Entrepreneurial Behavior Research Articles

Young adults’ pathway to digital entrepreneurship: from ideas to innovation

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the digital entrepreneurial intentions of Albanian youth, identify the obstacles they face in starting digital businesses and examine their preferences regarding the types of businesses they aspire to establish. The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is used as a framework to analyze these factors.Design/methodology/approachPrimary data were collected via questionnaires distributed in public and private universities. In a sample of 325 students, Structural Equation Modeling with Confirmatory Factor Analysis, path analysis and machine learning-based text analysis were used.FindingsThis study reveals significant impacts of innovativeness, attitude towards entrepreneurship, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and self-efficacy on digital entrepreneurial intentions among Albanian students. Additionally, text mining highlights a strong preference for digital entrepreneurship.Research limitations/implicationsThe theoretical contributions of this study include applying Structural Equation Modeling to reveal insights into the impact of entrepreneurial factors and obstacles. The findings can inform policymakers and educators in designing targeted interventions to support student entrepreneurship. Meanwhile, the limitations of this study encompass a small sample size, lack of time series and panel data and the absence of an evaluation of the impact of education system practices, along with the need to investigate the effects of young population emigration from Albania to the EU.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the understanding of digital entrepreneurial intentions and behavior by using TPB in the Albanian context, offering access to a diverse dataset from Albanian universities, testing the direct impact of innovativeness on entrepreneurial behavior and pioneering the use of machine learning techniques for text analysis. Thus, it provides novel insights into the entrepreneurial landscape in Albania. In addition, this work can drive initiatives to support student entrepreneurship and bridge the gap between academia and industry in Albania.

The Impact of Green Credit Policies on Investment and Financing Behavior of Renewable Energy Enterprises

The Impact of Green Credit Policies on Investment and Financing Behavior of Renewable Energy Enterprises

Exploring the effects of institutional logics on entrepreneurial opportunity evaluations in emerging economies

ABSTRACT It is becoming increasingly crucial to understand how institutional logics influence entrepreneurial behaviors and decisions as they impact job creation and startups globally. This research hypothesizes how two different logics—family and market—will influence entrepreneurial decision-making and action. To test our hypotheses, we conducted a two-wave study using an experimental approach to gather data from 326 aspiring entrepreneurs in India who made 630 opportunity evaluation decisions. We analyzed this dataset using subgroup regression analyses. We find significant effects of institutional logics on entrepreneurial decision-making. Particularly, we find that in contrast to extant theory from developed contexts, in emerging economies such as India, the family logic has a stronger influence on willingness to invest in entrepreneurial opportunities as compared to the market logic. We also identify critical boundary conditions of the decision context that make the effect of institutional logic more or less salient. Our findings highlight that financial stakes and support from close associates strengthen the relationship between the family logic and willingness to invest. However, reputational stakes were found to significantly weaken the relationship between the family logic and willingness to invest. Thus, our research contributes to the literature on entrepreneurship by exploring microprocesses of institutional logics and the impact of the family logic on entrepreneurial decisions in emerging markets. Moreover, we extend the institutional logics literature by highlighting that the logics act not only as a “lens” but also as a “mirror,” helping entrepreneurs predict how certain stakeholders will interpret and react to their decisions and actions.

A mixed-method approach to designing an entrepreneurial behavior development model in agricultural cooperatives of Kermanshah Province

IntroductionOne of the main problems of agricultural cooperatives in Kermanshah province is the weakness in developing entrepreneurial behaviors. If these entrepreneurial behaviors are developed in agricultural cooperatives, it can be expected that their innovative products and services will be developed and expanded, and the field of improving food security and advancing rural and agricultural development programs in Kermanshah province will be provided. So, the present study aimed to design an entrepreneurial behavior development model in agricultural cooperatives in Kermanshah province using an exploratory mixed-method approach.MethodsIn the qualitative part of the study, the participating team included all key informed individuals in the entrepreneurship area in the cooperatives of Kermanshah province. Thirty participants were selected by snowball purposive sampling. The statistical population of the quantitative phase involved 530 managers and members of the active agricultural cooperatives in Kermanshah province. Among them, 223 were selected by the stratified sampling method and the use of Krejcie and Morgan's table. The data collected in the qualitative phase were analyzed by the Nvivo8 software, and the grounded theory was developed in the form of a conceptual model. In the model analysis, the research hypotheses were first compiled and then analyzed by the path analysis method in SPSS 23 and SmartPLS3 software.ResultsThe results of the quantitative phase showed that the causal conditions impacting entrepreneurial behavior development in agricultural cooperatives encompassed the acquisition of economic profits, personal incentives, enjoyment of human and financial credits, internal disputes, insufficient knowledge of the members, and managerial supports. The intervening factors consisted of sanctions, market fluctuations, and climatic changes, and contextual factors comprised cultural factors, diverse working areas, insufficient financial supports, the development of new markets, the institutions' rate of participation in and cooperation with cooperatives, and administrative bureaucracy. Likewise, the proposed strategies embraced promotional-educational practices, the constant modernization of cooperatives, reduction in administrative bureaucracy, supporting entrepreneurship, developing marketing, transparency in the cooperative, eliminating the intermediates, and supportive-financial policies, all of which gave rise to some consequences such as self-sufficiency in production, prevention from cooperative's depression, the development of producing capacities, an increase in job creation, and improvement in the livings of people. The mentioned model was also evaluated in the quantitative section and subsequently approved.DiscussionBased on the results, it can be said that for the development of entrepreneurial behaviors in agricultural cooperatives, a set of factors must be considered in interaction with each other. Based on the results, it is recommended to increase the information and awareness of cooperative members in the field of improving entrepreneurial behavior.

Breaking down entrepreneurial barriers: exploring the nexus of entrepreneurial behavior, innovation, and bank credit access through the lens of the theory of planned behavior

Access to finance is a primary concern for enterprises, serving as a critical component of tangible resources within the Resource-based View (RBV) framework and driving entrepreneurial activities globally. Bank credit stands as the preferred source of debt financing for enterprises, yet information asymmetry between lenders and borrowers poses significant credit obstacles. To address these challenges, we leverage the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), contending that entrepreneurs’ personal attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and subjective norms influence bank credit access. Additionally, we argue that innovation performance, an intangible resource within RBV, facilitates credit access by enhancing firms’ quality and creditworthiness from lenders’ perspectives. This paper aims to examine the relationships between TPB constructs, bank credit access, and innovation performance, as well as the mediating role of innovation performance, through an analysis of 1367 enterprises across diverse European countries. Our findings reveal that innovation performance fully and inconsistently mediates the relationships between personal attitude-credit access and subjective norm-credit access, as the direct impacts of personal attitude and subjective norm on bank finance are found to be insignificant and negative, respectively. These results underscore the pivotal role of innovation performance in linking entrepreneurial behaviors to credit access, contributing to the uniqueness of this research within the entrepreneurship literature. Moreover, our study emphasizes the need for training initiatives that foster innovative and entrepreneurial attitudes among firm executives, thereby facilitating easier credit access. As highlighted by our cross-cultural analyses, these implications extend beyond national borders, offering valuable insights for enhancing credit accessibility across diverse contexts.

Three stages of entrepreneurial university support and students’ entrepreneurial behavior: A statistical analysis using R Studio

The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between entrepreneurial university input (EUI), entrepreneurial university core strategic plan (EUCSP), entrepreneurial university output (EUO), student entrepreneurial intention (SEI) and student entrepreneurial behavior (SEB). A survey-based questionnaire was administered and a sample was collected from undergraduates registered in 12 university business incubators in Punjab, Pakistan. The data were analyzed with R programming using RStudio by loading the “seminar” library. The study found that EUI, EUCSP, and EUO are significant predictors of SEI. The policy recommendations of this research can be used by Pakistani universities to reshape and improve students’ entrepreneurial intentions and behaviors.

Improving Innovative Work Behavior in Small and Medium Enterprises: Integrating Transformational Leadership, Knowledge Sharing, and Psychological Empowerment

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) significantly contribute to society’s growth and welfare. Nevertheless, SMEs often experience challenges, i.e., high levels of competition and market demands. To maintain SMEs’ existence, a competitive advantage is demanded by increasing innovative work behavior. This study explores and evaluates the relationship between transformational leadership and innovative work behavior and examines the mediating role of knowledge sharing and psychological empowerment on the relationship between transformational leadership and innovative work behavior. This study uses a quantitative approach, where data were gathered from a questionnaire distributed to 190 employees of export SMEs and were further examined using Smart PLS 3.2.9. The findings demonstrate that transformational leadership does not influence innovative work behavior but significantly and positively influences psychological empowerment and knowledge sharing. Psychological empowerment and knowledge sharing significantly and positively influence innovative work behavior. Subsequently, psychological empowerment and knowledge sharing partially mediate the linkage between transformational leadership and innovative work behavior.

Revisiting the linkage between entrepreneurial intention and behavior in a mediated model: Evidence from Vietnamese logistics industry students

Young entrepreneurs are crucial participants in a country’s entrepreneurial ecosystem. This study analyzes the effects of entrepreneurial motivation and perceived university support on the entrepreneurial intention and behavior of Vietnamese students. A survey was conducted with 831 students who are studying logistics and supply chain management programs. Smart PLS and the Sobel test were utilized to validate the proposed hypotheses. The results indicate that financial motivation has a positive impact on student’s entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial behavior. Conversely, the desire for autonomy motivation has a direct negative impact on entrepreneurial behavior. Furthermore, perceived university support exerts a strong direct influence on student’s entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial behavior. Notably, entrepreneurial intention partially mediates the relationship between entrepreneurial motivation and entrepreneurial behavior and the relationship between perceived university support and entrepreneurial behavior. The research implications suggest that policymakers should prioritize assessing students’ entrepreneurial motivations before implementing entrepreneurship training programs. Additionally, universities should provide appropriate entrepreneurial support to students throughout their entrepreneurial behavior and their entrepreneurial careers. AcknowledgmentThis research is funded by the International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi (VNU-IS) under project number CS.2023-12.

Tribal women’s socio-economic characteristics and entrepreneurial behavior in custard apple processing

Tribal women’s socio-economic characteristics and entrepreneurial behavior in custard apple processing

Factors influencing the entrepreneurial behaviour of the contract and non-contract farmers in Haveri district

Factors influencing the entrepreneurial behaviour of the contract and non-contract farmers in Haveri district

시니어 창업의 내·외적 동기가 창업의지와 창업행동에 미치는 영향

According to the 2023 Statistics Korea survey, the elderly population aged 65 or older in Korea accounted for 18.4% (approximately 9.5 million) of the total population. The working elderly population aged 65 or older (as of 2022) also reached 36.2%, which is a 6.1p% increase from 30.1% in 2012, 10 years ago (Statistics Korea, 2023). In particular, Korea has the highest elderly employment rate among OECD countries (Cho, 2023). Due to the aging population, various social problems are emerging, such as the burden of support and welfare costs for the elderly, but in particular, the employment problem of retirees is becoming a serious issue due to the full-scale retirement of the baby boomer generation (Curran, Blackburn, 2001; Choi, 2015). Therefore, this study aimed to derive and empirically analyze the internal and external motivations that affect seniors’ entrepreneurial will and entrepreneurial behavior in a dilemma situation where they have to make a decision between senior reemployment and entrepreneurship after retirement. The results of the study showed that the key factor affecting senior entrepreneurial will was internal motivation (Innovativeness, Risk Taking, and Technological capability), and this internal motivation ultimately led to actual entrepreneurial behavior. Based on these results, implications were suggested for establishing and supporting entrepreneurship support policies related to senior entrepreneurship, and the limitations of the study were presented.

Boosting Business Performance: The Impact of Entrepreneurial Culture on Women Entrepreneurs’ Behavior

Entrepreneurship has been extensively examined across various management disciplines, with significant attention given to women entrepreneurship, which has made considerable strides in recent years. Despite this positive trend, many women continue to face challenges in balancing their business responsibilities with household duties. These challenges often lead to role conflicts as women navigate the demands of both their professional and domestic roles. This research aims to evaluate the impact of adopting an entrepreneurial culture on shaping the entrepreneurial behavior of women entrepreneurs, with the ultimate goal of enhancing their business performance. The study involved 88 married women entrepreneurs and utilized partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) for analysis. Additionally, Importance-Performance Map Analysis (IPMA) was employed to elucidate the significance and impact of each variable. The findings highlight the crucial role of adopting an entrepreneurial culture in women entrepreneurship, demonstrating its substantial influence on both the transformation of entrepreneurial behavior and the enhancement of business performance. Consequently, to achieve superior business performance, it is recommended that entrepreneurs should focus on the cultivation and refinement of their entrepreneurial culture.

The Effect of Financial Literacy on Financial Behavior of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Ulugawo District, Nias Regency

Low financial literacy has significant implications, including restricted access to financial institutions and mismanagement of money and wealth. A common consequence of low financial literacy is the limited access to financial services, often restricted to banks. This issue is particularly prevalent among Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), where poor financial literacy hinders both business growth and economic development. Many individuals lack the financial knowledge necessary to manage investments, pay bills on time, and maintain a budget, all of which are essential for sound financial management. In the case of MSME actors in Ulugawo sub-district, observations reveal that many do not have a clear understanding of financial management, nor do they maintain proper financial records. This lack of financial knowledge often leads to difficulties in organizing expenditures and managing finances. As a result, many MSMEs struggle to present their financial standing clearly, making them ineligible for capital credit access. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of financial literacy on the financial behavior of MSME actors in Ulugawo, Nias. The research employed a quantitative descriptive approach, with data collected through questionnaires. The data analysis revealed that financial literacy accounts for 70% of the variation in financial behavior among MSMEs in Ulugawo, indicating that the remaining 30% is influenced by other factors not covered in this study. The t-test results for the financial literacy variable (X) showed a t-value of 2.191, with a significance level of 5%. The calculated r-value was greater than the critical r-value (r-calculated > r-estimated, 1.6759), confirming the significant influence of financial literacy on financial behavior.

Rediscovering paternalistic leadership: a powerful engine for startup

ABSTRACT This study investigates the effects of paternalistic leadership, a predominant leadership style in Confucian-influenced East Asia, on the growth and innovation of start-up companies, particularly within the information technology sector. Contrary to the prevailing belief that paternalistic leadership stifles innovation, our findings reveal that this leadership style can significantly enhance business performance. This study identifies key mechanisms, such as fostering employee loyalty, improving decision-making processes, and encouraging proactive behaviours, that drive growth under paternalistic leadership. Empirical evidence shows that employees under such leadership exhibit entrepreneurial behaviours marked by innovation, risk-taking, and initiative, leading to measurable improvements in profitability, customer satisfaction, and market share. These results underscore the role of paternalistic leadership in accelerating the success of East Asian start-ups and provide valuable insights for organisations seeking to balance cultural leadership styles with the demands for innovation.

The mutual influence between entrepreneurial marketing and causal and effectual entrepreneurship: an empirical study in an emerging and developing economy

PurposeEntrepreneurial marketing (EM) literature has evolved recently, but more understanding is needed on how the seven dimensions of EM impact causal and effectual entrepreneurial behavior and, similarly, how entrepreneurial behavior influences the results of all dimensions of the EM construct. This study investigates the association and mutual influence between EM and entrepreneurship.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a qualitative strategy, addressing gaps due to its low incidence and employs theoretical replication, which is practically unexplored. It investigates two cases in Brazil: small companies (eight cases selected by literal replication) and a structured network of companies (one case selected by theoretical replication), predicting a positive influence of EM in the first case and a negative or neutral influence in the second.FindingsThe influence of EM on entrepreneurship is context-dependent and varies according to the empirical object. In turn, the impact of entrepreneurship on the results of the EM dimensions is more stable, primarily causal and varies slightly between structures.Originality/valueFirst, by studying how the dimensions of EM impact causal/effectual behavior, this study broadens the understanding of the area, which was previously focused on only a few dimensions. Second, by investigating the impact of entrepreneurship on EM outcomes, this study sheds light on the influence of and differences in causal/effectual behavior in each of the seven dimensions. Finally, it extends the understanding of EM and entrepreneurship in small businesses and a structured network by identifying similarities and distinctions hitherto unexplored.

Ways of self-renewal of kindergarten teachers in forest kindergartens change

ABSTRACT The study examined the self-renewal and conceptual change kindergarten teachers in Israel, underwent from a professional career perspective in the process of implementing the transition to a forest kindergarten model. Educator’s career consists of four consecutive stages: entry, building, mid-career, and the late career. In education, self-renewal is a phenomenon characteristic in the mid-career stage. Self-renewal has scarcely been studied in early childhood educators. This article examines self-renewal based on interpretations of interviews with 19 kindergarten teachers in Israel who responded to an institutional initiative to create forest kindergartens. Results show three ways that mid-career kindergarten teachers used to update their pedagogical knowledge and reframe their educational perceptions. Self-renewal reflects the professional kindergarten teachers’ background based on their past experiences and aspects of entrepreneurial behavior. The article can help policymakers improve early childhood education and launch new enterprises.

Bridging the gap between entrepreneurial intentions and behavior: examining the role of mindfulness

PurposeThis study investigates the role of mindfulness in the relationship between entrepreneurial intention and behavior.Design/methodology/approachTo investigate the effect of mindfulness on entrepreneurial intention and behavior, we adopt a conceptual framework based on the theory of planned behavior and develop our hypothesis, anticipating that mindfulness has a moderating effect on the entrepreneurial intention–behavior relationship. We conduct an empirical study by administering a survey questionnaire with 329 respondents who attended a training program organized by one of the leading management institutes in India.FindingsWe find a positive effect of entrepreneurial intention and mindfulness on entrepreneurial behavior. Further, mindfulness has a moderating effect on the entrepreneurial intention–behavior relationship.Research limitations/implicationsThe study has a few limitations. It was conducted among unemployed youth who participated in a government-sponsored training program for the promotion of entrepreneurship. Although not all the participants in the program were automatically eligible for government funding for starting a business, their entrepreneurial intention–behavior relationship may vary based on their conditions after the training concluded. This study emphasizes only the relationship between mindfulness and entrepreneurial intention behavior, considering EI and well-being implicit in mindfulness. Other contingent factors might also influence the entrepreneurship intention–behavior relationship, but our argument is that, ultimately, all emotional and rational factors can be subordinated to mindfulness. Hence, future research could be carried out to study the effect of mindfulness practice, entrepreneurial intention and the effectiveness of implementation behavior. Further longitudinal studies could be designed to understand how mindfulness training bridges the gap in the entrepreneurial intention–behavior relationship.Practical implicationsThrough this study, we offer empirical evidence on the role of mindfulness in moderating the intention–behavior relationship in entrepreneurship. Mindfulness makes people more aware of their internal and external environment when they pay attention with a purpose that helps them to regulate their emotions, cognition, novelty seeking and social contexts to sustain the ups and downs in starting a business.Originality/valueThe findings of the study offer new insights into the nuanced association between entrepreneurial intention and behavior through the lens of mindfulness.

The Study on the Impact of the New Third-board Firms Transfer Listing on Financial Flexibility

Abstract: The transfer and listing of enterprises on the New Third-board is one of the specific reform policies in the capital market in China. As the third-board enterprises are small and medium-sized as well as start-ups, they have a greater need for money, and the policy of restricting their issuance and listing has seriously constrained the financing channels of these enterprises. After the reform, third-board enterprises can apply for transferring to the board for listing after one year of listing and meeting the requirements of the exchange, and do not need to be approved by the China Securities Regulatory Commission. This study wants to use a comprehensive index to examine the financial results of this behavior. Financial flexibility is an important indicator to measure the ability of enterprises to raise funds, and it is appropriate to use it to test the comprehensive effect of the behavior of enterprises. This study selects a sample of 127 firms around 2022 and conducts a difference-in-difference model on their transfer to public listing, obtains the conclusion that transferring to public listing reduces the financial flexibility of firms in the short term, and analyzes the attribution of this result from a theoretical point of view. Finally, this study gives some suggestions for firms that engage in such listing behavior to improve their financial robustness.

Which Individual Characteristics Mediate the Relationship Between Social Entrepreneurial Passion and Social Entrepreneurial Intention?

Social entrepreneurship, operationalized through social entrepreneurial behavior, focuses on social missions, primarily looking for new solutions to social problems. Social entrepreneurial intention, however, is the main foundation before the emergence of social entrepreneurial behavior. This research examines a model of social entrepreneurial intention empirically tested on undergraduate students involved in innovative business projects. Specifically, this study aims to test the positive relationship between social entrepreneurial passion and social entrepreneurial intention and verify which individual characteristics (i.e., social entrepreneurial self-efficacy, pro-social behavior, and social support) mediate the positive relationship between social entrepreneurial passion and social entrepreneurial intention. The data was collected from 416 undergraduate students and analyzed using the confirmatory factor analysis and Hayes’s PROCESS macro approach. The results showed that social entrepreneurial self-efficacy, pro-social behavior, and social support completely mediated the positive relationship between social entrepreneurial passion and social entrepreneurial intention. This study provides theoretical implications for extending the literature regarding the theory of planned behavior in the context of social entrepreneurship. This study also has practical consequences for entrepreneurship educators and policymakers in educational management.

A low-carbon supply chain pricing mechanism considering CSR under carbon cap-and-trade policy.

In the context of environmental deterioration and people's growing environmental protection awareness, governments or regions have put forward corresponding carbon emission reduction policies. Among them, the carbon trading mechanism, as an effective means to promote enterprises to implement emission reduction measures, plays a crucial role in regulating enterprise behavior and promoting social sustainable development. Since various industries and sectors support each other in social and economic development, it is more reasonable to study the carbon emission reduction optimization decisions of society and enterprises from the perspective of the supply chain. To achieve the carbon reduction target of the supply chain system, manufacturing enterprises usually need to incur additional costs to invest in emission reduction technologies, and retail enterprises also need to conduct low-carbon publicity to increase product market share. On one hand, considering the impact of the government's emission reduction constraints and consumers' low-carbon preferences, manufacturers will take corporate social responsibility (CSR) into consideration to enhance product competitiveness. On the other hand, smaller retailers are more concerned about being treated fairly than about their own profits due to the extra cost of low-carbon advertising. In this paper, considering the background of carbon trading, the manufacturer's CSR and retailer's fairness concern behavior are introduced into the decision-making process of the low-carbon supply chain (LCSC), and the relevant emission reduction decision-making model is constructed by using Stackelberg game theory and backward derivation method. Through comparative analysis of relevant parameters, members' profits and utilities, this paper focuses on the influence of CSR and fairness concerns on system decision-making. The results show that the optimal way for LCSC decision-making is to cooperate with fair-concerned retailers and manufacturers with CSR. When manufacturers consider social responsibility within a certain range and retailers bear part of the cost of social responsibility as followers, it can not only effectively improve the emission reduction level of the supply chain and the profits of each entity, but also help to increase the enthusiasm of each entity for carbon emission reduction and the overall social welfare.