Fan Behavior Research Articles

The Influence of Home-Court Advantage in Elite Basketball: A Systematic Review.

This systematic review analyzes the factors that influence home advantage in basketball across various competitions in the United States and Europe. Through an investigation of English- and Spanish-language articles published in EBSCO, Scopus, Consensus, and Web of Science between 2010 and 2024 related to home advantage in basketball, 1682 articles were initially identified. After applying specific filters to ensure that only articles concerning National Basketball Association (NBA), Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA), Euroleague, Spanish basketball, and European basketball were considered, 39 articles met the final requirements for in-depth analysis. The studies analyzed in this review suggested that player performance, player position, and sleep influenced home advantage in competitions in Europe and the United States. Fan behavior had a bigger impact in European competitions, where teams from capital cities have a lower home advantage. In the United States, where teams must travel long distances to play, several studies indicated that teams traveling eastwards tend to perform more strongly than teams traveling westwards. Also of note is that, in many cases, COVID-19 pandemic restrictions reduced home advantage. This review identifies factors contributing to home advantage in basketball, compares competitions in different regions, and proposes ideas for future research such as a greater focus on women's competitions, the impact of television, and the introduction of new performance indicators.

Satellite fans’ nostalgia buffers negative emotions and increases well-being and travel intention

This study aimed to examine how satellite fans perceived the risk of COVID-19 and its influence on their emotions (i.e., nostalgia, depression, and frustration), well-being, and intention to travel to the stadium of European Professional Football Leagues (EPFL) teams in the future. A total of 511 EPFL fans in Singapore participated in this study. Results showed that the perceived risk of COVID-19 increased depression and frustration; satellite fans who felt frustrated were more likely to feel depressed and nostalgic, and nostalgia positively affected well-being and travel intention. In addition, we found that the satellite fans who felt well were more likely to visit the stadium of their favorite EPFL teams. We identified the buffering role of nostalgia, which contributes to advancing the literature on sports tourism development and provides a deeper understanding of the behaviors of sports fans during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Why is “K-pop” popular in China: Research on the consumption behavior patterns in the New Media Environment

With the entertainment industry and the prevalence of consumerism today, the birth of the fan consumer culture in recent years has shown more and more powerful influence, fan economic market is growing. The emergence of new media communication channels, so that the emergence of new ways of communication, and then to provide a broader fan consumption exchange, trading platform. “Hanyu” also has many loyal fans in China, especially “K-POP” fans.This paper takes the “K-POP” fans in China as the main research object, studies their consumption behavior, analyzes the causes of this phenomenon and the factors that affect the consumption behavior of fans, further enrich the research results in the field of cultural consumption, explore the unique advantages of fan consumption culture for better manufacturing of Chinese products and dissemination of Chinese culture.

Fans' behaviour in selecting green accommodations

Sport tourism has become an increasingly popular global phenomenon, merging the allure of sporting events with the adventure of travel. Given the scale of such events and the transient spike in population they induce, it is crucial to consider sustainable practices, particularly in choosing accommodations. Green accommodations emerge as a key solution to mitigate the environmental footprint associated with sport tourism. This study investigates the behaviour of sports fans in selecting green accommodations, highlighting the increasing preference for environmentally responsible travel options in the context of sport tourism. Following the Theory of Planned Behaviour, this research assesses how attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control influence fans’ decisions towards eco-friendly lodging. Data were collected from an open questionnaire distributed across diverse digital platforms in Italy. The online survey included questions aimed at investigating fans’ preferences and behaviours in selecting green accommodations. Key findings reveal that, while environmental sustainability is not always the primary factor in accommodation choice, there is a notable consciousness towards eco-friendly living among sports tourists. However, the booking of green accommodations often falls short of initial intentions due to factors like limited availability, higher costs, and insufficient information. This study proposes strategies for event organisers and policymakers to bridge this intention-behaviour gap, such as enhancing the visibility of green accommodations and offering incentives to promote sustainable choices. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of consumers’ behaviour in sustainable tourism and underscores the need for integrated efforts to facilitate more environmentally conscious decisions in sport-related travel.

INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR DATA PROCESSING IN SPORTS USING THE RANDOM FOREST METHOD

A huge amount of data is collected and generated in modern sports. This data can be used to improve athletes' performance, make more informed coaching and strategic decisions, and increase fan engagement. However, processing, analyzing, and interpreting this data can be challenging. This article is devoted to the development of an information system for data processing in the sports sector using the random forest method. The system aims to ensure efficient collection, processing, and analysis of large amounts of data generated during sports competitions, training, and interaction with fans and other stakeholders. Research methods. This article proposes an information system (IS) for data processing in the sports industry using the Random Forest (RF) method. As one of the machine learning methods, it is well suited for working with large amounts of data and complex classification and prediction tasks. The proposed IS consists of three main components. The data collection module accumulates data from various sources such as sensors, GPS trackers, websites, and social networks. The data processing module cleans, normalizes, and transforms the data to prepare it for analysis. The data analysis module uses the RF method to analyze data, predict outcomes, identify patterns, and make decisions. The conducted research has shown that the proposed IS can be an effective tool for predicting the results of sports competitions with high accuracy, identifying patterns in the data that can be useful for coaches and athletes to improve their training and strategy, personalizing training programs and recommendations for athletes, increasing the level of fan engagement by providing them with personalized content and forecasts. The proposed IS based on the random forest method is a powerful tool for processing and analyzing data in the sports industry. Its use can lead to improved athletes' performance, more informed coaching and strategic decisions, and increased fan engagement. One of the most powerful and accurate machine learning methods, the random forest method, allows for reliable analysis and forecasting based on various types of data, including player statistics, match results, physiological indicators, and fan behavior data. The article describes the stages of creating an information system: from data collection to data processing, storage, and analysis.

Exploring e-sports fans’ motivation for watching live streams based on self-determination theory

This study seeks to examine the multifaceted influences of diverse motivational factors on the live streaming engagement of e-sports fans based on self-determination theory. While previous research has focused on the offline participation in e-sports events, the shift towards live streaming engagement has created a new and underexplored area: the motivations for live streaming viewing among e-sports fans. Consequently, this research develops an e-sports Live Streaming Viewing Motivation Scale for evaluating both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations underlying e-sports fans’ live streaming engagement, and then utilises SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 26.0 to assess the reliability and validity of the scale. Subsequently, multiple linear regression analysis of 1052 questionnaires is employed to construct models and evaluate hypotheses. Findings indicate that : (1) Intrinsic motivation exhibits significant impact on the live viewing behaviour of e-sports fans. (2) However, the impact of extrinsic motivation is insignificant. (3) When both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations coexist, intrinsic motivation maintains a positive impact, whereas extrinsic motivation demonstrates a negative influence. (4) The motivational influence is multifaceted; notably, dimensions such as idol worship, leisure entertainment, and competitive stimulation positively affect live viewing motivation, while belonging identification, social engagement, and peripheral activities exert a negative impact. In conclusion, intrinsic motivation emerges as the primary driving force behind e-sports fans’ live streaming viewing behaviour. Extrinsic motivation fails to independently influence live streaming engagement and even dampens enthusiasm when combined with intrinsic motivation. Theoretically, this study contributes to the existing literature on Self-determination theory and motivations behind e-sports live streaming viewing behaviour. It not only refines the motivation scale, but also elucidates the impact of various motivations on viewing behaviour. Practically, it provides insights for optimising e-sports products and services.

Pola Asuh Orangtua terhadap Perilaku Konsumtif Remaja Penggemar KPOP

The phenomenon of globalization is the development of kpop culture which then forms kpop fans dominated by teenagers who tend to do consumptive behavior. Parenting styles is one of the factors that can influence consumptive behavior in children. This study aims to determine the relationship between parenting style and consumptive behavior of adolescent kpop fans at SMP Negeri 92 Jakarta. The method used was quantitative with a sample of 47 teenage kpop fans, sampling using purposive sampling techniques. The results showed that there is a relationship between parenting styles and the consumptive behavior of teenagers who are kpop fans at SMP Negeri 92 Jakarta.

Perilaku informasi penggemar grup k-pop NCT Dream di media sosial Twitter

Introduction. This paper investigate information behavior of NCT Dream fans (The South Korean Boy Band) on Twitter. Previously, from research perspectives, fan behavior and their information behavior studies have not been discussed deeply. Fans have unique ways to use information by collaboratively creating, organizing, disseminating, and sharing information. Research Methods. The paper used a virtual ethnographic research method with a qualitative approach. Observations were conducted to explore the exchange of information and interaction between fans with text, images, video and audio among fellow fans. Data was collected by observations, researchers played a role as participants. Data Analysis. The paper followed the three stages of coding: open coding, axial coding, selective coding. Results and Discussion. Fans are able to create their own information, which later it is considered as community knowledge, although the source of information is not official. The fans demonstrate collaborative, creative, sharing, and performative activities that engage further with information. Conclusion. Fan information behavior involves information creation, information organization, information production, and production. Information behavior of fans on Twitter is informal, diverse, and evolving from the model of fan information behavior offered by Price. Furthermore, because fan behavior has shifted to textual productivity, this information behavior model is very helpful in identifying fans on social media. However, crowdfunding appear as one additional behavior inPrice's information behavior model.

Followers, fans, friends, or haters? A typology of the online interactions and relationships between social media influencers and their audiences based on a social capital framework

Little is known about the characteristics and dynamics within SMI–audience interactions and relationships from the side of SMI. Using interview data from 19 ( N = 19) SMI, this study aims (1) to increase the insights on the development (i.e. predictors and dimensions) and dynamics (i.e. outcomes and feedback loops) of SMI’s social capital and (2) use the social capital framework to develop a typology of different SMI–audience relationships. The resulting typology proposes four types of relationships. The first is the casual follower relationship, characterized by limited intimacy and low-effort contact. Second, the positive fan relationship involves typical fan behavior. These relationships are important for SMI because they offer psychological and commercial gains. Finally, the negative hater and the negative anti-fan relationship were distinguished. Whereas the first is a temporary superficial relationship, the latter has intimacy and reciprocity, which stimulates SMI’s investment. The theoretical and practical implications for SMI and marketing are discussed.

Bentuk Interaksi Parasosial pada Penggemar K-Pop Melalui Media Sosial X

The Korean wave has become very popular, especially in the field of music often referred to as “Korean pop” or “K-pop”, which is a fusion of various popular music genres from South Korea. With the internet and social media being easily accessible, K-pop in Indonesia is growing very fast. This research looks at the phenomenon of fan behavior towards their idols on social media, which leads to parasocial interactions because the ease of social media makes fans feel close to their idols. In parasocial interaction, a person acts towards media figures as if they are where they are. Parasocial interaction has forms including task attraction, identification attraction, and romantic attraction. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out how the form of parasocial interactions carried out by K-pop fans on X social media. This research uses a descriptive methodology that uses interviews and observations to collect data. The results showed that all informants actively engage in parasocial interactions with their idol, NCT, through social media X. This shows that the type of parasocial interaction that K-pop fans do on social media X. This shows that the types of parasocial interactions that occur in NCT fans through social media X are task attraction, identification attraction, and romantic attraction.

Research on the Exploitation of Artists in the K-pop Industry

The Korean pop music (K-Pop) industry has garnered fame in the recent years and has had a great economic impact on South Korea . It is best known for its music, performances and content creation but behind the glitz and glamour of the idol industry lies the dark truth if exploitation of its artists particularly minors. This paper examines the exploitation of artists, the trainee system, debut process, sexualization of minors and the impact of sasaeng fans. The unfair contracts, long working hours, the toxic beauty standards, limited rights over their craft which often leads to physical and mental health issues for these young artists’. The K-pop industry has been under scrutiny for its treatment and sexualization of minors. The intrusive and obsessive behaviors of the sasaeng fans further exacerbate the situation leading to concerns over the well-being of the artists. It also covers the government’s role and intervention in protection of minors and the protection of artists. However, more needs to be done to address these issues within the industry and strong measures need to be taken to ensure the well being of the artists and protection of minors within the industry.

The Influence of Parasocial Relations on Contemporary Chinese Young Women's Idol Worship: A Study on Fan Culture

With the booming development of socio-economic and Internet technology, social culture has also continued to improve and enrich the times. Fan culture is given a new cultural connotation, and the fans cover the coverage of all sectors of society, which has attracted widespread attention. This study explores the correlation between parasocial relationships and celebrity worship among young Chinese women, utilizing questionnaires to examine how social connections influence celebrity worship behavior and its impact on well-being. The findings reveal a significant association between parasocial connections with celebrities and the level of celebrity worship. Despite potential adverse effects, celebrity worship provides emotional support and fosters a positive outlook on the future through parasocial relationships. The research also delves into the psychological mechanisms underlying the formation of these relationships, emphasizing the role of social media and celebrity culture. Understanding celebrity worship among young Chinese women contributes to our understanding of fan behavior, personal identity development, and the broader socio-cultural context of media and celebrity in contemporary society.

Examining the Relationship Between Fanatic Levels of Football Fans and Verbal, Physical and Cyberbullying Behaviors

This research; It was conducted to examine the verbal, physical and cyber bullying behaviors of football fans according to their level of fanaticism. General survey model, one of the descriptive methods, was used in the research. The study group of the study consists of 417 football fans determined by random sampling method for the supporters of the 4 big teams in the Turkish Football Federation super league in the 2020-2021 football season. Research data; To determine the level of fanaticism of football fans, Taşmektepligil et al. (2015) developed the football fanaticism scale, and the verbal physical and cyberbullying behaviors of sports spectators scale developed by Karaca (2019) were used to measure the verbal bullying, physical bullying and cyberbullying behaviors of sports spectators. The SPSS.20 analysis program was used to analyze the data of the study, and ANOVA test and correlation analysis were conducted to examine the relationship between football fans' level of fanaticism and their bullying behavior. When the findings of the research are examined; It is seen that there is a significant relationship between football fans' tendency to think and act towards violence and their verbal, physical, and cyber bullying behaviors. As a result, it can be said that the verbal, physical and cyber bullying behaviors of football fans increase as the tendency to think and act towards violence increases.

Why Is My Team Wearing Rainbow Jerseys? Exploring Effects of DEI Messages on Sports Fans’ Responses

The current research explores the impact of fans’ team identification on their emotional responses towards diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) initiatives by sporting organisations. Using the theoretical lens of Construal Level Theory (CLT), two experimental studies were conducted in Australia ( n = 386) and the US ( n = 402) to understand how fans’ level of team identification and the framing of communication by sporting organisations influence their emotional responses. The findings suggest that fans with low levels of team identification are more likely to feel disgust towards abstract reasoning for DEI initiatives and are more likely to abandon their support for the team. In contrast, fans with high levels of team identification were less likely to feel disgust and less likely to abandon their support for the team. These results have important implications for both theory and practice. Theoretical implications of this research suggest that CLT can provide a useful framework for understanding the emotional responses of fans towards DEI initiatives. The findings also support previous research suggesting team identification is an important predictor of fan behaviour. Practical implications of this research suggest that sports marketers and organisations should carefully consider their communication strategies when promoting DEI initiatives.

Analyzing Extremist Fan Behavior on Major APP Platforms: A Communication Psychology Perspective in The Context of Ronaldo and Messi Fans

Analyzing Extremist Fan Behavior on Major APP Platforms: A Communication Psychology Perspective in The Context of Ronaldo and Messi Fans

Hubungan Kedekatan Personal ARMY terhadap BTS dengan Perilaku Aktivisme Sosial Online

The feeling of personal closeness between fans and their idols is the basis of the parasocial relationship that is often experienced by K-Pop fans, including ARMY and BTS. This parasocial relationship can make fans do anything for their idols, one of which is to carry out acts of social activism on behalf of their fandom and idols. Social activism is a positive behavior that is an action taken with the aim of bringing about change in society. The purpose of this study is to examine whether there is a relationship between ARMY's personal closeness to BTS and ARMY's online social activism behavior. This research was conducted through quantitative methods with sampling techniques using G*power. In the calculation stage, the Statistical Test was carried out with the structural equation model test. The results of statistical analysis using the help of JASP and SMARTPLS, state that the hypothesis that researchers build is accepted. From this it can be concluded that in line with previous research that the personal closeness between ARMY and BTS can be the basis for the behavior of fans, one of which is social activism because the two variables have a significant relationship.

PENGARUH MENONTON ANIMASI JEPANG DI INTERNET TERHADAP GAYA HIDUP WIBU DI YOGYAKARTA

Popular culture refers to those cultural elements that are best known, accepted, and consumed by the majority of society. It covers various aspects of daily life, such as music, films, television, fashion, food and other trends. Like this research, it focuses on three main operational indicators of anime consumption: preference, frequency, and attention. The sample consisted of 50 participants randomly selected from the wibu population during the Jejepangan cosplay event in Yogyakarta, with the aim of identifying and analyzing the influence of Japanese animation (anime) on the lifestyle behavior of wibu fans in Yogyakarta, especially in terms of consumption patterns, clothing choices, and merchandise purchases . This research uses a Likert scale questionnaire designed to measure the extent to which anime influences changes in consumption patterns, clothing choices and merchandise purchases. The results of the research, the results of statistical analysis in the F test, obtained an F value of 55.527 with a probability value (sig) = 0.000. It is known that Ftable with a total of 50 respondents is 4.04, so that the Fcount value > Ftable (55.527)> Ftable (4.04), and the sig value is smaller than the probability value of 0.05 or the value of 0.000<0.05. So it can be concluded that, variable x, namely the influence of watching Japanese animation on the internet (simultaneously), has a significant effect on variable y, namely the lifestyle of wibu in Yogyakarta. The conclusions of this study provide valuable insight into the influence of Japanese anime on the lifestyle of weibu individuals in Yogyakarta. These findings confirm the researchers' hypothesis that watching anime over the internet significantly influences weeaboo lifestyle choices, including clothing preferences, participation in events, and consumption patterns. Keywords: Japanesse Animation, Fans, Internet, Lifestyle

Using the Murdoch Mysteries fandom to examine the types of content fans share online

For many fans, much (if not all) of their fan behavior is displayed online, across a number of social media platforms through which they can interact and engage with each other and with the subjects of their fandom. This includes not only fan works such as fan fiction and fan art but also behaviors consistent with simply existing as a fan in an online space. The fandom of Murdoch Mysteries (2008–), a Canadian murder mystery TV show, demonstrates how a single fandom can manifest in multiple different ways across different platforms. Fans appear to make specific decisions about how they are willing to engage with their fandom and where.

Using Artificial Intelligence to Detect the Relationship Between Social Media Sentiment and Season Ticket Purchases

Sport marketing researchers and practitioners have suggested that sport organizations that effectively engage in social media conversations with fans are likely to influence fan behavior. Few prior studies have empirically examined the relationship between social media engagement and sport product purchases, particularly event tickets. The current study utilized artificial intelligence to examine eight user sentiments on official sport organizations’ Twitter accounts, then determine if those sentiments were related to season ticket sales. Three years of season ticket data were obtained from 62 NCAA Division I men’s basketball teams and utilized in a regression model, which also identified Twitter sentiment scores from 176,439 posts captured from the official Twitter account of those programs. A final model, which included several control variables, explained 65.7% of the variance in season ticket sales, with the lagged sentiments of “joy” (positive) and “sadness” (negative) having a statistically significant relationship with season tickets sold.

The Effects of Rotation and Solidity on the Aerodynamic Behavior of Low-Pressure Axial Flow Fans

Abstract Implicit axial flow fan models are commonly used for the numerical analysis of industrial heat exchanger systems. However, these fan models perform poorly within the often complex off-design flow environments characteristic of these systems, as their low-order formulations lose applicability under highly 3D flow conditions. At off-design flow conditions, rotation and blade solidity effects cause physical fan blade behavior to deviate from the anticipated 2D behavior characterized by the implicit models. Physical fan blade behavior at off-design flow conditions, however, remains uncertain and the specific effects of rotation and solidity are not yet widely understood. This study investigates off-design fan blade behavior by presenting explicit 3D computations of two low-pressure axial flow fans. The effects of rotation and blade solidity are then identified through a side-by-side comparison of the computed 3D fan blade data against isolated 2D airfoil data. The rotating fan blade lift characteristics are shown to be distinct from the comparative 2D airfoil trends. At low-flow (off-design) operating conditions, rotation establishes large radial flow movements, and the high blade solidities cause standing vortices to develop within the rotating blade passages. The radial outflow energizes the blades' boundary layers, and the vortices inhibit the flow from separating from the blades' surfaces. Consequently, blade stall is avoided and high lift coefficient values are realized. The presented fan blade lift characteristics are unique relative to literature on other turbomachines of lower blade solidity, highlighting the importance of considering solidity effects in implicit rotor model developments.