Beluntas Leaf Research Articles

FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI FISIK SEDIAAN PASTA GIGI EKSTRAK DAUN BELUNTAS DENGAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI GLISERIN

Beluntas leaves (Pluchea indica) are a plant that has alkaloid, tannin and flavonoid compounds so it can be used as an antibacterial against streptococcus mutans which causes dental caries with an inhibitory power of 13.9 mm at a concentration of 5% (strong). Beluntas leaves can be developed into a toothpaste preparation. The aim of this research was to determine the formulation and physical evaluation of beluntas leaf extract toothpaste preparations with varying glycerin concentrations.Making beluntas leaf extract using the maceration method with 96% solvent ethanol ratio 1:10. Making toothpaste with varying glycerin concentrations, F1(5%), F2(7.5%), F3(10%). Physical evaluation of toothpaste preparations includes organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, high foam, spreadability and viscosity.Organoleptic tests of the three formula has a distinctive menthol odorhave the same odor, semi form solid and dark green color. The homogeneity test results F1= not homogeneous, F2= homogeneous, F3= homogeneous. Toothpaste pH test results F1 = 7.22 ± 0.10, F2 = 7.38 ± 0.12, F3 = 8.20 ± 0.35. The results of the toothpaste viscosity test were 9814.8 ± 0.55 cps, F2 = 9812.9 ± 0.59 cps, F3 =9811, 7±0.74 cps. The spreadability test results of toothpaste were F1=2.92±0.09 cm, F2=2.94±0.34 cm, F3=3.20±0.21 cm. Test results for toothpaste foam height F1 = 5.67 ± 0.67 mm, F2 = 5.67 ± 0.34 mm, F3 = 7.00 ± 0.33 mm. Based on the results of the One Way Anova test and the Kruskal Wallis test, it was concluded that variations in glycerin concentration had a significant effect on the spreadability, pH and viscosity tests.

Studi In-Vivo Antifertilitas Stigmasterol Daun Beluntas (Pluchea indica L.): Pengamatan Konsentrasi dan Motilitas Spermatozoa

Low public participation in contraception is one of the factors contributing high population density in Indonesia. Indonesia is known as a paradise for medicinal plants, there are many herbs that have the potential to be developed as contraceptives, one of which is the beluntas plant. This study aims to determine the effect of administering various doses of beluntas leaf stigmasterol on the concentration and motility of spermatozoa. The research was conducted at the Biomedical Laboratory, Muhammadiyah University of Malang, Campus 2 for 45 days. This type of research uses true experimental research with a RAL experimental design, consisting of four treatments and six replications. The doses for each treatment are P1 (0.25mg/gbb), P2 (0.5mg/gbb), P3 (0.75mg/gbb) and control (water). The results showed that administering the entire dose of stigmasterol had a significant effect on the concentration and motility of spermatozoa (P<0.05). Spermatozoa concentration P1 (11.83 ± 1.835), P2 (8.17 ± 1.472), P3 (6.33 ± 1.033), control (21.83 ± 3.312). Spermatozoa motility P1 (32.23 ± 25.406), P2 (19.85 ± 7.173), P3 (17.16 ± 2.801), control 975.23 ± 14.417). Stigmasterol from beluntas leaves has potential as a natural antifertility agent in men.

The Effect of Giving Water Extract Boiled Beluntas Leaves on the Prevention of Vaginal Discharge in S1 Public Health Students at the STRADA Indonesia Institute of Health Sciences

Background: The high rate of vaginal discharge in women is caused by infection of various fungi in the vagina by bacteria Thricmonas vaginalis and candida albicans. Excessive and abnormal vaginal discharge can be an early symptom of cervical cancer that can lead to death in women. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving water extract of boiled beluntas leaves on the prevention of vaginal discharge in S1 Public Health students at the STRADA Indonesia Institute of Health Sciences. Methods: This study used a pre-experimental method with a type of research one group pre test post test. The population in this study was all S1 Public Health students at the STRADA Indonesia Institute of Health Sciences and sampling using the simple random sampling method with a total of 84 respondents. Data analysis techniques used to test hypotheses are the Wilcoxon Test and data collection using questionnaires. Results: Data analysis using the Wilcoxon test shows that the significance level is 0.000< α = 0.05 so that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted which means that there is an effect of giving beluntas leaf boiled water extract on the prevention of leucorrhoea in S1 Public Health students at the STRADA Indonesia Institute of Health Sciences. Conclusion: It is expected that female students who experience vaginal discharge can apply water extract of beluntas leaf decoction as a non-pharmacological drug that can be used if experiencing vaginal discharge.

Test of the effectiveness of beluntas leaf extract (Pluchea indica L.) against the mortality of Spodoptera litura

Beluntas adalah salah satu tumbuhan yang berpotensi dikembangkan menjadi pestisida nabati, karena mengandung asam fenolik, flavonoid, alkanoid, saponin, tanin dan terpenoid. Senyawa metabolit sekunder tersebut dapat memberikan efek mortalitas terhadap hama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas daun beluntas terhadap mortalitas S. litura. Metode uji yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode celup daun terdiri dari enam perlakuan dan diulang sebanyak lima kali. Parameter yang diamati adalah mortalitas S. litura pada fase larva, pupa, dan imago. Hasil Pengamatan menunjukkan mortalitas tertinggi terdapat pada dosis 90 gram basah/500 ml air sebesar 25 individu. Pengamatan dilanjutkan untuk larva yang masih hidup yaitu mortalitas larva prapupa tertinggi sebesar 19 individu pada dosis 45 gram basah/500 ml air, mortalitas pupa sebanyak 15 individu pada perlakuan kontrol, dan sisa pupa yang menghasilkan imago pada perlakuan kontrol sebanyak 2 ekor.

Potential of Beluntas Leaf Extract (Pluchea indica L) as a basic ingredient for Making Liquid Anti-Mosquito Repellent

The herbaceous Belugas leaves (Pluchea indica L.) belong to the Asteraceae family and are commonly utilized as food and hedges. They typically grow wild. Alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, triterpenes, and steroids are among the substances found in belugas leaves that may have insecticidal properties. The purpose of this study is to use the leaf extract of Beluntas (Pluchea indica L.) as a foundational component for liquid mosquito repellant. In order to produce a thick extract of beluntas leaves, this study used an extraction process that involved evaporating 96% ethanol solvent. Several concentrations of the thick extract were diluted, including 15%, 25%, 35%, 45%, and 55%. The collected data, which was mosquito mortality, was subjected to a One-Way Anova test with a significance level of p = 0.000 <0.05, and then the Duncan test. The findings demonstrated that the number of mosquitoes that perished varied depending on the concentration fluctuations of beluntas leaf extract, with the highest concentration of beluntas leaf extract killing mosquitoes at a rate of 55% and a mosquito mortality percentage of 98.4%.

Perbandingan Metode Maserasi dan Microwave-Assisted Extraction pada Daun Beluntas dengan Variasi Pelarut dan Uji Antioksidan

Beluntas leaves (Pluchea indica L.) as Indonesian herbal plants contain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids. Beluntas leaf parts can be used as medicine. The content of secondary metabolites in Beluntas leaves acts as a natural antioxidant. Beluntas leaf extraction has not been optimal so far. Microwave assisted extraction can increase the yield. This research aims to study the effect of giving different types of solvents of extraction on Beluntas leaves on the levels of flavonoids and the resulting antioxidant activity, and determine the profile of Beluntas leaf extraction results based on comparative trials of the maceration method and MAE (microwave-assisted extraction). This research was conducted in 4 stages: (1) sample preparation of dried Beluntas leaves, (2) extraction by maceration with various types of solvents n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and 70% ethanol, (3) the characteristics of the flavonoid compounds, namely the qualitative test and the quantitative test with AlCl3, and (4) the measurement of antioxidant activity in Beluntas leaf extract using the DPPH method. The results of this study obtained a total flavonoid content of 4.23 mgQE/g which was the result of maceration of the ethyl acetate solvent extract (yield: 5.09%), and all Beluntas leaf extracts in ethyl acetate solvent were included in the category of very strong antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 31.68 μg/mL.

UJI EFEKTIFITAS GEL KOMBINASI EKSTRAK DAUN BELUNTAS (Pluchea indica L. Less) DAN RIMPANG JAHE MERAH (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) TERHADAP BAKTERI Propionibacterium acne DAN Staphilococcus epidermidis

Beluntas leaf (Pluchea indica L. Less) and red ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is a plan have activity as antibacterial causes acne. Beluntas leaf contain antibacterial compounds from alkaloid, flavonoid free type flavonol, steroid and tannin. Red ginger rhizome extract compounds flavonoid, essential oil, polifenol, and saponin. This study aim to develop gel product extract combination from beluntas extract and red ginger rhizome at concentration 1: 1; 1: 2 and 3:2 formulated in gel, then tested the physical characteristic and gel microbiology tested on P. acne and S. epidermidis. Beluntas leaf and red ginger rhizome extracted by maceration in ethanol 96%, and carbopol 934 as gel base. Physical characteristic test comprise homogeneity, organoleptic, pH, dispersion gel and viscosity. Microbiology tested use method diameter of inhibition zone with Medi-Klin Gel® as positive control. The result show homogeneous gel preparation, with brownish green color, ginger smell, pH 5,83-6,07, spreadability 5,1-5,7 cm, viscosity 690000 cp-1460800 cp. effect of adding extract beluntas leaf and red ginger rhizome to gel preparation, in both single and combination extracts. Antibacterial evaluation showed that formula 3 give the best effectiveness with 5,92 mm zone of inhibition against P. acnes and 4,15 mm against S. epidermidis

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration of beluntas leaf ethanol extract against streptococcus mutans

bjective: The purpose of this study was to determine the exact values of MBC (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration) and MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) of beluntas leaf extract against Streptococcus mutans colonies.
 Material and Methood: This study used Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 and ethanol extract of beluntas leaves with concentrations: 250 g/ml, 125 g/ml, 62.5 g/ml, 31.3 g/ml, 15.6 g/ml, 7.8 g /ml, 3.9 g/ml and 1.95μg/ml. This study used two methods, Broth Microdilution and Total Plate Count techniques as the designated method for the purpose of counting bacteria. Furthermore, the data analysis test was carried out to analyze normality using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. If the data distribution shows normal, then one way ANOVA parametric test is performed to determine the significance between the beluntas leaf extract and the number of streptococcus mutans bacteria, which will then be further examined using the Post-Hoc Test with the Tuckey method to find out which dataset is the most significantly different in among others.
 Results: The beluntas leaf extract showed significant bacterial properties against Streptococcus mutans (P-Value = 0.00) which was expressed through definite MBC and MIC values. The results showed that the MIC and MBC values were 62.5 g/ml and 125 g/ml, respectively against Streptococcus mutans colonies.
 Conclusion: The conclusion of this study was that the ethanol extract of the leaves of beluntas (Pluchea Indica L) showed antibacterial properties as indicated by the MIC value at a concentration of 62.5μg/ml and the MBC at a concentration of 125μg/ml against streptococcus mutans.

New Zealand Rabbit Spermatozoa Concentration after Giving of Beluntas Leaf Tannin Extract (Pluchea indica)

The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration of spermatozoa in New Zealand rabbits after giving of various types of beluntas leaf tannin extract. This type of research is experimental research. The research design is a one-group post-test design. A sample of 16 rabbits. The sampling technique used is purposive random sampling. The research was conducted at the Chemical Engineering Laboratory of the State Polytechnic of Malang, the Laboratory of Kesimma Medica Malang, the Integrated Laboratory, and the Biology Laboratory of the University of Muhammadiyah Malang. The study was carried out from August to September 2019. The study design used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments, namely hydrolyzed, condensed, and pure tannin extract of beluntas leaves and the control group was given aquades orally with a dose of 3 ml/kgbb with 4 replications. repetition times. The procedure of this research 1) Preparation of extract of beluntas leaf tannins, 2) Phytochemical test of extract preparations, 3) Treatment of rabbits as experimental animals, 4) Surgery and collection of rabbit spermatozoa, 5) Observation of spermatozoa using a microscope, 6) Calculating the concentration of spermatozoa. The method of data collection was by calculating the concentration of spermatozoa in each treatment using a hemocytometer and a Neubauer counting chamber using a binocular microscope. Data analysis with one-way Anova test and Duncan 5%. The results showed that the dosage of 3ml/kgbb of various types of beluntas leaf tannin extract had an effect on the spermatozoa concentration of New Zealand rabbits (sig<0.05). The findings of this study are that the best treatment that can reduce the number of spermatozoa in New Zealand rabbits is the condensed tannin extract of Beluntas leaves.

PENGARUH VARIASI KONSENTRASI GLISERIN TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK OBAT KUMUR EKSTRAK DAUN BELUNTAS (Pluchea indica L.)

Mouthwash is an aqueous solution used as a cleanser to improve oral health, aesthetics, and breath freshness. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variation concentration of glycerin in beluntas leaf extract (Pluchea indica L.) on the physical properties of mouthwash. Extraction was using maceration method with 5000 ml of 96% ethanol as a solvent. Beluntas leaf extract mouthwash was made in 3 formulas with different glycerin concentration which were 10% (F1), 15% (F2) and 20% (F3). Evaluation includes organoleptic, pH and viscosity tests. The organoleptic test of the mouthwash on the three formulations was brown in color, tasted slightly sweet and had a distinctive minty smell. pH of three formulas were 6.16 - 6.20. Data processing using One Way Anova showed that there was no effect of glycerin variations concentration to pH of mouthwash but there was an effect of glycerin variations concentration to the viscosity of mouthwash.

Composition of carbopol 940 and HPMC affects antibacterial activity of beluntas (Pluchea indica (L.)) leaves extract gel

Indonesia is a country known for its source of biological wealth, one of which is beluntas leaves. Beluntas leaves have the potential to be an antibacterial, so it is appropriate to be formulated in the form of medicinal preparations, especially gels. This study aims to find out the influence of variations between carbopol gel base 940 and Methylcellulose Hydroxypropyl (HPMC) on the physical properties of gel preparations beluntas leaf extract ( Pluchea indica (L.), and know the influence of gel of extract of beluntas leaves on antibacterial activity. The extract is obtained by the maceration method using ethanol solvent 96%. Each formula uses 15% of the extract of beluntas leaves. Gels are made in four gel base variations namely F0 (0.5% carbopol, 1% HPMC), FI (1% carbopol, 1.5% HPMC), FII (1.5% carbopol, 2.5% HPMC), and FIII (2% carbopol, 3% HPMC). Gels evaluated for their physical properties include organoleptic, viscosity, pH, homogeneity, scattering power, adhesion and Freeze-thaw cycling . Then the gel tested antibacterial activity against bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by cup-plate diffusion method . The data obtained were analyzed with One Way Anova and LSD with a 95% confidence level. The results showed that beluntas leaf extract gel meets the organoleptic requirements, homogeneity, good gel adhesion (> 4sec), good gel viscosity (2000-50.000 cps), and good gel pH (4.5-6.5). However, the gel does not meet the requirements of good scattering power (5-7 cm) and Freeze-thaw cycling. Based on the test results that have been done with some of the parameters above, The best composition of carbopol 940 and HPMC in the beluntas leaf extract gel which has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is 1% carbopol and 1.5% HPMC. The antibacterial activity of the formula is categorized as strong.

PENGARUH VARIASI FORMULASI DAN WAKTU PENGERINGAN TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK MINUMAN HERBAL DAUN BELUNTAS DAN DAUN MINT

Beluntas (Pluchea indica L.) leaf is a plant that has high antioxidant compounds, and mint (Mentha piperita L.) leaf contain mentol compounds which can improve the taste of herbal drinks. In the processing, the drying process can affect the functional content of beluntas leaves and mint leaves. This study aims to determine the effect of drying time and the formulation of beluntas leaves and mint leaves on physical (colour), chemical (moisture content, total phenol, and antioxidant activity), and sensory (colour, smell, taste, and overall) properties and to determine the combination of drying time and the formulation of beluntas and mint leaves that provide the best herbal drink. The experimental design carried out in this study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a combined factor, drying time and formulation of beluntas and mint leaves. The time variation used is 1.5 hours; 2 hours and 2.5 hours. Various formulations of beluntas leaves and mint leaves used were 1:1, 2:1, and 3:1. The results showed that the treatment of variations in drying time and the formulation of beluntas and mint leaves had a significant effect on physical (a* and °Hue values), chemical (moisture content, total phenol, and antioxidant activity), and sensory (colour) characteristics. The best treatment in making herbal drink from beluntas and mint leaves is with 1.5 hours drying time and the formulation is 1:1.

Length and weight of small intestine and digestion rate of quail, with the addition of beluntas leaf flour (Pluchea indica L.) to the ration

Beluntas (Pluchea indica L) contains several active alkaloid compounds, essential oils and flavonoids. The flavonoid content in Beluntas leaves can improve the digestive tract so that it can function optimally. This study aims to determine the effect of adding Beluntas leaf meal to the rations on the length of the small intestine, the weight of the small intestine and the rate of quail digestion. The study used a completely randomized design which consisted of 4 treatments, and 4 replications. The treatment consisted of P0 (rations without Beluntas leaf flour as control), P1 (rations + Beluntas leaf flour 1%), P2 (rations + Beluntas leaf flour 2%), and P3 (rations + Beluntas leaf flour 3%). The results showed that the treatment had a significant effect (P <0.05) on the length of the duodenum and ileum, jejunum and ileum weight digest, as well as the digest rate but there, was no significant effect (P>0.05) on the length of the jejunum and duodenal weight. Based on the results it can be concluded that the addition of beluntas leaf flour with level 2% improved duodenum and ileum, the weight of jejunum and ileum and made longer digest rate compared to other treatments.

Performan Itik Lokal Jantan dengan Penggunaan Tepung Daun Beluntas (Pluchea indica L) dalam Ransum

The research objective was to determine the use of beluntas leaf flour in rations on the performance of male local ducks. The research was conducted in the Tondo, subdistrict Mantikulore, for 6 weeks, using 80 DOD local male. The study was design using CRD with 4 treatmens and 5 replication. The treatment given was percentage of beluntas leaf flour in the ration, namely P0: ration without the addition of beluntas leaf flour, P1: 2% beluntas leaf flour, P2: 2,5% beluntas leaf flour, P3: 3% beluntas leaf flour. The analysis was used analysis of variance. The results showedthat treatments had a significant effect on ration consumption, had avery significant effect on body weight gain, ration konvertion and income over feed costof male local ducks. The use of beluntas leaf flour up to level of 3%in the ration give the best results on growth performance, ration convertion and Income Over Feed Costof male local ducks.

Extract of Beluntas (Pluchea indica) as an Antibacterial Towards Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 Causes of Dental Carries

Abstract&#x0D; The purpose of this study is to analyze the antibacterial activity of various concentrations of beluntas leaf extract by examining the inhibition zone’s diameter of Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175 bacteria. This type of research is experimental. The research was conducted at the Chemical Engineering Laboratory of State Polytechnic of Malang and the Biology Laboratory of the University of Muhammadiyah Malang. The study was conducted from October to December 2020. The research design used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 7 treatments and 3 replications. The standard of turbidity of bacterial isolates used Mcferland 108. Research design was Posttest-Only Control Design. Data analysis used one-way ANOVA and Duncan's continued test of 5%. The results showed that there was an effect of giving various concentrations of beluntas leaf extract on the inhibition zone of Streptococcus mutans bacteria. The results of Duncan's analysis showed that the concentration of 25% had the most significant effect compared to other treatments and was significantly different from other treatments but rather far from the positive control treatment result. The findings of this study is the content of active compounds in beluntas leaves have an effect as antibacterial towards Streptococcus mutans, also, at a concentration of 5% with minimum inhibitory concentration (khm).&#x0D;

Pengaruh Jenis Pelarut Dan Rasio Bahan Dengan Pelarut Pada Metode Ultrasonikasi Terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Daun Beluntas (Pluchea indica Less)

This research was to determine the effect of type of solvent and the ratio of material to the solvent with ultrasonication on antioxidant activity of beluntas leaf extract (Pluchea indica Less) and also determine the right type of solvent and the ratio of material to the solvent to extract beluntas leaves with the highest antioxidant activity. The complately Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors was used in this study. First factor is the types of solvents with 4 level (aquades, methanol 90%, ethanol 90%, acetone 90%) and second factor is the ratio of materials to solvent with 3 level (1:10, 1:15, 1:20). The treatment were repeated twice for obtain 24 experimental units. Variables observed were yield, total flavonoids, total tannin, antioxidant activity and IC50. The data were analyzed using variance and if the treatment had a significant effect, on was followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test. The results showed that the interaction between the types of solvents and the ratio of material to the solvent had a very significant effect (P &lt;0.01) on yield, total flavonoids, antioxidant activity, IC50, but the interaction have no real effect on the total tannin only show the very significant effect against solvent type and ratio on total tannin. The results showed that ethanol 90% with a ratio of 1:20 was the best treatment that produced antioxidant activity of 67.03 %, IC50 of 74.37 ppm, total flavonoid of 11.08 mg QE/g, total tannin of 7.78 mg TAE/g and yield of 4.16%.

Formulation and Antibacterial Activity Test of Foot Spray with Beluntas Leaf Ethanol Extract (Pluchea Indica L.)

Foot odor is one of the things that is quite disruptive to appearance, the 2014 American Podiatric Medical Association studied a significant increase in the prevalence of foot odor in the community. One of the causes of foot odor is the presence of bacteria, especially the bacteria Bacillus Subtilis. This study used the ethanol extract of beluntas leaf (Pluchea Indica L.) as the active ingredient because the ethanol extract of beluntas leaf has been widely used and proven to have antibacterial activity besides the ethanol extract of beluntas leaf has a high enough compatibility to be used as a cosmetic product, including spray preparations. The spray form was chosen because of its easy and pleasant use. This study aims to make a foot odor control product in the form of a spray with 3 concentrations of beluntas leaf ethanol extract, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% to study the antibacterial activity using the well diffusion method. The results showed that the ethanol extract of beluntas leaf can be formulated into foot spray preparation with the results of the organoleptic examination of the three formulas are clear liquid, and yellow slightly green color. The pH of the preparation is in the range 5.10 -5.92. In formula 3 (F3) with a concentration of 1.5% beluntas leaf ethanol extract, it has a strong bacterial inhibition zone with an average inhibition zone diameter of 12.5 mm.

PENGUJIAN EFEKTIFITAS FORMULA GEL EKSTRAK DAUN BELUNTAS (Pluchea indica (L.) Less) DENGAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI GELLING AGENT SEBAGAI KANDIDAT SEDIAAN ANTI JERAWAT

Beluntas (Pluchea indica (L.) Less) is a plant that is often used in traditional medicine because of the presence of several substances that have activity as antimicrobial compounds. Beluntas leaves contain secondary metabolite compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, steroids, terpenoids and saponins which can function as antibacterial. This experimental research aimed at obtaining beluntas leaf extract gel and to determine the physical stability and the effectiveness of beluntas extract gel against Propionibacterium acnes. The first step is drying the beluntas leaves and and extracted by maceration method with 70% ethanol solvent. The extract obtained was then formulated into a gel and evaluated, the evaluation results show that formula 1 is the most stable. The results showed that beluntas leaf extract gel was effective in inhibiting the growth of Propionibacterium acnes, the inhibition zone obtained was categorized as strong, where the average diameter before the accelerated stability test was 12.02 mm and 11.58 mm after the accelerated stability test.

OPTIMASI HPMC DAN KARBOPOL DALAM FORMULASI SEDIAAN GEL ANTISEPTIK EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN BELUNTAS DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus

Beluntas leaf (Pluchea indica, L.) is one of the plants that has potential as an antibacterial, Where the leaves of Beluntas have several compounds, one of these is a flavonoid which has antibacterial activity. The aim of this research is to determine the optimum composition of HPMC and carbopol which will be formulated in the preparation of antiseptic gel ethanol extract of beluntas leaf using the SLD method. The extraction method used in this study is Maseration with ethanol as a solvent. Antiseptic gel manufacturing is done by optimizing the base of HPMC and Carbopol, Then testing the quality of the gel preparation and the results obtained that meet the requirements of the homogeneity, pH, dispersion, viscosity, consistency and stability test of the gel preparation. The optimum formula of antiseptic gel based on the simplex lattice design method is on a combination of a 4.5% HPMC base and a 0.5% carbopol. Antibacterial activity test found inhibition zone, this shows that the antiseptic gel preparation of the ethanol extract of beluntas leaves has the ability to inhibit against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria with an average diameter of the zone of inhibition by 17,66 mm.

EFFECT OF METHANOL CONCENTRATION AS A SOLVENT ON TOTAL PHENOLIC AND FLAVONOID CONTENT OF BELUNTAS LEAF EXTRACT (Pulchea indica L.)

Background: Beluntas (Pluchea indica L.) is an Indonesian plant that grows wild and is used as traditional medicine. Beluntas leaves are reported to contain phenolic, and flavonoid is a part of phenolic compounds. Phenolic compounds other than flavonoids include 1,3,4,5-tetra-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,4,5-tri-O-caffeoylquinic acid, chlorogenic acid, and ferulic acid. Flavonoid compounds in beluntas leaves are quercetin, apigenin, luteolin and chrysoeriol. Methanol solvents are reported to be able to extract higher polyphenol and flavonoid contents than other solvents. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of 20%, 50% and 75% solvent concentration of methanol on total phenol and total flavonoid levels of beluntas leaf extract. Methods: In this study, the extraction process was carried out by maceration, the determination of total phenol content was carried out by the Follin-Ciocalteu method. Determination of total flavonoid levels was carried out by the Colorimetric method. Data on phenol and flavonoid levels were analyzed statistically. Results: The yield of beluntas leaf extract in this study was respectively from the lowest methanol concentration of 24.094% w/w, 31.126% w/w, 24.838% w/w. The value of total phenol levels increased with increasing methanol concentration, namely 124.84 mg GAE/g, 138.3 mg GAE/g, and 147.91 mg GAE/g. The highest total flavonoid value in 75% methanol extract is 69.72 mg QE/g, followed by 20% methanol extract at 46.29 mg QE/g and the lowest is found in 50% methanol extract at 32.80 mg QE/g. The results of statistical analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis test showed that there were significant differences (p&lt;0.05) in the value of total phenol levels and total flavonoids of the three extracts. Conclusion: The difference in the concentration of methanol solvents affects the value of total phenol levels and total flavonoids with the highest value produced by a 75% methanol solvent.&#x0D; Keywords: Beluntas Leaves (Pluchea indica L.), Total Phenol Content, Total Flavonoid Content, Gallic Acid, Quercetin.