Behavior In Korea Research Articles

Understanding of Nationwide Camping Behavior in Korea: The Influence of Camping Regions and Type of Accommodation on the Costs Incurred

ABSTRACTThis study aims to investigate the main effect, and interaction effect of, camping regions and type of accommodation (i.e., general tent; glamping; camping car, caravan, trailer; car including general/modified vehicle) on campers' spending in terms of total, transportation, and accommodation costs. This study recruited a total of 3087 respondents based on the online panel who experienced camping between January 1, 2021 and December 31, 2021, in order to conduct two‐way ANOVA. Based on the analyses, the current study found a significant effect of the type of accommodation and camping regions on total, transportation, and accommodation costs. The significant interaction effect of camping regions and total, transportation, and accommodation costs suggests that a comprehensive understanding of campers' different needs for the type of accommodation in a diverse range of regions, specifically in Korea, is needed. As a result of the study, the practical implications for the operators of campsites were provided.

HOW TO REDUCE TRANSMISSION OF RESPIRATORY INFECTIOUS DISEASE IN INTERIOR SPACES: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY WITH INTERIOR DESIGN PROFESSIONALS

ABSTRACT This study was motivated by the need for empirical evidence to inform design guidelines for interior workspaces during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research had two goals: to identify the features of interior spaces and behaviors in Korea where many confirmed cases of COVID-19 were found; and to examine design professionals’ opinions on workplace management and operation to reduce transmission of respiratory infectious disease. A content analysis of newspaper articles on confirmed cases was conducted and a survey was administered to design professionals. The analysis identified common features of the interior spaces with confirmed cases of COVID-19. Based on the analysis of the article contents, a questionnaire was constructed. The questionnaire asked design professionals to suggest interior design considerations that could prevent the spread of the virus in interior spaces. They emphasized the separation of individual spaces from shared spaces; installing partitions in rooms that could not be divided; ending two-way traffic in narrow hallways; reducing room density and avoiding crowding; adopting touchless technologies and no-touch access to interior spaces; automating interior equipment and facilities; and encouraging office users to work from home if possible. These findings should be factored into interior space planning and management to reduce the risk of exposing future users of these spaces to infectious respiratory diseases.

Associations between traumatic dental injuries due to violence and various drinking behaviors in Korea: A cross-sectional study.

Various patterns of alcohol consumption are associated with trauma and violence. The aim of this study was to assess the association between traumatic dental injuries (TDI) due to violence and different patterns of alcohol consumption in Korean adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted with representative sample of Korean adults. Among the total participants, 11.8% (6489/58,999) experienced TDI, and 0.9% (520/58,999) experienced TDI due to violence. The associations between various types of alcohol consumption (frequency of drinking, frequency of binge drinking, age of first drinking) and TDI due to violence were assessed using logistic regression analyses. We confirmed differences in the prevalence experience of TDI due to violence with various types of alcohol consumption by confounders (socioeconomic status). All types of drinking (frequency of drinking, frequency of binge drinking, age of first drinking) were strongly associated with TDI due to violence. After adjusting for confounders, those who started drinking at the age of 18 or younger and drank 4 or more days a week (OR: 2.86, 95% CI: 1.68-4.88), those who started drinking at the age of 18 or younger and drank 3 days or less a week (OR: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.40-4.02), and those who started drinking at the age of 18 or younger and binge drinking at least once a week (OR: 3.18, 95% CI: 1.79-5.65) had higher prevalence of TDI due to violence compared to those with no alcohol drinking. This study presents evidence of an association between various types of alcohol consumption and TDI due to violence in Korean adults. These findings suggest the necessity for policies aimed at reducing alcohol consumption, frequency of drinking, and access to drinking especially in adolescent to reduce the prevalence experience of TDI due to violence.

Public Behavior in Korea and China in Acquiring Particulate Matter Information

Public Behavior in Korea and China in Acquiring Particulate Matter Information

Factors associated with clinical nurses' preconception health behavior in Korea: a cross-sectional survey.

Nurses have been reported to be at an increased risk for miscarriage and preterm labor. However, there is limited knowledge regarding nurses' preconception health behaviors. Therefore, this study aimed to identify factors influencing these behaviors. One hundred sixty nurses, who were planning their first pregnancy within the upcoming year, participated in an online survey from August 11 to October 31, 2021. Data on preconception health behavior, perceived health status, pregnancy anxiety, nursing practice environment, and social support were analyzed using the t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis. Age (р=.024), educational level (р=.010), marital status (р=.003), work experience (р=.003), satisfaction with the work department (р<.001), smoking status (р=. 039), and previous health problems related to pregnancy outcomes (р=.004) were significantly associated with nurses' preconception health behaviors. Furthermore, perceived health status (р<.001), pregnancy anxiety (р=.011), nursing practice environment (р=.003), and social support (р<.001) showed significant correlations with preconception health behaviors. Social support (β=. 28, р=.001), satisfaction with the work department (β=.23, р=.032), marital status (β=.22, р=.002), and perceived health status (β=.23, р=.002) were confirmed as factors associated with preconception health behaviors. These factors explained 40.9% of the variance in preconception health behaviors (F=6.64, р<.001). Clinical nurses' preconception health behaviors were influenced by social support, perceived health status, satisfaction with the work department, and marital status. Interventions to improve clinical nurses' preconception health behaviors should target social support and perceived health status. A preconception health behavior education program considering clinical nurses' marital status and satisfaction with the workplace can also be implemented.

Analyzing the influence of COVID-19 Media Coverage on Online Information Seeking Behavior in Korea

Analyzing the influence of COVID-19 Media Coverage on Online Information Seeking Behavior in Korea

Food-related media use and eating behavior in different food-related lifestyle groups of Korean adolescents in metropolitan areas.

This study investigated the relationship between adolescent food-related lifestyles and food-related media use and eating behavior in Korea. Participants were 392 Korean adolescents, ranging in age from 12 to 18, recruited via convenience sampling. They completed a self-report questionnaire survey consisting of questions about food-related lifestyle, food-related media use, food consumption behavior, food literacy, and nutrition quotient. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 29.0. (IBM Co., Armonk, NY, USA). The factor analysis of food-related lifestyles identified four factors. Based on the cluster analysis results, participants were classified into three clusters reflecting different levels of interest: high interest in food, moderate interest in food, and low interest in food. The analysis revealed significant differences between groups in food-related liestyle factors (P < 0.05). Notably, the high-interest group demonstrated proactive engagement with food-related content, a willingness to explore diverse culinary experiences, and a conscientious consideration of nutritional labeling during food purchases. In contrast, the low-interest group reported tendencies toward overeating or succumbing to stimulating food consumption post-exposure to food-related content, coupled with a disregard for nutritional labeling when making food choices. A stronger inclination toward a food-related lifestyle was positively correlated with higher levels of food literacy and nutrition quotient. This study proposes that the implementation of a nutrition education program using media could effectively promote a healthy diet among adolescents with a high level of interest in their dietary habits. For adolescents with low interest in their dietary habits, it suggests that introducing an education program with a primary focus on enhancing food literacy could be beneficial in fostering a healthy diet. Our research findings provide insight for the development of tailored nutritional education programs and establishment of effective nutrition policies.

Success Sweeter than Sugar: New Product Development Strategies of Successful Independent Bakeries in South Korea

It is widely accepted that successful products lead to a business's success as a whole. Therefore, creating new products, or New Product Development (NPD), must be carefully conducted to minimize the risks of new product failure. Economists often debate the effectiveness of customer-led (CL) approaches, market-oriented (MO) approaches, and the degree of product newness in NPD. Unfortunately, there is little existing research on applying these NPD approach considerations in the food industry, specifically the bakery sector, especially regarding independent businesses. In the ultra-competitive bakery industry in South Korea (Korea), independent bakeries must carefully hone their NPD process to attract customers and maintain a competitive advantage. To uncover the NPD processes of successful bakeries in Korea, structured interviews with five bakery owners of successful bakeries were conducted and analyzed for common themes through a thematic analysis. This study found that both CL and MO approaches were used for most of the five bakeries. Additionally, most of the bakeries tended to prioritize technological novelty over consumer perceptions of uniqueness. Further research is needed on the applicability of this study's results in industries with lower levels of neophobia to see if the NPD processes used by Korean independent bakeries are successful in various environments or solely in the Korean bakery market. The findings of this study may help independent bakery owners develop effective NPD processes based on consumer behaviors in Korea and the strategies of their competitors.

Sand Story Counseling for Korean Early Childhood and Young Students: Life History Research on Heesoon Cho's Life Works and their Meanings

This study centers on the dynamics of psychology theory. Drawing upon Heesoon Cho's life, we aim to extract and analyze sand story counseling in her personal and academic experiences. Additionally, we aim to investigate her process of adapting sand play techniques into Korean sand story counseling and explore how this adaptation of sandplay, along with its dissemination, contributed to early childhood development, counseling, and psychological exploratory behaviors in Korea. To avoid bias, we adopted a life history method, including collaborative interviews and triangulation. The results reflected Cho’s life chronologically, describing significant events in her life. Using existing Western theories, Cho transformed and acculturated the existing sandplay technique into sand story counseling in the Korean context. Cho observed significant positive outcomes through sand story counseling. Sand story counseling theory significantly contributed to professional counseling. This study strongly supports future culture-fit counseling research in Korea, as opposed to adopting Western theories.

The Impact of (COVID)-19 on Beverage Purchasing Behaviors in Korea.

Objective: In this study, we examined changes in purchase behavior of alcoholic beverages (ie, soju, beer, wine, traditional Korean liquor, and liquor) and non-alcoholic beverages (ie, fruit and vegetable juices, coffee, tea, bottled water, milk, yogurt, and plant-based milk) before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Monthly beverage expenditure data, based on Korean household demographic information, was used for 3 years and 6 months. The 2-part model was used for analysis. To examine the effect of COVID-19, beverage expenditure was analyzed after dividing it into short-term and long-term effects. Results: Our results show that the probability of purchasing alcoholic beverages increased owing to the long-term effect of the COVID-19 pandemic. The amounts of beer, wine, and traditional Korean liquor purchased increased in the long-term. The purchase of sweet drinks decreased (ie, fruit and vegetable juices and yogurt) in the long-term because of the effect of the pandemic. On the other hand, tea, water, and plant-based milk expenditures increased. Conclusion: This beverage consumption pattern reflects both unhealthy (ie, an increase in alcoholic beverage purchases) and healthy drinking behaviors (ie, a decrease in sweet beverage purchases and an increase in tea, water, and plant-based milk purchases).

Effects of Individualism, Collectivism, Materialism, and Willingness to Pay for Environmental Protection on Environmental Consciousness and Pro-Environmental Consumption Behavior in Korea

Environmental consciousness is linked to pro-environmental consumption behavior; however, the consequences of variations in the level of environmental consciousness have not been fully investigated. Therefore, we evaluated differences in individualism, collectivism, materialism, willingness to pay (WTP) for environmental protection, and pro-environmental consumption between groups with varying levels of environmental consciousness. After evaluating the factors that differentiate these groups, we identified the determinants of pro-environmental consumption for each group. For the study, an online survey was conducted, including 472 adults aged 20–69 years. Groups with low and high levels of environmental consciousness differed significantly with respect to all factors except individualism. The group with a high environmental consciousness exhibited higher collectivism, WTP for environmental protection, and pro-environmental consumption behavior, and lower materialism than the group with a low environmental consciousness. For the group with low environmental consciousness, collectivism was the main factor affecting pro-environmental consumption behavior (i.e., purchase, use, and disposal). In the group with high environmental consciousness, WTP for environmental protection and collectivism were the main determinants of pro-environmental consumption behavior. These results provide a basis for a systematic approach to improve pro-environmental consumption behavior based on environmental consciousness.

한부모가정에 대한 한국과 중국의 연구동향 비교 분석

Objectives The purpose of this study was to find out the flow of research and predict future directions by comparing and analyzing the research trends of single-parent families conducted in Korea and China.&#x0D; Methods In order to achieve this goal, we compared the study trends by analyzing the Year of Publication, Research subject, Research them, and Journal's field of studies of 140 Korean academic research papers, 97 Chinese academic research papers and a total of 237 papers from 2001 to August 2021 were analyzed.&#x0D; Results Conclusions and implications based on the study results are as follows. First, From 2016 to 2021, in Korea and China, the single parent family research is continuously published every year, showing an overall increasing trend. In particular, the two countries are most active in research from 2016 to 2021. Second, as a result of analyzing the trends by Research subjects, the two countries have the largest number of teenagers including junior high school students and high school students. There are more studies on single parents in Korea and more studies on college students in China. Korea has the most single parents research and China has the highest number of college students. Third, as a result of analyzing the trends by Research thems, the largest number of recovery of psychological and emotional health studies were conducted in Korea and China. And a small number of academic &amp; school adjustment and recovery of problem behaviors in Korea and China. Fourth, as a result of trend analysis by Journal's field of studies, general education and development, social wlfare &amp; policy &amp; administration, the largest number of studies were conducted in Korea and China. The number of studies conducted by the number of family &amp; family support management and counseling science in Korea and the medicine &amp; clinical pathology in China was the largest.&#x0D; Conclusions At last, Based on the analysis results, suggestions for the future research were discussed.

매출변동 규모가 비대칭적 원가행태에 미치는 영향

ABJ focus on the current period sales-change direction and predicted asymmetric cost behavior. BBCM extended ABJ model by considering the prior period’s sales changes on asymmetric cost behavior. Recently, Ciftci and Zoubi(2019) investigated the impacts of current sales-change size on asymmetric cost behavior extending BBCM’s two-period model. The purpose of our study is to analyze the effects of current sales-change size on asymmetric cost behavior in Korea using Ciftci and Zoubi model. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, In the case of prior sales increase, current small(medium) sales change affects more significantly to the stickiness of cost than large current sales change. In addition, in the case of prior sales decrease, current small(medium) sales change lessens the stickiness of cost more significantly than large current sales change. These results are consistent with our hypotheses. However, medium-size sales change’ coefficient is large than that of small-size sales change, so the relationship between current sales change and cost stickiness is not monotonic, and the model including dummy variables’ main effect terms is somewhat unstable, and in the case of prior sales decrease, the model doesn’t show anti-stickiness. We need more additional research to find out these anomalies are due to difference of cost behavior between Korea and U.S. or defects of the model.

Associations Between Conventional Healthy Behaviors and Social Distancing During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence From the 2020 Community Health Survey in Korea.

Many studies have shown that social distancing, as a non-pharmaceutical intervention (NPI) that is one of the various measures against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is an effective preventive measure to suppress the spread of infectious diseases. This study explored the relationships between traditional health-related behaviors in Korea and social distancing practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were obtained from the 2020 Community Health Survey conducted by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (n=98 149). The dependent variable was the degree of social distancing practice to cope with the COVID-19 epidemic. Independent variables included health-risk behaviors and health-promoting behaviors. The moderators were vaccination and unmet medical needs. Predictors affecting the practice of social distancing were identified through hierarchical multiple logistic regression analysis. Smokers (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.924) and frequent drinkers (aOR, 0.933) were more likely not to practice social distancing. A greater degree of physical activity was associated with a higher likelihood of practicing social distancing (aOR, 1.029). People who were vaccinated against influenza were more likely to practice social distancing than those who were not (aOR, 1.150). However, people with unmet medical needs were less likely to practice social distancing than those who did not experience unmet medical needs (aOR, 0.757). Social distancing practices were related to traditional health behaviors such as smoking, drinking, and physical activity. Their patterns showed a clustering effect of health inequality. Therefore, when establishing a strategy to strengthen social distancing, a strategy to protect the vulnerable should be considered concomitantly.

Mask-wearing behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic in Korea: The role of individualism in a collectivistic country

The behavior of the general public is crucial for an effective COVID-19 response. The Republic of Korea has shown better performance in this regard than many other countries worldwide. Based on the theories of individualism and collectivism, this study analyzes how Korean culture and political preferences influence the mask-wearing behavior of people in Korea. We conducted two online surveys after the first wave and in the middle of the third wave of the pandemic in Korea. The results showed only small partisan differences in the level of mask-wearing behavior in Korea. Additionally, regression analysis results demonstrate that, when demographic variables are controlled, concerns of spreading infection and horizontal individualistic tendencies of younger respondents have a significant positive relation to mask-wearing behavior. Meanwhile, horizontal collectivism had a significant positive relationship with older respondents’ mask-wearing behavior, as expected in the collectivistic culture of the Korean people. As a result, horizontal individualism has similar characteristics with horizontal collectivism in Koreans and both have a positive relation to their mask-wearing behavior.

"An Analysis on Foreign Workers’ Dangerous Work Behavior Factors in the Construction Sites"

현재 국내 건설현장의 총 근로자 수는 약 191만 4,000명이며, 이중 외국인근로자는 약 21만 2,000명으로 추산 된다. 통계상으로는 11.1%의 비율로 나타나며 10명중 1명이 외국인이며 올해 건설수급자 전망 결과, 수요는 약 143만 1,000명이나, 내국인공급 예상은 약 131만 명으로 총 12만 명의 내국인 인력이 부족할 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 현실 속에서 국내에서는 아직 외국인 작업자들의 위험작업행동에 기인한 사고에 대하여 정확한 통계 및연구가 미비한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 경기도 일대 2곳의 대형 아파트 현장의 외국인 작업자 165부의유효 설문지를 바탕으로 외국인 작업자들의 습관적 행위, 공격성, 상황회피, 심리불안 요인이 위험작업 행동과안전사고 위험지수에 미치는 영향의 관계를 가설검증을 통해 습관적 행위. 공격성, 상황회피 및 심리불안 요인은위험작업 행동에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 습관적 행위 요인은 안전사고 위험지수에도 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 공격성, 상황회피, 심리불한 요인은 안전사고 위험지수에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 위험작업 행동은 안전사고 위험지수에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타나 개인적인 성향과 연관이 있는 습관적 행위, 공격성, 상황회피 및 심리불안의 상태가 위험작업 행동으로 발전할 수 있고, 이러한 위험작업행동은 안전사고로 발전할 수 있는 결과를 알 수 있었다. 따라서 외국인 건설 작업자의 증가로 인한 안전사고의 증가 문제는 외국인 작업자 때문이기 보다는 외국인 작업자 개인의 성향에 초점을 둘 필요성이 있다고 판단되며, 각 사업장에 직접 투입된 외국인근로자의 성향분석과 그에 따른 개선방안을 도출하면 산업재해를 줄일 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. “The total number of laborers in the Korean construction sites is about 1,914,000 people. And among them, foreign laborers are estimated to be about 212,000 people. Statistically, they show the rate of 11.1%, one in 10 people is a foreigner, and the result of the construction contractor prospects of this year has found that there will be a shortage of Korean workers as the demand is 1,431,000 people. Still, the expected supply of Koreans is about 1,310,000 people. In this reality, there are few exact statistics and studies on foreign workers' accidents caused by dangerous work behaviors in Korea. Therefore, this study verified the hypothesis of an effect of foreign workers' habitual behavior, aggression, situational avoidance, and psychological anxiety factors on dangerous work behaviors and risk indices of negligent accidents based on 165 valid questionnaires of foreign workers in the two large apartment construction sites in Gyeonggi-do and the result has found that the habitual act, aggression, situational avoidance, and psychological anxiety factors have an effect on dangerous work behaviors. And it has been found that the habitual behavior factor has an effect on risk indices of negligent accidents. However, it has been found that the aggression, situational avoidance, and psychological anxiety factors do not have any significant effect on risk indices of negligent accidents. However, the result could be found that habitual acts, aggression, situational avoidance, and the psychological anxiety state related to personal tendency can develop into dangerous work behaviors as they have been found to have a significant effect on the risk indices of negligent accidents and then they can develop into negligent accidents. Therefore, it is judged that the problems of the increase in negligent accidents due to the growing number of foreign construction workers need to be focused on their personal tendency rather than themselves. And it is thought that analysis of the tendency of foreign laborers in each place.

The Link Between Hospital Competition and Hospital Behaviors in Korea: Competitive Interorganizational Relations

The Link Between Hospital Competition and Hospital Behaviors in Korea: Competitive Interorganizational Relations

Effect of Pro-Environmental Prenatal Education Program on Pregnant Women's Environmental Health Awareness and Behaviors based on the Protection Motivation Theory.

This study aimed to verify whether a pro-environmental prenatal education program has an effect on pregnant women’s environmental health awareness and behaviors in Korea. This quasi-experimental study employed a nonequivalent control group and nonsynchronized design based on the protection motivation theory as a theoretical framework. In total, 96 pregnant women had their data collected and analyzed in Korea (40 in the experimental group; and 56 in the control group). Data collection through self-reported questionnaire was conducted between September 2017 and August 2018. The program consisted of lectures and group activities aimed at educating participants on environmental awareness and behaviors. The data were analyzed using t-test, chi square test, and ANCOVA using SPSS 24.0 program. After the intervention, the experimental group showed significantly higher sensitivity (54.78 ± 9.47 and 49.75 ± 5.42; F = 15.13, P < .001), susceptibility (26.30 ± 5.18 and 24.28 ± 4.53; F = 53.94, P < .001), response efficacy (27.40 ± 3.40 and 25.18 ± 4.23; F = 39.42, P < .001), self-efficacy (22.43 ± 4.15 and 21.35 ± 4.25; F = 41.13, P < .001), individual environmental behavior (58.59 ± 12.25 and 51.93 ± 12.64; F = 172.75, P < .001), and communal environmental behavior (18.45 ± 9.68 and 13.13 ± 8.24; F = 126.26, P < .001) than the control group. The developed pro-environmental prenatal education program contained content on the environment and pregnancy, environmental toxin, effects of endocrine disruptors, airborne pollutants, water pollutant, soil pollutant, radio-electronic exposure, and pro-environmental health behaviors during pregnancy. Pregnant women who participated in the pro-environmental prenatal education program had positive changes in environmental health perceptions and behaviors. As environmental hazards continue to increase, pregnant women should receive effective motivational education on eco-environmental protection to increase their sensitivity to environmental risk factors and to encourage active environmental health behaviors.

Herding behaviour in Korea’s cryptocurrency market

ABSTRACT Herding behaviour is an interesting phenomenon that has a serious impact on the market, leading to inefficient asset prices and high volatility in periods of market turmoil. We analysed the existence of herding behaviour in the cryptocurrency market using hourly price data of eight major cryptocurrencies and the cross-sectional standard absolute deviation (CSAD) approach. Our findings showed anti-herding behaviour at shorter time intervals and herding behaviour during longer periods. The trading decisions of cryptocurrency investors mimic the behaviour of other traders over time. We further found that herding behaviour is stronger over longer time intervals in a down market. When a market is declining, it suggests that fear increases and investors are forced to act quickly in response to market movements rather than using their information. Thus, investors need to fix the situation as quickly as possible to avoid making losses, hence they need to make rational choices based on knowledge rather than emotion or fear.

An Exploration on the Prevalence of Inter-generational Co-incidence of Prosocial Behavior in Korea: Charity Begins at Home?

An Exploration on the Prevalence of Inter-generational Co-incidence of Prosocial Behavior in Korea: Charity Begins at Home?