Beam Physics Research Research Articles

Development of an Undulator Magnetic Field Measurement System for the Free‐Electron Laser Facility at Chiang‐Mai University

A magnetic field measurement system for an undulator has been developed at the Plasma and Beam Physics (PBP) Research Facility, Chiang Mai University (CMU), as a part of the mid‐infrared (MIR) and terahertz (THz) radiation free‐electron laser (FEL) project. The measurement system consists of a motorized linear translation stage, a Hall magnetic probe, a teslameter, a motor control unit, and control software. The system is designed to precisely control the position of the probe, which can move up to 1.8 m with a minimum step of 25 μm, with high repeatability and at low cost. The system is able to record transverse magnetic field intensities as a function of the probe's position in real time and has been used to measure the magnetic field of the MIR and THz undulator. Herein, the components, construction, and test results of the system are described.

Beam physics research with the IOTA electron lens

The electron lens in the Fermilab Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA) will enable new research in nonlinear integrable optics, space-charge compensation, electron cooling, and the stability of intense beams. This research addresses scientific questions on high-brightness beams and operational challenges of high-power accelerators for nuclear and particle physics. We review the roles that electron lenses play in this field and the physical principles behind their applications. The design criteria and specifications for the IOTA storage ring and electron lens are then discussed. We conclude with a description of the components of the apparatus.

Coherent THz transition radiation for polarization imaging experiments

THz radiation is reflected by conducting materials and has the capability to penetrate a wide variety of non-conducting materials. With such abilities, THz radiation has great potential for imaging applications, e.g., screening and inspection for packaged electronics chips and electronics circuit boards. High intensity THz radiation have been produced by the accelerator-based radiation source at the Plasma and Beam Physics Research Facility, Chiang Mai University, Thailand. The coherent THz transition radiation was generated from short electron bunches of around 8 MeV and an Al-foil tilted by 45°. Characterization of the backward transition radiation properties was conducted, including spatial distribution, polarization and radiation spectrum. The THz radiation was then used to create THz images of a print circuit board by reflective THz imaging setup. THz imaging with polarized transition radiation is demonstrated. With selected radiation polarization, reflective THz imaging can be improved.

Present status of 4 MeV electron beam accelerator system for natural rubber irradiation

Electron beam accelerator system for natural rubber irradiation is under developing at the Plasma and Beam Physics (PBP) Research Facility, Chiang Mai University (CMU). The system aims to improve the natural rubber latex properties by using energetic electrons to induce cross-linking between polymer chain or called vulcanization process. Due to no chemical added as a conventional way (usually sulphur), the rubber product produced by this method has good mechanical properties with lower toxicity that is suitable for many applications. The system consists of a DC thermionic cathode electron gun, a 5-cell radio-frequency (RF) linear accelerator (linac), an RF modulator, an adjustable speed conveyer and a control system. The expected electron beam energy from the simulation is in the range from 0.5 to 4 MeV with a maximum pulse current of 100 mA and a pulse repetition rate is adjustable from 20 to 400 Hz. This beam condition provides a calculated average absorbed dose between 160 and 640 Gy. The system has been complete assembled and the RF modulator has been tested. The RF processing has been performed and some of electron beam properties has been measured. The present status of development and the results are reported in this contribution.

Simulation and measurement of electromagnetic undulator prototype for production of THz radiation

This research focused on magnetic field simulation and measurement of an electromagnetic undulator prototype for generation of terahertz (THz) radiation from electron beam with energy of about 10 MeV at the PBP-CMU Electron Linac Laboratory of the Plasma and Beam Physics Research Facility. This undulator prototype has 6.5 periods with a period length of 64 mm. Its magnetic field was measured by using a Hall probe with a measuring system, which its position movement can be precisely controlled with automatic computer interface. The magnetic field of end-poles was compensated by adjusting the end-pole currents. It was found that at the main-pole current of 0.76 A, the optimal end-pole currents at the entrance and exit o f the undulator were 0.27 A and 0.19 A, respectively. At these currents the undulator has the transverse good field region of 19 mm. For magnetic field simulation, the computer program RADIA was used to model the undulator prototype for the ideal design. This was done for comparing the magnetic fields from the simulation and the measurement. The magnetic field of the two cases were not the same because the constructed prototype has different gaps for different lo ngitudinal positions. However, they could give the radiation in the THz regime, which were 97.6 μm for the simulation and 96.7 ± 0.1 μm for the measurement.

Investigation on current transformers for measuring of electron beam pulse current

The radio-frequency (RF) linear accelerator (linac) system of the PBP-CMU Electron Linac Laboratory at the Plasma and Beam Physics Research Facility is used as an injector system for future mid-infrared and terahertz free-electron lasers. The properties of electron beams produced from the linac must be controlled appropriately to produce high-quality radiation. One of the most important properties is the electron pulse current that can be measured using a current transformer. A copper wire with proper insulator is wounded around the ferrite-core forming a secondary coil of the current transformer. The electron beam passing through the transformer acts as the current in the primary coil and it induces an electromotive force in the secondary coil. Therefore, the output signal from the secondary coil can be measured and analyzed to be a pulse current of electron beam. The measured current pulse shape and value strongly depend on the characteristics of the current transformer. This study focuses on testing and calibrating of existing current transformers installed in the linac system. In the experiments, the pulse generator was used to generate the input pulse current with various pulse lengths. The output pulses were then sampled with a digital oscilloscope. The experimental results showed that the output pulses from the current transformers have distort shape compared with the input pulses. Consequently, the correction was conducted to provide more accuracy of the measuring value of the electron pulse current. The results of this research can be used as a valuable database for the existing current transformers and to develop the new ones that can provide more accurate results.

‘Box‐Profile’ Ion Implants as Geochemical Reference Materials for Electron Probe Microanalysis and Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry

Although electron probe microanalysis and secondary ion mass spectrometry are widely used analytical techniques for geochemical and mineralogical applications, metrologically rigorous quantification remains a major challenge for these methods. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) in particular is a matrix‐sensitive method, and the use of matrix‐matched reference materials (RMs) is essential to avoid significant analytical bias. A major problem is that the number of available RMs for SIMS is extremely small compared with the needs of analysts. One approach for the production of matrix‐specific RMs is the use of high‐energy ion implantation that introduces a known amount of a selected isotope into a material. We chose the more elaborate way of implanting a so‐called ‘box‐profile’ to generate a quasi‐homogeneous concentration of the implanted isotope in three dimensions, which allows RMs not only to be used for ion beam analysis but also makes them suitable for EPMA. For proof of concept, we used the thoroughly studied mineralogically and chemically ‘simple’ SiO2 system. We implanted either 47Ti or 48Ti into synthetic, ultra‐high‐purity silica glass. Several ‘box‐profiles’ with mass fractions between 10 and 1000 μg g−1 Ti and maximum depths of homogeneous Ti distribution between 200 nm and 3 μm were produced at the Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research of Helmholtz‐Zentrum Dresden‐Rossendorf. Multiple implantation steps using varying ion energies and ion doses were simulated with Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter (SRIM) software, optimising for the target concentrations, implantation depths and technical limits of the implanter. We characterised several implant test samples having different concentrations and maximum implantation depths by means of SIMS and other analytical techniques. The results show that the implant samples are suitable for use as reference materials for SIMS measurements. The multi‐energy ion implantation technique also appears to be a promising procedure for the production of EPMA‐suitable reference materials.

Design and beam dynamic simulation of the thermionic RF electron gun with external resonant cavity for transverse emittance reduction

Abstract The accelerator components and radiation production systems at the PBP-CMU Electron Linac Laboratory of the Plasma and Beam Physics Research Facility are currently being developed and upgraded to make it possible for generation of the mid-infrared free-electron laser (MIR FEL) and the coherent intense terahertz (THz) radiation via transition radiation and superradiant undulator radiation. To generate a high brightness radiation, a high quality electron beam is crucially required. One of the important keys for this issue is the good performance and reliable electron source . Development of a new thermionic radio-frequency (RF) electron gun is foreseen at our facility. The design of the new RF gun was conducted with the aim to reduce transverse emittance while keeping the longitudinal phase space distribution that is suitable for the bunch compression with the alpha magnet. The present design of the PBP-CMU RF electron gun, which has 1-1/2 cell TM 010 reentrant cylindrical standing-wave resonant cavities and a side-coupling cavity, was used as the starting model for this work. The shape and dimensions of the new RF gun were optimized and the electromagnetic field distribution was simulated by using the program CST Microwave Studio 2016. Electron beam dynamic simulations were done with program ASTRA. The initial particle distribution from thermionic emission process was created by using the self-developed MATLAB script that provides the thermal emittance values corresponding well to the theoretical values. The results of this work suggest that by adding an external resonant cavity with a rounded pill-box shape to the present RF gun model can reduce the transverse emittance. This additional cavity has an optimal length of 25 mm and is connected to the present RF gun at the position 13 mm downstream the second cavity exit. The RF wave is coupled from the second cavity to the external cavity via the second side-coupling cavity. The entire structure finally has a resonant frequency of 2856.03 MHz, an unloaded quality factor of 15623 and a shunt impedance of 1.18 M Ω . The maximum electric field values in the first, the second and the external cavity are 32.8, 65.0 and 29.8 MV/m, respectively. The results from beam dynamic simulations show that this new design RF gun should be able to produce electron bunches with a charge of 170 pC per bunch, a maximum kinetic energy of 2.72 MeV and an energy spread of 540 keV. The simulated horizontal and vertical normalized emittances of 90% beam were respectively reduced by 11.6% and 4.5% compared to the values obtained from the original PBP-CMU RF gun. Furthermore, it was found that the transverse emittance is conserved at the distance longer than 60 cm downstream the external cavity exit.

Study on Penetration of 4-MeV Electron Beam in Natural Rubber Latex

Vulcanization with electron beam irradiation provides unique and high efficient processing for natural rubber latex. It is one of very interesting and effective industrial applications of particle accelerators. A radio-frequency (RF) linear accelerator (linac) and electron beam irradiation system have been developed for natural rubber vulcanization at the PBP-CMU Electron Linac Laboratory of the Plasma and Beam Physics (PBP) Research Facility, Chiang Mai University (CMU). This accelerator will be able to produce electron beams with maximum energy up to about 4 MeV. In this research, we used a Monte Carlo simulation program called GEANT4 to study transportation of 4-MeV electron beam with Gaussian transverse distribution through a vacuum window, an air gap and natural rubber latex. The vacuum window is made of 50-micron titanium foil and the natural rubber was placed 18 cm downstream the foil exit. Simulations of electron depth dose and transverse distribution in these media were conducted. In addition, calculation on the irradiation throughput was performed. The study results revealed that for the electron beam with Gaussian transverse distribution and an average energy of 4.06 MeV, the irradiation area should be 2.8 mm×2.8 mm with the depth of 8 mm. With this condition, the irradiation time of 0.02 second will provide the dose of at least 50 kGy per irradiated point, which is enough for the rubber vulcanization process. The overall irradiation throughput rate is 6.865 kg/hr.

Investigation on Electron Absorbed Dose in a Mixture of Natural Rubber Latex and Cross-linking Agents

Natural rubber vulcanization using electron beam is one of interesting applications of electron accelerators with an energy in a range of a few hundred keV to a few MeV. At the Plasma and Beam Physics (PBP) Research Facility, Chiang Mai University, a 4-MeV radio-frequency (RF) linear accelerator is developed for utilizing in natural rubber vulcanization. To accelerate the vulcanization process, cross-linking agents are added in a natural rubber latex to increase the bonding probability between the chains of rubber molecules. This research used a Monte Carlo based program GEANT4 to simulate the electron absorbed dose in a mixture of natural rubber latex and cross-linking agents. The initial electron energy distributions were obtained from the beam dynamic simulation in the accelerator, which were done with program ASTRA. The initial electron beams have average energy in the range of 0.70 to 4.02 MeV at the position 6 cm prior the 50μm titanium vacuum window foil. The air gap between the vacuum window to the natural rubber latex was set at 18 cm. The electron beam transportation in the titanium foil, air gap and a mixture of natural rubber latex were simulated. The cross-linking agents that are added in the natural rubber latex are ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) and 1,6-hexanediol-diacrylate (HDDA). Finally, electron absorbed dose distributions in both transverse direction and along the depth of the natural rubber latex mixed with each cross-linking agent were calculated and analyzed. The results from this work can be used for experimental planning of electron beam irradiation on the natural rubber latex with appropriate cross-linking agents and electron absorbed dose.

Simulations and measurements of the dipole magnet using in the 4-MeV electron spectrometer

A dipole magnet is one of important components in particle accelerators. It can be used to transport a charged particle beam with desired deflecting angle and direction. Moreover, it is often utilized as a part of an energy spectrometer. This research focuses on simulations and measurements of the dipole magnet, which will be used to measure the electron beam energy produced from the 4-MeV radio-frequency (RF) linear accelerator (linac) for natural rubber vulcanization at the PBP-CMU Electron Linac Laboratory of the Plasma and Beam Physics (PBP) Research Facility in Chiang Mai University (CMU). The research activities are divided into three main parts. The first part focuses on three-dimensional (3D) simulation of the dipole magnet by using the RADIA program. The 3D field map of the magnetic field can be derived from the RADIA model. The second past is the magnetic field measurements of the magnet after the construction. The maximum magnetic field of 248.6 mT can be obtained with an excitation current of 3 A. The last part focuses on the electron beam dynamic study by using the program called ASTRA to track the particles though the 3D magnetic field distribution. The simulation data provides six-dimensional coordinates of the particles at the considered position downstream the dipole magnet. The optimal bending angle of the 4-MeV electron beam in the magnetic field of 0.22 T is 50° with an energy spread of 0.827 MeV.

Study on Thermionic RF Electron Gun after Retuning Process

Relativistic femtosecond electron bunches can be produced from the electron accelerator system at the PBP-CMU Electron Linac Laboratory of the Plasma and Beam Physics (PBP) Research Facility, Chiang Mai University (CMU). A thermionic radio-frequency (RF) gun is used as an electron source for this accelerator. The RF gun has a 1.6-cell standing-wave structure with side-coupling cavity. The 2856 MHz RF wave is transmitted from the klystron to the gun through a waveguide system. So far, two RF guns have been used at our laboratory. The first gun was designed and constructed mostly in Thailand. The second one was constructed at the National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Taiwan, R.O.C. It was then transported from the NSRRC to our laboratory and was tested after the cavity retuning process. The low-level and high-level RF measurements were conducted. This gun has a resonant frequency of 2855.68 MHz at 26.2°C with a quality factor of 12264. The high-power RF measurements showed that an optimal operating temperature of the gun was 34°C. The electromagnetic (EM) field distribution inside the gun was simulated by using the 3D-model created with program CST Microwave Studio 2012@. Study of electron beam dynamics in the gun using program PARMELA was done to estimate the beam properties at the gun exit. Moreover, measurements of the beam properties were performed. The results showed that at optimal conditions the RF gun could produce the beam of ∼2 μs (FWHM) pulse width with a charge of 850.1 ± 34.7 nC. The major fraction of the beam has an energy in the range of 1.5-2.5 MeV.

RF System of Linear Accelerator for Natural Rubber Research

The natural rubber research is ongoing project at the Plasma and Beam Physics Research Facility, Chiang Mai University, Thailand. The project aims to use electron beam irradiation for high quality vulcanization process for natural rubber. The main accelerator system consists of a DC thermionic electron gun, 5-cell linear accelerator structure, control system, RF system and electron beam irradiation system. This accelerator system aims to generate adjustable electron beam energy range from 0.5 to 4.0 MeV with pulse current of 10 – 100 mA and pulse repetition rate of 20 – 200 Hz. The 4 MeV electron beam with current of 100 mA produced at pulse repetition rate of 200Hz is expected to achieve the maximum absorbed dose of 320 Gy. The control system is designed and built in-house to fit the accelerator system requirement. The RF system consists of Pulse Forming Network (PFN), trigger board and thyratron switch, pulse transformer and pulse magnetron. This RF system can achieve RF power of 0.9 to 2.0 MW with pulse width of 4 μs. The pulse repetition rate can be varied from 20 to 200 Hz to control RF average power. The performance of RF system as well as the results of RF commissioning will be present and discussed.

Design of dual flattening filter for 4-MeV electron beam irradiation system

A 4-MeV electron radio-frequency linear accelerator (RF linac) at the Plasma and Beam Physics Research Facility is used to irradiate electron beam on the natural rubber latex for vulcanization process. The irradiation area and uniformity of electron dose have significant influence on the vulcanization quality and throughput. This research focuses on the design of electron beam flattening filter to enlarge the transverse beam size with more uniform energy and dose distribution. The flattening filter system consists of two different filters. The primary one is used to increases the transverse beam size while the secondary one is used to modify the beam for achieving more uniform transverse distribution. Optimization of the filter system was performed for 4 MeV electron beam by using the GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulation program. The initial electron beam has a pencil shape with transverse Gaussian distribution and an RMS radius of 2 mm. The optimized parameters of the filters are thickness, shape and position. The results of the optimization suggest that the primary filter should have high atomic number. The tantalum (Ta) sheet with a thickness of 30 micron was chosen. The material and shape of the secondary filter were also studied. It is found that the aluminium (Al) plate with a shape of the truncated cone can smear the beam to uniformly distribute over the irradiating area. The output of this work can be used to construct the flattening filter system in the electron beam irradiation system for increasing the vulcanization throughput.

Electron beam dynamics in the 3D magnetic field of alpha magnet at the PBP-CMU Electron Linac Laboratory

The electron injector system for a future mid-infrared free-electron laser (MIR FEL) and coherent terahertz (THz) radiation source at the Plasma and Beam Physics (PBP) Research Facility of Chiang Mai University (CMU) in Thailand will consists mainly of a thermionic cathode radio-frequency (RF) electron gun, an alpha magnet, a traveling-wave linear accelerator (linac) structure and two magnetic bunch compressor systems. The detailed study of all components in the injector system is very important for generation of high quality electron beam and radiation. This paper focuses on the alpha magnet, which is used as a magnetic bunch compressor and an energy filter before the beam being accelerated in a post-acceleration linac structure. We report its characteristics and the electron beam dynamics in its three-dimensional (3D) magnetic field distribution that was simulated with the program CST EM Studio 2016. The simulated alpha magnet’s fields are comparable with the measurement data. The beam dynamic simulations in 3D magnetic field were performed by using programs ASTRA and ELEGANT. The simulation results allow us to investigate the influence of the fringe field, the vertical focusing and the space charge effect in the alpha magnet. This is significantly important for electron beam manipulation in the injector system. The study outputs reveal that the proper injection angle in the practical beam operation to compensate the fringe field effect should be 42∘ that is 1.29∘ larger than the ideal injection angle. We also found that the ratio of the vertical focal length to the total path length in the alpha magnet is 0.544, which is independent on the magnetic field gradient. Moreover, the space charge force in the electron bunch leads to the rotation of transverse phase spaces while the beam traverses in the alpha magnet’s field. This effect has considerably small influence on the longitudinal phase space, especially for the beam with a bunch charge not exceeding 0.2 nC.

Development of a compact electromagnetic undulator for linac-based coherent THz radiation source in Thailand

A linac-based accelerator system at the Plasma and Beam Physics Research Facility of Chiang Mai University in Thailand can produce relativistic femtosecond electron bunches for generating coherent THz radiation. Originally, this accelerator system was built to produce high peak power THz/FIR radiation via transition radiation technique. To extend the system’s capability in production of higher average power and tunable coherent radiation, a project to add an undulator magnet as a source of coherent THz radiation was started. Construction of a compact 40-period electromagnetic undulator with short period length is in progress. Low electricity consumption, inexpensive materials and uncomplicated fabrication process are aimed. An undulator prototype was designed and built to investigate the magnetic field properties and to estimate the possibility on manufacturing of a future undulator magnet. A computer program RADIA was used to model a three-dimensional undulator prototype based on the fabricated magnet material and dimensions. This prototype has 4.5 periods consisting of 8 main-poles and 2 end-poles for magnetic field correction. The simulated peak magnetic field was 0.1858 T or equivalents to an undulator parameter of 0.98. This led to a calculated undulator radiation wavelength at the first harmonic of 109 μm for electron beam with energy of 10 MeV. This radiation is in the forward direction. After manufacturing, the magnetic field of the undulator prototype was measured and analyzed. The measurement result at an optimal excitation current of 5 A showed that an average period length of 54.8 mm and an average peak magnetic field of 0.1855 T were achieved. The measured undulator parameter was 0.97, which resulted in the undulator radiation wavelength of about 107 μm. A future electromagnetic undulator with 40 periods was designed and will be built based on the study results of this undulator prototype. The estimated angular flux density of the radiation emitted from 40 period undulator magnet is dominated at the first harmonic radiation wavelength of 109 μm, which is equivalent to the radiation frequency of 2.8 THz.

Coherent transition radiation from femtosecond electron bunches at the accelerator-based THz light source in Thailand

A THz radiation source based on electron linear accelerator (linac) has been built and commissioned at the Plasma and Beam Physics (PBP) Research Facility, Chiang Mai University (CMU) in Thailand since 2005. The accelerator system consists of a thermionic cathode RF electron gun, a magnetic bunch compressor in a form of an alpha-magnet, an S-band travelling-wave linac structure, beam steering and focusing magnets, beam and radiation diagnostic instruments, control system and other support components. Electron bunches with an average kinetic energy of about 8 MeV, a bunch charge of 100 pC, and a bunch length of 300 fs can be produced from the PBP-CMU electron linac system. Coherent THz radiation generated via transition radiation technique is used as a source of the THz spectroscopy and THz imaging applications. The measured power spectrum indicates that the radiation obtained from short electron bunches covers the frequency range of 0.15–1.80 THz or the wavenumber range of 5–60 cm−1. Experimental results reveal that a peak radiation power as high as 0.2 MW per micropulse and an average radiation power of 2.5 mW can be obtained. Generation and characterization of the coherent THz transition radiation as well as some examples of experiments to achieve electron bunch length and radiation power spectrum are reported and discussed in this paper.

Design and Development of Emittance Measurement Device by Using the Pepper-pot Technique

Transverse emittance of a charged particle beam is one of the most important properties that reveals the quality of the beam. It is related to charge density, transvers size and angular displacement of the beam in transverse phase space. There are several techniques to measure the transverse emittance value. One of practical methods is the pepper-pot technique, which can measure both horizontal and vertical emittance value in a single measurement. This research concentrates on development of a pepper-pot device to measure the transverse emittance of electron beam produced from an accelerator injector system, which consists of a thermionic cathode RF electron gun and an alpha magnet, at the Plasma and Beam Physics Research Facility, Chiang Mai University. Simulation of beam dynamics was conducted with programs PARMELA, ELEGANT and self-developed codes using C and MATLAB. The geometry, dimensions and location of the pepper-pot as well as its corresponding screen station position were included in the simulation. The result from this study will be used to design and develop a practical pepper-pot experimental station.

IOTA (Integrable Optics Test Accelerator): facility and experimental beam physics program

The Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA) is a storage ring for advanced beam physics research currently being built and commissioned at Fermilab. It will operate with protons and electrons using injectors with momenta of 70 and 150 MeV/c, respectively. The research program includes the study of nonlinear focusing integrable optical beam lattices based on special magnets and electron lenses, beam dynamics of space-charge effects and their compensation, optical stochastic cooling, and several other experiments. In this article, we present the design and main parameters of the facility, outline progress to date and provide the timeline of the construction, commissioning and research. The physical principles, design, and hardware implementation plans for the major IOTA experiments are also discussed.

Electron linear accelerator system for natural rubber vulcanization

Development of an electron accelerator system, beam diagnostic instruments, an irradiation apparatus and electron beam processing methodology for natural rubber vulcanization is underway at the Plasma and Beam Physics Research Facility, Chiang Mai University, Thailand. The project is carried out with the aims to improve the qualities of natural rubber products. The system consists of a DC thermionic electron gun, 5-cell standing-wave radio-frequency (RF) linear accelerator (linac) with side-coupling cavities and an electron beam irradiation apparatus. This system is used to produce electron beams with an adjustable energy between 0.5 and 4MeV and a pulse current of 10–100mA at a pulse repetition rate of 20–400Hz. An average absorbed dose between 160 and 640Gy is expected to be archived for 4MeV electron beam when the accelerator is operated at 400Hz. The research activities focus firstly on assembling of the accelerator system, study on accelerator properties and electron beam dynamic simulations. The resonant frequency of the RF linac in π/2 operating mode is 2996.82MHz for the operating temperature of 35°C. The beam dynamic simulations were conducted by using the code ASTRA. Simulation results suggest that electron beams with an average energy of 4.002MeV can be obtained when the linac accelerating gradient is 41.7MV/m. The rms transverse beam size and normalized rms transverse emittance at the linac exit are 0.91mm and 10.48πmm·mrad, respectively. This information can then be used as the input data for Monte Carlo simulations to estimate the electron beam penetration depth and dose distribution in the natural rubber latex. The study results from this research will be used to define optimal conditions for natural rubber vulcanization with different electron beam energies and doses. This is very useful for development of future practical industrial accelerator units.