Beck Depression Inventory Scores Research Articles

Consecutive Dual-Session Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Chronic Subjective Severe to Catastrophic Tinnitus with Normal Hearing

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is emerging as a promising non-invasive intervention for tinnitus by aiming to modulate abnormal brain activity. This study investigated the efficacy of dual-session tDCS for the relief of perception, distress, and loudness in patients with severe chronic subjective tinnitus and assessed the duration of tinnitus suppression effects compared to single-session and control groups over a 2-month follow-up. In a prospective, randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 30 participants with severe chronic subjective tinnitus underwent bifrontal tDCS. The control group (n = 9), single-session group (n = 10), and dual-session group (n = 11) received 2 mA stimulation for 20 min per session, twice a week for one month. The treatment response was monitored weekly using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), with additional assessments using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) at the fourth and eighth weeks. The single- and dual-session groups showed statistically significant improvements in VAS, THI, and BDI scores compared to the control group. THI and BDI scores showed a significant difference between the single- and dual-session groups. The dual-session group demonstrated a more sustained tinnitus suppression effect than the single-session group. tDCS has been validated as an effective intervention for the suppression of tinnitus, with the dual-session protocol showing longer-term benefits. These findings support the potential of tDCS as a treatment for tinnitus, particularly in dual-session applications.

Ramosetron as an add-on therapy for refractory fibromyalgia: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of intravenous ramosetron for pain relief in patients with fibromyalgia (FM) unresponsive to conventional treatments. . In this prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 80 FM patients were randomly allocated to receive either placebo (n = 40) or ramosetron (n = 40) at a dosage of 0.3 mg/day intravenously for five consecutive days. The primary outcome was the reduction in pain intensity at the end of the treatment period, evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Secondary outcome measures included the FM Impact Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Multi-Dimensional Health Assessment Questionnaire (MDHAQ), EQ-5D, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory on days 5 (end of treatment), 7, 10, and 28. Safety was continuously monitored throughout the study. . At the end of the treatment phase, the ramosetron group demonstrated a significantly greater reduction in VAS pain scores compared with the placebo group (1.18 ± 1.60 vs 0.54 ± 1.59, p< 0.05). Additionally, the ramosetron group exhibited significant improvements in BDI (4.42 ± 5.18 vs 1.33 ± 4.87, p< 0.05) and MDHAQ pain scale (0.37 ± 0.74 vs 0.04 ± 0.52, p< 0.05) scores. However, these improvements in pain VAS and BDI scores were not sustained through day 28. The safety profile of ramosetron was favorable, with gastrointestinal symptoms, particularly constipation, being the most commonly reported adverse events. . Intravenous administration of ramosetron provided safe and effective short-term relief of pain intensity in FM patients with inadequate response to standard treatments.

Optimizing the Health of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Islamic Approaches and Volunteers

Depression, which is prevalent in patients with diabetes mellitus, can be addressed by integrating Islamic mindfulness practices and family volunteer support. This study assessed the impact of combining Islamic mindfulness practice (IMP) with family volunteer support on depressive symptoms and knowledge in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 120 Muslim patients diagnosed with T2DM and having a Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) score &gt;17 participated. The intervention group engaged in facilitated group discussions led by family volunteers, focusing on Islamic mindfulness techniques and diabetes education. The results underscored the importance of family volunteer support combined with Islamic awareness for T2DM patients with depression, showing reduced depressive symptoms as measured by the BDI after the intervention. In addition, the intervention group showed improved knowledge of the chronic condition based on Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire (DKQ) data compared to the control group. In conclusion, integrating Islamic awareness and family volunteer support in caring for T2DM patients with depression can reduce depressive symptoms and improve T2DM knowledge.

Factors associated with psychological distress during genetic counseling in high-risk women with breast cancer in Turkey.

This study aims to shed light on the rather neglected area of research of psychological distress in women facing genetic counselling in Turkey, where few institutions providing such counselling exist. 105 breast cancer patients presenting for genetic testing completed a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire as well as validated structured questionnaires including the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S/T) and the Health Motivation Sub-dimension of Champion's Health Belief Model Scale. 69.5% of the participants had lost a family member from cancer; 80% said the term "cancer" elicited negative thoughts (e.g., death, fear, and incurable disease). 62.9% and 37.1% attributed cancer to stress or sorrow, and genetic susceptibility, respectively. There was a negative association between health motivation and BDI scores (r:-0.433, p < 0.001). Married individuals had higher BDI and STAI-S scores (p = 0.001, p = 0.01 respectively), as well as lower STAI-T scores (p = 0.006). BDI, STAI-S and STAI-T scores were higher in those refusing genetic testing (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.003 respectively) and those with metastases (p = 0.03, p = 0.01, p = 0.03 respectively). Furthermore, individuals with low health motivation were more likely to exhibit high BDI scores (p < 0.001) and low STAI-T scores (p = 0.02). Common perceptions and beliefs about cancer and genetic testing during genetic counselling were found to have a negative impact on distress in high-risk women with breast cancer. The negative relationship between psychological distress and health motivation may reduce patients' compliance with genetic counselling recommendations. A comprehensive psychological evaluation should be considered as an important part of genetic counselling.

Quality of life and sleep, depression, family functioning, and marital adjustment in patients on hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.

End-stage renal disease is different from other chronic diseases that the treatment method is as difficult. Our aim in this study was to compare marital adjustment, sexual functions and family functioning between hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patient. A total of 21 HD and 27 PD patients were included. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Short Form-36 (SF-36), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Arizona Sexual Experiences Scale (ASEX), Golombok-Rust Inventory for Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS), Marital Adjustment Test (MAT) and Family Assessment Device (FAD) were applied. BDI scores were significantly higher in HD patients (p < 0.001). According to FAD problem solving (p < 0.001), communication (p = 0.00) and general functioning scores (p = 0.04) were higher in PD. The rate of poor sleep quality was 44.4% in the PD group, and 66.7% in HD group (p = 0.12). General health (p = 0.04), vitality (p < 0.001), mental health (p = 0.00) and social functioning (p = 0.00) scores were lower in HD patients. HD patients are at high risk for psychiatric disorders due to the treatment modality. These patients should be monitored carefully and consultation-liaison services should be increased.

Moderator role of Type D personality traits between depressive symptoms and job satisfaction among teachers.

Type D personality is characterized by negative affect (NA) and social suppression (SI). It has been indicated Type D personality is associated with depression, anxiety, and burnout. Depressive complaints and social inhibition negatively affect job satisfaction. The aim of this study is to investigate the moderating role of Type D personality structure between the severity of depressive complaints and job satisfaction in teachers. 939 teachers, who constitute the sample of the study, completed the sociodemographic form, Type D personality scale (DS-14), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Minnesota Satisfaction Scale Short Form with an online survey. While a negative relationship was found between teachers' NA scores and their intrinsic and extrinsic job satisfaction (r = -0.28 and r = -0.19, respectively), a negative relationship was detected between SI scores and intrinsic and extrinsic job satisfaction (r = -0.22 and r = -0.21, respectively). NA and SI had partial moderating roles in the relationship between BDI score and intrinsic job satisfaction. SI played a partial moderating role in the relationship between BDI and extrinsic job satisfaction. It can be said Type D personality traits has a moderating role between the severity of teachers' depressive complaints and job satisfaction.

Effects of three-duration Tai-Chi exercises on depression and sleep quality in older women.

This study aims to explore the effects of 24weeks of three-duration Tai-Chi (TC) practice on depression and sleep quality in older women. A total of 124 older women were randomly divided into four groups: short-time group (SG, n = 31, mean age: 65.3), medium-time group (MG, n = 30, mean age: 65.7), long-time group (LG, n = 32, mean age: 64.9) and control group (CG, n = 31, mean age: 66.2). The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were measured. 1) Within-group comparisons: Compared with the baseline, the 12th and 24th weeks showed reductions in TNF-α and IL-6 levels and increase in 5-HT level in the SG, MG and LG (p < 0.05). The LG at the 24th week had reduced BDI and PSQI scores (p < 0.05). Compared with the 12th week, the 24th week showed reductions in TNF-α and IL-6 levels (p < 0.01) and increase in 5-HT level (p < 0.05) in the SG, MG, and LG. 2) Between-group comparisons: The SG, MG, and LG had lower TNF-α and IL-6 levels and higher 5-HT level than the CG at 12th and 24th weeks (p < 0.05). At the 24th week, the LG had lower BDI and PSQI scores than the CG and lower TNF-α level than the SG and MG (p < 0.05). The MG had lower TNF-α levels than the SG in the 24th week (p < 0.01). These results indicate that older individuals may undertake at least 12weeks of TC exercise with a duration of 60min per session to significantly improve depressive mood and sleep quality.

The impact of WeChat online education and care on the mental distress of caregivers and satisfaction of elderly postoperative colorectal cancer patients

ObjectiveWeChat-based nursing interventions alleviate mental distress. This study intended to investigate the effect of WeChat online education and care (WOEC) on the mental health of caregivers and the satisfaction of elderly postoperative colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. MethodsIn total, 92 elderly postoperative CRC patients and 92 caregivers were randomly separated into the WOEC group (46 patients and 46 caregivers) and the control care group (46 patients and 46 caregivers). Caregivers received corresponding intervention for 8 weeks. Beck depression inventory (BDI) and beck anxiety inventory (BAI) of caregivers, and self-report satisfaction (SRS) of patients were assessed. ResultsIn caregivers, BDI scores at 8 weeks after enrollment (W8) (P=0.024) and BAI score at W8 (P=0.009), depression severity at W8 (P=0.036), as well as anxiety severity at 4 weeks after enrollment (W4) (P=0.028) and W8 (P=0.047) were declined in the WOEC group versus the control care group. Regarding patients, SRS scores at W4 (P=0.044) and W8 (P=0.025), the satisfaction degree at W4 (P=0.033) and W8 (P=0.034), as well as the satisfied and very satisfied rates at W4 (P=0.031) and W8 (P=0.029) were elevated in the WOEC group versus the control care group. By subgroup analyses, WOEC exhibited favorable effects on reducing mental stress in caregivers of patients with eastern cooperative oncology group performance status at enrollment <3, and in caregivers with an education level of high school & university and above. ConclusionWOEC effectively relieves mental stress in caregivers of elderly postoperative CRC patients, and also elevates satisfaction in these patients.

The relationship between sleep quality and depressive symptoms among young adults of India

The study aimed to understand the relationship between Sleep Quality and Depressive symptoms Among Young Adults of India. The data was collected from 310 participants aged between 18 to 27 years through convenience sampling. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), while depressive symptoms were measured using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The analysis revealed a significant positive correlation (r = 0.661, p &lt; 0.001) between PSQI and BDI scores, indicating a meaningful relationship between sleep quality and depressive symptoms. Individuals with poorer sleep quality tended to report higher levels of depressive symptoms, and vice versa. This finding underscores the bidirectional association between sleep disturbances and depression.

Anxiety and depression in metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease: relation with socio-demographic features and liver disease severity.

We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety and depression traits in Italian patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), and the possible relation with the severity of liver disease. Demographic, anthropometric, clinical and laboratory parameters were collected in patients referred to a metabolic unit for a comprehensive evaluation of possible liver disease. Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis were evaluated by surrogate biomarkers. Imaging (controlled attenuation parameter-CAP and vibration-controlled transient elastography-VCTE). Beck depression inventory (BDI) and state-trait anxiety inventory-Y (STAI-Y) were used to define depressive/anxiety states; calorie intake and lifestyle were self-assessed by questionnaires. The whole sample comprised 286 patients (61.9% females; mean age 52.0 years; BMI, 34.6kg/m2); 223 fulfilled MASLD criteria. BDI and trait anxiety scores were lower in the MASLD cohort, and the prevalence of both moderate/severe depression and severe trait anxiety was reduced compared with non-MASLD cases, despite VCTE-diagnosed fibrosis F3-F4 present in over 15% of cases. However, after correction for demographic and anthropometric confounders, MASLD was not associated with a lower risk of moderate/severe depression or severe anxiety trait (odds ratio, 0.34; 95% confidence interval, 0.12-1.01 and 0.79, 0.27-2.34). Additional adjustment for the severity of fibrosis did not change the results. No differences in state anxiety were observed. The risk of anxiety and depression in MASLD is not different from that generated by diabetes and obesity per se. MASLD patients do not perceive liver disease as a specific source of psychological distress, possibly as a consequence of the unawareness of progressive liver disease.

Identification of gene networks jointly associated with depressive symptoms and cardiovascular health metrics using whole blood transcriptome in the Young Finns Study.

Studies have shown that cardiovascular health (CVH) is related to depression. We aimed to identify gene networks jointly associated with depressive symptoms and cardiovascular health metrics using the whole blood transcriptome. We analyzed human blood transcriptomic data to identify gene co-expression networks, termed gene modules, shared by Beck's depression inventory (BDI-II) scores and cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics as markers of depression and cardiovascular health, respectively. The BDI-II scores were derived from Beck's Depression Inventory, a 21-item self-report inventory that measures the characteristics and symptoms of depression. CVH metrics were defined according to the American Heart Association criteria using seven indices: smoking, diet, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, total cholesterol, and fasting glucose. Joint association of the modules, identified with weighted co-expression analysis, as well as the member genes of the modules with the markers of depression and CVH were tested with multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). We identified a gene module with 256 genes that were significantly correlated with both the BDI-II score and CVH metrics. Based on the MANOVA test results adjusted for age and sex, the module was associated with both depression and CVH markers. The three most significant member genes in the module were YOD1, RBX1, and LEPR. Genes in the module were enriched with biological pathways involved in brain diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's. The identified gene module and its members can provide new joint biomarkers for depression and CVH.

Do the management and functional outcomes of the surgically treated spinal fractures change in suicidal jumpers?

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of trauma etiology on the management, functional outcomes and psychiatric characteristics of suicide jumpers and patients who accidentally fall from height. 89 patients (48 accidental falls and 41 suicidal jumpers) who had undergone spinal surgery were included in the study. The patients were evaluated clinically and radiologically. Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) and McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) were performed for functional evaluation. BECK hopelessness scale (BHS), BECK depression inventory (BDI), and SF-36 scales were used for the psychiatric evaluation. All outcomes were compared between suicidal jumpers and accidental falls. The RMDQ and ODI questionnaires stated a higher disability in the suicide jump group (p = 0.001 and p = 0.029, respectively). However, the VAS and MPQ questionnaires did not differ in significance between groups (p = 0.182 and p = 0.306, respectively). The SF-36 scale showed that physical function, role emotional, vitality and mental health subdomains were worse in the suicide jump group (p = 0.001, p = 0.029, p = 0.014 and p = 0.030, respectively). BDI scores were significantly higher in the suicide jump group while no difference was observed between the groups in terms of BSH (p = 0.017 and p = 0.940, respectively). Psychiatric disorders are more common in patients in the suicidal jumpers. The presence of underlying psychiatric problems adversely affects the postoperative functional outcomes of patients with surgically treated spinal fractures. A multidisciplinary approach together with raising awareness in this way can improve the clinical outcomes after orthopedic treatment, even if there is physical disability.

Comparison of Opioid Use Disorder Patients with and without Problematic Internet Use in Terms of Impulsivity and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

This study seeks to investigate ADHD symptoms and impulsivity among individuals diagnosed with Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) who also exhibit symptoms of Problematic Internet Use (PIU). The study involved the participation of 360 Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) patients enrolled at an Alcohol and Drug Addiction Treatment Center (ADATC) during the period from October to December 2022. Various assessment tools were administered, including Young's Internet Addiction Scale (YIAS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), and Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS). Problematic Internet Use (PIU) was identified by YIAS scores equal to or exceeding 50. The majority of participants diagnosed with OUD showed comorbid PIU with high levels of depression, anxiety and ADHD symptoms. Both BDI and BAI scores showed a significant increase in the PIU group compared to the non-PIU group (p<0.001). Significant differences were observed in BIS Motor Impulsivity, Attentional Impulsivity and Total scores, indicating higher impulsivity in the PIU group (all p<0.001). Additionally, higher ASRS scores were found in the PIU group (p<0.001). These findings highlight the importance of addressing PIU and comorbidities in OUD treatment. Interventions targeting ADHD symptoms and emotional well-being may benefit PIU management.

Evaluation of isotretinoin effects on depression, sleep apnea and sleep quality

Background Isotretinoin is used to treat severe acne, treatment-resistant moderate acne, and acne that leads to scarring or psychological distress. It has many side effects and is also associated with depression, sleep apnea, and sleep disturbances. Objectives In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of isotretinoin on depression, sleep apnea, and sleep quality. Methods A total of 42 patients diagnosed with acne and started isotretinoin treatment were included in the study. In order to compare the effects of isotretinoin, patients were asked to fill out a questionnaire containing the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Berlin Questionnaire (BQ), and the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) at baseline and third months of treatment. Results There was no statistically significant difference in BDI, BQ, and PSQI scores between the 1st and 3rd months of treatment (p = .53, p = .5, p = .35). Conclusion This study showed that isotretinoin had no significant effects on depression and sleep quality.

EMDR Flash Technique in adolescents with depression: A twelve-week follow-up study.

This study aims to investigate the specific effects of the EMDR Flash Technique on adolescents with depression. This follow-up study consists of 32 adolescents, 12-17years of age (M = 14.34, SD = 1.56), including 7 males and 25 females. They were evaluated with Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children Present, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Children Revised Impact of Event Scale-8 (Crıes-8). These were administered at baseline, at the end of the 4th and 12th weeks of treatment. The EMDR Flash Technique which can be utilized in the preparation phase of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) to reduce the intensity of highly distressing memories rapidly and relatively painlessly was applied for 12weeks, one session per week as a free-standing intervention. Also, the EMDR Flash Technique can be effective in decreasing the rate of noncompliance and drop-outs of adolescents. The baseline means of total BDI scores decreased from 48.19 to 2.16 at the end of the 12th week of treatment. Also, the CRIES scores decreased from 31.78 to 0.44 at the end of the 12th week of treatment. In addition, the baseline means of SUD scores decreased from 9.53 to zero at the end of the 12th week of treatment. Overall, our results underscore the effectiveness of the EMDR-Flash Technique in adolescents with depression.

The Frequency of Depression Among Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease on Hemodialysis

Objective: To find out the frequency of depression among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on hemodialysis and to know fresh local descriptive statistics and updated analysis of depression in our local population in patients presenting with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis.&#x0D; Methodology: In this study, a total of 126 chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis presented to Nephrology department, Nephrology Department District Headquarter Teaching Hospital, Kohat were observed from December 10, 2021, to June 9, 2022. Written informed consent was taken and all patients underwent detailed interviews using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) score in a calm environment in nephrology OPD.&#x0D; Results: In this study mean patient age was 52 years with SD ± 8.214. Sixty-two percent of patients were male and rest were female. More than 53(42%) patients had depression while 73(58%) didn’t have depression. &#x0D; Conclusion: Our study concludes that the frequency of depression was 42% in chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis. Effective screening and treatment of depression in chronic kidney disease patients are crucial for improving their clinical outcomes and enhancing their overall quality of life.&#x0D; Key words: chronic kidney disease, depression, hemodialysis.

Comorbidity of depression and anxiety with obstructive sleep apnea in a sample of Egyptian patients

Abstract Background Over the past 2 decades, sleep researchers have made significant advances in understanding sleep disorders including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). OSA commonly coexists with psychiatric disorders encompassing mental health issues like depression, anxiety, bipolar, schizophrenia an others. This study aims to assess the comorbidity of OSA with depression and anxiety disorders among Egyptian patients. During the study, we conducted a cross-sectional study involving 92 adults diagnosed with OSA. Those patients were interviewed using a checklist to gather information regarding their chief complaints and other associated symptoms. The psychological status was assessed utilizing the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID I), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scoring. The severity of the breathing disorder was classified as mild, moderate, or severe based on the respiratory disturbance index (RDI), which was confirmed through overnight polysomnography. Daytime sleepiness was assessed by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Results The sample of patients as a whole shows that witnessed apneas represent the highest percentage (70.7%), followed by fatigue (69.6%), then non-refreshing sleep (67.4%), and snores (63.0%). The least frequent presenting symptom is frequent naps. The majority of OSA patients have a comorbid psychiatric disorder (65.0%). Among these, depressive disorders are the most prevalent (31.5%), followed by anxiety disorders (23.9%) and psychoses (6.5%). It is worth noting that 38% of OSA patients do not have any psychiatric disorders. In terms of anxiety disorders, the most common subtype observed is OCD (8.7%), followed by GAD (6.5%), panic (5%), and PTSD (3.3%). As regards depressive disorders, the predominant subtype present is depressive disorder not otherwise specified (11.9%), followed by dysthymic disorder and major depressive disorder (8.7% for each), and then bipolar disorder (depression) at 2.2%. Conclusions We conclude the following: 1. OSA patients are likely to present with comorbid depression and/or anxiety disorder(s). 2. Fatigue was found to be the most prevalent presenting symptom in OSA patients with comorbid anxiety compared to those without anxiety.

Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Sleep, Depression, and Quality of Life in Postmenopausal Women

Objectives: Menopause is a normal life stage that frequently brings with it emotional and physical difficulties that affect women’s Quality of life (QoL) and interfere with their ability to sleep. The objective of this study was to examine how postmenopausal women (PMWs) responded to supervised aerobic exercise training versus unsupervised Walking in terms of sleep, QoL, and depression. In addition, the impact on body composition was also assessed as a secondary outcome measure. Material and Methods: Fifty PMWs (aged 45–60) were divided into two groups at random: The control group (n = 25) performed standard unsupervised Walking, and the experimental group (n = 25) performed scheduled supervised aerobic exercise training. The Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), the 36-item short-form survey, the beck depression inventory (BDI), and the body mass index (BMI) were among the evaluations used in the 6-week, 3-day program. Results: Remarkable advancements (P &lt; 0.05) were noted in the aerobic training cohort. The experimental group increased total sleep duration by 37.9% and fell asleep 44.8% faster, resulting in a noteworthy 61.7% improvement in the PSQI score. BDI scores improved by 55.6%, and there was a 6.8% variation in BMI between the groups. Conclusion: A 6-week aerobic intervention can improve sleep quality, reduce menopausal symptoms, and enhance life quality in PMW. Furthermore, the results revealed that a regulated exercise group may offer more benefits than an unregulated one. This observation underscores the potential advantages of structured and monitored aerobic exercise program in achieving specific health and fitness goals.

Anabolic-androgenic steroids are linked to depression and anxiety in male bodybuilders: the hidden psychogenic side of anabolic androgenic steroids

Background The prevalence of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) use is on the rise among athletes and bodybuilders worldwide. In addition to the well-documented adverse effects on hepatic, renal, and reproductive functions, there is an increasing recognition of psychiatric complications associated with AAS use. This study aimed to investigate psychiatric morbidity among male bodybuilders who are AAS users. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 25 male bodybuilders using AAS (mean age 31.2 ± 8.9 years) were compared with a control group of 25 healthy male bodybuilders matched in age (31.3 ± 5.5 years). The demographic, hormonal, and biochemical parameters of the participants were recorded. The impact of AAS use on psychiatric morbidity was assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) in both groups. Results The BDI and BAI scores were significantly higher in male bodybuilders using anabolic-androgenic steroids (p < 0.0001). While the control group showed no instances of anxiety, seven individuals in the AAS user group reported mild anxiety. No participants in the control group exhibited depression, whereas seven AAS users displayed depressive symptoms (4 mild, 3 moderate). Correlations were observed between lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and BAI scores, creatinine levels and both BAI and BDI scores, as well as between estradiol levels and BDI. Conclusion The study concluded that AAS use among male bodybuilders is associated with elevated levels of depression and anxiety. Our findings suggest a potential correlation between anxiety and depression levels and the levels of creatinine, LDH, and estradiol in AAS users.

Association between non-penetrative sexual activities and depression in women with vaginismus: a cross-sectional study.

This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the association between non-penetrative sexual activities (NPSA) and depression levels in women diagnosed with vaginismus. A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted between March 2016 and June 2019, after approval by the Fırat University Faculty of Medicine ethics committee. Participants comprised married women referred to our female sexual dysfunction outpatient clinic with vaginismus. Diagnosis of vaginismus was established following comprehensive evaluations, including gynecological examination and psychiatric assessment. Sociodemographic data and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scores were collected. We compared depression levels between women who engaged in NPSA and those who did not. Of the 75 women with primary vaginismus included in the study, 18 did not engage in any NPSA and 57 engaged in at least one NPSA. The average BDI score of those who engaged in NPSA was significantly lower than those who did not. A negative correlation was found between the number of NPSA engaged in and BDI scores (r = -0.494). Women with vaginismus had high depression scores, but engaging in NPSA was associated with lower depression levels. The findings suggest that incorporating NPSA into clinical interventions may be beneficial for managing depression in women with vaginismus.