Belief In Future Research Articles

Historiosophical reflections by Leonid Borodin in his autobiographical narrative “Without a choice”

The article examines Leonid Borodin’s historiosophical ideas stated in his autobiographical narrative “Without a choice”. It is shown that according to Leonid Borodin, the comprehension of the Russian history and the world history meaning was an existential effort rather than an abstract thought. Leonid Borodin’s historiosophical thought was hard won through his personal spiritual searches and coming to Orthodoxy. Therefore, it continued the tradition of the great Russian philosophers by becoming congenial to them and having risen up to their level. The spiritual logic of history, which requires spiritual and philosophical culture for its fundamental understanding, was discovered by Leonid Borodin thanks to the restoration of connection with the Russian philosophy of the Silver Age. The catastrophic lapse of a large portion of the people into the “satanic abyss” in the twentieth century can be explained precisely by the fact that it was basically caused by a religious deception and temptation rather than by a naive belief in the bright future. Namely, this is the obsession with pride, which does its best to “rebuild the world”. The internal spiritual and existential foundations of the philosophical understanding of the history by Leonid Borodin are also featured here. These are: 1) the thinking — free and seeking — and at the same time strict and heroic; 2) it is based on the highest spiritual comprehension of the truth, always associated with the mystical penetration into the flesh of history rather than on rational constructions of the mind (they are set up later as a result). Leonid Borodin had to resist this type of “dissidents” — Russophobes — even more fundamentally than the Soviet regime itself, since they became enemies of the Soviet regime not because of love for Russia, but, on the contrary, because of hatred for the country rather than for the regime. Leonid Borodin’s, just like Konstantin Leontiev’s, historical thinking was based not on some predefined schemes, but, first of all, on the aesthetic, full-blooded penetration into this meaning, “letting it pass through yourself”, experiencing it internally as a personal tragedy and personal fate, through which both the fate of the people in the twentieth century and the Christian meaning of the Russian history in general became clear.

"When I sing-I exist": A qualitative inquiry on posttraumatic growth in voicework groups with women coping with incest.

Literature on music therapy with incest survivors is scant, and to the best of our knowledge, voicework as a main technique in group settings has not been explored. The current study aimed to examine a voicework intervention with women coping with the effects of incest, understand its meaning for the participants, and examine its potential to promote well-being. Seventeen women coping with complex posttraumatic stress disorder due to incest participated in a voicework group intervention of eight weekly sessions. Therapy included techniques such as breathing, voice improvisation, songwriting, and performance of existing songs. Data were collected via focus groups before and after the intervention and documentation of songs sung during sessions. Data were analyzed according to the interpretative phenomenological analysis approach. Analysis yielded four themes. Personal empowerment relates to participants' enhanced connection with their body and utilization of creativity as an inner resource. Strengthened social ties relates to the group's ability to create a sense of belonging, togetherness, and an infrastructure for improving relationships outside the group. Enhanced belief in God describes renewed willingness to believe in God, and positive perception of the future reflects change from hopelessness toward belief in a better future. Overall, the findings indicate that the intervention enabled the development of personal, social, and spiritual growth and a positive outlook for the future. Findings are interpreted using the domains of the posttraumatic growth theory. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

The Role of Positive Youth Development as a Mediator of the Relationship between Family Function and Lecturer-Student Relationship

The final project is a graduation requirement for students and the quality of the lecturer-student relationship significantly impacts its successful completion. Several studies have shown that the satisfaction of students in their relationship with lecturers is majorly influenced by family function, but there is limited data on this association.. Therefore, this study aims to examine the mediating role of positive youth development in the effect of family function on the lecturer-student relationship. A quantitative explanatory approach was used and the sample population consisted of 171 active students in the 8th to 14th semester of the undergraduate program at University X. The instruments used included the Positive Youth Development (PYD), family function, and lecturer-student relationship scales. The hypothesis was tested with the mediation analysis model 4 using the SPSS Process Hayes V.4 program. The results showed that PYD partially mediated the effect of family function on the lecturer-student relationship. Furthermore, the indirect effect of family function was only significant through the mediation of prosocial norm, belief in future, and recognition for positive behavior.

Mental Health Impacts of Climate Change for Birthing People and the Provider's Role.

Mental Health Impacts of Climate Change for Birthing People and the Provider's Role.

Differentiating protective factors for transgender individuals who experience suicidality: The role of optimism as a mediator.

As a result of experiencing oppression-based stressors and trauma, suicide rates for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBTQ+) individuals are much higher than in the general population, and for trans and gender non-binary (TGNB) individuals specifically, rates of suicidality are even higher. To best understand how to engage in suicide prevention and intervention efforts for TGNB individuals, it is therefore crucial to understand factors that may mitigate suicidality for TGNB individuals. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between protective factors-body acceptance, optimism, social support and pride-and suicidality for TGNB adults. A total of 139 TGNB participants completed an online survey about suicidal behaviours, transgender-specific risk factors and transgender-specific protective factors. High rates of suicidality were observed in our sample. Initial results suggested that only optimism was inversely significantly related to suicidality. Given that optimism, which suggests a belief in a better future, has been found in previous studies to buffer the effects of deleterious stressors, optimism was also examined as a mediator between body acceptance (a key feature of gender dysphoria) and suicidality. Results suggested that optimism did mediate the relationship between body acceptance and suicidality. Optimism appears to be an important protective factor against suicidality for TGNB individuals and thus a potentially important target of intervention.

6ᵗʰ INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM “SMART LION”. MEDICINE AND WAR, OCTOBER 14, 2022

On October 14, 2022, the 6ᵗʰ International Symposium “SMART LION” (Science Medicine Arts Research Translational Lviv International Opportunity Network) was held in Lviv with the support from Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, the Medical Commission of the Shevchenko Scientific Society, Lviv City Council and Lviv Conference Bureau. It was no coincidence that the time of the conference coincided with the Day of Defenders of Ukraine, which include military medical professionals and scientists who equip them with knowledge and skills enabling them to save lives on the battlefield.
 The purpose of the symposium was to analyze the new experience of medical professionals and volunteers of Ukraine and its allies, which they acquired during russia's war against Ukraine, develop new methods in medical education, and establish close cooperation between military medical professionals, volunteers, and scientists.
 The scientific event was held online via ZOOM. It was also streamed on the Facebook page of the journal “Proceedings of the Shevchenko Scientific Society. Medical Sciences”. The event featured more than 20 speeches by international and domestic scientists and highly qualified specialists. Subsequently, they will serve as a scientific and practical foundation for the development of both military and general medicine. Discussions during the conference clearly showed the need for systemic changes in medical education, supplementing educational programs taking into account the vast experience of military medical professionals, and improving teaching methods.
 At the end of the symposium, organizers expressed confidence that most of the deliverables and ideas highlighted during the conference will be successfully implemented. We sincerely thank all defenders and allies of Ukraine, volunteers and medical professionals who save people's lives, sometimes pulling them out of the death grip. With hope for and belief in a bright future, with faith in an upcoming victory and plans to meet again live in Lviv at SMART LION 2023.

Favorable Adaptation during SARS-CoV-2-Pandemic as Told by Student-Athletes-A Longitudinal and Behavioral Study.

(1) Background: The aim was to explore the impact of adaptive responses (resilience factors) on student-athletes’ behaviors during a stressful period of life during the SARS-CoV-2-pandemic of 2020 and 2021. (2) Methods: A constructivist-based grounded theory (CGT) was used guided by a biopsychosocial approach. Based on purposeful sampling, 22 male and female student-athletes were divided into four focus group interviews (FGI) seven months after the outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2-pandemic (October 2020) and 18 of these were followed up by FGI seven months later (May 2021). The mean age was 17.65 and they represented golf and handball. (3) Results: The CGT contained four main categories seven months after the SARS-CoV-2-pandemic outbreak: Social support, Self-discipline, Physical practice and recovery and Management of everyday life. Fourteen months after the SARS-CoV-2-pandemic outbreak, four additional main categories emerged: More extensive social support, Belief in the future, Self-awareness and Responsibility and problem-solving. (4) Conclusions: The CTG suggests that student-athletes’ favorable adaptations to the stressful SARS-CoV-2-pandemic period 2020–2021 are based on a gradually developed ability to take responsibility for one’s own actions, insight into the importance of deepened social interaction, belief in a positive post-COVID future and increased awareness of physical activity and its relation to perceived health.

Philosophical Optimism and Philosophy of Historical Progress in Slovak Lutheran Ethics in the First Half of the 19th Century

Summary The author studies the form of philosophical optimism in Slovak Lutheran ethics in the first half of the 19th century in the views of Ján Kollár and Ján Chalupka. Herder’s philosophy of history and his philosophy of historical progress significantly influenced Slovak Lutheran ethics of the given period. In the author’s view, Kollár and Chalupka mainly appreciated human history as progress in all parts of life and refused glorification of the past. However, they did not limit their assessment to a positive evaluation of the present; they used one’s own mistakes and faults to appeal to moral development of man and placed to the forefront the belief in a better future of mankind in the form of humanity.

Community Acceptance of Nature-Based Solutions in the Delta of the Tordera River, Catalonia

Much has been debated regarding the environmental and economic aspects that conform the pillars of sustainability in nature-based solutions (NbSs). However, the social implications are lagging behind in both theory and practice. NbSs are not inherently socially and environmentally just and they might not work for or benefit everyone. On the contrary, they may lead to unequal environmental tradeoffs influencing therefore community acceptance. This research explored the different levels of community acceptance of NbSs in the Tordera delta (Catalonia) through structured interviews and Q-methodology with representative stakeholders. It pretended to contribute to more just NbS discussions by identifying variables of community acceptance through a socio-environmental perspective. The results exposed existing socio-economic and socio-spatial differences that cause unequal co-benefits and tradeoffs among stakeholders of the area. Three distinctive discourses were identified: (1) NbSs as an opportunity to re-naturalize the river; (2) the possibility of NbS implementation if aligned with the current socio-economic structure of the delta; and (3) the belief in a hybrid NbS future, combining grey infrastructure and NbSs. Building on those results and discussions, the paper reflected on a restructuration of the delta’s governance through further collaborative processes to seek a more socio-environmentally just and inclusive NbSs in the area.

Путінізм як головна екзистенційна загроза європейській перспективі Росії

In the article the authors analyze the retrospective aspects of the origin of Putinism in Russia, the essence of Putinism and the dangers arising from it. The authors compare two variables – Putinism and Stalinism. The authors assess a hypothesis that Putinism is a weak attempt to reincarnate Stalinism, which is manifested in revisionism, territorial expansionism, clan rule, absence of the rule of law, persecution of opponents, etc. The authors argued, that "Putinism" brought the dead bodies of journalists, civil activists, politicians and ordinary citizens both in Russia and beyond its borders. At the same time "Putinism" has returned to Russian citizens the belief in a bright future and the great Russia of Soviet times. Those citizens don’t matter that this bright future did not mean overcoming totalitarianism. Civility and defeated totalitarianism did not bother the majority of the population. They only needed a bright and, at the same time, rich future. These sentiments proved to be enough to create Putinism. In the paper authors stressed that, despite everything, the vast majority of Russian citizens, including Russian liberals, who are fighting against Putin’s regime and for the establishment of liberal values, at the same time, are not completely free from imperialist consciousness. In the end, everyone comes to the same conclusion – the goal is "Great Russia". Indeed, they do not like the "means", but they support the "goal". Kasparov, one of the most decent people – "is going to protect Crimean Russians from the atrocities of the Ukrainian army". The authors bring to light the question of the responsibility of Russian citizens in the creation of Putinism and talks about the need to overcome imperialist consciousness on the part of Russian citizens, just as it happened in Germany after the overthrow of fascism.

Barriers and Facilitators to Advance Care Planning among Chinese Patients with Advanced Cancer and Their Caregivers.

Background: Chinese American adults experience health disparities at the end of life. Culturally tailored advance care planning (ACP) may promote goal-concordant care across the continuum of serious illness. However, seriously ill Chinese Americans' preferences for ACP remain unknown. Objective: To explore barriers and facilitators to ACP among Chinese patients with advanced cancer and their caregivers. Design: Informed by socioecological theory, we conducted an exploratory qualitative study using semistructured interviews that were thematically analyzed. Setting/Participants: We recruited participants at one U.S. comprehensive cancer center. Of 27 eligible patients approached, we recruited 20 patients (74.1%) and 8 accompanying caregivers. Overall, participants were middle aged (55.6 ± 13.5 years), 60.7% female, 85.7% partnered/married, 89.3% college educated, and had low acculturation (mean Suinn-Lew Asian Self-Identify Acculturation = 2.0 ± 1.6/5.0). More patients were privately insured (35%) than self-pay (30%), Medicare (25%), and Medicaid (10%). Caregivers were split between "spouse" and "child." Results: Findings highlight participants' trust in their clinicians and the study institution as primary supports for clinicians to lead ACP. However, participants' preconceptions of clinicians' professional responsibilities and participants' belief in an uncertain future may hinder an open discussion of goals and values for future medical care. A key moderating factor in how participants view ACP may be their level of acculturation to local care, behavioral, and communication norms. Conclusions: Chinese patients may prefer a routinized clinician-led ACP approach that supports their actionable priorities in the present by leveraging patient-clinician trust, gauging acculturation level, and using indirect communication strategies. Future studies should investigate preferred communication strategies to support in-the-moment care planning.

AWWA Water Science Author Spotlight

AWWA Water Science Author Spotlight

Believe-in counterfactual thinking and psychological capital

Counterfactual thinking puts a negative reality and better or worse alternative outcomes in the mind simultaneously. The implicit theory of intelligence considers whether individuals believe that intelligence can be promoted by effort or not. Previous studies suggest that counterfactual thinking interacting with the implicit theory of intelligence would evoke a belief in an attainable future or a belief that a certain future could one day be reality, thereby producing positive effects. Three studies examined the hypothesis that belief in an attainable future through counterfactual thinking would predict psychological capital, which is a positive developmental state of individuals. In Study 1 ( N = 62), belief in an attainable future was operationalized by introducing the implicit theory of intelligence and counterfactual thinking. Incremental theorists had higher psychological capital when engaged in counterfactual thinking than controls. In Study 2 ( N = 71), belief in an attainable future was operationalized by introducing the likelihood of the antecedents and of the outcomes, which were conceptualized as how people believe in their counterfactual thinking. Belief in an attainable future predicted psychological capital even after controlling for the influence of future time perspective and present-fatalistic time perspective, two concepts that depict how individuals process time-related information. In Study 3 ( N = 76), we conducted an intervention study. Participants in the experimental group were directed to construct attainable counterfactual thinking for one week. The experimental group had higher psychological capital than the control group. Across three studies, the findings consistently provided primary support for the hypothesis that belief in an attainable future would predict psychological capital.

A Rhythmic-Cosmic Language: Folk Art as a Global Resource

For Walter Benjamin, the trip to Moscow in the winter of 1926-1927 was a disappointment not only for his love aspirations, but also in terms of his belief in a socialist future. Consequently, on this occasion he ignored signs of modernity, such as avant-garde art or constructivist architecture. Instead he was fascinated, even obsessed, with folk art. He spent hours in the Toy museum; his Moscow Diary is full of descriptions of the colourful range of lacquered caskets, stacked eggs, paper flow...

Communication, self-esteem and prolonged grief in parent-adolescent dyads, 1-4 years following the death of a parent to cancer.

Talking and grieving together may be advantageous for maintaining belief in a meaningful future and can help bereaved adolescents and their parents to cope better with the situation. The aim of this study was to explore communication, self-esteem and prolonged grief in adolescent-parent dyads, following the death of a parent to cancer. This study has a descriptive and comparative design. Twenty family dyads consisting of parentally bereaved adolescents (12-19 years) and their widowed parents completed the Parent and Adolescent Communication Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Prolonged Grief-13, 1-4 years following the death of a parent. Twelve family dyads reported normal-high parent-adolescent communication, 11 dyads rated normal-high self-esteem. Two adolescents and three parents scored above the cut-off for possible prolonged grief disorder (≥35), none of these were in the same dyads. There was a difference (p<.05) between boys (mean 40.0) and girls (mean 41.9) with regard to open family communication, as assessed by parents. Girls reported lower self-esteem (mean 26.0) than boys (mean 34.1, p<.01). This study provides insights from parentally bereaved families which indicate that despite experiencing the often-traumatic life event of losing a parent or partner, most participants reported normal parent-adolescent communication, normal self-esteem and few symptoms of prolonged grief. The potential usefulness of identifying families who may need professional support in family communication following the death of a parent is discussed.

Нездійснені мовні прогнози: уроки дає історія

The external history of individual languages shows attempts to predict their future. Time has shown that these predictions were both true and false. The article on the material of some languages analyzes what exactly predicted them in the past and what happened to them later. For example, in 16–17th centuries English was perceived as «backward» and «peasant», which should give way to a more perfect Latin. In the middle of the 20th century the Russian language was foretold the status of a world language after the victory of communism throughout the world. Quite often predictions about the near death of languages experiencing linguicide turned out to be false. Fr. Engels predicted the disappearance of «small» Slavic peoples and their languages (Czechs, Slovaks, Croats, Slovenes). In the 18th century, the Swedish administration predicted the rapid disappearance of the «hopeless» Finnish language. Sometimes optimistic forecasts were not confirmed either. At one time, nobody could foresee the rapid decline of Yiddish. As a result of the Nazi Holocaust and the subsequent assimilation of the Jews, the demographic power of this language decreased by more than 20 times. At the same time, Hebrew has unexpectedly overcome the opposite path during the incomplete century: from a half dead book language to a universal means of communication in all communicative spheres. The history of the Ukrainian language abounds with predictions of its imminent decline. The respective forecasts were given not only by assimilators, but also by native speakers. Thus, in the 19th century one of the motives for compiling grammar and dictionaries was the fear that in the future it would be impossible to do so, as the language is doomed to death. From chauvinistic point of view the Ukrainian language was perceived as unviable, which served as a basis for administrative oppressions and prohibitions. The misconceptions about its futility and near death existed in fact until the end of the 20th century. Unfulfilled predictions about the decline of languages give reason to formulate a recommendation: even if the language is subject to linguicide, it is not necessary to be pessimistic and to lose heart. The belief in a better future, the position «not to give up under any circumstances», the guide to an uncompromising fight for the language is practically expedient and psychologically advantageous. The second conclusion: there are still no reliable forecasting methods in linguistics. This is a big gap, because, apart from cognitive function, science must also have a predictive function. Prediction of the future of the language should become a topical task of modern linguistics.

Happiness, Sadness, and Hope for the Future in Narratives of Palestinian Refugee Children

Hope, as the measurable factor of how a young person perceives the future and their ability to be successful within their cultural context over time, is associated with a variety of positive outcomes including increased perceptions of happiness, positive academic achievement, and even lower risk of death. However, for children embedded in long-lasting geo-political conflicts that affect negatively individuals, families, and communities, and over which they have no ability to affect resolution or progress, hope is an illusive concept. The purpose of the current study was to test self-reported measures of happiness, sadness, and hope for the future in narratives of internally displaced Palestinian refugee youth across the West Bank. The sample consisted of 30 youth aged 14–16 years; they were selected from 5 Palestinian internally displaced (IDP) refugee camps (Balata, Askar, Ein Beit al-ma’, Nur Shams, and Jenin) in the West Bank of Palestine. Results demonstrated that factors related to youth-perceived happiness were the belief in freedom and peace for the future, interactions and activities with other youth, summer and winter camps, and material and emotional rewards they receive from caretakers (parents and teachers). Results also showed that factors contributing to self-reported sadness were occupation of their homeland, negative school conditions such as overcrowding and lack of resources, living conditions such as, and specific incidents of loss and traumatic experiences. Results also indicated that the hope for the future for Palestinian refugee children was based on their stated desires to continue their education, live in freedom and peace, return to their homeland, and get married and have a family. This work supports the ongoing inability of Palestinian youth to gather positive affect from the strengthening factors in their families and communities and maintain a belief in a better future via pro-social behaviors such as education, the establishment of families, and the return of their homes and lands.

Social innovation in traditional Norway: background and features

When we hear someone say “Norway”, in the imagination immediately emerges pictures of the ideal world: fairytale houses, bright green grass, picturesque nature, incredible fjords and wealthy and happy people. All in all, the above is the case in traditional Norway. This northwestern kingdom is perhaps the only state of its kind in which economic and political reforms are perfectly combined with social change and the evolutionary stages of civil society, giving what we now call the “ideal of socialism” model. However, it is quite obvious that the path to such a model was quite difficult; the Norwegians received their “ideal” state, through a total restructuring of their own consciousness, the creation of a unique system of upbringing of the younger generation, the belief in the common future of every Norwegian, which is both unique for each and for all. It is harder for a person who is not accustomed to hearing such postulates and, moreover, to live by following them, to grasp the whole content of these ideas. However, to make it easier to understand, there is only one fact: the gap between the very rich and the very poor in Norway is the lowest in the world. However, in Norway there is no such thing as “very poor”. Like the “very rich” by the way. Every Norwegian lives in the community, following the ten so-called “Yanté laws”, according to which “you, as an individual, do not exist; there is only a collective organism”. And as in every normal healthy organism, all the components cooperate together for the sake of further health of that organism. Amazingly? Yes. Radically? Yes. But does it work? Yes. Following this logic, the Norwegians have built a practically ideal place where all migrants and the needy want to live. Norway has become a kind of “Eldorado” for residents of third and, what to hide, second world countries. The author suggests in this study to familiarize with the main components of Norwegian “ideal socialism”, the preconditions that prompted the government to move in one way or another, as well as to list some of the most significant socially oriented innovative projects in Norway.

Becoming hope-free: Parallels between death of individuals and extinction of homo sapiens

The belief in a positive future, or hope, is not useful when presenting a person with a terminal diagnosis. Wishful thinking is no route to recovery, and it might interfere with the ability of a person to complete relationships during their final days. Hospice is a particularly effective strategy for palliative, end-of-life care. Similarly, hospice is an obvious strategy to address the near-term demise of homo sapiens.‘The great enemy of grief is hope. Hope is the four-letter word for people who are unwilling to know things for what they are. Our time requires us to be hope-free. To burn through the false choice of being hopeful and hopeless. They are two sides of the same con job. Grief is required to proceed.’(Stephen Jenkinson)

Фразеологія твору Пантелеймона Куліша "Чорна рада”

The article systematizes information about phraseological units of Panteleimon Kulish’s novel „The Black Council”, studied them in ethno-linguistic aspect, implemented temporal and spatial consideration of stable word combinations as a cultural phenomenon of artistic creation. The author proves that the ideological and aesthetic plan of the novel is represented by more than 260 phraseologisms. The writer used about 35 paremias, most of which glorify Cossack whirlwind, actualizing the values characterized for Cossacks at the end of the eighteenth century. With the help of paremias, the writer expresses his belief in a better future; demonstrates the complexity of life situations; explains the essence of Cossack preferences; condemns the behavior of Cossacks who conspire against the community, as well as those who take a passive position; figuratively characterizes the behavior of the actors. With the help of individual paremias, the writer formulates the regularities observed by mankind for a long time, which still fulfill the didactic function laid down in them. The emotionality of the actors' speech is indicated by the use of the curse. The central part in the phrasemicon of the work take place the units of somatic cultural code that help convey the psychological state of the heroes of the work, the complexity of human feelings, verbalize causes and signs of action. Phrases of anthropic cultural code are intended to characterize the actors, describe the social situation, demonstrate the veracity of the actors' speech. Persistent combinations of words of religious and demonologically-anthropomorphic ethnosubcode serve mainly the function of expressivization, they are actualized in references, quotations of religious subjects, traditional wishes, curses, etc. In general, the writer has used the encyclopedia-cognitive, linguistic and didactic potential of phraseological units used in the novel to create a folklore-genetic version of national writing, folklore speech of actors, and authorial digression.