Abstract A full circumferential contact mechanics modeling study considering the effect of waviness mesoscopic profile and rolling element contact relationship on bearing load distribution is carried out. In the model, a sinusoidal function is adopted to simulate the profile of the waviness section. According to the contact tangency condition, a model of the contact deformation relationship between a single rolling element and the raceways is established. On this basis, a full circumferential rolling elements contact load distribution model of the bearing is established by introducing the contact deformation of all rolling elements with the raceway surfaces. Focusing on contact deformation of a full circumferential rolling elements with the raceways, this model can conduct more accurate modeling and reflect the load distribution state inside the bearing more realistically. The correctness of the mechanical analysis model proposed in this paper is proved by an average error of 3.38%, which is the comparison result between the mechanical analysis model and the finite element model. Meanwhile, computational efficiency is improved. Further, based on the model, the influence of the waviness parameters on the load distribution inside the bearing under the action of different types of loads is analyzed.