Benefits Of Antenatal Care Research Articles

PARTISIPASI SUAMI DALAM KUNJUNGAN ANTENATAL CARE DI INDONESIA: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Maternal Mortality Rate is an indicator of public health status. Maternal death can be prevented by maximizing antenatal care (ANC) visits.Participation of husband is very important to assist pregnant women access ANC. The aim of this study was to determine the factors that influence husbands' involvement in antenatal care visits. This research is a systematic review by searching literaturs on Google Scholar based on the purpose of this research. The articles selected in this research are articles published in 2015-2023. The resuls of this study revealed that husband and wife's age, husband and wife's education, husband and wife's occupation, income, knowledge, pregnancy status, area of residence, social status/wealth, and parity are factors that influence husbands' participation in ANC visits. Based on the results of this research, it is necessary to provide information to husbands regarding the benefits of ANC and the importance of carrying out ANC as an effort to prevent maternal death.

Promosi Kesehatan Untuk Meningkatkan Pengetahuan Dan Keterampilan Ibu Hamil Dalam Mengatasi Mual Muntah Pada Kehamilan Di Tiyuh Makarti Kecamatan Tumijajar Kabupaten Tulang Bawang Barat

Nausea and vomiting is a common complaint made during early pregnancy, but the result of underestimating the feeling of nausea and vomiting felt during pregnancy can objectively impact the fetus being born with LBW. For this reason, to minimize the occurrence of pathological nausea and vomiting, it is necessary to provide antenatal care. Pregnant women are advised to undergo antenatal check-ups 4 times, namely in each trimester, while in the last trimester twice. The benefits of antenatal care are very large because it can identify various risks and complications of pregnancy so that pregnant women can be directed to make referrals to hospitals (Manuaba, 2011). Complementary therapy is a method of dealing with disease that is carried out as a support for conventional medical treatment or as another treatment option outside conventional medical treatment (Rufaida, Lestari and Sari, 2018). Acupressure at pericardium point 6 produces good evaluations in mothers who experience nausea and vomiting in the mild and moderate categories (Maheswara et al., 2020). Based on the results of a preliminary survey conducted by interviews with 20 pregnant women in Tribe 3 Tiyuh Makarti, Tumijajar District, West Tulang Bawang Regency in 2021, as many as 18 people (80%) were unable to do acupressure to reduce nausea and vomiting. This shows that only 2 people (20%) of pregnant women can do acupressure to reduce nausea and vomiting. The aim of this community service is to provide education to pregnant women to be able to perform acupressure during pregnancy to treat nausea and vomiting. The community service method is carried out through lectures and direct demonstrations for pregnant women. The materials used in this community service were counseling materials, leaflets and demonstration tools. Participants in the activity were 20 pregnant women. There were enthusiastic participants when the activity took place. Participants know the benefits and methods of acupressure. Pregnant women should continue to apply acupressure to reduce nausea and vomiting, and families should provide motivation and encouragement to pregnant women to reduce nausea and vomiting.

Socio-Cultural Relations with K6 Visits to Pregnant Women Gestational Age > 36 Weeks

Socio-cultural is a custom carried out by someone from generation to generation based on trusted habits. One of them is the social culture in carrying out pregnancy checks according to standards known as K6 visits. Visits of K6 pregnant women are contacts of pregnant women with health workers to get ANC services according to the 10T standard, and the frequency of visits is at least six times during the gestation period, namely one time in the 1st trimester, two times in the 2nd trimester, and three times in the 3rd trimester. It aims to analyze socio-cultural relations with K6 visits. This study uses a research design analyst with a cross-sectional approach. Data were taken from interviews with respondents using questionnaires and observation sheets, carried out at the KIA Polyclinic at the Klenang Kidul Health Center on June 16 - August 22, 2022, with 30 respondents using accidental sampling. Data collection includes coding, editing, and tabulating, and then the data is analyzed manually and by computer testingChi-square. Of the 30 respondents studied, most were aged 20-35 years (50%), most of them had junior high school education (43.3%), most of them did not work (60%), the decision-makers in conducting pregnancy checks were pregnant women themselves (40 %), some are Madurese (70%), the majority are Muslim (100%), some respondents have one child (46.67%). The pregnancy status is mostly multigravida (46.67%). Most respondents were social and cultural (60%) and made K6 visits (53.3%). Data analysis in this study uses Uji Chi-Square with a value of α=0.05. The calculation results obtained a p-value < 0.05, namely 0.001 < 0.05, meaning there is a socio-cultural relationship with K6 visits at the Klenang Kidul Probolinggo Health Center. It is hoped that the Klenang Kidul Probolinggo Health Center will improve pregnancy check-up services according to the standards set by the government by providing counseling on the benefits of Antenatal Care as early as possible and not be affected by the existing social culture to reduce Maternal Mortality Rates and Infant Mortality Rates.

Effect of late antenatal booking on maternal anemia and fetus birth weight on parturients in Enugu, Nigeria: An analytical cross-sectional study.

The benefits of antenatal care are maximized when women book early for care. However, despite these resounding benefits, women still book late, while others do not book at all, resulting in dire feto-maternal consequences. Determine the effect of late prenatal booking on maternal anemia and birth weight in babies of women who delivered in public health facilities in Enugu and deduce the reasons for booking late. A cross-sectional study of two groups of women (235 participants in each group) who delivered in 4 randomly selected hospitals in Enugu. Descriptive statistics were obtained for continuous variables, and frequency and percentages were used for categorical variables. Degree of associations was determined using the Chi-square, the student's t-test, and 2 x 2 table. The prevalence of anemia among women that booked late and early were (69.7%; n = 147) and (50.7%; n = 107) respectively. Women who booked late were two times more likely to have anemia than those who booked early (OR = odds ratio, p = p-value, CI = confidence interval,). Those who booked late were six times more likely to deliver low birth weight babies than those who booked early (OR = 5.934, 95% CI = 1.299-27.119, P = 0.022). Late prenatal booking is associated with a high prevalence of maternal anemia in labor, low mean maternal hemoglobin, and low birth weight compared to those of women who booked early and the reasons for booking late are multifactorial.

Women's experiences and perceptions on the impacts of maternal near miss and related complications in Rwanda: A qualitative study.

Maternal morbidity and mortality continue to emerge across the globe especially in lower-income countries. This study aimed at exploring in-depth perceptions of near-miss experiences among Rwandan women and how these experiences can be used to develop strategies for health policy implementation. Using qualitative inductive research based on grounded theory, we analyzed 27 in-depth interviews that were conducted with women with documented records of maternal near-miss events. Women were knowledgeable about pregnancy complications and the benefits of antenatal care. Near-miss events that occurred either before or during hospitalization. Women recognized their own involvement their near-miss events by delaying care seeking. They also mentioned delays due to healthcare providers delaying transfers, misdiagnosing the events, and delaying to intervene even at the time the diagnosis was made. Women acknowledged the life-saving role of outreach programs and community health workers. We believe that pregnancy outcomes would be improved in this population of women with education on pregnancy complications, training of community health workers, and sustained mentorship program.

Knowledge deficit on health promotion activities during pregnancy: the case for adolescent pregnant women at Chiladzulu District, Malawi

BackgroundAdolescent pregnancy is a public health concern in Malawi as it is associated with high risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Almost 29% of adolescent women aged 15–19 years are already mothers and adolescent fertility rate is also high estimated at 136 per 1000 women. Therefore, the aim of the study was to explore knowledge of pregnant adolescents on importance of antenatal care and health promotion during pregnancy.MethodsA qualitative descriptive design was used to solicit information on significance of antenatal care and how adolescents promote their health during pregnancy. Data was collected from 77 pregnant adolescents, purposively sampled from Namitambo and Namadzi Heath Centres in Chiladzulu District, Malawi. A semi-structured interview guide was used for data collection. Data were analysed manually following principles of qualitative content analysis.ResultsThemes that emerged from the qualitative data included: knowledge deficit on the purpose and benefits of antenatal care; knowledge deficit on services offered at antenatal care clinic; knowledge deficit on danger signs during antenatal period and antenatal emergency care; knowledge deficit on effects of alcohol and smoking; knowledge deficit on nutrition during pregnancy; and knowledge deficit on importance of rest during pregnancy.ConclusionThis study has shown knowledge deficit among adolescent mothers that may contribute to poor pregnancy outcomes. Several factors could be attributed to such knowledge deficit. Therefore, healthcare systems and healthcare professionals have a responsibility to enhance health literacy of pregnant adolescents with an ultimate goal of improving maternal and neonatal health outcomes.

PENGARUH KEPATUHAN IBU HAMIL TERHADAP KEBERHASILAN PENANGANAN PREEKLAMPSIA DI RUMAH SAKIT SANTA ELISABETH BATAM TAHUN 2014

Preeclampsia and eclampsia is a pregnancy complication caused directly by pregnancy itself. Successful handling of preeclampsia is determined by the compliance of pregnant women in antenatal care. Pregnant women who do not checkups cause no detection of high risk factors experienced during pregnancy. This is because women do not obey the doctor's orders to carry out checks ANC, diet and adequate rest.This study aims to identify and analyze the effect of maternal adherence (Antenatal Care, diet and rest) to the successful treatment of preeclampsia in Batam Elisabeth Hospital in 2014. The method used is explanatory survey with cross sectional design. The study population is the entire third trimester pregnant women. The research sample that is the entire third trimester pregnant women who checkups at Saint Elisabeth Hospital Batam as many as 47 people. Data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression.The results showed that there was influence compliance in the rest of the successful handling of preeclampsia (p = 0.002), whereas compliance in Antenatal care (p = 0.076) and compliance in the diet (p = 0.631) did not affect the success of treatment of preeclampsia.It is advisable for pregnant women to reduce the routine activities and undertake light activity in an effort to prevent preeclampsia, and it is expected that health professionals, in order to provide counseling for pregnant women who perform health checks, on the benefits of antenatal care, follow the diet and rest in improving maternal health during pregnancy.

Why Do Some Lao Mothers Have Good Practices During Pregnancy? A Qualitative Positive Deviance Study

Objectives: Optimal antenatal care (ANC) visits help improve health outcomes and decrease perinatal mortality but they are often not optimal in low and middle-income countries (e.g., few mothers attend the recommended four or more ANC visits). The aim of this study was to identify determinants that influenced mothers who did make sufficient visits for ANC in rural Lao in order to inform the design of more effective interventions to change the behavior of mothers who do not make such visits. Materials and Methods: A qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews with mothers who made four or more ANC visits during their last pregnancy in rural Lao. Manual analysis was used for open and thematic coding of the interview data. Results: All mothers reported taking special care of themselves during pregnancy. They perceived the clear benefits of ANC visits regarding reassuring them of their health and reducing the risk of negative events. Family members, particularly husbands, played a key role in making decisions to seek more ANC when they were aware of its benefits. In addition, friends and neighbors were an important source of information for mothers. The quality of ANC provision and the provision of incentives such as an information booklet, along with soap and mosquito net were directly influencing factors in increasing ANC visits. Conclusions: In general, feeling a need for taking special care during pregnancy was a common factor among pregnant women who did use ANC in rural Laos. Accordingly, improving the quality of ANC and increasing appreciation in communities regarding the need for good ANC are strongly recommended to increase attendance by all mothers.

Utilization of focused antenatal care service and associated factors among women in Southern Ethiopia

Introduction: Antenatal care is a medical service provided to women during pregnancy with the aim of improving the pregnancy outcome. The approach considers that every pregnancy has the potential to be complicated. Objective: This study aimed to assess the utilization and factors associated with attending focused antenatal care (FANC) service in Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Materials and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 551 women who gave birth in the last 2 years. In this study, multistage cluster sampling technique was employed to select primary and secondary sampling units. Univariate and multivariable logistic regressions were done to determine associated factors. P < 0.05 and 95% confidence interval were considered to declare statistical significance. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 26.4 ± 4.9 years. The overall utilization of FANC was 85%. Among 540 interviewed mothers, 243 (45%) followed four and above times antenatal care visits during their last pregnancy, whereas 297 (55%) mothers followed <4 times. Mother's educational status, travel time, knowledge of danger signs, plan for last pregnancy, and knowledge on starting FANC were associated with FANC utilization. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed low utilization of recommended FANC. Efforts to improve utilization of FANC must strengthen initiatives that promote pregnant mothers' awareness on benefits of antenatal care, promote pregnancy planning, and reduction of travel time to health facility.

With knowledge and support, women can attend antenatal care: The views of women in IDP camps in Somaliland

Background: In Somaliland, women's perceptions of barriers to accessing antenatal care are sparsely described, particularly with regard to marginalised women. Aims: To investigate perceptions of barriers to accessing antenatal care from the perspective of pregnant women living in internally displaced persons (IDP) camps. Methods: Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 women and analysed using content analysis. Findings: It was crucial for women to have knowledge and trust of antenatal services, a supportive environment, and ways to overcome practical barriers, such as patient fees and long waiting hours. Conclusions: If women and families had relevant information about the structure and benefits of antenatal care, it would become a priority. Community awareness and trust between women, their families and antenatal care providers are central.

A 3-year retrospective review of mortality in women of reproductive age in a tertiary health facility in Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

PurposeTo determine the causes of death and associated risk factors among women of reproductive age (WRA) in a tertiary institution in Port Harcourt, Nigeria.Patients and methodsThis was a retrospective survey of all deaths in women aged 15–49 years at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital that occurred from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2015. Data retrieved from ward registers, death registers, and death certificates were analyzed with Epi Info version 7. Comparison of socioeconomic and demographic risk factors for maternal and nonmaternal deaths was done using a multivariate logistic regression model.ResultsThere were 340 deaths in the WRA group over the 3-year period. The majority (155 [45.6%]) of the women were aged 30–39 years. There were 265 (77.9%) nonmaternal deaths and 75 (22.1%) maternal deaths. Among the nonmaternal deaths, 124 (46.8%) had infectious diseases, with human immunodeficiency virus being the most common cause of infection in this group. Breast cancer (13 [4.9%]), cervical cancer (12 [4.5%]), and ovarian cancer (11 [4.2%]) were the most common malignant neoplasms observed. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (31 [41.3%]) and puerperal sepsis (20 [26.7%]) were the most common causes of maternal deaths. Age and occupation were significantly associated with deaths in WRA (p<0.05). Older women aged >30 years (odd ratio =1.86, 95% CI =1.07–3.23) and employed women (odds ratio =2.55, 95% CI =1.46–4.45) were more likely to die from nonmaternal than maternal causes.ConclusionMost of the deaths were nonmaternal. Infectious diseases, diseases of the circulatory system, and malignant neoplasms were the major causes of death among WRA, with maternal deaths accounting for approximately a quarter. Public health programs educating women on safer sex practices, early screening for cancers, benefits of antenatal care, and skilled attendants at delivery will go a long way to reducing preventable causes of deaths among these women.

Modifiable antenatal risk factors for stillbirth amongst pregnant women in the Omusati region, Namibia.

BackgroundReduction of stillbirth rates is important because of the social and economic implications. Access to quality antenatal care is important in preventing the risk factors associated with stillbirth.AimTo determine the prevalence of modifiable antenatal risk factors associated with stillbirth so as to determine possible gaps in their prevention.SettingThe study was conducted at four district hospitals in the Omusati Region of Namibia.MethodsA descriptive study using recorded antenatal data was used. Data were collected from the records of 82 women at the time that they had a stillbirth, during the period October 2013 to December 2014. Data were collected for modifiable risk factors related to maternal characteristics, antenatal care received, medical conditions and obstetric complications.ResultsThe average prevalence of each category of risk factors was as follows: quality of antenatal care (19.8%), maternal characteristics (11.4%), medical conditions (8.9%) and obstetric complications (6.5%). The most prevalent individual risk factors included: no folate supplementation (30.5%), HIV infection (25.6%), late booking (16.7%), intrauterine foetal growth retardation (13.4%) and alcohol use (12.5%).ConclusionAmongst the 14 modifiable risk factor included in the present study, 11 (78.6%) were prevalent amongst women who had a stillbirth. Risk factors associated with quality of antenatal care were the most prevalent. Whilst further investigation is needed to determine the causes behind this prevalence, health education on the availability and benefits of antenatal care, pregnancy timing and spacing may contribute to reducing the prevalence of these risk factors.

Understanding HIV Positive Women’s Experiences with Antenatal Care in Rural Maputo Province, Mozambique

Introduction: Motherhood among women living with HIV/AIDS is considered perilous in most of the countries of Sub-Saharan Africa. Objectives: To analyse women’s compliance to biomedical norms recommended to reduce the risk of mother-tochild transmission of HIV during pregnancy and childbirth in the rural province of Maputo. Methodology: A qualitative study was performed, consisting of in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with women who had become mothers, in-depth interviews with community health workers and semi-structured interviews with mother and child health nurses. We used Bourdieu’s theory of practice as a guiding framework to analyse the data. Results: Our findings showed that participants complied with some recommended biomedical norms to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, such as subsequent antenatal visits, adherence to antiretroviral therapy and childbirth at the health facility. However, they did not comply with the timing of the first antenatal care, use of modern health care system to treat illness episodes and use of condom during pregnancy. Conclusion: The study results suggest that compliance to the recommended prevention of mother-to-child transmission is the result of complex interactions in which participants rely on knowledge and resources within both the family and community and the modern health care system. Awareness among health care workers of pregnant women’s perspectives as well as an adequate education about the timing of the first antenatal care and the benefits of antenatal care in both the health facility and community could thus enable to improve prevention of mother-tochild transmission of HIV.

Utilization of Skilled Birth Attendant in Bonga Town, Kafa Zone, South West Ethiopia

Background: Ethiopia with maternal mortality ratio (MMR) of 353 per 100,000 live births, the majority of births are delivered at home and the proportion of deliveries assisted by skilled attendant is very low. Based on EDHS 2014 urban births are six times more likely than rural births to be delivered in a health facility (59% versus 10%). Implementing and assuring utilization of skilled delivery services is potentially one of the most effective maternal health interventions for preventing maternal morbidity and mortality. Objective: To assess utilization of skilled birth attendant (SBA) among mothers who gave birth the last one year prior to the data collection period in Bonga town, Ethiopia. Methodology: Community based cross-sectional study employing quantitative methods was conducted in Bonga town, Kaffa zone, Southwest Ethiopia from June 1 to July 25, 2013. Stratified random sampling technique was employed to select a sample of 296 participants. Logistic regression analysis was performed to obtain predictors of SBA. Results: From the total of 296 deliveries 78.6% of the women utilize skilled birth attendant during delivery. Women’s educational status, their number of pregnancy, Antenatal care (ANC) visit, knowledge about risk factors related to pregnancy and women’s power to make the decision in terms of getting skilled delivery are important predictors for their utilization of skilled birth attendant. Conclusions: Interventional IEC activities focusing on pregnancy complications and benefits of ANC for reproductive age women will be helpful in utilizing skilled delivery attendant so that their influences can be directed in the line of encouraging women to utilize skilled delivery services.

Determinants of male involvement in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV programme in Eastern Uganda: a cross-sectional survey

BackgroundMother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) accounts for over 95% of all paediatric HIV infections worldwide. Several studies have shown that male participation in the antenatal care of their spouses together with couple counselling and testing for HIV, increases use of the interventions for HIV prevention. The prevention programme of MTCT (PMTCT) was launched in Uganda in 2000 and Mbale in 2002. Less than 10% of the pregnant women accepted antenatal HIV testing at Mbale Regional Referral Hospital in 2003; couple counselling and testing for HIV was low. Therefore, we conducted the study to determine the level of male involvement and identify its determinants in the PMTCT programme.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of 388 men aged 18 years or more, whose spouses were attending antenatal care at Mbale Regional Referral Hospital, was conducted in Mbale district, Eastern Uganda. A male involvement index was constructed based on 6 questions. The survey was complemented by eight focus group discussions and five in-depth interviews.ResultsThe respondents had a median age of 32 years (inter-quartile range, IQR: 28-37). The majority (74%) had a low male involvement index and only 5% of men accompanied their spouses to the antenatal clinic. Men who had attained secondary education were more likely to have a high male involvement index (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.1-3.3) than those who had primary or no formal education. The respondents, whose occupation was driver (OR: 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1-0.7) or those who had fear of disclosure of their HIV sero-status results to their spouses (OR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2-0.8), were less likely to have a high male involvement index. Barriers to male involvement in the PMTCT programme were related to both the poor health system, to socio-economic factors and to cultural beliefs.ConclusionsStructural and cultural barriers to men's involvement in the PMTCT programme in Mbale district were complex and interrelated. Community sensitization of men about the benefits of antenatal care and PMTCT and improving client-friendliness in the clinics needs to be prioritised in order to improve low male participation and mitigate the effect of socio-economic and cultural factors.

Benefits of antenatal care.

Women who do not attend antenatal classes think the classes have nothing to offer them, according to a study from Glasgow. The researchers questioned 29 women about why they did not attend. Fourteen said it was because they are not worthwhile, while others said the times and locations were inconvenient.

Teenage girls' knowledge of antenatal care, and its implications for school-based preventive strategies

IT is suggested that an underlying purpose of dealing with antenatal care in school health and parenthood education is the encouragement of its use in later life. An assumption of this approach is that teenage girls are not aware of the claimed benefits of antenatal care. This is examined through interview material with a sample of teenage girls. It is shown that the ignorance assumption is not warranted, and that preventive strategies would be advised to operate with a more sophisticated view of teenagers' knowledge.

Expediting support for the pregnant mothers to obtain antenatal care at public health facilities in rural areas of Balochistan province, Pakistan.

Objectives:To identify, and compare relative importance of, factors associated with antenatal care (ANC) utilization in rural Balochistan, toward framing a policy to increase such utilization.Methods:This cross sectional study was conducted among 513 pregnant women in Jhal Magsi District, Balochistan, in 2011. A standardized interviewer-administered questionnaire was used. Predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors were evaluated with generalized linear models (Poisson distribution and log link).Results:Prevalence of any ANC was only 14.4%. Predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors were all important determinants of ANC utilization. Reinforcing factors were clearly most important, husband’s support for ANC was more important than support from other community members. Among predisposing factors, higher income, education, occupation, and better knowledge regarding benefits of ANC were positively and statistically significantly associated with ANC However increased number of children showed negative association. Complications free pregnancy showed positive significant association with ANC at public health facility among enabling factors.Conclusion:It is very important to increase antenatal care utilization in the study area and similar areas. Policy to achieve this should focus on enhancing support from the husband.