Beating Heart Coronary Artery Bypass Research Articles

Short-term and long-term outcomes of on-pump beating-heart coronary artery bypass surgery in dialysis and non-dialysis patients: a retrospective study in a single center

BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the short-term and long-term outcomes of dialysis and non-dialysis patients after On-pump beating-heart coronary artery bypass grafting (OPBH-CABG).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed medical records of 659 patients underwent OPBH-CABG at our hospital from 2009 to 2019, including 549 non-dialysis patients and 110 dialysis patients. Outcomes were in-hospital mortality, length of stay, surgical complications, post-CABG reintervention, and late mortality. The median follow-up was 3.88 years in non-dialysis patients and 2.24 years in dialysis patients. Propensity matching analysis was performed.ResultsAfter 1:1 matching, dialysis patients had significantly longer length of stay (14 (11–18) vs. 12 (10–15), p = 0.016), higher rates of myocardial infarction (16.85% vs. 6.74%, p = 0.037) and late mortality (25.93% vs. 9.4%, p = 0.005) after CABG compared to non-dialysis patients. No significant differences were observed in in-hospital mortality, complications, or post-CABG reintervention rate between dialysis and non-dialysis groups.ConclusionsOPBH-CABG could achieve comparable surgical mortality, surgical complication rates, and long-term revascularization in dialysis patients as those in non-dialysis patients. The results show that OPBH-CABG is a safe and effective surgical option for dialysis patients.

Comments on 'Comparison between off-pump versus on-pump beating heart CABG'.

On-pump beating heart coronary artery bypass grafting helps the surgeon in his learning curve period on off-pump heart surgery, however, it increases the risk of incomplete revascularization. Off-pump with cannulas in readiness is an alternative option.

Comparison between off-pump versus on-pump beating heart coronary artery bypass grafting.

Although coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is performed via three different techniques, conventional, on-pump beating heart CABG (ONBHCAB), or off-pump CABG (OPCAB), data is limited to compare ONBHCAB versus OPCAB. We retrospectively investigated postoperative cardiac biomarkers, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and Troponin I (cTnI), early and late outcomes in 806 patients undergoing isolated ONBHCAB or OPCAB between February 2008 and September 2022. To eliminate the bias between different groups, propensity score matching was conducted to validate the findings. After matching, the number of each study group totaled 270 patients. In both complete and matched cohorts, early outcomes, including morbidities and mortalities, were similar. However, cTnI and CK-MB levels were significantly higher after ONBHCAB than after OPCAB with the median peak cTnI of 9.85 ng/mL versus 4.60 ng/mL and the median peak CK-MB of 48.45 ng/mL versus 17.10 ng/mL in the matched cohort, which were quite low below the threshold for values defining perioperative myocardial infarction. At follow-up of 73 ± 45 months, the overall actuarial survival rates were similar between the ONBHCAB and OPCAB patients (86 % versus 87 % at 5 years and 64 % versus 68 % at 10 years, respectively, in the matched cohort). ONBHCAB may be a comparable alternative to OPCAB with similar early and late outcomes, despite higher elevation of postoperative cardiac biomarkers. ONBHCAB provides more efficient hemodynamic support, providing a better surgical visual field, than OPCAB while reducing the risk of incomplete revascularization.

CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS SURGERY IN YOUNG ADULT A INSTITUTIONAL RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

Objective: To study the overall causes, perioperative mortality, post operative complications, prognosis, outcome and follow up in a young adult present with coronary artery disease under going coronary artery bypass in our institute. Methods: Asum of 56 patient who are 40 years and less then 40 years who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery between January 2017 to December 2022 who's clinical case history, coronary angiography, pre operative and post operative echo cardiography, operative notes, post operative notes, outpatient follow up are collected from our computer stored data and from medical record department in our college and from Tamilnadu chief minister comprehensive health insurance scheme institutional Web site data base Results: Out of 56 patient,8 Female(14.3%) and 48 Male(85.7%),mean age 37.1 years (range 32 – 40 years),Diabetic 39 Patient (62.5%),Hypertensive 21 patient (37.5%) 7 / 8 women(87.5%) diabetic ,3/8 women both diabetic and hypertensive. Out of 48 male 47(97.9%) chronic smoker, 45 (93.8%) chronic alcoholic,44 (91.6%) both alcoholic and smoke , no women in this study neither alcoholic or smoker, 3patient (5.35%) hyperlipidaemia, 2 patient (3.57%) hypothyroidism all 2/8 (25%) are female,2 patient on haemodialysis for kidney disease, 1patient with bilateral renal artery stenosis, 1 patient with right innominate, right subclavian, bilateral carotid stenosis. Left ventricular function was impaired with ejection fraction average 46% (range 30% - 55%). 1 patient with ventricular septal rupture.2 patient with post coronary stent, The indication for surgery was triple vessel disease in 30 patient(53.57%) ,double vessel disease in 20 patient(35.7%),single vessel disease in 1 patient, single vessel disease with ventricular septal rupture in 1 patient, left main coronary artery stenosis in 4 patient(7%). Surgical procedure Off pump coronary artery bypass surgery in 51 patient(91%), On pump beating heart coronary artery bypass surgery in 2 patient (3.57%),On pump arrested heart coronary artery bypass surgery in 3 patient(5.35%). A total of 132 grafts were constructed(mean 2.4 grafts per patient),35 (27%) of them being arterial only left internal mammary artery harvested and other grafts were great saphenous vein. Post operative average ventilation time18hrs (range 18hrs to 24hrs), There were 5(8.9%)hospital death and 5(8.9%) late death in follow up, total 10 (17.8%) death till now. Conclusion: Most common cause for young coronary artery disease from our clinical history is found to be early onset diabetic mellitus and from our personal history chronic smoking and chronic alcoholism, intra operative mortality and morbidity is high in patient present with severe left ventricular dysfunction, coronary artery diseases induced complication and additional comorbidity, however most of patient recovered from post operative cardiovascular lethal or morbid event and on regular clinical follow up

On‐pump beating‐heart coronary artery bypass grafting: Single Center Experience and Literature Review

Purpose: In this retrospective, observational, non-randomized study, we present the results of our department in on‐pump beating‐heart coronary artery bypass grafting and we review the relevant medical literature. Methods: All data related to patients who underwent on‐pump beating‐heart coronary artery bypass grafting at our center for three consecutive years were collected. These patients were classified into two groups: isolated bypass grafts or combined with aortic valve replacement. All data related to preoperative characteristics, procedural characteristics, and clinical outcomes are presented separately for the two groups. Results: During the study period, 175 patients underwent on‐pump beating‐heart bypass grafting alone and 32 combined with aortic valve replacement. Despite higher than average Euroscore in both groups, mortality, and morbidity were satisfactory while the rate of complete revascularization was higher than previously reported for classic off-pump surgery. Conclusion: On‐pump beating heart coronary artery bypass grafting offers an excellent alternative in the surgical treatment of coronary artery disease. Patient selection is very important, and in the hands of skilled surgeons, it may prevent intraoperative complications and offer the appropriate revascularization, especially for high-risk patients.

Deep Sternal Wound Infection After Beating Heart Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery with Routine Use of Skeletonized Bilateral Internal Thoracic Artery.

Despite its survival benefits, bilateral internal thoracic artery (BITA) grafting is not commonly utilized due to concerns over deep sternal wound infection (DSWI). We observed the role of routine use of BITA and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG) in the incidence of DSWI and associated risk factors. Between January 2010 and December 2020, 1,207 patients were treated with isolated coronary artery bypass grafting. In all cases, OPCABG was attempted, and BITA was used whenever there was a need for a second arterial graft for the left coronary artery. DSWI was defined as a wound infection requiring surgical intervention and/or the administration of antibiotics. Multiple linear regression analysis was employed to model the risk of DSWI. The incidence of DSWI was 0.58%. Mortality rate was higher in DSWI group than in no-DSWI group (28.57% vs. 1.25%; P<0.001). No significant difference in DSWI incidence was observed when BITA (70.6%) or single internal thoracic artery (29.4%) were used (P=0.680). The prevalence of diabetes (100% vs. 40.7%; P=0.001), hyperlipidemia (100% vs. 85.9%; P=0.045), and obesity (71.4% vs. 26.8%; P-0.017) was significantly elevated in DSWI group, when compared with no-DSWI group. Diabetes (P=0.0001), unstable angina (P=0.0064), previous myocardial infarction > 30 days (P=0.0009), left ventricular ejection fraction < 50% (P=0.0074), and emergency surgery (P=0.0002) were independent risk factors. The results of routine use of skeletonized BITA after OPCABG were satisfactory regarding DSWI incidence and operative mortality in a single-center experience.

Comparative study between uses of levosimendan versus intra-aortic balloon pump in high risk patients undergoing beating heart coronary artery bypass surgery

Comparative study between uses of levosimendan versus intra-aortic balloon pump in high risk patients undergoing beating heart coronary artery bypass surgery

Comparative study between levosimendan and intra-aortic balloon pump in high risk patients undergoing beating heart coronary artery bypass surgery

Background: Preoperative left ventricular dysfunction is an independent risk factor for perioperative mortality and morbidity and is also associated with postoperative low cardiac output syndrome. IABP improved outcomes in high-risk cardiac patients. However, installation of the balloon has many disadvantages. Recently, a new drug named levosimendan is commonly used as an inotropic support with no increase oxygen demand of myocardium. Objective: The purpose of our study was to compare the efficiency of levosimendan versus intra-aortic balloon pump in patients with poor left ventricular function undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with ejection fraction less than 35%. Patients and Methods: Forty patients with elective multi-vessel off-pump CABG at Al-Azhar University, Air force Specialized and Al-Assema Hospitals were randomized into 2 groups, according to the treatment they received – either levosimendan (Levo group) or intra-aortic balloon counter pulsation (IABP group), and compared with respect to The use of inotropic drugs, Hemodynamics, ICU stay, hospital stay and in-hospital mortality. Results: There were no differences in preoperative characteristics including patients’ age, sex, BMI, and comorbidities. The Levosemindan group had shorter ICU and hospital stays as compared to IABP group with comparable hemodynamic functions, time of mechanical ventilation and mortality rate.

Retrospective assessment of the early and medium outcomes of on-pump beating-heart versus off-pump CABG in patients with moderate left ventricular dysfunction (LVEF)

Aim: To compare the early and medium outcomes of on-pump beating-heart (OPBH) coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and off-pump CABG (OPCABG) in patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) between 30% and 40%. Material &amp; Methods: This study was conducted as a retrospective observation over a period of 1 year at the Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Indira Gandhi Institute of medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India.130 patients were selected for this study. All patients were divided into 2 groups, according to the revascularization method: OPCABG group and OPBH group. Results: LVEF before discharge significantly improved from 34.39 ± 4.21 to 44.27 ± 7.29 in the OPBH group and from 34.27±4.61 to 42.66 ± 8.20in the OPCABG group (P&lt;0.001). All survival patients have been echocardiographically examined after 6 months which showed a significant higher early postoperative LVEF in the OPBH group than in the OPCABG group (45.28 ± 6.10 versus 44.42 ± 7.08%, respectively; P=0.002). Conclusion: The OPBH technique was a safe and an acceptable alternative for surgical revascularization in patients with moderate left ventricular dysfunction which provided better midterm MACE-free survival compared with OPCABG.

Risk factors of postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing beating heart coronary artery bypass

Aim: This study aims to establish new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) risk factors and postoperative outcomes after off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Material and Methods: Four hundred ninety patients who underwent off-pump CABG were enclosed in study. Patients divided into two groups in line with the development of new-onset AF as AF group (n=62) and non-AF group (n=428). Groups were compared in terms of preoperative clinical features and perioperative data, and multivariate analysis accomplished to identify independent clinical predictors of AF following off-pump CABG. Results: AF was presented in 62 (12.7%) of the patients, and those were significantly older and had significantly higher additive EuroSCORE scores than without AF. Also patients with postoperative AF had significantly prolonged intensive care unit and longer hospital stays at postoperative period. In the multivariant logistic regression analysis performed, advanced age, mean Euroscore, Mild to moderate mitral regurgitation, Prolonged air leak from thorax drain, mean ventilation time, severe pleural effusion, need for inotropic drug support were found to be risk factors for postoperative AF. Conclusion: Our study showed that age, high Euroscore, mild to moderate mitral regurgitation, prolonged ventilation time, severe pleural effusion and low cardiac output were risk factors of postoperative AF in patients underwent off-pump CABG. Also In patients who developed postoperative AF, prolonged intensive care unit and hospital stays were observed. Prospective randomized studies with larger patient series are recommended to support our study.

Prediction of new-onset atrial fibrillation after off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery using left atrial area and area index

Aim: This study aimed to determine preoperative echocardiographic predictors of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) in patients undergoing beating-heart coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. Materials and Methods: 84 patients undergoing off-pump isolated CABG were prospectively enrolled. The left atrium area (LAA) was measured from the apical four-chamber projection at the end-ventricular systole, then indexed to BSA for the left atrial area index (LAAI). POAF was detected with continuous telemetry and surface 12 electrocardiograms throughout hospitalization. Results: We observed postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) in 32 patients (38%, 64.9±10.2 years); of whom 87.5% ( 28 patients) were men. Patients with POAF had significantly larger left atrium (LA) area (18.9 ± 3.7 vs. 21.3 ± 4.9 cm2, p=0.016 ), higher LAAI (10.4 ± 2.0 vs. 12.0 ± 2.6 cm2/m2, p= 0.001), and higher systolic pulmonary artery pressure (30 (2-37) vs. 33 (20-64), p=0.05). In addition, lateral wall Em (9 (3-14) vs. 7 (3-15), p= 0.047), Am (10.8 ± 2.6 vs. 8.3 ± 3.0, p=0.05), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (60.5 (23- 78.50) vs. 57.15 (33.10-74.90), p=0.05) were significantly lower in patients with POAF. Based on the backward stepwise model of multivariate analysis, LAAI (p=0.007, 95% CI for OR:1.374 (1.092-1.729)) and LVEF (p=0.039, 95% CI for OR:0.889 (0.796-0.994)) were found to be the strongest independent predictors of POAF. Conclusion: In this study, LAAI and LVEF were independent predictors of POAF development after off-pump CABG surgery. These predictors may be helpful in risk assessment for the possibility of POAF in patients undergoing off-pump CABG surgery.

On-pump beating heart versus conventional on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting on clinical outcomes: a meta-analysis.

BackgroundA hybrid surgery method, on-pump beating heart coronary artery bypass graft (ON-BH CABG), is supposed to be a promising technology for coronary artery revascularization. Here, we conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of the data derived from published studies on ON-BH CABG and conventional on-pump coronary artery bypass graft (C-CABG) to compare their short-term and long-term clinical outcomes.MethodsWe searched major electronic databases and 24 studies incorporating 6,862 patients (1,847 ON-BH CABG and 5,015 C-CABG) were included eventually, and 9 studies of them were focusing on high-risk patients.ResultsCompared with ON-BH CABG, C-CABG was associated with a higher risk in early mortality [odds ratio (OR), 1.45; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09 to 1.93; P=0.01], myocardial infarction (MI) (OR, 2.60; 95% CI, 1.41 to 4.78; P<0.01), low output syndrome (LOS) (OR, 2.56; 95% CI, 1.55 to 4.23; P<0.01), renal failure (OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.38 to 2.44; P<0.01). In contrast, there was no significant difference in long-term survival [hazard ratio (HR), 1.08; 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.43; P=0.60]. In systematic analysis of the studies in high-risk patients, ON-BH CABG showed a lower risk in terms of early mortality, intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) usage, renal failure, hemodialysis, MI and pulmonary complication. No significant difference was observed in the long-term survival between ON-BH CABG and C-CABG.ConclusionsWith experienced and adept surgical team and mature ON-BH technology, ON-BH CABG may reduce the risk of postoperative death and complications in some patients. It might be an attractive alternative for high-risk patient populations.

Systematic Review and Pooled Meta-analysis of the Current Status of Coronary Revascularization Surgery in Bangladesh

Background: There is no consensus on the role of beating heart coronary artery bypass graft surgery (BECAB) in adult Bangladeshi patients requiring coronary revascularization surgery. We aimed to conduct a systematic review on all literature related to BECAB and/or conventional (CCAB) to determine the comparability of the patient outcomes of BECAB with that of a controlled cohort.&#x0D; Method: We carried out a systematic review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A meta-analysis was conducted to compare clinical outcomes between the BECAB and CCAB cohorts. Pooled analyses were also performed to determine the incidence rates of any adverse outcomes related to CABG.&#x0D; Results: We observed significantly lower rates of operation time (MD: -52.30, CI: -67.73 to -36.86, p&lt;0.0001), ventilation time (MD: -8.64, CI: -9.47 to -7.82, p&lt;0.0001) and ICU stay (MD: -17.47, CI: -33.57 to -1.38, p=0.03) associated with BECAB. From our pooled analyses of the BECAB cohort, we observed that the average blood loss was 500.303 [352.099, 648.507], while the average rates of perioperative MI (0.020 [0.002, 0.049]), stroke/TIA (0.015 [0.000, 0.042]), AKI (0.006 [0.002, 0.012]), respiratory complications (0.020 [0.000, 0.058]) and low output syndrome (0.123 [0.106, 0.141]) were all lower than the averages observed in the CCAB cohort.&#x0D; Conclusion: In an adult Bangladeshi CABG population, the clinical outcomes of patients that underwent BECAB were non-inferior to, if not better than, patients who underwent CCAB.&#x0D; Bangladesh Heart Journal 2020; 35(2) : 87-99

The comparison between the effects of aspirin and clopidogrel monotherapy on postoperative bleeding in diabetic patients after off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.

There is limited data about the bleeding complication of antiplatelet therapy after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) operations focused on diabetic patients. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the effects of aspirin and clopidogrel monotherapies on postoperative bleeding in these patients. A total of 165 diabetic patients who underwent isolated off-pump beating heart coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) operation were evaluated, 84 patients were included in this retrospective study. Patients were divided into groups according to the type of antiplatelet regime. Chest tube drainage amounts and the amount of blood product transfusions were evaluated. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) - group included 42 aspirin monotherapy and Clopidogrel - group included 42 clopidogrel monotherapy patients after propensity matching. The mean drainage amount in ASA - group was 670.24 ± 185.46 mL, in Clopidogrel - group was 921.43 ± 167.53 mL (p < 0.001). More packed red blood cell (PRBC) and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) units were needed in the Clopidogrel - group than in the ASA - group (2.05 ± 1.13 vs. 0.83 ± 0.93 units of PRBC, and 1.90 ± 0.58 vs. 1.05 ± 0.58 units of FFP, respectively, p < 0.001). In conclusion, clopidogrel had a stronger effect on bleeding in diabetic patients than aspirin after OPCAB surgery.

Use of Carbon dioxide versus air blower in on-pump beating-heart coronary artery bypass surgery

Introduction: The use of carbon dioxide blower has been recognized as the standard of care in patients undergoing beating coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) due to higher solubility and lower risk of embolization. On the other hand, the compressed air blower has gone out of use since air can be easily trapped and is less soluble which can cause coronary embolism. The present study aimed to compare the outcomes of patients undergoing on-pump beating CABG using CO2, as opposed to an air blower. Materials and Methods: A total number of 125 patients requiring coronary revascularization underwent on-pump beating CABG within February 2017-February 2018. In the current cross sectional study, 45 patients underwent CABG with CO2 blower and other patients were operated using air blower. The reported postoperative outcomes included mortality, low cardiac output state, malignant arrhythmia, postoperative myocardial infarction, blood transfusion, transient ischemic attack or stroke, intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP), as well as intensive care unit and hospital length of stay. Results:Demographic characteristics of patients in two groups in terms of age, sex, risk factors, echocardiographic and angiography data were similar and demonstrated no significant difference. Patients' outcomes, such as cardiac arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, ICU and hospital stays, were also similar in both groups. In addition, the overall morbidity and hospital mortality showed no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: Although the use of CO2 during beating CABG has been advocated with its theoretical advantages, no significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of mortality and morbidity using CO2, as opposed to air blower.

Real-time microcirculation imaging during beating-heart coronary artery bypass grafting.

Real-time microcirculation imaging during beating-heart coronary artery bypass grafting.

Invasive Assessment of the Myocardial Microcirculation during Beating Heart Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

Coronary artery bypass grafting may be associated with several cardiac complications, including ischemia, acute myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, or hemodynamic instability. Accumulating evidence suggests that well-developed coronary collateral circulation may protect against adverse effects, including myocardial ischemia. Assessment of myocardial microvascular perfusion is, therefore, of great clinical interest in beating heart surgery. In this paper, myocardial microvascular perfusion is continuously assessed on the beating heart using laser Doppler flowmetry in consecutive patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting procedures. No significant (p = 0.110) differences were found between the averaged perfusion signal (n = 42) at the baseline, during artery occlusion, or after reperfusion (732.4 ± 148.0 vs. 711.4 ± 144.1 vs. 737.0 ± 141.2, respectively). In contrast, significantly different (p < 0.001) mean perfusion signals (n = 12) were found (805.4 ± 200.1 vs. 577.2 ± 212.8 vs. 649.3 ± 220.8) in a subset of patients who presented with hemodynamic instability and myocardial ischemia. Additionally, a strong positive correlation between the plasma levels of high-sensitivity troponin I and perfusion decrease level after artery occlusion was found (r = 0.854, p < 0.001). This study argues that myocardial microvascular perfusion remains constant during coronary artery bypass grafting on the beating heart in advanced coronary artery disease. This phenomenon is most likely due to an extensive coronary collateral circulation.

Sandwich Technique to Manage Right Ventricular Perforation During Beating Heart Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Identification of an intramyocardial left anterior descending artery remains challenging and many techniques have been proposed for its identification. The exposure technique depends on the surgeon's familiarity and experience with it, and inadvertent right ventricular perforation during exposure on off-pump surgery results in bleeding, which requires urgent cardiopulmonary support and repair. Inadequate repair may result in continued bleeding, closure of the left anterior descending artery, and myocardial infarction. We describe a sandwich technique using the native left anterior descending artery and the bypass graft to repair right ventricular perforation, avoiding closure of this main artery and preserving graft patency.

Effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on pulmonary function in COPD patients undergoing beating heart coronary artery bypass surgery.

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on the postoperative course of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. This retrospective study included 375 COPD patients who underwent isolated CABG surgery with either on-pump (group 1) or off-pump beating heart techniques (group 2) between April 2014 and August 2018. Group 1 included 42 (11.2%) and group 2 included 333 (88.8%) patients. The mean mechanical ventilatory support times of groups 1 and 2 were 10.6 ± 36.2 and 5.1 ± 2.61 hours, respectively (p = 0.561). The mortality rates of groups 1 and 2 were 4.76% (two patients) and 1.50% (five patients), respectively (p = 0.142). The on-pump beating heart CABG surgery did not affect the postoperative mechanical ventilatory support times in patients with COPD.

Predictors of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation after Beating-Heart Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: Is Cardiopulmonary Bypass a Risk Factor?

To determine the risk factors and postoperative outcomes of new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) following beating-heart coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. A total of 458 patients who underwent beating-heart CABG without the use of aortic cross clamping and cardioplegic arrest between January 2011 and January 2015 were included in the study, and they were divided into two groups according to the development of new-onset AF as the AF group (n = 143) and non-AF group (n = 315). Both groups were compared in terms of preoperative clinical features and perioperative data, and the risk factors and postoperative outcomes of AF following beating-heart CABG were determined. The incidence of postoperative AF was 31.2%. Patients in the AF group were significantly older (68.08 ± 7.76 vs. 61.76 ± 9.83 years, p ≤ 0.001) and had significantly higher use of cardiopulmonary bypass during surgery (69.2% vs. 43.2%, p ≤ 0.001) than the patients in the non-AF group. The patients with AF also had statistically significantly longer lengths of intensive care unit and hospital stay than those without AF (43.79 ± 32.39 vs. 30.49 ± 33.31 hours, p ≤ 0.001, and 8.20 ± 4.37 vs. 5.77 ± 2.16 days, p ≤ 0.001, respectively). Our study revealed that age and the use of cardiopulmonary bypass during surgery were independent predictors of AF following beating-heart CABG. In addition, postoperative AF was associated with prolonged intensive care unit and hospital stay. Further prospective randomized studies with larger patient series are required to support our research and attain more accurate data.