Benefits Of Exclusive Breastfeeding Research Articles

Adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the breastfeeding self-efficacy scale to assess exclusive breastfeeding: a cross-sectional study in rural China.

Despite the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding, the proportion of exclusively breastfed children remains low in rural China. Self-efficacy is one of the most crucial modifiable factors predicting breastfeeding behavior. However, existing instruments in China do not specifically measure self-efficacy for exclusive breastfeeding but rather measure self-efficacy for any breastfeeding. Furthermore, they have been validated only in high-income Chinese settings. We sought to adapt and validate an instrument to measure exclusive breastfeeding self-efficacy within rural Chinese contexts. We introduced relevant items to Dennis' Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF), which can assess maternal self-efficacy for exclusive breastfeeding. It was then implemented in a multistage random cluster sampling design and cross-sectional survey with home-visit interviews among women 0-6 months postpartum (n = 654) in the rural areas of four counties in Sichuan, China. We performed item-total and adjusted item-total correlations, as well as exploratory factor analysis to remove redundant items and determine the latent factor structure. We further applied confirmatory factor analysis to test the dimensionality of the scale. We then assessed the reliability of the scale and conducted tests of predictive and divergent validity. Known group comparisons were made by primiparous status and breastfeeding support level. We compared the validated Exclusive Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale with the BSES-SF in terms of reliability and validity to explore the added value of scale modification. Our modification of the BSES-SF to target exclusive breastfeeding produced 19 items. This was further reduced to 15 items based on adjusted item-total correlations and exploratory factor analysis, forming the Exclusive Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale. This scale had three dimensions: "Breast milk supply and quality," "Breastfeeding skills," and "Exclusive breastfeeding" subscales. The Exclusive Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale demonstrated strong internal consistency and overall reliability with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.91. Predictive and divergent validity and known group comparison assessments supported its validity. Robust psychometric evaluations demonstrated enhanced validity and reliability compared to the original BSES-SF. Our Exclusive Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale is valid and reliable for measuring exclusive breastfeeding self-efficacy within rural Chinese contexts and is ready for adaptation and validation for clinical and programmatic use elsewhere, particularly within LMICs.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Exclusive Breastfeeding among Lactating Mothers in Rural Bangladesh

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding stands at the forefront of maternal and child health, serving as a fundamental pillar for ensuring the optimal growth and development of infants. It not only acts as a crucial source of nutrition but also plays a pivotal role in fortifying the physical and cognitive well-being of newborns, while simultaneously fostering a profound bond between mothers and their infants.Objective: This research seeks to gauge the level of awareness among lactating mothers regarding the significance and benefits of exclusive breastfeeding. It aims to comprehend their attitudes towards exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and scrutinize their actual practices in implementing this vital aspect of infant care.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Community Medicine, ASWMC, Jashore, in 2018. Data collection took place in the Outpatient Department (OPD) of 'Ad-din Sakina Medical College Hospital' and 'Mother & Child Welfare Centre, Jashore.Results: The study demonstrates a high awareness and adherence to exclusive breastfeeding, with 94.4% aware, 90.9% knowledgeable about recommended duration, 49.9% recognizing advantages, 14.6% aware of disadvantages, and a substantial majority (92.5%) practicing exclusive breastfeeding, though 7.5% do not.Conclusion: Bridging knowledge gaps, cultivating positive attitudes, and promoting consistent breastfeeding practices emerge as crucial components of a comprehensive strategy to boost exclusive breastfeeding rates. The collaboration between healthcare providers, policymakers, and the community is indispensable for the success of such initiatives, ultimately contributing to the overall health and well-being of both infants and lactating mothers. KYAMC Journal Volume: 15, No: 01, April 2024: 46-49.

HUBUNGAN ANTARA DUKUNGAN SUAMI DENGAN PEMBERIAN ASI EKSKLUSIF DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS MESIANG KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN ARU MALUKU

Exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of life has been proven to bring many health benefits to the baby and mother. Breast milk provides essential nutrients, protects against infection and can increase the baby's antibodies. Husbands have an important role in supporting the practice of exclusive breastfeeding. Support from the husband can take the form of providing accurate information about the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding, providing emotional support to the wife, and helping to overcome obstacles that may arise during the breastfeeding process. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between husband's support and exclusive breastfeeding in the Mesiang Health Center Working Area, Aru Islands Regency, Maluku. The research method is correlation analysis with a cross sectional approach. The population used were all mothers of toddlers aged 6-12 months, totaling 43 respondents. The sample used was 38 mothers who had babies aged 6 - 12 months who were selected using simple random sampling. The data collection instrument uses a questionnaire. Chi Square statistical test. The results of the research are that there is a relationship between husband's support and exclusive breastfeeding in the Mesiang Health Center Working Area, Aru Islands Regency, Maluku, with a value of p = 0.031, p < ?, ?=0.05. The conclusion is that the social support provided by the husband to the wife will increase the mother's motivation and enthusiasm in providing exclusive breastfeeding, so that the target of exclusive breastfeeding can be achieved, and health workers can also play an important role in achieving the success of exclusive breastfeeding. Keywords: Husband's support, exclusive breastfeeding.

The Relationship Between Breastfeeding Mother's Knowledge and Feeding Exclusive Breastfeeding at PMB A Bogor City

Breast milk (breast milk) is the main and best food at the beginning of a baby's life naturally, without other food additives in babies aged 0-6 months. The Indonesia Health Profile (2018) shows that the proportion of breastfeeding patterns in Indonesia is 37.3%, this figure is still below the target of 80%. The percentage of exclusive breastfeeding in Bogor City in 2019 was 54.7%. In 2020 before, it was 53.15%. In the PMB A work area of Bogor City, the coverage of exclusive breastfeeding is low. Various factors affect the provision of exclusive breastfeeding, including the lack of information and knowledge of mothers about the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding. Research Objective: To find out the relationship between breastfeeding mothers' knowledge and exclusive breastfeeding in PMB A Bogor City. This study uses an analytical descriptive method with a cross-sectional design. The total population is 39 people, with a sample of 36 people. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires. The analysis methods used were univariate test and bivariate test using Chi-square ? = 0.05. Univariate analysis showed that breastfeeding mothers aged 21-30 years (61.1%), high school education (33.3%), and IRT employment (58.3%). Knowledge is lacking (41.7%), and mothers do not breastfeed exclusively (55.6%). The results of the bivocal analysis showed that there was a relationship between maternal knowledge and exclusive breastfeeding (p-value a = 0.004). There is a relationship between maternal knowledge and exclusive breastfeeding in PMB A Bogor City.

Addressing the Twin Threats: Combating Child Stunting and Poverty Among Indonesian Farmworker Families

This study identifies the underlying factors contributing to child stunting and poverty among Indonesian farmworker households. We use logistic regression and the Indonesian Family Life Survey to measure this study. The findings indicate that social and demographic factors significantly influence poverty among farming families. Families with more farming businesses and land ownership are less likely to be poor. However, there is no significant link between agricultural productivity and child stunting. Positive factors for child nutrition include exclusive breastfeeding for at least two years and a father's higher education level. In contrast, older maternal age and larger household size increase the likelihood of child stunting. The study highlights the importance of social and demographic factors in addressing poverty and child health in agricultural settings. Parental education and breastfeeding practices play crucial roles in preventing stunting. To address these issues, policies should focus on educating parents about the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding and early childhood nutrition. Supporting farming families by increasing agricultural productivity and land ownership is essential. Developing targeted nutritional programs for children in larger households and those with older mothers can help prevent stunting.

Evaluating the process of practice enhancement for exclusive breastfeeding (PEEB): a participatory action research approach for clinical innovation

BackgroundDespite the known benefits of exclusive breastfeeding, global rates remain below recommended targets, with Ireland having one of the lowest rates in the world. This study explores the efficacy of Participatory Action Research (PAR) and Work-Based Learning Groups (WBLGs) to enhance breastfeeding practices within Irish healthcare settings from the perspective of WBLG participants and facilitators.MethodsEmploying a PAR approach, interdisciplinary healthcare professionals across maternity, primary, and community care settings (n = 94) participated in monthly WBLGs facilitated by three research and practice experts. These sessions, conducted over nine months (November 2021 – July 2022), focused on critical reflective and experiential learning to identify and understand existing breastfeeding culture and practices. Data were collected through participant feedback, facilitator notes, and reflective exercises, with analysis centered on participant engagement and the effectiveness of WBLGs. This approach facilitated a comprehensive understanding of breastfeeding support challenges and opportunities, leading to the development of actionable themes and strategies for practice improvement.ResultsData analysis from WBLG participants led to the identification of five key themes: Empowerment, Ethos, Journey, Vision, and Personal Experience. These themes shaped the participants’ meta-narrative, emphasising a journey of knowledge-building and empowerment for breastfeeding women and supporting staff, underlining the importance of teamwork and multidisciplinary approaches. The project team’s evaluation highlighted four additional themes: Building Momentum, Balancing, Space Matters, and Being Present. These themes reflect the dynamics of the PAR process, highlighting the significance of creating a conducive environment for discussion, ensuring diverse engagement, and maintaining energy and focus to foster meaningful practice changes in breastfeeding support.ConclusionThis study highlights the potential of WBLGs and PAR to enhance the understanding and approach of healthcare professionals towards breastfeeding support. By fostering reflective and collaborative learning environments, the study has contributed to a deeper understanding of the challenges in breastfeeding support and identified key areas for improvement. The methodologies and themes identified hold promise to inform future practice and policy development in maternal and child health.

Association between migraine and exclusive breastfeeding: A cross-sectional study.

Medical conditions may preclude a mother from exclusively breastfeeding her infant; however, the association between migraine and the duration of exclusive breastfeeding is not well known. To evaluate the association between migraine and the duration of exclusive breastfeeding in a representative sample of Canadian females. We used the Canadian Community Health Survey, a cross-sectional survey, to identify females aged 20-49 years who delivered a baby in the previous 5 years. History of migraine was self-reported. Females reported if they breastfed their baby, and among those who did, they further reported the duration of exclusive breastfeeding. We evaluated the association between migraine and the rate of breastfeeding, and the duration of exclusive breastfeeding adjusting for selected covariates. We included 5282 females, of whom 862 (16.3%) had migraine. Compared to females without migraine, females with migraine were less likely to have high income (annual income >$80,000: 362 [42.0] vs. 2276 [51.6]), and more likely to have comorbid mood (176 [20.5] vs. 378 [8.6%]) and anxiety (196 [22.8%] vs. 406 [9.2%]) disorders. Migraine was not associated with breastfeeding (proportion of females who did not breastfeed, migraine vs. no migraine: 114/862 [13.2%] vs. 498/4420 [11.3%]; adjusted odds ratio 1.03; 0.74-1.27); however, females with migraine had lower odds (≥6 months of exclusive breastfeeding: 216/688 [31.4%] vs. 1325/3561 [37.2%]; adjusted odds ratio from ordinal shift analyses 0.84; 0.71-0.99) of longer duration of exclusive breastfeeding than females without migraine. Females with migraine exclusively breastfeed their infants for a shorter duration compared to females without migraine, suggesting the need to better support this populationthrough education on the safety and benefits of exclusive breastfeeding and better access to safe and effective treatment of migraine in lactating females.

IJCM_86A: Assessment of Breastfeeding practices in a Tribal District of Maharashtra: A Cross-sectional study.

Background: As the WHO aptly puts it, breastfeeding is the cornerstone of child survival, nutrition and development, as well as maternal health. However, contrary to the WHO recommendations, fewer than half of infants under 6 months of age are exclusively breastfed (1) According to the National Family Health Survey data of India, only 71% of children under 6 months are exclusively breastfed in Maharashtra. (2) This may be seen more in the tribal communities due to their geographical location and strong cultural norms. This study aims to assess the breastfeeding practices that are prevalent in a tribal district. Objectives: 1) To estimate the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in the tribal population. 2) To determine the factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding in the tribal population. Methodology: This is a community based cross-sectional observational research project. The study population is mothers belonging to the Scheduled Tribes Category with infant in the age group of 6 months to 1 year. 161 women were selected by simple random sampling using a random number table. A structured interview schedule was used to conduct the interviews. Data was analysed using appropriate statistical test. Results: The overall prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding is 63%. 72.7% of mothers belonging to the Warli tribe and 91% of mothers of the age under 20 years followed the recommended exclusive breastfeeding. Even the place of delivery of the child was found to be significantly associated with the exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion: The prevalence of breastfeeding in the tribal population is less than the overall prevalence of the entire state. More efforts are needed to create awareness about the concept and the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding.

BREASTFEEDING STATUS AND DISEASE SEVERITY IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS: AN EXPLORATORY RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY

Abstract OBJECTIVE While the protective effect of being breastfed on the development of ulcerative colitis has been well established, it is not known if being breastfed decreases colectomy rate and disease severity for pediatric patients. This work is designed to better understand the connection between breastfeeding status and disease severity of ulcerative colitis among pediatric patients. METHODS This exploratory retrospective cohort study analyzed the clinical and laboratory data of patients at Boston Children’s Hospital enrolled in a data registry and biorepository since 2012. Data was collected from charts and analyzed to determine if there is a significant difference in colectomy rate, pediatric ulcerative colitis activity index (PUCAI) score, ESR, or CRP, between not breastfed (n=56), breastfed (n=39), and mixed breastfed patients (n=31). Breastfed patients are defined as patients who were exclusively breastfed for greater than or equal to three months. Patients who were never breastfed were considered not breastfed. Patients who were exclusively breastfed for less than three months or received a mix of formula and breastfeeding were considered mixed breastfed. Statistical analysis of the groups was performed using a one-way ANOVA. RESULTS At disease diagnosis, the average PUCAI score of the not breastfed group (32.4) was significantly higher than the exclusively breastfed group (18.4) (p value = 0.0189). No significant difference was detected in the average PUCAI score of the mixed breastfed group (34.1) compared to the not breastfed group (32.4). Significant differences in the colectomy rate between all three groups were not detected, and likewise we did not find significant differences in markers of disease severity including ESR, CRP, and hemoglobin at diagnostic visit between groups. CONCLUSION These results suggest that children with ulcerative colitis who were exclusively breastfed have a lower average PUCAI score at the time of diagnosis than those who were not breastfed. Further investigation with larger data sets may be necessary to determine other benefits of exclusive breastfeeding in pediatric ulcerative colitis patients.

The Benefits of Exclusive Breastfeeding: A Comprehensive Literature Review

The Benefits of Exclusive Breastfeeding: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Prevalence of Exclusive Breastfeeding among Nursing Mothers in Afijio Local Government Area, Southwest, Nigeria: A Cross-sectional Study

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is public health intervention strategy for child health development and growth from birth to weaning period. It is recommended for nursing mothers during Health promotion sessions by Health Educators according to WHO AND UNICEF guidelines at various health facilities. Nigeria recorded 17.5% prevalence rate of exclusive breastfeeding despite regional variations. This is relatively low to WHO recommendations. Hitherto no study has been conducted in Afijio Local Government, South west of Nigeria for prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding. Hence the aim of this study is to evaluate Knowledge, Altitude and Practice of exclusive breastfeeding by distribution of questionnaires to nursing mothers in Afijio Local Government areas. Methodology: a cross sectional study of randomly selected 172 nursing mothers from Ilora, Awe, Jobele/ Akinmoorin and Fiditi of Afijio Local Government Area. Data analysis was employed by frequency, relative frequency and simple percentage. Results: A total number of 172 nursing mothers were interviewed with mean age of 33 ± 4.0 years. The literacy level is 97%. The employment rate is 65%. Formal education received on knowledge of exclusive breast feeding by respondents (Prevalence) is 89.0 %. The altitude of the participants on benefits of exclusive breastfeeding is 78.5%. Finally, practice of breastfeeding especially within first hours of birth is 84%. Conclusion: There is need for more support from local government’s health authority on exclusive breast feeding in Afijio Local Government Areas. Thus training courses should be provided to skilled birth attendants for skilled support to breastfeeding mothers.

Hubungan Pemberian Asi Eksklusif Dengan Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Pada Bayi Usia 7-12 Bulan di Puskesmas BP Nauli Kec. Siantar Marihat, Kota Pematang Siantar Tahun 2023

Breast milk is the perfect and best food for babies, especially babies 0-6 months because it contains the nutritional elements needed for optimal growth and development of babies (Ministry of Health, 2021). Exclusive breastfeeding is breastfeeding for 6 months without giving any drinks or food, including clear water, vitamins and medicine (Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia, 2020). Exclusive breastfeeding can be given directly or indirectly. Direct breastfeeding is by breastfeeding, while indirect breastfeeding is done by expressing or pumping breast milk, storing it, and then giving it to the baby. Giving breast milk based on the definition above, the mother is said to give exclusive breast milk if the baby is only given breast milk for the age of 0-6 months, while the mother is said to give non-exclusive breast milk if the baby is given other additional food or drink at the age of 0-6 months (Proverawati, 2015). Exclusive breastfeeding with growth in babies aged 7-12 months at the BP Nauli Community Health Center, Kec. Siantar Marihat Pematangsiantar City In 2023, the majority will be given exclusive breast milk with 18 people growing fat, 15 people will not be given exclusive breast milk with a normal body.The results of the Chi-square test show that with a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and growth in babies aged 7-12 months at the BP Nauli District Health Center. Siantar Marihat, Pematangsiantar City in 2023. Based on the results of the research, it can be seen that out of the 62 respondents, 35 babies were given exclusive breast milk (56.6%) and 27 people were not exclusively breastfed (43.5%). There were 27 mothers who did not give exclusive breast milk to their babies (43.5%). This is due to the mother's lack of knowledge about the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding and there are also mothers who work so they say they do not give exclusive breast milk to their babies because of the mother's lack of knowledge about expressed breast milk.

Pemanfaatan Pijat Oksitosin dengan Minyak Sereh pada Ibu Menyusui di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tangkit

Breastfeeding is a way of feeding given directly by mothers to their children, but often breastfeeding mothers lack understanding and lack of information, so often mothers get wrong information about the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding itself, about how to launch breast milk production. The purpose of this community service is to increase the knowledge and skills of mothers in the utilization of oxytocin massage with lemongrass oil in breastfeeding mothers. This community service activity was carried out for 20 breastfeeding mothers in the working area of the Tangkit Health Center, Sungai Gelam Jambi. The method used was face-to-face education and leaflets. The knowledge of breastfeeding mothers was assessed using a questionnaire. Monitoring and evaluation of activities with a one group pretest and post test design approach. The results level of mother's knowledge before being given education were not good with a percentage of >50%. Furthermore, after being given education, the mother's level of knowledge increased with an average percentage of <51.7% to 90.4%, the knowledge component about the citronella oil oxytocin massage technique was still quite low with a percentage of 49.8%. The conclusion is that there is increased knowledge about the benefits of oxytocin massage with lemongrass oil for breastfeeding mothers. It is hoped that it can provide assistance to train mothers' skills in carrying out oxytocin massage with lemongrass oil

Effect of Antenatal Care and Postnatal Care on Exclusive Breastfeeding Practice: Meta Analysis

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that 2 out of 3 babies do not get exclusive breastfeeding and only 41% of babies aged 0-6 months get exclusive breastfeeding. It is believed that ANC and PNC examinations can increase the possibility of mothers to start and maintain exclusive breastfeeding, because mothers will receive information and support about the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding, the importance of giving colostrum, and the right technique for positioning and attachment in breastfeeding. This study aims to analyze the effect of ANC and PNC on the practice of exclusive breastfeeding.
 Subjects and Method: This study is a systematic and meta-analysis study, with the following PICO Population = Breastfeeding mothers. Intervention = ANC <4 times and no PNC. Comparison = ANC ≥4 times and PNC. Outcome = Exclusive breastfeeding. The articles used in this study were obtained from several databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, EBSCO, Springer Link, Science Direct, and Pro Quest. The keywords used are “ANC and exclusive breastfeeding”, “PNC and exclusive breastfeeding”. The inclusion criteria were full-text article observational study designs. Articles are collected using PRISMA flow diagrams. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application.
 Results: Based on the results of a meta-analysis of 9 primary studies originating from Ethiopia, Tanzania, The Gambia, Saudi Arabia, and Indonesia, it was found that regular ANC, which was 4 times or more, has the possibility of giving exclusive breastfeeding by 1.55 times ANC (aOR=1.55; 95% CI=1.29 to 1.88; p=0.001) and mothers who conduct PNC have the possibility of giving exclusive breastfeeding by 2.43 times (aOR=2.43; 9 5%CI=1.78 to 3.31; p=0.001).
 Conclusion: ANC and PNC examinations can improve the practice of exclusive breastfeeding.
 Keywords: ANC, PNC, and Exclusive Breastfeeding
 Correspondence: Nisia Hari Agusningtyas. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: harinisia@gmail.com. Mobile: +6282138344620

Factors associated with the plan to pre-lacteal feeding for the first 6 months among Ethiopian mothers: a multilevel mixed effects analysis of 2019 performance monitoring for action Ethiopia

IntroductionDespite efforts to promote exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life, pre-lacteal feeding remains prevalent in Ethiopia. The study will use data from the 2019 Performance Monitoring for Action Ethiopia (PMA-ET), which is a nationally representative survey that collects information on maternal and child health indicators. Therefore, this study aims to identify individual and community-level factors associated with the plan to pre-lacteal feeding for the first six months among mothers in Ethiopia.MethodsThe datasets from the 2019 Performance Monitoring for Action Ethiopia Survey were analyzed in this study, which included 685 mothers from the survey. Stata version 17.0 was used for data analysis. Multi-level mixed-effect logistic regression was utilized to identify individual and community-level factors that are linked with the plan to pre-lacteal feeding. The strength and direction of the association were presented using an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval, and statistical significance was declared at a P value less than 0.05.ResultsThe study found that factors significantly associated with the plan to pre-lacteal feeding included mothers without higher education (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.204–1.204), mothers belonging to poor households (AOR = 11.1, 95% CI: 3.482–35.175), and women in clusters with poor wealth status (AOR = 0.2, 95% CI: 0.043–0.509).ConclusionAs per the findings of the study, both individual and community-level factors were found to influence the decision to practice pre-lacteal feeding. Educational status and household wealth were significant individual-level factors associated with pre-lacteal feeding, whereas community wealth status was a significant community-level factor. To address this issue, it is recommended to focus on increasing the education level of mothers from lower socioeconomic backgrounds and providing education on the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding and the risks associated with pre-lacteal feeding. These efforts can help in reducing the prevalence of this harmful practice.

Hubungan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Pemberian ASI Ekslusif pada Bayi Usia 0-6 Bulan

ABSTRACT
 The relationship between family support and exclusive breastfeeding for infants aged 0-6 months in the working area of the Karang Taliwang Health Center
 Ria Risti Dewi
 Background : Breast milk is the first food for newborns, variousscientific points of view can be proven that breast milk is the best and most ideal baby food. Although there are many known benefits of exclusive breastfeeding, there are still many mothers who do not breastfeed exclusively, many factors that influence breastfeeding are not Exclusively, one of which is support from the family, which is to provide information, advice and attention that makes mothers feel comfortable and calm in the process of breastfeeding. 
 Objective : The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between family support and exclusive breastfeeding for infants aged 0-6 months in the working area of the Karang Taliwang Mataram Health Center.
 Method : The method in this study is quantitative with a cross sectional approach. The sample in this study was 63 respondents, the sampling technique in this study was purposive sampling. Data analysis using chi square test.
 Results : The results of this study showed no meaningful relationship of emotional support (p = 0.632), no relationship of instrumental support (p = 0.727), there was an association of assessment support (p = 0.008), there was an association Information support (p = 0.030) with exclusive breastfeeding for infants aged 0-6 months in the working area of the Karang Taliwang Mataram Health Center.
 Conclusion : The conclusion in this study is that there is no significant relationship between emotional support and instrumental support and exclusive breastfeeding, while in assessment support And information there is a significant relationship with exclusive breastfeeding in infants aged 0-6 bulam.
 Keywords : Exclusive Breastfeeding, Family Support

Trends of Exclusive Breastfeeding Practices and Its Determinants in Tanzania from 1999 to 2016.

Introduction: The benefits of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) are widely reported. However, it is crucial to examine potential disparities in EBF practices across different regions of a country. Our study uses Tanzania demographic and health survey data to report on the trends of EBF across regions from 1999 to 2016, the patterns of the practice based on geographical location and socioeconomic status, and explores its determinants across the years. Methods: Descriptive statistics were used to establish the trends of EBF by geographical location and wealth quintile. A generalized linear mixed model was developed to incorporate both infant and maternal attributes as fixed covariates while considering enumeration areas and regions as clusters. The fitted model facilitated the estimation of EBF proportions at a regional level and identified key determinants influencing EBF practices across the survey periods. Moreover, we designed breastfeeding maps, visually depicting the performance of different regions throughout the surveys. Results: Across the various survey rounds, a notable regional variation in EBF practices was observed, with coastal regions generally exhibiting lower adherence to the practice. There was a linear trend between EBF and geographical residence (p < 0.05) and socioeconomic standing (p < 0.05) across the survey periods. Rural-dwelling women and those from the least affluent backgrounds consistently showcased a higher proportion of EBF. The prevalence of EBF declined as infants aged (p < 0.001), a trend consistent across all survey waves. The associations between maternal attributes and EBF practices displayed temporal variations. Furthermore, a correlation between exclusive breastfeeding and attributes linked to both regional disparities and enumeration areas was observed. The intra-cluster correlation ranged from 18% to 41.5% at the regional level and from 40% to 58.5% at the enumeration area level. Conclusions: While Tanzania's progress in EBF practices is laudable, regional disparities persist, demanding targeted interventions. Sustaining achievements while addressing wealth-based disparities and the decline in EBF with infant age is vital. The study highlights the need for broad national strategies and localized investigations to understand and enhance EBF practices across different regions and socioeconomic contexts.

The Relationship of Exclusive Breastfeeding with Stunting Incidents in Toddler Ages (1 -5 Years) in Sampiran Village, Talun District, Cirebon Regency)

In 2022, the Cirebon District faced a persistent issue of high stunting rates, affecting 15,299 cases or approximately 9.4% of its population. This study focuses on Sampiran Village, Talun Subdistrict, within the Cirebon District, aiming to investigate the correlation between exclusive breastfeeding and stunting in toddlers. Employing a cross-sectional study design with purposive sampling, data collection included questionnaires and anthropometric measurements provided by parents of the participating toddlers. Results revealed that 63.2% of toddlers did not receive exclusive breastfeeding, and 21% of them experienced stunting. Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and stunting occurrence (p &lt; 0.05), with an Odds Ratio of 1.133. This suggests that exclusive breastfeeding can reduce the risk of stunting by 1.133 times, emphasizing its crucial role in stunting prevention among toddlers. These findings underscore the urgency of promoting and educating parents and caregivers about the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding. Encouraging exclusive breastfeeding practices can potentially mitigate the prevalence of stunting in this vulnerable age group within the Cirebon District, ultimately contributing to better child health and well-being.

Factors Influencing Exclusive Breastfeeding in Lactating Mothers Attending Kaabong District Hospital in Kaabong District

This study aimed to evaluate the factors influencing exclusive breastfeeding among lactating mothers at Kaabong district hospital. A total of 93 mothers were recruited using a simple random sampling technique. STATA software was used for data analysis, and crude odds ratios were used to determine the level of significance. The majority of participants were aged 18-25, married, and had no formal education. The majority of participants exclusively breastfed their children. Factors influencing exclusive breastfeeding included the mother's age and education level. Barriers to exclusive breastfeeding included the mother's positive HIV status and insufficient breast milk production. The exclusive breastfeeding rate at Kaabong General Hospital falls above the World Health Organization's recommended level. To maintain this high rate, breastfeeding promotion messages should be provided to mothers to raise awareness about the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding using mass media. The study highlights the need for further support for exclusive breastfeeding among lactating mothers in the area. Keywords: Infants, lactating mothers, Exclusive breastfeeding, Positive HIV status, No formal education.

Effects of exclusive breastfeeding on educational attainment and longitudinal trajectories of grade progression among children in a 13-year follow-up study in Malawi

The benefits of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for infant health and survival are well documented. However, its impact on educational outcomes has been contested and poorly researched in Africa. It has been hypothesised that positive associations reported in high-income countries can be attributed to residual confounding by socioeconomic status (SES). Our study investigated whether EBF duration in infancy is associated with educational attainment and age-for-grade attainment trajectories at school-age in rural Malawi. Longitudinal data on 1021 children at the Karonga demographic surveillance site in Malawi were analysed. Breastfeeding data were collected 3 months after birth and again at age one. The school grade of each child was recorded each year from age 6 until age 13. We calculated age-for-grade based on whether a child was at, over, or under the official expected age for a grade. Generalised estimating equations estimated the average effect of breastfeeding on age-for-grade. Latent class growth analysis identified age-for-grade trajectories, and multinomial logistic regression examined their associations with EBF. Maternal-child characteristics, SES, and HIV status were controlled. Overall, 35.9% of the children were exclusively breastfed for 6 months. Over-age for grade steadily increased from 9.6% at age 8 to 41.9% at age 13. There was some evidence that EBF for 6 months was associated with lower odds of being over-age for grade than EBF for less than 3 months (aOR = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.64–1.06). In subgroup analyses, children exclusively breastfed for 6 months in infancy were less likely to be over-age for grades between ages 6–9 (aOR = 0.64, 95%CI = 0.43–0.94). Latent class growth analysis also provided some evidence that EBF reduced the odds of falling behind in the early school grades (aOR = 0.66, 95%CI = 0.41–1.08) but not later. Our study adds to the growing evidence that EBF for 6 months has benefits beyond infant health and survival, supporting the WHO's recommendation on EBF.