mRNA (p<0.001). Body length reduction with 100 pg of mutant mRNA was 4%, while with 200 pg was 12.7% (p<0.001). In addition, a significant number of embryos injected with mutant mRNA show developmental defects including pericardial edema, bent spine, and cyclopia compared to those injected with WT mRNA (p<0.001). In the case of pericardial edema, the number of affected embryos increased significantly with the mutant mRNA dose (p<0.005). In conclusion, our study was able to evidence the pathogenic nature of the STAT5B K632N variant since it leads to growth and developmental defects in zebrafish embryos. The zebrafish, and its conserved GH-IGF-I axis, constitutes an ideal in vivo model for characterizing the functional effect of genetic variants in ortholog human genes.

제브라피쉬 초기배아발생단계의 기형현상을 이용한 만성 NOEC의 예측방법 개발

This study has developed a new simplicity toxicity assessment method that can predict the chronic NOEC (No Observed Effect Concentration) value rapidly by observing the morphological abnormality at the low concentration area in the early embryonic development stage of Danio rerio. As a result, the acute LOEC (Lowest Observed Effect Concentration) values of Camptothecin, Camphor and Curcumin were calculated as 9.3 nM, 1248.4 μM and 18.3 μM, respectively. The morphological anomalies were observed to yolk sac edema (YSE), pericardial edema (PE), black yolk (BY), bent spine (BS), albinism (A), dyed yellow yolk (DY), collapse symptoms of fertilized embryo tissue (CPFE), no heartbeat (NHB), reduced heart rate (RHR), hatching delay (HD), short body length (SBL). And acute NOEC values were classified into A-type and B-type depending on the presence or absence of morphological anomalies. A-type morphological anomalies were observed at 6.2 nM, 832.3 μM and 9.2 μM, similar to the area near acute LOEC except for albinism (A), dyed yellow yolk (DY), collapse symptoms of fertilized embryo tissue (CPFE), and no heartbeat (NHB). On the other hand, morphological anomalies of B-type did not occur at all in 0.4, 4.0, and 0.1 within 4 days, and the acute NOEC values of B-type were consistent with the chronic NOEC values at 32 days. This means that the concentration without any deformity in acute toxicity test during 4 days is consistent with the chronic NOEC value. That is, it is also a means to quickly calculate chronic NOEC using the acute NOEC value through the presence or absence of morphological abnormality in the Danio rerio embryo development stage of short term.

Determinantes de alterações músculo-esqueléticas em adolescentes: impllicações para a prevenção

Introduction: The trend of increased incidence and prevalence of musculoskeletal changes has been considered a concern, especially in the adolescent age group, given its evolution to chronicity. In this context, this study has as main objectives: to evaluate the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in adolescents; and identify a set of sociodemographic, anthropometric and circumstantial determinants associated with these same musculoskeletal changes. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive-correlational study was carried out using a simple random probabilistic sample composed of 200 adolescents who attend three schools in the municipality of Viseu, mostly female (52%), resident in (70.5%) and with a mean age of 12.54 years (Dp = 1.76). The data collection instrument incorporates 4 sections: sociodemographic, anthropometric, circumstantial characterization; and evaluation of musculoskeletal disorders, using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Results: Adolescents show musculoskeletal changes reported in the last 12 months, mostly at the neck (35%), followed by the shoulder 27.5%), ankle (26%), lumbar area (22.5%), knees (19.5%), wrist / hand (13%), hip (11%), thorax (10.5%) and finally, elbow (4.5%). As determinants of musculoskeletal disorders it was found that it is the adolescents who attend the 7th grade, male, who practice sports, with poor sleep quality, sleep on hard mattresses, with a backpack weight of more than 10% of body weight, who consider school furniture uncomfortable and with inadequate posture Bent spine, away from the chair, and hanging / stretched feet) that have a higher incidence of musculoskeletal disorders. On the other hand, the effect of age, place of residence, educational institution, health problems, locker use, home-school and home-school transportation, method of transport of school material and time spent on transportation of school material was not revealed statistically significant. Conclusion: This study evidences the idea that musculoskeletal disorders are present in a considerable group of adolescents, showing some determinants a significant effect, which allows to verify the need to develop prevention strategies in the school health area, where the intervention of health professionals in articulation with those of education can be decisive.