Beck Anxiety Inventory Scores Research Articles

Efficacy of Danzhixiaoyao tablets combined with methylcobalamin tablets in the treatment of burning mouth syndrome: an open-label, randomized controlled trial

ObjectivesThis randomized controlled trial compared the efficacy and tolerability of danzhixiaoyao pills in the accurate treatment of patients with burning mouth syndrome (BMS).MethodCollect a total of 78 patients (75 female patients and 3 male patients) from the oral mucosa department who were considered eligible fromOctober 2020 to October 2022.The patients were randomized and divided into trial group and control group.The trail group received danzhixiaoyao pills and mecobalamine tablets while the control group was given mecobalamine tablets.The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14), Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome integral and adverse reactions were performed at baseline and after 2, 4, and 6 weeks of treatment. Descriptive statistics, including the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and the Chi-square test for median comparisons between different times, were used.Result1.After treatment, the VAS, BDI,OHIP-14, and TCM syndrome integral in the trial group had a significant decrease than the control group(P< 0.05).However, there was no statistical difference in the BAI scores between the two groups (P> 0.05). 2.According to the efficacy determination criteria , the total effective rate of the test group was 73.68% , the control group was 52.94% and the recurrence rate was 0. There was a significant difference between the two groups (Z=-2.688, P < 0.05). The results showed that the curative effect of test group was better than that of control group.3. No adverse effects occurred in patients in either group.ConclusionDanzhixiaoyao pills has demonstrated to have a positive effect in relieving BMS symptoms and in improving a patient's overall quality of life with no AEs compared with the control group. The efficacy evaluation systems that can be verified and complementary in this study provide a perfect, effective and referential evaluation system for the use of Chinese patent medicine in the treatment of oral mucosal diseases.Trial RegistrationRegistry name: Chinese Clinical trail RegistryRegistration number: ChiCTR2000038189Date of Registration: 2020-09-13Please visit (https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=61462) to the protocol.

The impact of WeChat online education and care on the mental distress of caregivers and satisfaction of elderly postoperative colorectal cancer patients

ObjectiveWeChat-based nursing interventions alleviate mental distress. This study intended to investigate the effect of WeChat online education and care (WOEC) on the mental health of caregivers and the satisfaction of elderly postoperative colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. MethodsIn total, 92 elderly postoperative CRC patients and 92 caregivers were randomly separated into the WOEC group (46 patients and 46 caregivers) and the control care group (46 patients and 46 caregivers). Caregivers received corresponding intervention for 8 weeks. Beck depression inventory (BDI) and beck anxiety inventory (BAI) of caregivers, and self-report satisfaction (SRS) of patients were assessed. ResultsIn caregivers, BDI scores at 8 weeks after enrollment (W8) (P=0.024) and BAI score at W8 (P=0.009), depression severity at W8 (P=0.036), as well as anxiety severity at 4 weeks after enrollment (W4) (P=0.028) and W8 (P=0.047) were declined in the WOEC group versus the control care group. Regarding patients, SRS scores at W4 (P=0.044) and W8 (P=0.025), the satisfaction degree at W4 (P=0.033) and W8 (P=0.034), as well as the satisfied and very satisfied rates at W4 (P=0.031) and W8 (P=0.029) were elevated in the WOEC group versus the control care group. By subgroup analyses, WOEC exhibited favorable effects on reducing mental stress in caregivers of patients with eastern cooperative oncology group performance status at enrollment <3, and in caregivers with an education level of high school & university and above. ConclusionWOEC effectively relieves mental stress in caregivers of elderly postoperative CRC patients, and also elevates satisfaction in these patients.

The Relationship Between Post-Earthquake Anxiety Status with Sleep Problems, Low Back and Neck Pain in Victims of the Kahramanmaraş-Centred Earthquakes

Background: This study aims to examine the relationship between the post-earthquake anxiety status of victims of the Kahramanmaraş-centered earthquake and sleep problems, low back and neck pain. Materials and Methods: Individuals with a mean age of 27.9±9.1 years who experienced the Kahramanmaraş-centered earthquake were included in the study. The individuals included in the study was evaluated with the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), the Neck Disability Index (NDI), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results: Of the participants, 67% were determined to have mild, moderate, and severe anxiety, and all of them had poor sleep quality (6.9±3.8). While the mean PSQI score of 57% of the participants sheltered in their own homes was 5 and above, this rate was 75% for those sheltered outside their homes. Of the individuals sheltered in their own homes, 27% and 37% of those sheltered outside their own homes had the ODI score percentages above 20%. A statistically moderate correlation was determined between the BAI score and the ODI score, the NDI score, and the PSQI score (r=0.511, r=0.604, r=0.539, respectively). Conclusions: Post-earthquake anxiety was revealed to be associated with sleep problems and low back and neck pain. Considering the relationship between the presence of anxiety, sleep problems, low back and neck pain in the support approaches to be adopted toward earthquake victims, approaches involving these parameters should be planned.

Comparison of Cognitive Reserve, Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Aim: Few studies have comprehensively examined the cognitive reserve in patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The purpose of this study was to compare cognitive reserve, depression, and anxiety in patients with DM.. Material and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with a total of 80 participants (40 with DM and 40 with healthy controls). Patients with DM diagnosed at a hospital's internal medicine outpatient clinic were included. Patients’ cognitive reserve was evaluated with Cognitive Reserve Index Questionnaire (CRI). Depression and anxiety of the individuals were assessed with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), respectively. The difference between the groups was analyzed by independent sample t-test. In addition, Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between the parameters. Results: Individuals with DM had significantly lower CRI-total (p=0.009) and CRI-education (p=0.011) scores. In addition, BDI (p=0.001) and BAI (p=0.019) scores were higher in individuals with DM. Correlational analyses showed a statistically significant weak negative correlation between BDI and CRI-total (r=-0.373, p=0.001), CRI-education (r=-0.294, p=0.008) and CRI-work (r=-0.386, p=0.001) scores in individuals with DM. Conclusion: The results of the present study revealed a lower cognitive reserve (particularly education-related component) in patients with DM. Besides, depression and anxiety were higher in individuals with DM than in healthy controls. In participants with DM, depression was associated with cognitive reserve (except leisure time).

Effects of myofascial trigger point injection on the disease activity in patients with comorbidity of fibromyalgia and cervical myofascial pain syndrome

Aims: To investigate the effect of myofascial trigger point injection on the disease activity of FS in patients with myofascial trigger points in the coexistence of fibromyalgia syndrome (FS) and chronic cervical myofascial pain syndrome (MAS). Methods: 30 consenting patients between the ages of 18-60 who has had FS for at least for 3 months and also MPS in trapezius, levator skapula, splenius capitis, and multifidus muscles in cervical region and 15 patients with FS but without MPS were included in the present study. Patients newly diagnosed with FS, were evaluted for the presence of MPS and FS, disease activity was evaluated before administering treatment and after administration of trigger point injection tretament for cervical MPS. In the group with only FS, cervical region tender point injection was carried out. Patients were evaluated before injection and one month after injection. Severity of pain was evaluated with VAS (visual analog scale), pressure pain threshold was measured with algometer, total myalgic score (TMS) , fibromiyalgia impact questionnaire (FIQ), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) , Beck depression inventory (BDI), Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), fatique severity scale (FSS) results were evaluated prior to and after treatment. Results: When patients were evaluted at 1st month after myofacial trigger point and cervical tender point injections statistically significant decrease was found in VAS, TMS, PSQI, FIQ, FSS, BAI and BAI scores and the number of trigger points in both FS and FS+MAS groups. (for all parameters p&lt;;0,005). However, this decrease was more evident in FS+MPS group. Conclusion: In conclusion, in the concomitance of MPS and FS, which is one of the most common causes of widespread musculoskletal pain, the treatment of MPS with trigger point injection has been shown to exert positive effects on the severity of FS, affective disorders, sleep and fatique. In the treatment of FS, thetreatment of MPS, which is one of the periheral pain generators, should be given priority.

Is Reiki effective in reducing heart rhythm, cortisol and anxiety and improving biochemical parameters in individuals with cardiac disesase? Randomized placebo-controlled trial.

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Reiki in patients with cardiac disease. This study was a single-blind, pre-post-test, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Patients from the cardiology outpatient clinic of a training and research hospital were randomized into three groups: Reiki (n = 22), sham (placebo) (n = 21), and control (no treatment) (n = 22). Data were collected using a personal information form, biochemical parameters, cortisol levels, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and electrocardiography analysis. The Reiki group received Reiki to nine main points for 30 min, while the sham Reiki group received the same points during the same period without starting energy flow. On day two, performed Distance Reiki for 30 minutes. After one week, the researchers administered the Beck Anxiety Inventory, assessed the biochemical parameters and cortisol levels, and analyzed the electrocardiography again. Of the patients, 52.3% were male and 47.7% were female, and the mean age (years) is 60.45 ± 9.67 years. The control group had a significantly higher posttest cortisol level than the other groups (p = 0.002). According to the post-hoc analysis, there was a significant difference between the Reiki versus control groups and sham versus control groups (p = 0.002). The control group had a significantly higher post-test cortisol level than the pre-test cortisol level (p = 0.008). Reiki group had a significantly lower mean posttest Beck Anxiety Inventory score than the other groups (p < 0.001). There was no difference between the electrocardiography results of the groups (p > 0.05). Reiki reduces blood cortisol levels and anxiety levels in patient with cardiac diseases.

Comparison of Opioid Use Disorder Patients with and without Problematic Internet Use in Terms of Impulsivity and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

This study seeks to investigate ADHD symptoms and impulsivity among individuals diagnosed with Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) who also exhibit symptoms of Problematic Internet Use (PIU). The study involved the participation of 360 Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) patients enrolled at an Alcohol and Drug Addiction Treatment Center (ADATC) during the period from October to December 2022. Various assessment tools were administered, including Young's Internet Addiction Scale (YIAS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), and Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS). Problematic Internet Use (PIU) was identified by YIAS scores equal to or exceeding 50. The majority of participants diagnosed with OUD showed comorbid PIU with high levels of depression, anxiety and ADHD symptoms. Both BDI and BAI scores showed a significant increase in the PIU group compared to the non-PIU group (p<0.001). Significant differences were observed in BIS Motor Impulsivity, Attentional Impulsivity and Total scores, indicating higher impulsivity in the PIU group (all p<0.001). Additionally, higher ASRS scores were found in the PIU group (p<0.001). These findings highlight the importance of addressing PIU and comorbidities in OUD treatment. Interventions targeting ADHD symptoms and emotional well-being may benefit PIU management.

Investigation of factors that may potentially affect anxiety in patients undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy and evaluation of sedation effect.

As with any other invasive procedure, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) may lead to considerable anxiety in patients. This study aimed to investigate and compare the effects of sedated and non-sedated procedures on anxiety in patients undergoing EGD and to better recognize patient groups at risk for anxiety. In this prospective and 2-armed designed study, demographic data, including age, gender, comorbidities, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and educational background, were collected. In this study, the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was administered to each patient before they were brought to the endoscopy unit. Subsequently, each patient who underwent EGD was telephoned on the seventh day after the procedure and the BAI was administered a second time. Women population had higher pre-EGD and post-EGD BAI scores compared to men. No significant correlation was observed between educational background and BAI scores. Possible correlations between age, BMI, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), and BAI scores were examined. There was a weak correlation between BMI and pre-EGD and post-EGD BAI scores. A strong and positive correlation was observed between the pre-EGD BAI score and post-EGD BAI and difference in BAI scores between groups (ΔBAI). Endoscopic procedures may cause anxiety in patients as with all other invasive procedures. Patients' compliance with the procedure and having a lower level of anxiety are very significant for diagnostic and, if necessary, therapeutic success. In this study, the patient gender was evaluated as a predictor of anxiety level, whereas educational background was not a predictor.

Anabolic-androgenic steroids are linked to depression and anxiety in male bodybuilders: the hidden psychogenic side of anabolic androgenic steroids

Background The prevalence of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) use is on the rise among athletes and bodybuilders worldwide. In addition to the well-documented adverse effects on hepatic, renal, and reproductive functions, there is an increasing recognition of psychiatric complications associated with AAS use. This study aimed to investigate psychiatric morbidity among male bodybuilders who are AAS users. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 25 male bodybuilders using AAS (mean age 31.2 ± 8.9 years) were compared with a control group of 25 healthy male bodybuilders matched in age (31.3 ± 5.5 years). The demographic, hormonal, and biochemical parameters of the participants were recorded. The impact of AAS use on psychiatric morbidity was assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) in both groups. Results The BDI and BAI scores were significantly higher in male bodybuilders using anabolic-androgenic steroids (p < 0.0001). While the control group showed no instances of anxiety, seven individuals in the AAS user group reported mild anxiety. No participants in the control group exhibited depression, whereas seven AAS users displayed depressive symptoms (4 mild, 3 moderate). Correlations were observed between lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and BAI scores, creatinine levels and both BAI and BDI scores, as well as between estradiol levels and BDI. Conclusion The study concluded that AAS use among male bodybuilders is associated with elevated levels of depression and anxiety. Our findings suggest a potential correlation between anxiety and depression levels and the levels of creatinine, LDH, and estradiol in AAS users.

Morphology, Not Only Volume: A Study on Empty Nose Syndrome and Inferior Turbinates.

Empty nose syndrome (ENS) is an underdiagnosed but burdensome clinical condition. Studies that have addressed the impact of remnant inferior turbinate volume (ITV) on ENS are scarce. We aimed to evaluate the impact of ITV and phenotyping on the severity and presentation of ENS. All the enrolled patients underwent the following subjective assessments: the ENS 6-Item Questionnaire (ENS6Q), Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-25 (SNOT-25), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The ITV was obtained from finely cut (1-mm-thick slices) sino-nasal computed tomography scan images and analyzed using ImageJ. The correlation between ITV, subjective measurements, and morphology of inferior turbinates was evaluated. ENS was categorized as torpedo type (balanced tissue volume) or pistol type (posterior dominance) based on the morphology. Overall, 54 patients met the inclusion criteria. The ITV was positively correlated with the ENS6Q score and domain of ENS symptoms in SNOT-25. Neither BDI-II nor BAI scores had a significant correlation with ITV. Based on their morphological classification, the torpedo type exhibited diverse manifestations in the SNOT-25 analysis in response to changes in ITV, while the pistol type demonstrated an elevated rhinologic symptom burden and ENS-specific symptoms as their ITV increased. Nasal resistance did not correlate with the ITV in either type of ENS. Symptoms were paradoxically worse in ENS patients with greater remnant ITV, and distinct morphological phenotypes in the nasal cavities may result in different presentations. Further investigation into the correlation between remnant inferior turbinates and nerve function is warranted. 3 Laryngoscope, 2024.

Clubfoot Deformitesine İlişkin Ebeveyn Kaygısı ve Depresyonunun Değerlendirilmesi

Evaluation of Parental Anxiety and Depression Related to Clubfoot Deformity: Parental concern about their child’s deformity&#x0D; &#x0D; Objective: Having a child being diagnosed with clubfoot and the anxiety about not being able to walk may cause different effects on the mother and father. The aim of the present study is to determine the anxiety and depression levels in parents of children with clubfoot before and after the child started walking and detect differences between mothers and fathers in terms of anxiety and depression.&#x0D; Material and Methods: Parents of the children were administered the sociodemographic form, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) before the first consultation (pre-consultation) and after the child starts walking (post-consultation).&#x0D; Findings: Mothers’ BAI and BDI scores (13.05±10.14, 11.26±8.75 respectively) were significantly higher than fathers (7.93±8.02, 7.32±6.45) in pre-consultation (p&amp;lt;0.01, p=0.01). At post- consultation, there was no significant difference between mothers and fathers for both BAI and BDI. Mothers’ BAI and BDI scores were significantly lower post-consultation (6.73±6.18, 6.73±4.39 respectively) than pre-consultation (13.05±10.14, 11.26±8.75) (p&amp;lt;0.01, p=0.01). Fathers’ anxiety and depression levels did not change post-consultation. There was a positive strong correlation between prenatal timing of diagnosis and post-consultation BAI scores of mothers (0.62, p=0.02).&#x0D; Conclusions: Mothers may be more prone to anxiety and depression than fathers about clubfoot diagnosis. After the child starts walking, levels of anxiety and depression decrease in mothers of children with clubfoot. The anxiety of the mother increases as with the delay of learning that there is a suspicion of clubfoot in prenatal terms.&#x0D; Keywords: congenital clubfoot, parental anxiety, depression.

Anxiety, depression, sleep disorders and quality of life in parents of children with first unprovoked seizure and epilepsy.

Parents of a child with neurological problems such as seizures and epilepsy experience significant mental distress. Little is known about the mental state of parents in such a stressful situation. This study aims to determine the prevalence of self-reported depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, and quality of life in parents of children with epilepsy and first unprovoked seizure. This cross-sectional study was conducted among the parents of children diagnosed with first unprovoked seizure and epilepsy admitted to the Pediatric Neurology Department, Outpatient Unit of İnönü University Medical Faculty Hospital. Participants filled out a questionnaire investigating demographic variables, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and 36- Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). 113 parents participated in the study. Depression was found in 7%, anxiety in 14%, and sleep quality disorder in 33.3% of parents of children diagnosed with epilepsy on the basis of moderate or higher severity, while depression was found in 8.9%, anxiety in 14.3%, and sleep disorder in 21.4% of parents of children diagnosed with first unprovoked seizure. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Mothers were at higher risk for loss of physical function and social functionality. There was a positive correlation between BAI, BDI, and PSQI scores. Quality of life sub-dimension measured by SF-36 was associated with different levels of depression, anxiety, and sleep quality. Addressing parental psychiatric problems by professionals involved in the treatment of children with a history of seizures may have the potential to provide further support for the family and the care of patients.

Thiol-Disulfide Balance in Fibromyalgia: A Case-Control Study

Aim. We aimed to examine the thiol-disulfide (SS) balance, a recognized marker of oxidative stress, in fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS).&#x0D; Methods. The study comprised 98 female participants (61 newly diagnosed patients and 37 patients under treatment) with FMS, along with 82 apparently healthy female volunteers. In both groups, assessments were conducted using the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Short Form-36 (SF-36), Tender Point Count, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Native thiol (NT) and total thiol (TT) levels were measured, SS levels and SS/NT ratio were calculated.&#x0D; Results. FMS patients demonstrated significantly lower NT levels, higher SS levels, and an elevated SS/NT ratio compared to the control group (p&lt; 0.05 for all groups). In FMS patients, a statistically significant correlation was found between SS level and the SS/NT ratio, as well as the number of tender points (r=-0.24, p=0.02; r=-0.21, p=0.04), SF-36 pain subscales (r=0.22, p=0.032; r=0.21, p=0.04), and BAI scores (r=-0.22, p=0.01; r=-0.23 p=0.03). In the subgroup analysis, all health assessment scales were observed to exhibit statistically significant differences between the under-treatment group and newly-diagnosed group when compared to the control group (p&lt; 0.05 for all groups). The FIQ, VAS, FSS, and BAI scores were found to be significantly lower in the under-treatment group as compared to the newly-diagnosed group (p&lt; 0.05 for all groups). In the newly-diagnosed group, NT was significantly lower and the SS/NT ratio was significantly higher than those in the control group (p&lt; 0.05). In the under-treatment group, SS levels and SS/NT ratio were significantly higher as compared to the control group (p&lt; 0.05). In the multivariate regression analysis, which incorporated age, health assessment scales, patient subgroups, tender points, and duration of symptoms to predict the SS/NT ratio, variabes such as being in the under-treatment group, tender points, and BAI score were identified as significant predictors (p&lt; 0.05).&#x0D; Conclusions. The thiol-SS balance was observed to shift in the oxidative direction, and oxidative stress was higher in the FMS group. The absence of a significant difference between the under-treatment group and the newly-diagnosed group in terms of thiol-SS balance parameters suggests a shift to oxidative stress in patients, independent of the treatment status.

Elevated Depression, Anxiety and Hopelesness Among Pregnant Individuals with Ovarian Cyst

Background/Purpose:&#x0D; Anxiety and depression in pregnancy commonly presents between 10 and 25% of pregnant individuals. Increased symptoms of depression and anxiety are coupled with elevated risk of preterm birth, postpartum depression, and behavioral difficulties in children. Detection of ovarian cyst is a potential stressor factor for pregnant individuals. Our objective was to investigate the levels of anxiety, depression and hopelessness in pregnant individuals with ovarian cyst.&#x0D; Methods:&#x0D; In this comparative and descriptive study, a total of 184 pregnant women were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 encompasses pregnant women with ovarian cyst (n=86), and Group 2 includes healthy pregnant women as control (n=88). Data were collected using Demographic Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS) and Pregnancy Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised 2 (PRAQ-R2).&#x0D; Results: We found substantially elevated BDI, BAI, BHS AND PRAQ-R2 scores in Group 1 according to Group 2 [(15.16±12.6, 6.45±5.6), (16.44±14.5, 7.61±5.2), (9.44±8.3, 4.10±5.2), (30.99±9.66, 27.2±4.90), respectively] (p&gt;0.05). However, there wasn’t significant difference between groups in demographic characteristics (p&gt;0.05).&#x0D; Conclusion: Anxiety, depression and hopelessness are observed more among pregnant women with ovarian cyst. Nevertheless, approximately 70 percent of all ovarian cysts spontaneously resolve during pregnancy and more than 90 percent of them are benign. Hence, the patient should be informed appropriately by obstetricians before referring them to tertiary centers, and this approach may mitigate their anxiety, depression and hopelessness.

Does anxiety, depression, and sleep levels affect the quality of life in patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis?

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease characterized by relapses and remissions, causing physical disability and affecting individuals psychosocially. In this study, we aimed to assess anxiety and depression levels, sleep, and quality of life in MS patients. The study included 66 participants, 30 healthy controls, and 36 patients diagnosed with MS. All participants were administered the Sociodemographic and Clinical Data Form, Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life Instrument (MSQOL-54), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). The PSQI, EDSS, BDI, and BAI scores of MS patients were found to be significantly higher, while the MSQOL-54 score was considerably lower than the healthy control group (p<0.001). In the patient group, there was a positive correlation between PSQI score and BDI (r=0.599, p<0.001) and BAI (r=0.633, p<0.001), while there was a negative correlation between PSQI and MSQOL-54 (r=0.705, p<0.001) and the duration of MS diagnosis (r=-0.364, p=0.029). A positive correlation was found between the EDSS score and BDI (r=0.401, p=0.015) and the number of hospitalizations (r=0.566, p<0.001). There was a significant negative correlation observed between MSQOL-54 and BDI (r=-0.807, p<0.001) as well as BAI (r=-0.834, p<0.001). There is a significant positive relationship between BDI and BAI (r=0.828, p<0.001). Our research revealed that individuals diagnosed with multiple sclerosis exhibit elevated levels of anxiety and depression symptoms when compared to a healthy control group. Additionally, they tend to experience lower sleep quality and overall quality of life. The provision of necessary psychiatric interventions to these patients following their diagnosis can enable them to accept the disease and actively participate in treatment, thereby positively impacting their quality of life.

Anxiety and mood in patients receiving intravitreal injection.

The goal of this study was to examine how anxious patients were before and after receiving intravitreal injections, which are commonly used in the treatment of ophthalmologic illnesses. The study was performed by administering a questionnaire containing sociodemographic information as well as two scales (Beck Anxiety and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) to patients undergoing intravitreal injection in the ophthalmology department. The two scales were given to patients before and after the intravitreal injection. The patients who completed part of the study were 45% male and 55% female. There was a significant difference (p<0.001) between the median values of STAI Trait anxiety inventory scores prior to intravitreal injection and STAI Trait anxiety inventory scores after intravitreal injection. The median values of STAI State anxiety inventory scores before intravitreal injection and after intravitreal injection differed (p<0.001). There was a difference (p<0.001) between the median values of Beck anxiety inventory scores before intravitreal injection and after intravitreal injection. Patients who will have intravitreal injections may experience a high rate of anxiety before the treatment due to the invasive nature of the technique. As a result, intravitreal injection patients will benefit from psychological assistance and anxiety-reduction approaches.

Communication is The Key: Does Strategic Perioperative Counseling Decrease Anxiety in Parents of The Pediatric Patient Undergoing Surgery?

Introduction: Anxiety is very common during the perioperative period. Anxiety among the parents of pediatric patients undergoing surgery is also encountered frequently despite the preoperative counseling which is a common standard of practice. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of strategic perioperative counseling to relieve the anxiety among the parents of pediatric patient posted for surgery.&#x0D; Objectives: To measure the impact of the implemented communication strategies on anxiety levels experienced by parents.&#x0D; Methodology: This is a randomized observational cross-sectional study. After the approval of IRC, A total of 100 samples was chosen. The samples were randomly divided into two groups, control group (group1) and intervention group (group 2). The control group were counselled as per standard practice at preoperative time. The intervention group were counseled at 3 points namely preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative). The beck anxiety inventory score (Nepali version) will be handed to the family members of the patient undergoing pediatric surgery to be filled post operatively.&#x0D; Results: The intervention group where the family members received strategic counselling had lower anxiety scores than the group which received only standard counselling (preoperative). The education level of the sample was also correlated. The data suggests that higher education level had lower anxiety score than the ones who had lower education level.&#x0D; Conclusion: We conclude that strategic perioperative counseling decreases the anxiety among the parents of pediatric patient undergoing surgery.

Adverse childhood experiences, cognitive functioning, depression, and anxiety in adulthood.

Evidence suggests that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) predict cognitive dysfunction, possibly through direct (e.g., brain structure/function changes) and indirect (e.g., increased psychopathology risk) pathways. However, extant studies have focused on young and older adults, with limited understanding of how ACEs affect cognitive health in midadulthood. This study compared psychiatric and cognitive differences between adults at high- and low-risk of adverse health outcomes based on the ACE risk classification scheme. Adult patients (N = 211; 46.9% female; Mage = 44.1, SD = 17.1; Meducation = 13.8, SD = 3.0) consecutively referred for outpatient neuropsychological evaluation within a large, Midwestern academic medical center. Patients were divided into high and low ACE groups based on the number of ACEs endorsed. Subsequently, a series of one-way analyses of variances were conducted to compare high versus low ACE groups on the Test of Premorbid Functioning, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition Digit Span Test, Trail Making Test-Parts A and B, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Beck Depression Inventory-II, and Beck Anxiety Inventory scores. Significant group differences were detected for anxiety and depression with the high ACE group endorsing significantly greater depression and anxiety symptoms relative to the low ACE group. High and low ACE groups did not significantly differ on any cognitive measures. Results indicate that an individual's psychological health, but not cognitive functioning, is impacted by the level of ACE exposure. Study findings highlight the importance of including ACE measures in neuropsychological evaluations, as it will aid in case conceptualization and tailoring treatment recommendations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

The effects of swLORETA Z-score neurofeedback for patients comorbid with major depressive disorder and anxiety symptoms

BackgroundPatients with major depressive disorder (MDD) exhibit atypical brain activities in the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes. The study aimed to investigate the effects of standardized weighted low-resolution electromagnetic tomography Z-score neurofeedback (swLZNFB) on symptoms of depression and anxiety, electroencephalography (EEG) parameters, and deep brain activities in patients with MDD. MethodForty-eight patients with MDD comorbid with anxiety symptoms were assigned to the swLZNFB group and the control group. Participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and a 5-minute resting EEG at the pre-and post-tests. The swLZNFB group received ten sessions of one-hour treatment twice weekly. The control group received treatment as usual. The scores for BDI-II and BAI, number of EEG abnormalities, percentage of EEG abnormalities, and current source density (CSD) measured in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and amygdala were compared at pre-and post-tests between the two groups. ResultsThere were decreased scores of BDI-II and BAI, number of EEG abnormalities, and percentage of EEG abnormalities at post-test compared with pre-test in the swLZNFB group, and lower scores of BDI-II and BAI at post-test in the swLZNFB group compared with the control group. Moreover, decreased CSD of beta1 and beta3 in the PFC, ACC, PCC, and amygdala at post-test compared to pre-test in the swLZNFB group. LimitationsNot a randomized controlled trial. ConclusionTen sessions of swLZNFB reduced clinical symptoms and atypical brain activities, it serves as a potential psychological intervention for patients with MDD.

Video-Based Physical Exercise Effects on Young Adults in Social Isolation During the Coronavirus Pandemic

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of video-based exercises on the physical activity levels of individuals between the ages of 18-40 in social isolation to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: 64 volunteers participated as the control and 64 study groups were divided randomly and equally into two groups, the video-based exercise group (VEG) and the control group (CG). The video-based exercise group was included in an exercise program for 20 minutes, 7 days a week for 6 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (Short Form) (IPAQ-SF). Secondary outcome measures were the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS), sit and reach test, shoulder flexibility test, squat test, plank test, lateral bridge test (LBT), crunch test and single leg stance test (SLST). Tests were applied to the groups at the beginning and the end of the study. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in all parameters in the study group before and after the application (p&amp;lt;0.05). According to the intergroup comparisons, there was a statistically significant increase between the groups in IPAQ-SF, Sit and Reach Test, Push Up Test, Plank Test, LBT, and SLST Tests; there was a statistically significant decrease between the groups in DTS, BAI, PSQI, and NHP scores (except for pain and social isolation scores) (p&amp;lt;0.05). Conclusion: Our findings will shed light on the management of the physiotherapy and rehabilitation process by contributing to the increasing evidence in the literature on the effectiveness of video-based exercises and improving health-related multifaceted parameters in various post-pandemic situations where access to health services and preventive rehabilitation is restricted.