Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener Research Articles

Prevalence of neurodevelopmental delays in infants with perinatal HIV infection in comparison with HIV exposure in rural South Africa.

Assessing neurodevelopmental functioning in early infancy is essential as this is a critical period for infant development. Infants born to mothers with HIV are at a greater risk of developmental delays than those born to mothers without HIV. In this study, we analyzed differences in early neurodevelopmental functioning for infants with HIV exposure versus HIV infection to inform infant screening and early intervention. Participants were recruited from community health centers in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. Prenatally, mothers completed baseline demographic assessment at 8 to 24-week gestation periods. Infant neurodevelopment was assessed using the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener (BINS) 12 months postnatally. Five areas of development were assessed: cognition, receptive communication, expressive communication, fine motor ability, and gross motor ability. Postnatal infant assessment using the BINS revealed that infants were at risk for neurodevelopmental delays across all domains assessed. Notably, infants exposed to HIV, regardless of HIV status, were 'at emerging risk' or 'at clear risk' for cognitive (43.5%), receptive communication (38.2%), expressive communication (53.1%), fine motor (49.9%), and gross motor delays (55.6%). Differences were noted by HIV status in the cognition domain, such that HIV-exposed infants were more likely to be at emerging or clear risk than HIV-infected infants. There was a different trend with gross motor delays, such that HIV-infected infants were at a greater risk for motor delays than HIV-exposed, uninfected infants. Screening tools for this vulnerable population provide valuable early life assessment to determine infant needs for intervention and treatment planning. Such interventions may mitigate the impact of HIV status on neurodevelopmental health generally and cognition.

Early Evaluation and the Effect of Socioeconomic Factors on Neurodevelopment in Infants with Tetralogy of Fallot

Neurodevelopmental sequelae are prevalent among patients with congenital heart defects (CHD). In a study of infants and children with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), we sought to identify those at risk for abnormal neurodevelopment and to test associations between socioeconomic and medical factors with neurodevelopment deficits. Single-center retrospective observational study of patients with repaired TOF that were evaluated at the institution’s Cardiac Kids Developmental Follow-up Program (CKDP) between 2012 and 2018. Main outcomes included neurodevelopmental test scores from the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener (BINS), Peabody Developmental Motor Scale (PDMS), and Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (Bayley-III). Mixed effects linear regression and marginal logistic regression models tested relationships between patient characteristics and outcomes. Sub-analyses were conducted to test correlations between initial and later neurodevelopment tests. In total, 49 patients were included, predominantly male (n = 33) and white (n = 28), first evaluated at a median age of 4.5 months. Forty-three percent of patients (n = 16) had deficits in the BINS, the earliest screening test. Several socioeconomic parameters and measures of disease complexity were associated with neurodevelopment, independently of genetic syndrome. Early BINS and PDMS performed in infancy were associated with Bayley-III scores performed after 1 year of age. Early screening identifies TOF patients at risk for abnormal neurodevelopment. Socioeconomic factors and disease complexity are associated with abnormal neurodevelopment and should be taken into account in the risk stratification and follow-up of these patients. Early evaluation with BINS and PDMS is suggested for detection of early deficits.

Validation of the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener Among HIV-Exposed Infants in Rural South Africa.

Screening for developmental delays during critical periods of infant development is essential for early detection and intervention. Among high-risk infants in resource-limited settings, including those who are HIV exposed, there is a greater need for screening. This study expanded on previous analyses of the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener (BINS) by providing psychometric properties to evaluate the appropriateness of using the BINS in a sample of HIV-exposed infants in rural South Africa. A total of 160 mothers with HIV, their infants, and their male partners were recruited. The BINS was administered to the infants, and their weights were recorded. Mothers completed measures of depression, intimate partner violence, male involvement, and adherence. Male partners reported their own involvement in perinatal care. Results demonstrated support for a 5-factor structure consistent with previous transcultural adaptations of the BINS, demonstrating construct validity, and adequate reliability. Convergent validity was partially supported, as shown by associations with intimate partner violence and male involvement as reported by men and women and maternal adherence, although not with birth weight or maternal depression. The BINS showed adequate discriminating power, with only a few low-performing items. In rural South Africa, a resource-limited setting, the BINS seems to be an adequate screening tool for developmental delays in children that may be used to identify those in need of intervention. Considering the high prevalence of delays identified in this study, antiretroviral therapy-exposed and HIV-exposed infants may benefit from further assessment to determine a need for intervention in community-based clinics.

Influence of the level of maternal education on the long-term neurodevelopmental outcome of Saudi infants with birth weight of 1000-1500 grams at the age of 21-24 months

Background: Advancements in perinatal-neonatal care in the last decades has led to improved survival rates of very-low birth weight (VLBW) infants. An association between the level of maternal education and neurodevelopmental outcome has been demonstrated in many European studies. This study evaluates the influence of maternal education level and socio-demographic status on the long-term development of Saudi VLBW infants with birth weight of 1000-1500 grams at a corrected gestational age of 21-24 months. Method: This retrospective cohort study examined prospectively collected data from the period of 2005 to 2016 from the Neonatal Follow-up Program (NFP) at King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Results: A total of 122 VLBW infants with a mean gestational age of 29.57 weeks and mean birth weight 1265 grams were enrolled. There was no statistically significant association between the level of maternal education and neurodevelopmental screening outcome at the age of 21-24 months according to the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener (BINS) (p=0.149). Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) was highly associated with cerebral palsy (p=0.001) and an abnormal BINS score (p=0.010). Conclusion: There was no significant influence of the level of maternal education on the neurodevelopmental screening outcome of VLBW infants at the corrected age of 21-24 months. BPD was the strongest predictor of adverse neurodevelopmental outcome. Keywords: Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener (BINS), Neurodevelopmental Outcome, Maternal educational level, Neonatal follow-up program (NFP), Very Low Birth Weight (VLBW) infant.

The relationship between infant iron status and risk of neurological impairment

Background Iron deficiency (ID) is a commonly found nutritional disorder and a persistent problem, especially in Indonesia. Iron deficiency during the critical period in childhood brain development is estimated to cause irreversible damage that hinders infant development.Objective To determine the relationship between infant iron status and neurological development.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study at the Growth and Development Outpatient Clinic, Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado, from March to May 2015. By consecutive sampling, we obtained 44 healthy infants aged 7 to 10 months who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Infants with a history of perinatal complications, such as head trauma, hypoglycemia, respiratory distress syndrome, infection, or malaria were excluded Subjects’ serum hemoglobin and ferritin were examined for iron status. Infants’ risk of neurological impairment was assessed by the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener (BINS). Results were analyzed by descriptive analysis for the characteristics and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient analysis for the relationship between iron status and neurological development.Results From 14 infants with ID, 8 infants had a high risk of developmental impairment. Of the 30 non-ID subjects, 4 infants had a high risk of developmental impairment. Of the 30 non-ID infants, 16 infants had a low risk of impaired development, while 2 infants with ID had low risk of developmental impairment. Spearman’s rho revealed that infant iron deficiency was significantly associated with high risk of neurological impairment. (r=-0.547; P<0.0001).Conclusion Lower serum ferritin levels (iron deficiency) is significantly associated with greater risk of impaired neurological development in infants aged 7-10 months.

The relationship between infant iron status and risk of neurological impairment

Background Iron deficiency (ID) is a commonly found nutritional disorder and a persistent problem, especially in Indonesia. Iron deficiency during the critical period in childhood brain development is estimated to cause irreversible damage that hinders infant development.Objective To determine the relationship between infant iron status and neurological development.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study at the Growth and Development Outpatient Clinic, Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado, from March to May 2015. By consecutive sampling, we obtained 44 healthy infants aged 7 to 10 months who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Infants with a history of perinatal complications, such as head trauma, hypoglycemia, respiratory distress syndrome, infection, or malaria were excluded Subjects’ serum hemoglobin and ferritin were examined for iron status. Infants’ risk of neurological impairment was assessed by the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener (BINS). Results were analyzed by descriptive analysis for the characteristics and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient analysis for the relationship between iron status and neurological development.Results From 14 infants with ID, 8 infants had a high risk of developmental impairment. Of the 30 non-ID subjects, 4 infants had a high risk of developmental impairment. Of the 30 non-ID infants, 16 infants had a low risk of impaired development, while 2 infants with ID had low risk of developmental impairment. Spearman’s rho revealed that infant iron deficiency was significantly associated with high risk of neurological impairment. (r=-0.547; P<0.0001).Conclusion Lower serum ferritin levels (iron deficiency) is significantly associated with greater risk of impaired neurological development in infants aged 7-10 months.

Differences in early cognitive and receptive-expressive neurodevelopment by ancestry and underlying pathways in Brazil and Argentina

We examine disparities in early child cognitive and receptive-expressive skills by ethnic ancestry among infants aged 3–24 months from Brazil and Argentina. We employ unique data on the neurodevelopment of children who were seeking routine well-child care at a set of pediatric clinics in these countries. The sample included children who had normal birth outcomes and no major health complications, allowing us to focus on variation in neurodevelopment among children without major physical health limitations. The physicians attending the pediatric clinics were trained in administering the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener, a standardized instrument used to screen an infant’s risk of neurodevelopmental problems on various domains of abilities. We evaluate disparities in overall neurodevelopmental scores and risk for neurodevelopmental problems as well as in cognitive functioning and receptive-expressive neurodevelopment. We also examine the extent to which household demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and geographic location explain these disparities. We find large gaps in both cognitive and receptive-expressive neurodevelopment by ancestry. In Brazil, children of African ancestry have lower scores on both cognitive and receptive-expressive domains and on overall neurodevelopment than children of European ancestry. In Argentina, children of Native ancestry have lower scores on these outcomes than children of European ancestry. These gaps however are largely explained by differences in geographic location and household characteristics, highlighting the importance of policies that reduce socioeconomic and geographic disparities in social capital and economic development for eliminating ethnic disparities in infant neurodevelopment.

The risk for delayed development in low birth weight, appropriate for gestational age preterm infants

Background Preterm infants, particularly those who have hadsevere asphyxia, hyperbilirubinemia, and sepsis, tend to be at riskfor neurodevelopmental impairment.Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the risk for de-layed development in low birth weight (LBW), appropriate for gesta-tional age (AGA) preterm infants compared to that in term, non-LBWinfants, and to investigate the roles of severe asphyxia, sepsis, andhyperbilirubinemia as potential risk factors for delayed development.Methods This was a hospital-based retrospective cohort studyinvolving preterm, LBW and term, non-LBW infants conducted inHasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung. The Bayley InfantNeurodevelopmental Screener (BINS) test was performed to as-sess the risk of delayed development at 3 months of corrected agefor the preterm infants and at 3 months of chronological age for theterm infants. Bivariate analysis using the chi-square test and mul-tivariate analysis using logistic regression were performed.Results One hundred and twelve infants fulfilled eligibility criteria,consisting of 52 preterm, LBW and 60 term, non-LBW infants. Basedon the BINS test, of the preterm, LBW infants, 32 (61%) were atlow risk, 11 (21%) at moderate risk, and 9 (17%) at high risk fordelayed development. Of the control infants, 49 (82%) were at lowrisk, 10 (17%) at moderate risk, and 1 (1.7%) at high risk for de-layed development. Logistic regression analysis showed signifi-cant association between accompanying diseases such as sepsis(OR=25.60; P=0.001) and hyperbilirubinemia (OR=16.07; P=0.001)with delayed development. Despite more than twofold odds fordelayed development in infants with severe asphyxia (OR=2.51)and LBW-prematurity (OR=2.47), the association was statisticallyinsignificant (P=0.20 and P=0.15, respectively).Conclusions In preterm infants appropriate for gestational age,prematurity and low birth weight alone may or may not predisposeto delayed development at 3 months of age. However, the risk fordelayed development in such infants is increased when sepsis orhyperbilirubinemia is present

The Prediction of Later Neurodevelopmental Status of Preterm Infants at Ages 7 to 10 Years Using the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener

The aim of this study was to see whether the scores of the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener of 45 high-risk preterm infants (gestational age 26-37 wk) between the ages of 3 and 24 months predicted neurodevelopmental status at 7 to 10 years of age. Neurodevelopmental status of 45/122 preterm infants, grouped according to their gestational ages of 26 to 29, 30 to 32, and 33 to 37 weeks, were previously evaluated by Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener. The scores were categorized as low or high-moderate. Verbal and performance scores of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) of those patients were assessed between 7 and 10 years. The patients with high-moderate-risk scores of Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener at all times, regardless of their gestational age, had lower performance, verbal, and total scores of WISC-R than those of who had low Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener risk scores. High-moderate risk score of Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener at 7 to 10, and 16 to 20 months, of all patients especially showed good prediction for identifying lower verbal and performance scales. For 7 to 10 months, verbal scale: positive predictive value = 92.3%, negative predictive value = 44.4%, sensitivity = 70.58%, and specificity = 80%; performance scale: positive predictive value = 100%, negative predictive value = 30%, sensitivity = 68.18%, and specificity = 100%. For 16 to 20 months, verbal scale: positive predictive value = 90%, negative predictive value = 37.5%, sensitivity = 64.3%, and specificity = 80%; performance scale: positive predictive value = 90%, negative predictive value = 12.5%, sensitivity = 56.3%, and specificity = 50%. Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener shows good prediction of later verbal and performance scores of Wechsler Intelligence Scale-Revised for Children as early as 7 to 10 months, which gives us the opportunity to start early intervention.

Living on Higher Ground Reduces Child Neurodevelopment—Evidence from South America

To study the effects of altitude on infant neurodevelopment in the first 2 years of life. Data from a unique study of normal infant neurodevelopment in 5 South American countries were used. The sample included 2116 infants 3-24 months of age who were evaluated for neurodevelopmental problems by study physicians during their routine well-child visits at 31 pediatric practices. We used regression models with country fixed-effects that compare the neurodevelopment of children born at different altitudes within the same country to avoid confounding. The regressions adjust for several socioeconomic and demographic factors. We also evaluated altitude effects stratifying by sex, age, and household wealth. Infant neurodevelopment was evaluated by physicians by using the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener. The primary outcome is an indicator for whether the infant is at high risk for neurodevelopmental problems based on the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener norms. Altitude significantly increases the probability of being at high risk for neurodevelopmental problems (100-meter increase in altitude: OR 1.02; 95% CI 1.001-1.037; high altitude greater than 2600 meters vs low altitude less than 800 meters: OR 2.01; 95% CI 1.36-2.973). The effects are larger for females and for second than first year of life. The largest effect is for females 12-24 months of age (high vs low altitude: OR 4.147; 95% CI 1.466-12.013). There are no significant differences in altitude effects by household wealth. Altitude may significantly increase the risk of neurodevelopmental problems during the first 2 years of life, especially for females during their second year of life.

1247 Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener (BINS) in Brazilian Preterm Children Under Risk Conditions

Preterms are always at risk for neurological abnormalities and developmental delays. Underdevelopment country children face multiple adversities and are subjected to biological and social risk factors, fighting daily against mortality.This...

In Utero Antidepressant Exposure and Neurodevelopment in Preterm Infants

To investigate the impact of in utero selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) exposure on neurodevelopment in a cohort of preterm infants. Retrospective case control study of preterm infants ≤36(6/7) weeks gestation with in utero SSRI exposure. Subjects were matched to controls by gestational age, year of birth, birth weight, gender, and age at neurodevelopmental assessment. Neurodevelopment was assessed with the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener and the Bayley Scales of Infant Development. The 19 infants with in utero SSRI exposure were similar to controls in demographic data, birth weight, and in-hospital morbidity. The mean ± standard deviation (SD) Mental Developmental Index score for study infants at 36 months was 94 ± 15 versus 91 ± 10 for controls (p = 0.46). The mean ± SD Psychomotor Developmental Index score was also similar between groups: 79 ± 21 for study infants versus 75 ± 20 for control infants (p = 0.72). Other neurodevelopmental outcomes were comparable. In this cohort of preterm infants, in utero SSRI exposure was not associated with adverse neurodevelopment above the baseline risk for this degree of prematurity. Larger studies are needed to obviate the risk of a type II error.

Application of neurodevelopmental screening to a sample of South American infants: The Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener (BINS)

ObjectiveTo evaluate the utility of the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener (BINS), standardized in the US, for South American infants, 3–24 months of age. MethodsThirty-five physicians administered the BINS to 2471 South American infants recruited during routine well-child visits, 578 (23%) from Brazil and 1893 (77%) from six other South American countries. The BINS was translated into Spanish and Portuguese and participating physicians were trained to administer the BINS. Physician inter-rater agreement with training tapes was 84.4%; test–retest reliability for age item sets ranged from 0.80 to 0.93 (Pearson's r). Infants were classified into being at low, moderate, or high risk for developmental delay or neurological impairment based on their total BINS score. The sample was stratified by infant's age, sex and language (Spanish and Portuguese). The BINS scores were compared to the scores of the US infant sample used to standardize the BINS. ResultsFemale infants performed higher than male at 16–20 months and 21–24 months; male infant scores were more variable at 5–6 months. Scores on only two items were significantly different between Spanish and Portuguese speaking participants. South American scores were typically significantly higher than the US sample, and a lower proportion of infants were classified as being at high risk in the South American sample than in the US standardization sample. ConclusionOverall, the results of this study indicate that the BINS is feasible and appropriate for neurodevelopmental screening in South America. Further studies are needed to confirm the BINS utility in South America, including its use with a clinical sample.

Neurodevelopmental impairment among infants born to mothers infected with human immunodeficiency virus and uninfected mothers from three peri-urban primary care clinics in Harare, Zimbabwe

The aim of this article is to document the risk of neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) among infants enrolled in a programme for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) in Zimbabwe using the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener (BINS). We prospectively followed up infants at three primary care clinics in Harare, Zimbabwe. Neurodevelopmental assessments using the BINS were conducted during the first 12 months of life. NDI risk category and associated risk factors were examined. Of the 598 infants assessed, 305 (51%) were female and 293 (49%) were male. Sixty-five infants (11%) were infected with HIV, 188 (31%) were exposed but uninfected, 287 (48%) were unexposed, and 58 (10%) were of unknown status. The prevalence of a high risk of NDI was 9.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 7.1-11.1%): 9.2% in males and 9.6% in females. Of the 598 infants, 549 (92%) had ever been breastfed, 49% of whom had mothers infected with HIV. The risk of NDI was higher among infants infected early with HIV, i.e. by 3 months of age (p value <0.001). The NDI high-risk category included twice as many infants infected with HIV as uninfected infants (odds ratio [OR] 2.1; 95% CI 1.0-4.3). After adjusting for other factors, head circumference and family financial subsistence remained risk factors for NDI with an OR of 2.22 (1.04-4.82) and 2.55 (1.02-6.36) respectively. The background prevalence of high-risk NDI category of 9.4% across groups seems high but is similar to that reported previously in developing countries. Integration of an early infant neurodevelopmental screening programme into child HIV management protocols will assist in the early referral of children exposed to HIV.

Comparison of Caretaker Report and Hands-On Neurodevelopmental Screening in High-Risk Infants

Caretaker report in developmental screening of high-risk infants has not been investigated adequately. We compare a caretaker-completed neurodevelopmental prescreening questionnaire (NPQ) to a hands-on screener (Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener; BINS) and attempt to identify factors that influence agreement in a high-risk sample. From 1,436 infants drawn from 5 centers, 471 were prospectively evaluated at 6-months corrected age, 376 at 12-months, and 244 at 24-months. Fifty-five percent were male; 28% African American, 70% Caucasian, 3% other; M gestational age = 31.2 weeks, M birth weight = 1568 g. Caretakers completed the NPQ (based on the BINS) while watching a video depicting infants engaged in items. The BINS was subsequently administered. Sensitivity ranged from 80%–91%, specificity 57%–82%, and overall agreement 70%–83%, depending on age. Mean NPQ summary scores were lower than the BINS. Agreement varied depending on BINS risk status, being best in the high-risk group, and worst in the moderate risk group. Background variables had minimal impact at 6 and 12 months with BINS risk status being the primary influence; at 24-months, race, intraventricular hemorrhage, and respiratory distress syndrome were influential. Caretaker report is useful in a high-risk population, although the infant's neurodevelopmental status influences such early on; ethnic background and biomedical variables become more important at 2 years.

Hypernatremic dehydration in the newborn period and long‐term follow up

Hypernatremic dehydration due to inadequate fluid intake can be a significant problem during the neonatal period and thereafter. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the term newborn infants admitted to Gazi University Hospital neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for hypernatremic dehydration between June 2001 and June 2003 and compare the results with those of the literature search performed via MEDLINE for infants with the same diagnosis. Infants with weight loss > or =10% were evaluated for hypernatremia and the ones with serum Na level > or =150 mEq/L were admitted to NICU. Long-term follow-up evaluations were performed using Bayley Scales of Infant Development I (BSID I) and Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener (BINS) tests. Between June 2001 and June 2003, 28 newborns were admitted to NICU with hypernatremic dehydration. Literature review found 178 newborns with the same diagnosis since 1979 and detailed information was available for 150 patients. In the study and MEDLINE groups, respectively mean days of admission were 3.39 and 11.7; mean serum sodium, 156.5 and 178.6 mEq/L; and mean % weight loss, 11.5 and 25.7. Long-term follow up was performed in 15 patients from the study group, and two patients were found to be severely neurologically delayed. Five patients were found to have moderate risk scores by BINS tests. Early follow-up visits of newborns soon after discharge are important to determine risk for hypernatremic dehydration. Long-term follow up of this group of babies is also required to gather knowledge about the repercussions of early hypernatremic dehydration later in life.

31 Oral Feeding Disorders at Hospital Discharge: A Unique Marker of Disability?

The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral feeding problems at hospital discharge for preterm infants and to assess if these could be markers of later disability. This was a retrospective review of patients enrolled in a follow-up clinic database. Infants included were ≤ 32 wk GA, seen for the initial clinic visit between January 1, 2002 to December 31, 2004. 71/328 (22%) infants had oral feeding disorders (OFD) as defined by having one or more of the following at hospital dismissal: use of tubes and/or feeding pump, feeding more frequently than every 3 hours secondary to poor volume tolerance, and/or less than 100% of feeding orally. A comparison group of infants was determined by matching each study infant with the next infant in the database without a feeding problem but with the same GA (± 1 wk) and BW (± 100g). Medical complications and limited outcome data were obtained by database review. Group differences were determined by chi-square and univariate analysis of variance with significance indicated by P<.05. There were no group differences in BW (1023 ± 370 and 1026 ± 345 g, OFD and control, respectively), GA (27.6 ± 2.5 wk, both), or gender. OFD infants were, on average, discharged from the hospital 5 weeks later and 880 g heavier than comparisons (P=.000). There were no group differences in rates of severe IVH or ROP. OFD infants were more likely to have CLD (52% and 35%, P=.04) and be discharged on a home apnea monitor (47% and 25%, P=.009). 39% of OFD infants had neither CLD or IVH. A subset of infants had 24-month developmental screening using the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener (BINS). Controlling for CLD and maternal race, OFD infants (n=14) tended to have a lower mean BINS scores than comparisons (n=30), 6.9 ± 3.6 and 4.3 ± 3.2, P=.08. Preterm infants appear to frequently have oral feeding problems at hospital discharge. Additional study of this population is needed to determine possible etiologies and long-term implications of delayed oral feeding, which could be a unique marker of disability.

An exploratory study of physiological correlates of neurodevelopmental delay in infants with sickle cell anaemia

This study aimed to investigate whether infants with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) are at risk of neurodevelopmental delay, and whether any delay is associated with SCA pathology. Twenty-eight infants (14 SCA; 14 age- and ethnic-similar controls) were assessed longitudinally with the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener (BINS) at 3, 9 and 12 months. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) and pulse oximetry (SpO2) measures were recorded longitudinally in SCA infants, and a subgroup of controls. Haemoglobin values were obtained from SCA infants. At each age, SCA infants obtained BINS scores indicative of greater risk of neurodevelopmental delay compared with controls. The number of moderate-high BINS risk scores increased significantly between 3 and 9 months. At 9 months BINS raw scores correlated negatively with TCD velocity and positively with haemoglobin. This exploratory study suggests that SCA infants may be at greater risk of neurodevelopmental delay than previously considered, and may provide the impetus for further research into the very early precursors of cognitive impairment.

Neurobehavioral Assessment Predicts Differential Outcome Between VLBW and ELBW Preterm Infants

To evaluate the impact of birth weight on development of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants using the Neurobehavioral Assessment of the Preterm Infant (NAPI) before hospital discharge, and to show the relation to follow-up outcomes at 12, 18 and 30 months of age. In total, 113 preterm infants were assessed with the NAPI at 36 weeks postmenstrual age. Later, neurodevelopment was examined using the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener (BINS) at 12 months and the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, at 18 and 30 months. The cohort was divided into two groups, based on birth weight, extremely low birth weight (ELBW) (<1000 g) and VLBW (1000 to 1500 g). ELBW infants showed significantly lower NAPI scores compared with VLBW infants at 36 weeks. The predischarge NAPI scores correlated with the 12, 18 and 30 months scores when the ELBW infants continue to have lower performance than the VLBW infants. In all, 14 infants developed cerebral palsy. These infants had significantly lower NAPI, BINS and Bayley scores compared with all other preterm infants. NAPI before discharge provides clinically meaningful information related to later neurodevelopmental outcome.

Use of the bayley infant neurodevelopmental screener with premature infants

Objective: To examine the utility of the Bayley Infant Neurodevelopmental Screener (BINS) for the neurodevelopmental follow up of high-risk preterms. Methods: The study group consisted of 122 preterm infants of the gestational ages between 26 and 37 weeks. Medical factors such as; mean birth weight, gestational age, gender, birth place and type, number of multiple pregnancy, days of hospitalization and oxygen therapy, use of antenatal steroids, and occurence of sepsis for each patient were evaluated. The neurodevelopmental examination and BINS administration was made at each visit to the patients whose ages were adjusted for prematurity. Results: At the corrected age of 7–10 months patients at 26–29 GA had significantly lower total means of BINS scores when compared to those of the other two groups at 30–32 and 33–37 GA ( P<0.01 and P<0.001). At the corrected age of 3–4 months, the total means of the BINS scores of the patients at 30–32 GA were lower than that of the patients at 33–37 GA ( P<0.009). at 7–10 months the scores of the items defining the expressive and cognitive functions of the patients at 26–29 GA were lower than those of the patients at 30–32 GA ( P<0.05) and 33–37 GA ( P<0.05). At 16–20 months the mean scores of the items of expressive functions were significantly lower in patients of the 26–29 GA compared to those of the patients of 33–37 GA ( P<0.03). Conclusion: As data accumulates, BINS will turn out to be a quick way of determining infants at risk of developmental delay in many aspects of neurologically high risk conditions.