Beach Visitors Research Articles

Balancing recreation and flood safety for integrated coastal management: Understanding beach visitors' types of attitude and behaviour in sandy anthropogenic shores

In the Netherlands, with its coastal lowlands, coastal management is performed through sand nourishment and dune utilisation. While policy aims for multifunctionality, coastal management studies predominantly emphasise flood safety, neglecting the recreational function and its interplay with flood safety measures. This study aims to investigate beach visitors' views and behaviour at two reinforced sandy shores in the Netherlands, namely Sand Motor and Hondsbossche Dunes. As the magnitude of the sand-based reinforcements completely changed the original beach landscape, we refer to these as sandy anthropogenic shores (SAS). We conducted surveys to assess SAS visitors' profiles, attitudes (visit motivations, landscape attractiveness), and recreational behaviour (facility preferences, activities, visitation patterns, spatial distribution). We examined differences between SAS and non-SAS beach visitors and compared their perspectives with management expectations. In our analysis, we categorised visitors into three types: local, one-day, and overnight visitors. Our analysis identified three distinct visitor motivation clusters: socialising, relaxation while appreciating beach landscapes, and engaging in sports activities. Natural landscape quality and quietness were the top attractions for SAS visitors. Despite significant human intervention in the design and alteration of the SAS landscape, visitors still appreciate its natural dynamics and beauty. Our analysis indicates that users perceive the SAS as either natural or semi-natural beaches, as intended by their designers and managers. We also developed a conceptual framework of the SAS recreation model based on survey data, forming the foundation for a quantitative model of SAS socio-environmental dynamics in the next phase of our research. Moreover, considering the similarities between SAS and natural shores, we anticipate that our findings will have broad applicability well beyond the specific SAS we have studied.

Composition of Marine Debris on The Coast of Banyuwangi, East Java

Marine debris has emerged as a significant environmental issue of growing global concern, closely linked to pollution and its impact on the environment. Understanding the distribution of marine waste in coastal areas is crucial, especially considering that beaches are key sites for various human activities such as tourism, fishing, and shipping. To address this, a study was conducted to analyze the composition of marine debris on three beaches in Banyuwangi Regency, East Java. The study took place in July and August of 2023, focusing on Boom, Cacalan, and Cemara beaches. Marine debris was collected along the coastline in 5 x 5 m transects, spaced 20 m apart, to identify and quantify the types of waste. The findings revealed that Boom Beach had the highest percentage of rubbish (46%), followed by Cemara Beach (30%) and Cacalan Beach (24%). Additionally, the highest abundance of rubbish per area was found at Boom Beach (5.97 ± 16.64 item/m2), Cemara Beach (3,92 ± 11,36 item/m2), and Cacalan Beach (3,12 ± 5,27 item/m2). Boom Beach and Cemara Beach were primarily dominated by plastic waste, while at Cacalan Beach, plastic waste and broken glass were found in nearly equal proportions. The calculation of the Clean Coast Index (CCI) indicated that all three beaches were significantly polluted. As a result, there is a clear need for focused attention on waste management at tourist beaches to preserve the aesthetics and comfort of beach visitors.

Pengaruh Strategi Bauran Pemasaran Digital Terhadap Kinerja Pemasaran melalui Manajemen Hubungan Pelanggan di Objek Wisata Pantai Randusanga Indah Brebes

This study aims to determine the effect of digital marketing mix strategy on marketing performance through customer relationship management at Randusanga Indah Brebes Beach tourist attraction. Using quantitative and qualitative approaches, this research sample involved 203 respondents who were beach visitors who were taken using purposive sampling techniques. Data analysis was conducted using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) model with the AMOS program. The results showed that the digital marketing mix strategy had a significant effect on customer relationship management with a CR value of 11.252 (CR ≥1.96) and a probability value ≤ 0.05. However, the digital marketing mix strategy has no significant effect on marketing performance with a CR value of -,434 (CR ≥1.96) and a probability value of 0.664 (p ≤ 0.05). Similarly, customer relationship management also has no significant effect on marketing performance with a value of CR 1,261 (CR ≥1.96) and a probability value of 0.207 (p ≤ 0.05).

Creating a sense of intangible science: Making it understandable to a broad public via geoheritage

The methods and result of scientific studies are often difficult to understand for non-specialists due to their esoteric nature. Such lack of understanding means that such work is removed from our normal life experience, and thus, the applicability, interest and use of such work can be minimal. The communication of geoscience finds a natural conduit through geoheritage. A good example of an inaccessible technique far removed from everyday experience is anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS), an extremely useful geoscience technique with many applications, including finding strain and flow directions in rocks. We explored here how to make “AMS” understandable, using three different volcanic sites where the flow of molten rock is an important aspect, each situated in different types of geoheritage visitation context (wild trekkers, beach visitors, and walkers). The method we developed and tested follows the production of simple and adapted explanations, and is coupled with geoheritage inventorying and communication. We utilized the tangible geological features of outcrops, as well as intangible elements such as rock magnetic data, and conducted a geoheritage inventory using the modified geosite assessment model (M-GAM) to create narratives for popular comprehension. The M-GAM analysis has identified the geosites of the San Bartolo lava flow of the Stromboli volcano for the communication of AMS. Later, a simple and comprehensible definition of AMS and thus of the flow processes was created using a step-by-step process. This method could be useful for scientific studies to allow them to reach out to a wider public, using their input in the simple explanation stage to con-construct a narrative. This would provide a way for science to be more widely appreciated, useful and applicable.

The Influence of Instagram Social Media Promotion, Word of Mouth, and Tourist Attraction on Tourists' Decisions to Visit Melasti Coastal Tourism Objects at Badung Regency

The increasingly rapid development of tourist destinations in Indonesia is influencing the number of tourist visits to the island of Bali. This phenomenon requires each tourist attraction manager on the island of Bali to find the right promotional strategy to increase the number of tourist visits. This study is aimed at analyzing the role of promotions carried out through social media Instagram, WOM, and tourist attractions on tourists' decisions to visit the Melasti Beach tourist attraction. The population of this study was Melasti beach visitors with a research sample of 80 people. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The findings of the study succeeded in confirming that there was a significant simultaneous and partial relationship between promotion variables via the Instagram platform, WOM, and tourist attractions on tourists' decisions to visit the Melasti Beach tourist attraction.

CONSUMER PROTECTION IN BEACH TOURISM OBJECTS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF MAQASHID SHARIA (STUDY IN THE SUB-DISTRICT OF MIRROR BEACH, SERDANG BEDAGAI DISTRICT)

Activities in tourist attractions pose a risk of danger for tourists, which can impact safety and security, including beach tourism. It must be backed by infrastructure that promotes safety and security in these tourist locations to reduce current risks. Visitors' rights to safety, security, and clear information are guaranteed by Law No. 8 of 1999 on consumer protection and Law No. 10 of 2009 on tourism, specifically Article 20. This study aims to investigate how the Pantai Cermin District's beach attractions' facilities, their consumer protection policies, and the notion of consumer protection as seen through the lens of Maqashid Sharia. This study employs a conceptual framework, a statute-based methodology, and an empirical case-study approach to the law. The results of this study indicate that the facilities at beach attractions in Pantai Cermin Subdistrict still need to fulfil safety and security aspects, such as the unavailability of health clinics, watchtowers, and luggage storage for tourists. In the perspective of maqashid sharia, consumer protection of security and safety in beach tourism is the application of the principles of Hifz al-Nafs (protecting the soul) and Hifz al-Mal (protecting property), so beach tourism managers must provide security, health, and safety facilities for beach visitors.

Detection and modeling of Staphylococcus aureus and fecal bacteria in Hawaiian coastal waters and sands.

Microbial pollution of recreational waters leads to millions of skin, respiratory, and gastrointestinal illnesses globally. Fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) are monitored to assess recreational waters but may not reflect the presence of Staphylococcus aureus, a global leader in bacterial fatalities. Since many community-acquired S. aureus skin infections are associated with high recreational water usage, this study measured and modeled S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and FIB (Enterococcus spp., Clostridium perfringens) concentrations in seawater and sand at six beaches in Hilo, Hawai'i, USA, over 37 sample dates from July 2016 to February 2019 using culturing techniques. Generalized linear models predicted bacterial concentrations with physicochemical and environmental data. Beach visitors were also surveyed on their preferred activities. S. aureus and FIB concentrations were roughly 6-78 times higher at beaches with freshwater discharge than at those without. Seawater concentrations of Enterococcus spp. were positively associated with MRSA but not S. aureus. Elevated S. aureus was associated with lower tidal heights, higher freshwater discharge, onsite sewage disposal system density, and turbidity. Regular monitoring of beaches with freshwater input, utilizing real-time water quality measurements with robust modeling techniques, and raising awareness among recreational water users may mitigate exposure to S. aureus, MRSA, and FIB. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Staphylococcus aureus and fecal bacteria concentrations were higher in seawater and sand at beaches with freshwater discharge. In seawater, Enterococcus spp. positively correlated with MRSA, but not S. aureus. Freshwater discharge, OSDS density, water turbidity, and tides significantly predicted bacterial concentrations in seawater and sand. Predictive bacterial models based upon physicochemical and environmental data developed in this study are readily available for user-friendly application.

Sentiment review of coastal assessment using neural network and naïve Bayes

An assessment of a place will provide an overview for other people whether the place is feasible to be visited or not. Assessment of coastal places will provide a separate assessment for potential visitors in considering visitation. This article proposes a model using the neural network (NN) and naïve Bayes (NB) methods to classify sentiment toward coastal assessments. The proposed NN and NB models are optimized using information gain (IG) and feature weights, namely particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA) which are carried out to increase the level of classification accuracy. Based on the experimental results, the best level of accuracy for the classification of coastal assessments is 87.11% and is named the NB IG+PSO model. The best model obtained is a model that can be used as a decision support for potential beach visitors in deciding to visit the place.

Beach Litter Variability According to the Number of Visitors in Cádiz Beaches, SW Spain

The amount and composition of litter was evaluated during May and June 2021 at two urban beaches, i.e., La Victoria and La Cortadura, in Cádiz, SW Spain. Surveys were carried out daily in the morning and in the evening during the weekends to quantify the daily accumulation of beach litter and relate it to the number of beach users, which was assessed at around 1:00 p.m. Litter amount was also related to cleanup operations that were very mechanically and manually carried out each day very early in the morning. A total of 8108 items were collected at the two investigated sectors during the study period and beach visitors were quantified in 22 surveys. Plastic was the most common material, representing 82% in La Victoria and 68% in La Cortadura. The most common items were cigarette butts and small, hard plastic fragments. Some litter items that were hazardous to beach visitors were identified, such as broken glass. The number of visitors was positively related to the amount of litter. Significant differences were seen in the litter abundance between the morning and evening assessments since the beaches were cleaned daily and bins were available to facilitate trash disposal. Cleaning operations remove many of the litter items but always leave small quantities of small items uncollected. Efforts to prevent litter on these beaches should focus on informing visitors properly in order to avoid littering and on improving cleanup operations.

Characterization of marine litter on the beaches surrounding Marchica Lagoon, Morocco

Marchica lagoon, a Ramsar site on Morocco's Mediterranean coast, has emerged as a prominent tourist destination within the Mediterranean region. However, the summer tourism is often accompanied by a rise in waste accumulation, especially on the surrounding beaches. The focus of this study is a detailed analysis of marine litter found on the beaches near Marchica Lagoon, specifically Al Mohandis, Bocana, and Nador Artificial Beach. The data collection for this study was carried out over a three-day period prior to the summer season in June 2023. The methodology adhered to the established protocols of the "Guidance on Monitoring of Marine Litter in European Seas." A total of 731 items of marine debris were collected from these three beaches, with an overall weight of 20395 kg. The composition of the collected debris revealed that polymer materials were the most prevalent, accounting for 81% of the total debris, followed by paper/cardboard (6.3%), metal (6.2%), processed wood (2.9%), glass/ceramics (1.9%), and cloth/textile (1.78%). The analysis indicates that the majority of the marine debris is associated with the activities of beach visitors. It is recommended that public awareness initiatives be implemented and solid waste management practices improved.

Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Pengunjung dalam Membuang Sampah di Pantai Lampu Satu Kabupaten Merauke Papua

Traveling means visiting a new place that is different from where you currently live. Clean, beautiful and well-maintained beach conditions will make tourists more comfortable when traveling. However, damage to the coastal environment can occur due to human activities. The aim of this research is to determine the factors related to visitor behavior in throwing away rubbish at Lampu Satu Beach, Merauke Regency, Papua. The research design used is a cross-sectional research design. The sample was visitors to Lampu Satu Beach, Merauke Regency, Papua with a sample size of 321 samples. The statistical test used is the chi square test. Based on univariate analysis, the results showed that 139 (43.3%) respondents had good waste disposal behavior, 129 (40.2%) respondents had high knowledge, 128 (39.9%) respondents had a positive attitude, mature age < 46 as many as 306 (95.3%), respondents with female gender as many as 172 (53.6%), respondents with primary-secondary education 231 people (72.0%), respondents working as many as 171 (53.3%). Bivariate analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between knowledge (p=0.032), attitude (p=0.020), no significant relationship between age (p=1.000), gender p=0.818), education (p= 0.384), and occupation (p=0.210) with trash throwing behavior at Lampu Satu Beach. The approach involves educating beach visitors about awareness and the importance of caring for the surrounding environment. Involve influential community figures in changing the behavior of littering so that visitors are motivated to protect the beach environment.
 

The Blue Flag Award in South Africa: Raising Consciences and Influencing Beach Goers’ Decisions

In recent years, the tourism sector has experienced significant expansion, with the beach ecosystem emerging as the most popular destination for recreational and leisure pursuits. The proliferation of marine tourism activities has resulted in undeniable ecological consequences, including but not limited to the generation of solid waste, noise and air pollution, unattractive landscapes, and degradation of the coastal biome. The Blue Flag certification has been widely embraced by several coastal municipalities as a means of addressing the adverse environmental consequences that arise from tourism and recreational activities. The objective of this research is to evaluate the perceptions and level of awareness of beach visitors regarding the Blue Flag award, as well as determine if their selection of a beach destination is influenced by the Blue Flag standards. The study employed a quantitative methodology and gathered data, using convenience sampling, from beach visitors at nine Blue Flag beaches located in KwaZulu-Natal. The data were collected through a structured, self-administered questionnaire. The findings suggest that there is a dearth of awareness among beach visitors regarding the Blue Flag certification and that certain criteria associated with the award have an impact on their selection of beaches. The study is expected to yield significant advantages in enhancing and strengthening the Blue Flag certification program within the country at large. Additionally, it will promote the necessity of public environmental education and awareness regarding the award.

Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pengelolaan Kebersihan Pantai Gajah di Kelurahan Air Tawar Barat Kecamatan Padang Utara Kota Padang

This research aims to find out how the community participates in the cleanliness of Gajah Beach, North Padang District, Padang City. The Elephant Beach tourist attraction in Padang City is one of the famous tourist assets in the city of Padang which is visited by many local people and outside the city and must be kept clean. However, what is currently happening is that there are many piles of rubbish scattered and strewn along the beach, thus disrupting the comfort of beach visitors and also disrupting the health of the people around the beach. The research results show that community participation in managing cleanliness at Gajah Beach is divided into three forms, namely financial (money & goods), energy and thoughts/ideas. However, among the three forms of participation, participation in the form of goods and labor is the most dominant given by the community because it is in line with its implementation. This shows that there are still many people who are unable to contribute in the form of money due to income factors, but can participate in the form of labor later in life. form of goods. The factors that influence community participation are awareness factors, age factors, education factors, income/income factors, and lack of public understanding.

SOSIALISASI DAN AKSI BERSIH PANTAI SEBAGAI UPAYA MENGURANGI SAMPAH DAN PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT

Active community activities can help keep the beach clean. As members of the community, beach visitors must also participate in beach cleaning, such as throwing rubbish in its place. Beach cleanliness that is not maintained will result in environmental pollution and can cause disease. The aim of this community service activity is to maintain beach cleanliness and raise awareness among the public and beach visitors about the benefits of beach cleanliness. The activity implementation method consists of three stages, namely the preparation, implementation and evaluation stages. As a result of the activities, the beach environment is clean, beautiful and there is no longer the smell of accumulated rubbish. It is hoped that the local community and visitors will always maintain the cleanliness of the beach.

Factors associated with Food Safety Practices (FSP) among visitors in the Depok Beach Area in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Background: The availability of safe, healthy, and clean food in tourism places is essential to ensure customers’ satisfaction. Most previous studies focused on food safety practices among food handlers. However, personal food safety practices are needed to prevent foodborne diseases. Objective: This study aimed to identify the factors associated with food safety practices among people who visited Depok Beach. Methods: A quantitative approach was done on 211 Depok Beach visitors selected by the accidental sample method. This study was conducted from September to October 2022. Descriptive statistics, chi-square, and binary logistic regression were used for data analysis. Results: This study found that factors such as marital status, knowledge, and attitude were 2.8, 1.2, and 2.2 times, respectively, more likely to practice poor food safety practices. Conclusion: The food safety practice among visitors was less than average. The factors associated with food safety practices among visitors were marital status, knowledge, and attitude about food safety. Health promotion about food safety for customers is needed. Further studies could mix with the qualitative approach to get comprehensive findings.

Examining the influence of COVID-19 lockdowns on coastal water quality: A study on fecal bacteria levels in Moroccan seawaters

Fecal bacteria in bathing seawater pose a substantial public health risk and require rigorous monitoring. The unexpected beach closures during the COVID-19 lockdowns have afforded unique opportunities to evaluate the impact of human activities on bathing water quality (BWQ). This study examined the temporal changes in fecal coliforms (FC) and streptococci (FS) within bathing seawater across a popular coastal region in Morocco during two lockdown periods (2020 L and 2021 L), comparing these data with observations from pre-lockdown years (2018, 2019) and post-lockdown periods (2020, 2021, 2022). Our findings illuminate the influential role the hiatus periods played in enhancing bathing water quality, attaining an “excellent” status with marked reductions in fecal coliform and streptococci levels. Consequently, the FC/FS analysis exposed a clear preponderance of humans as the primary sources of fecal contamination, a trend that aligns with the burgeoning coastal tourism and the escalating numbers of beach visitors. Additionally, the presence of domestic animals like camels and horses used for tourist rides, coupled with an increase in wild animals such as dogs during the lockdown periods, compounded the potential sources of fecal bacteria in the study area. Furthermore, occasional sewage discharge from tourist accommodations and wastewater treatment plants may also contribute to fecal contamination. To effectively mitigate these concerns and bolster public health, a commitment to relentless surveillance efforts, leveraging novel and innovative tools, is essential. These findings underline the crucial interplay between human activities and the health of our coastal ecosystems, emphasizing the need for sustainable practices for a safer and healthier future.

Perception and Awareness of Marine Plastic Pollution in Selected Tourism Beaches of Barobo, Surigao del Sur, Philippines

Tourism is a significant economic activity in coastal communities, but when badly managed, it degrades the health of the marine-coastal ecosystem, increasing litter pollution and repels beach visitors. This study aims to assess the tourism impact on litter pollution on four growing tourism beaches of Barobo, Surigao del Sur, Philippines. Plastic litters were sampled from four tourism sites (Cabgan Island, Turtle Island, Dapdap Beach, Panaraga Beach) of Barobo by establishing transect lines with quadrats. Those who agreed to participate in perception and knowledge tests about marine debris were interviewed at the aforementioned beaches. Respondents was generally aware of marine pollution problems, specifically marine pollution relating to human and ecological health. Respondents identified tourism as a main litter source and plastic packaging as the most common litter type, which is true based on macrolitter collection. Because tourism causes plastic pollution on all of the beaches studied, stronger regulations, educational, and awareness efforts are crucial to reduce litter pollution and avert ecological and socioeconomic consequences.
 Structured Abstract: Purpose: Tourism plays a big role in the economic status of a country. It provides livelihood to the community and helps in poverty elevation. But tourism also brings pollution, i.e., plastic pollution, if not properly managed. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the perception and awareness of tourists on plastic pollution and its impacts on tourism. 
 Design/methodology/approach: The study was limited to surveys and key informant interviews (KII) since fora and assemblies are not allowed due to pandemic health protocols. Survey sampling was done simultaneously with the macroplastic collection from July 10 to August 12, 2021. Convenience sampling design was used, and data was collected on willing individuals present in the area. The awareness questionnaire used the Likert Scale method, while the individual perception used multiple choice or open-ended questions. Statistical data analysis was performed using SPSS and Microsoft excel.
 Findings: A total of 105 willing individuals were legally part of this study. Of the 105 respondents surveyed, 70 of which are tourists from island beaches and 35 are from mainland beaches. Respondents were generally aware of most issues presented to them. The top issues that the respondents relate the most are related to plastic effects on health and environment. The majority of the surveyed tourists on island beaches perceived high macrolitter pollution, while those on mainland beaches perceived low pollution. This perception of respondents agrees with the litter quantities registered and collected. Furthermore, the perception of plastic packaging as the most common type of litter has been found out to be true based on sampling collections. Tourists on the beaches of Barobo are aware of the problem of marine litter and see the tourism sector as a source of waste, notably plastics.
 Originality: This research paper submitted by us is an outcome of our independent and original work. We have duly acknowledged all the sources from which the ideas and extracts have been taken. The paper is free from any plagiarism and has not been submitted elsewhere for publication.

PENGARUH LOKASI FASILITAS DAN PROMOSI TERHADAP DAYA TARIK PENGUNJUNG PANTAI PASAR SELUMA

Research on Pasar Seluma Beach visitors has the following problem formulation, how does the location, tourist facilities and promotion influence simultaneously on Pasar Seluma Beach tourism? This study aims to determine the effect of location, tourist facilities and tourism promotion on the Tourism Attractivenessof Pasar Seluma Beach. The sample used was calculated using the Lemeshow formula (Lemeshow, 199) based on predetermined criteria totaling 161 respondents. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, documentation and questionnaires. The processed data was analyzed using the SPSS 25 formula.Based on the regression results it is known that the significant value for the effect of X1, X2 and X3 together on Y is 0.00. The F-count value is 70.899 and the F-table value is 3.90. Thus, the F-count value (70.899) > F-table (3.390) with a significant value of 0.00 > 0.05, then H0 is rejected and H3 is accepted. It can be concluded that X1, X2 and X3 have a significant effect on Pasar Seluma Beach Tourism Attractiveness.
 Keywords : Location, Facilities, Promotion and Attraction

Hazardous human–wildlife encounters, risk attitudes, and the value of shark nets for coastal recreation

AbstractShark incidents are rare and graphic events, and their consequences can influence the behavior of beach users, including bathers, to a great extent. These incidents can be thought of as a fearsome risk that may lead decision makers to overreact or respond with inaction. This paper examines the reaction of recreational beach users, including bathers, to changes in the risk of shark incidents. In addition to valuing recreational visits to Durban Beach, South Africa, we study the reaction of beach visitors to a hypothetical scenario in which protective shark nets, deployed in coastal waters to protect bathers, are to be removed. To examine potential heterogeneity of the treatment effect in a travel cost‐contingent behavior model, we develop a semiparametric multivariate Poisson lognormal (MPLN) model to jointly analyze observed and stated visit counts. Results show that removing protective shark nets at Durban beach would decrease recreational visits by more than 20%. Applying the semiparametric MPLN model we further find that both the value of a recreational visit and the predicted change in visitation rates vary as a function of whether recreationists usually enter the water, whether they have heard of previous shark incidents, and their general risk attitude.

GOTONG ROYONG MEMBERSIHKAN KAWASAN WISATA DI PANTAI KERAKAT DESA POHGADING TIMUR

The beach is an interesting place as a place to do activities outside the home. The beauty of the beach must always be maintained so that comfort can still be obtained for everyone who visits it. The beach becomes a comfortable place if it is kept clean. East Pohgading Village is a place for tourism activities such as marine tourism, supporting facilities and white sandy beaches that are in great demand by tourists to visit. Public awareness, especially beach visitors at Kerakat Timur Pohgading Village, will maintain the cleanliness of the beach area and there is a need for public awareness in disposing of garbage in places that are not scattered around the beach. This community service activity aims to inspire visitors and traders on Kerakat beach to care about the environment. A well-maintained environment will be a good legacy for the next generation. Survey The results of the on-site research show that visitors understand waste and dispose of waste in its place.